Pub Date : 2023-12-19DOI: 10.48156/1388.2023.1917247
Myckey Gonçalves, C. Mendoza-Penagos, Diogo Silva Vilela, Samantha Ribeiro da Silva, Alysson da Matta, L. Juen, Leandro Schlemmer Brasil
Brazil hosts a wide range of Odonata species, including many hitherto unde¬scribed ones, especially in remote and unexplored regions where logistics are difficult. The northwestern Brazilian Amazon is an example of this situation, and many locations still need to be sampled there and have their taxonomic inventories compiled. Against this background, this study aimed to survey the Odonata species in the municipality of São Ga¬briel da Cachoeira, located in the extreme northwest of the Western Amazon. The survey was conducted at 11 water bodies, where 67 Odonata species were recorded, including four new records for the state of Amazonas and seven new records for Brazil. Pioneering studies like this are important for enhancing our understanding of the region’s biodiversity and contribute to conservation efforts.
{"title":"New records of Odonata (Insecta) for the extreme northwest of the Brazilian Amazon","authors":"Myckey Gonçalves, C. Mendoza-Penagos, Diogo Silva Vilela, Samantha Ribeiro da Silva, Alysson da Matta, L. Juen, Leandro Schlemmer Brasil","doi":"10.48156/1388.2023.1917247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2023.1917247","url":null,"abstract":"Brazil hosts a wide range of Odonata species, including many hitherto unde¬scribed ones, especially in remote and unexplored regions where logistics are difficult. The northwestern Brazilian Amazon is an example of this situation, and many locations still need to be sampled there and have their taxonomic inventories compiled. Against this background, this study aimed to survey the Odonata species in the municipality of São Ga¬briel da Cachoeira, located in the extreme northwest of the Western Amazon. The survey was conducted at 11 water bodies, where 67 Odonata species were recorded, including four new records for the state of Amazonas and seven new records for Brazil. Pioneering studies like this are important for enhancing our understanding of the region’s biodiversity and contribute to conservation efforts.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138962097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.48156/1388.2023.1917241
Ethan R. Tolman, Or R. Bruchim, Ella Simone Driever, Dick Jordan, M. Kohli, Lilly Montague, Jiwoo Park, Seojun Park, Mira Rosario, Jisong L. Ryu, Jessica L. Ware
The advent of third generation sequencing technologies has led to a boom of high-quality, chromosome level genome assemblies of Odonata, but to date, these have not been widely used to estimate the demographic history of the sequenced species through time. Yet, an understanding of how lineages have responded to past changes in the climate is useful in predicting their response to current and future changes in the climate. Here, we utilized the pairwise sequential markovian coalescent (PSMC) to estimate the demographic histories of Sympetrum striolatum, Ischnura elegans, and Hetaerina americana, three Odonata for which chromosome-length genome assemblies are available. Ischnura elegans showed a sharp decline in effective population size around the onset of the Pleistocene ice ages, while both S. striolatum and H. americana showed more recent declines. All three species have had relatively stable population sizes over the last one hundred thousand years. Although it is important to remain cautious when determining the conservation status of species, the coalescent models did not show any reason for major concern in any of the three species tested. The model for I. elegans confirmed prior research suggesting that population sizes of I. elegans will increase as temperatures rise.
{"title":"Changes in effective population size of Odonata in response to climate change revealed through genomics","authors":"Ethan R. Tolman, Or R. Bruchim, Ella Simone Driever, Dick Jordan, M. Kohli, Lilly Montague, Jiwoo Park, Seojun Park, Mira Rosario, Jisong L. Ryu, Jessica L. Ware","doi":"10.48156/1388.2023.1917241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2023.1917241","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of third generation sequencing technologies has led to a boom of high-quality, chromosome level genome assemblies of Odonata, but to date, these have not been widely used to estimate the demographic history of the sequenced species through time. Yet, an understanding of how lineages have responded to past changes in the climate is useful in predicting their response to current and future changes in the climate. Here, we utilized the pairwise sequential markovian coalescent (PSMC) to estimate the demographic histories of Sympetrum striolatum, Ischnura elegans, and Hetaerina americana, three Odonata for which chromosome-length genome assemblies are available. Ischnura elegans showed a sharp decline in effective population size around the onset of the Pleistocene ice ages, while both S. striolatum and H. americana showed more recent declines. All three species have had relatively stable population sizes over the last one hundred thousand years. Although it is important to remain cautious when determining the conservation status of species, the coalescent models did not show any reason for major concern in any of the three species tested. The model for I. elegans confirmed prior research suggesting that population sizes of I. elegans will increase as temperatures rise.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138994863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.48156/1388.2023.1917244
Emanuella Denck, J. Ehlert, Â. Pinto
Cyanallagma demoiselle sp. nov. (holotype male deposited in DZUP: Brazil, São Paulo State, Cananéia, Ilha do Cardoso State Park), a new small greenish blue and black damselfly, is described, illustrated, and diagnosed based on males and females from the southeastern Atlantic Forest. This new coenagrionid is named after one of the most celebrated projects, the Demoiselle 20 or libellule aircraft, designed by the Brazilian inventor and aviation pioneer Alberto Santos-Dumont (1873–1932). This is the third new odonate species discovered in the same restinga-like formation at São Paulo, and like many other odonates from this assemblage, C. demoiselle sp. nov., appears to be a typical inhabitant of this type of environment. Due to its sharing many characteristics with other Cyanallagma, the new species can be considered a chimera. Its body coloration and genital ligula are similar to those of C. trimaculatum, whereas its caudal appendages closely resemble those of C. nigrinuchale. Despite of recent advances in taxonomic knowledge about Cyanallagma, this study highlights the need for better understanding the morphological correspondences or homologies among the structures of caudal appendages.
Cyanallagma demoiselle sp. nov. (holotype male deposited in DZUP: Brazil, São Paulo State, Cananéia, Ilha do Cardoso State Park)，一种新的青蓝色和黑色的小豆娘。这种新的栉水母以巴西发明家和航空先驱阿尔贝托-桑托斯-杜蒙（Alberto Santos-Dumont，1873-1932 年）设计的最著名的项目之一蓑衣 20 或 libellule 飞机命名。这是在圣保罗的同一restinga-like地层中发现的第三个新的蝶形目动物物种，与该集合体中的许多其他蝶形目动物一样，C. demoiselle sp.由于与其他 Cyanallagma 有许多共同特征，该新物种可以被认为是一种嵌合体。它的体色和生殖器韧带与 C. trimaculatum 相似，而尾部附肢则与 C. nigrinuchale 非常相似。尽管近来有关 Cyanallagma 的分类学知识有所进展，但本研究强调了更好地了解尾部附肢结构的形态对应性或同源性的必要性。
{"title":"150th anniversary of Alberto Santos-Dumont’s birth, the father of aviation: the damselfly Cyanallagma demoiselle sp. nov. from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Odonata: Coenagrionidae)","authors":"Emanuella Denck, J. Ehlert, Â. Pinto","doi":"10.48156/1388.2023.1917244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2023.1917244","url":null,"abstract":"Cyanallagma demoiselle sp. nov. (holotype male deposited in DZUP: Brazil, São Paulo State, Cananéia, Ilha do Cardoso State Park), a new small greenish blue and black damselfly, is described, illustrated, and diagnosed based on males and females from the southeastern Atlantic Forest. This new coenagrionid is named after one of the most celebrated projects, the Demoiselle 20 or libellule aircraft, designed by the Brazilian inventor and aviation pioneer Alberto Santos-Dumont (1873–1932). This is the third new odonate species discovered in the same restinga-like formation at São Paulo, and like many other odonates from this assemblage, C. demoiselle sp. nov., appears to be a typical inhabitant of this type of environment. Due to its sharing many characteristics with other Cyanallagma, the new species can be considered a chimera. Its body coloration and genital ligula are similar to those of C. trimaculatum, whereas its caudal appendages closely resemble those of C. nigrinuchale. Despite of recent advances in taxonomic knowledge about Cyanallagma, this study highlights the need for better understanding the morphological correspondences or homologies among the structures of caudal appendages.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138964460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.48156/1388.2023.1917238
C. Mendoza-Penagos, L. Juen, U. G. Neiss, Neusa Hamada, J. Muzón
The final-instar larva of Psaironeura tenuissima is described based on reared specimens from Amazonas and Pará states in the Brazilian Amazon. Psaironeura larvae are grouped with Neoneura and Protoneura larvae by having nodated caudal lamellae, however, they can be differentiated by the number of labial palp setae. Psaironeura tenuissima are morphologically compared with P. angeloi larvae as well as those of Neoneura kiautai and Protoneura aurantiaca. The P. tenuissima larva can be distinguished from that of P. angeloi by the shape of the superior margin of prementum, projections on the prothorax, caudal lamellae apex shape, and the number of setae in the paraproct ventral margin setae.
{"title":"Description of the final-instar larva of Psaironeura tenuissima (Odonata: Zygoptera: Coenagrionidae) from Amazonia","authors":"C. Mendoza-Penagos, L. Juen, U. G. Neiss, Neusa Hamada, J. Muzón","doi":"10.48156/1388.2023.1917238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2023.1917238","url":null,"abstract":"The final-instar larva of Psaironeura tenuissima is described based on reared specimens from Amazonas and Pará states in the Brazilian Amazon. Psaironeura larvae are grouped with Neoneura and Protoneura larvae by having nodated caudal lamellae, however, they can be differentiated by the number of labial palp setae. Psaironeura tenuissima are morphologically compared with P. angeloi larvae as well as those of Neoneura kiautai and Protoneura aurantiaca. The P. tenuissima larva can be distinguished from that of P. angeloi by the shape of the superior margin of prementum, projections on the prothorax, caudal lamellae apex shape, and the number of setae in the paraproct ventral margin setae.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139214349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.48156/1388.2023.1917235
Jolan Hogreve, F. Suhling
Sympetrum striolatum (Charpentier, 1840) and S. vulgatum (Linnaeus, 1758) are two closely related Libellulidae that are widespread and common in Central Europe. The idea for this research originates from normally using saltwater shrimps for rearing young larvae, the observations of Sympetrum species laying eggs in seawater and the suggested ability of S. striolatum to colonize brackish water habitats. This topic will also be of rising relevance for dragonfly populations as in the future due to climatic changes or anthropogenic activity the salinization of freshwaters will likely increase. The experiments presented in this study served to find out whether eggs and larvae of both species can develop in brackish water. For this purpose, eggs of both species were kept at four different salinities from 0.5–1.5% and the development duration, hatching curves and growth rates as well as mortality were recorded and compared to respective data from an earlier experiment conducted in tap water. It was possible to investigate whether embryonic development, the hatching behaviour and larval growth are disturbed by different salinity levels compared to rearing in freshwater. We found for both species that the eggs can develop at different salt concentrations up to 1.5% and the larvae survive and grow in the brackish water. Especially for S. striolatum a slightly increased salinity even seems to be advantageous compared to rearing in tap water shown by high hatching and survival rates. The results of this study add some knowledge about the influencing effects of salt on both species. It seems that low salt concentrations seem to be well tolerated by both species or become even beneficial for S. striolatum. Furthermore, the results provide methodological aspects about the rearing of young dragonfly larvae.
S. vulgatum (Linnaeus, 1758)和S. striolatum (Charpentier, 1840)是两种在中欧广泛分布和常见的近缘鳞虾科（Libellulidae）。这项研究的想法源于通常使用盐水虾饲养幼体、观察到的在海水中产卵的交杯虫物种以及 S. striolatum 在咸水生境中的定殖能力。由于未来气候变化或人为活动，淡水盐碱化可能会加剧，因此这一课题对蜻蜓种群的意义也将日益重大。本研究中的实验旨在了解这两种蜻蜓的卵和幼虫能否在咸水中发育。为此，将这两种鱼的卵保存在 0.5-1.5% 的四种不同盐度条件下，记录发育持续时间、孵化曲线、生长率和死亡率，并与之前在自来水中进行的实验的相关数据进行比较。与在淡水中饲养相比，不同盐度是否会影响胚胎发育、孵化行为和幼虫生长。我们发现，这两个物种的卵都能在不同盐浓度（最高达 1.5%）下发育，幼虫也能在咸水中存活和生长。特别是对 S. striolatum 而言，与在自来水中饲养相比，略微提高盐度似乎更有利，因为孵化率和存活率都很高。这项研究的结果增加了盐对这两种鱼类影响的一些知识。低浓度盐似乎对两种鱼类都有很好的耐受性，甚至对横纹短尾鳕有利。此外，研究结果还提供了饲养蜻蜓幼虫的方法。
{"title":"Development of Sympetrum striolatum and S. vulgatum (Odonata: Libellulidae) in brackish water","authors":"Jolan Hogreve, F. Suhling","doi":"10.48156/1388.2023.1917235","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2023.1917235","url":null,"abstract":"Sympetrum striolatum (Charpentier, 1840) and S. vulgatum (Linnaeus, 1758) are two closely related Libellulidae that are widespread and common in Central Europe. The idea for this research originates from normally using saltwater shrimps for rearing young larvae, the observations of Sympetrum species laying eggs in seawater and the suggested ability of S. striolatum to colonize brackish water habitats. This topic will also be of rising relevance for dragonfly populations as in the future due to climatic changes or anthropogenic activity the salinization of freshwaters will likely increase. The experiments presented in this study served to find out whether eggs and larvae of both species can develop in brackish water. For this purpose, eggs of both species were kept at four different salinities from 0.5–1.5% and the development duration, hatching curves and growth rates as well as mortality were recorded and compared to respective data from an earlier experiment conducted in tap water. It was possible to investigate whether embryonic development, the hatching behaviour and larval growth are disturbed by different salinity levels compared to rearing in freshwater. We found for both species that the eggs can develop at different salt concentrations up to 1.5% and the larvae survive and grow in the brackish water. Especially for S. striolatum a slightly increased salinity even seems to be advantageous compared to rearing in tap water shown by high hatching and survival rates. The results of this study add some knowledge about the influencing effects of salt on both species. It seems that low salt concentrations seem to be well tolerated by both species or become even beneficial for S. striolatum. Furthermore, the results provide methodological aspects about the rearing of young dragonfly larvae.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139274876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-14DOI: 10.48156/1388.2023.1917229
Nikola Góral, Bogusław Daraż, Trobjon Makhkamov, Mirosława Dabert, Rafał Bernard
The taxonomic status of the Central Asian damselfly Calopteryx samarcandica was determined on the basis of molecular and phenotypic data from the Kugitang Mountains, SE Uzbekistan. Molecular analyses (COI and 18S rDNA, ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) revealed that C. samarcandica forms part of a clade that includes taxa treated in the literature as subspecies of Calopteryx splendens and/or related species. However, both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA confirmed that C. samarcandica deserves separate species status. The COI distance to C. splendens (including C. xanthostoma) is moderate (3.47%, K2P), but much greater than the internal distances between the sequences qualified in C. splendens (0.4%); this difference is supported by the low values of the barcoding gap in this genus. The rather distant separation of C. samarcandica from both C. splendens (ancilla, taurica, intermedia) and C. orientalis and the length of the samarcandica-branch recognisable in nuclear rDNA strengthen the independent position of the first species. The phylogenetic position of C. samarcandica in the genus Calopteryx remains unclear due to the low variability of nuclear rDNA markers and insufficient and partly incomparable data for other taxa. The molecular data support the phenotypic and ecological specificity of C. samarcandica, defined by a diagnostic combination of its traits (male and female wing colours and large size and basal diffusion of the wing spot in males) and the conservative association with groundwater-fed natural watercourses in the mountains and foothills fringing the vast Central Asian mountain block.
{"title":"Taxonomic status of the Central Asian damselfly Calopteryx samarcandica Bartenev, 1912 (Odonata: Calopterygidae)","authors":"Nikola Góral, Bogusław Daraż, Trobjon Makhkamov, Mirosława Dabert, Rafał Bernard","doi":"10.48156/1388.2023.1917229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2023.1917229","url":null,"abstract":"The taxonomic status of the Central Asian damselfly Calopteryx samarcandica was determined on the basis of molecular and phenotypic data from the Kugitang Mountains, SE Uzbekistan. Molecular analyses (COI and 18S rDNA, ITS1-5.8S rDNA-ITS2) revealed that C. samarcandica forms part of a clade that includes taxa treated in the literature as subspecies of Calopteryx splendens and/or related species. However, both mitochondrial and nuclear DNA confirmed that C. samarcandica deserves separate species status. The COI distance to C. splendens (including C. xanthostoma) is moderate (3.47%, K2P), but much greater than the internal distances between the sequences qualified in C. splendens (0.4%); this difference is supported by the low values of the barcoding gap in this genus. The rather distant separation of C. samarcandica from both C. splendens (ancilla, taurica, intermedia) and C. orientalis and the length of the samarcandica-branch recognisable in nuclear rDNA strengthen the independent position of the first species. The phylogenetic position of C. samarcandica in the genus Calopteryx remains unclear due to the low variability of nuclear rDNA markers and insufficient and partly incomparable data for other taxa. The molecular data support the phenotypic and ecological specificity of C. samarcandica, defined by a diagnostic combination of its traits (male and female wing colours and large size and basal diffusion of the wing spot in males) and the conservative association with groundwater-fed natural watercourses in the mountains and foothills fringing the vast Central Asian mountain block.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134991849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-13DOI: 10.48156/1388.2023.1917232
Georg Rüppell, Dagmar Hilfert-Rüppell
Different flight manoeuvres of males of Calopteryx splendens were analysed by means of slow-motion filming. The wingbeat frequencies of males flying in tandem were higher than those of single flying males. A male exhibited the highest frequencies when carrying a Blue Featherleg tandem over a distance of 20–25 cm. The widest range of variability of values of wingbeat frequencies were recorded in threatening flight, probably due to the simultaneous communicative function of the wings during that behaviour. The upstroke/downstroke ratio of the wings allows to draw conclusions on their aerodynamic effect. It was low in pursuing flight, which is when more thrust is needed, and it was high in flight with an additional load (a Featherleg tandem) when a lot of lift was necessary. Both sexes exhibited wing standstills during forward flight. In males, the variability of the duration of wing standstills was widest, probably due to the communicative function of their blue wings. Because males engage in threatening displays their flight was very irregular and unsteady. In contrast, females were much more regular in their flight, which may explain why they win most pursuit races with males.
{"title":"Double function of flight in Calopteryx splendens (Odonata: Calopterygidae) males","authors":"Georg Rüppell, Dagmar Hilfert-Rüppell","doi":"10.48156/1388.2023.1917232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2023.1917232","url":null,"abstract":"Different flight manoeuvres of males of Calopteryx splendens were analysed by means of slow-motion filming. The wingbeat frequencies of males flying in tandem were higher than those of single flying males. A male exhibited the highest frequencies when carrying a Blue Featherleg tandem over a distance of 20–25 cm. The widest range of variability of values of wingbeat frequencies were recorded in threatening flight, probably due to the simultaneous communicative function of the wings during that behaviour. The upstroke/downstroke ratio of the wings allows to draw conclusions on their aerodynamic effect. It was low in pursuing flight, which is when more thrust is needed, and it was high in flight with an additional load (a Featherleg tandem) when a lot of lift was necessary. Both sexes exhibited wing standstills during forward flight. In males, the variability of the duration of wing standstills was widest, probably due to the communicative function of their blue wings. Because males engage in threatening displays their flight was very irregular and unsteady. In contrast, females were much more regular in their flight, which may explain why they win most pursuit races with males.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136283656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-10DOI: 10.48156/1388.2023.1917226
Luisa Ferreira Nunes, Tomás Santamaría, Patricia Casanueva, Luis Fernando Sánchez-Sastre, Manuel Ferreras-Romero, Ángel Romero, Francisco Campos, Ángeles Hernández
Some structural characters, such as wing venation, have been used in odonates to differentiate taxa. In Cordulegaster boltonii, a species widely distributed throughout the western Palaearctic, the main characteristics of its wing venation have not been quantified until now. A six-variable analysis of wing venation (number of antenodal and postnodal cross-veins, number of cells in the anal triangle and in the anal loop) in specimens from several European countries was carried out. The results showed that: (a) females had a greater number of transversal veins and cells in the anal loop than males; (b) the values of these four variables were significantly lower in males from the Iberian Peninsula than in those from elsewhere; (c) within the Iberian Peninsula two groups of populations can be distinguished: one covers the north and the other the rest of the peninsula, the latter with two subgroups, one in the centre and one in the south and east. The number of cells in the anal loop is a valid variable for analyzing geographic differences in this species.
{"title":"Patterns of variation in wing venation of Iberian Cordulegaster boltonii (Donovan, 1807) (Odonata: Cordulegastridae)","authors":"Luisa Ferreira Nunes, Tomás Santamaría, Patricia Casanueva, Luis Fernando Sánchez-Sastre, Manuel Ferreras-Romero, Ángel Romero, Francisco Campos, Ángeles Hernández","doi":"10.48156/1388.2023.1917226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2023.1917226","url":null,"abstract":"Some structural characters, such as wing venation, have been used in odonates to differentiate taxa. In Cordulegaster boltonii, a species widely distributed throughout the western Palaearctic, the main characteristics of its wing venation have not been quantified until now. A six-variable analysis of wing venation (number of antenodal and postnodal cross-veins, number of cells in the anal triangle and in the anal loop) in specimens from several European countries was carried out. The results showed that: (a) females had a greater number of transversal veins and cells in the anal loop than males; (b) the values of these four variables were significantly lower in males from the Iberian Peninsula than in those from elsewhere; (c) within the Iberian Peninsula two groups of populations can be distinguished: one covers the north and the other the rest of the peninsula, the latter with two subgroups, one in the centre and one in the south and east. The number of cells in the anal loop is a valid variable for analyzing geographic differences in this species.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135136918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.48156/1388.2023.1917223
Arjèn E. van’t Hof, Ola M. Fincke
The evolution of sibling cannibalism as a maternal strategy is particularly challenging to explain when nurseries are shared among multiple females. Such is the case for the damselfly, Megaloprepus caerulatus, whose females lay eggs in bark above the water line in large, water-filled tree holes. Asynchronous egg hatching appears to be a maternal bet-hedging strategy to increase the chances that cannibalistic offspring hatch during windows of opportunity, which occur after the remaining large larvae emerge, having eaten all others. We investigated the proximate causes of asynchronous hatching. By monitoring the pattern of egg hatching under ambient temperature in an insectary, we found that egg hatching co-occurred with lower ambient temperatures, which decreased with increasing rainfall. Treating fully developed eggs to a lower temperature for two hours triggered increased hatching relative to controls at ambient temperature. Dissection of control clutches indicated that embryonic development of siblings was asynchronous. Results suggested that the hatching trigger is adaptive. Rainfall assures a recharge of the larval habitat with water and provides wet conditions essential for neonate mobility on bark. Only 40% of neonates in a 4-day drying treatment survived; none survived the 8- and 14-day treatments. This novel hatching trigger should increase the number of neonates entering the nursery after rains, constraining a mother’s control over the timing of egg hatch, while increasing the competition among related and unrelated offspring for limited windows of opportunity in the shared nursery.
{"title":"Novel hatching cue in the neotropical damselfly Megaloprepus caerulatus: larval adaptation and maternal constraint","authors":"Arjèn E. van’t Hof, Ola M. Fincke","doi":"10.48156/1388.2023.1917223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2023.1917223","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of sibling cannibalism as a maternal strategy is particularly challenging to explain when nurseries are shared among multiple females. Such is the case for the damselfly, Megaloprepus caerulatus, whose females lay eggs in bark above the water line in large, water-filled tree holes. Asynchronous egg hatching appears to be a maternal bet-hedging strategy to increase the chances that cannibalistic offspring hatch during windows of opportunity, which occur after the remaining large larvae emerge, having eaten all others. We investigated the proximate causes of asynchronous hatching. By monitoring the pattern of egg hatching under ambient temperature in an insectary, we found that egg hatching co-occurred with lower ambient temperatures, which decreased with increasing rainfall. Treating fully developed eggs to a lower temperature for two hours triggered increased hatching relative to controls at ambient temperature. Dissection of control clutches indicated that embryonic development of siblings was asynchronous. Results suggested that the hatching trigger is adaptive. Rainfall assures a recharge of the larval habitat with water and provides wet conditions essential for neonate mobility on bark. Only 40% of neonates in a 4-day drying treatment survived; none survived the 8- and 14-day treatments. This novel hatching trigger should increase the number of neonates entering the nursery after rains, constraining a mother’s control over the timing of egg hatch, while increasing the competition among related and unrelated offspring for limited windows of opportunity in the shared nursery.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.48156/1388.2023.1917220
Wade B. Worthen, Mekhi D. Harrell
In the damselfly Calopteryx maculata, territorial males court potential mates and guard ovipositing females near the surface of the water. We conducted a survey and an experiment to determine whether there was a relationship between territoriality (site fidelity and agonistic behavior) and perch height. In the survey, males were captured, numbered, and released, and their perch height and location along a stream was noted for two weeks. Mean perch height was positively correlated with total distance travelled and negatively correlated with the number and percentage of times observed at the same site. Males that travelled less than 4 m had a significantly lower mean perch height than males that travelled more than 4 m. We conclude that males with greater site fidelity perch lower than males that travel widely. To test for a relationship between agonistic behavior and perch height, live male and female decoys, and a stick control, were run along a 20 m zip-line at two heights (25 cm and 75 cm), and the responses of resident males were recorded. Resident males that perched low (< 1 m high) approached decoys more often than resident males that perched high, and low-flying decoys were approached more than high-flying decoys. We conclude that territorial males—identified by greater site fidelity and agonistic behavior—perch lower than other males and are particularly responsive to low flying intruders. The benefits and costs of perching low and responding to low-flying intruders are discussed.
{"title":"Differences in perch height and response to intruders for territorial and non-territorial Calopteryx maculata (Odonata: Calopterygidae)","authors":"Wade B. Worthen, Mekhi D. Harrell","doi":"10.48156/1388.2023.1917220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2023.1917220","url":null,"abstract":"In the damselfly Calopteryx maculata, territorial males court potential mates and guard ovipositing females near the surface of the water. We conducted a survey and an experiment to determine whether there was a relationship between territoriality (site fidelity and agonistic behavior) and perch height. In the survey, males were captured, numbered, and released, and their perch height and location along a stream was noted for two weeks. Mean perch height was positively correlated with total distance travelled and negatively correlated with the number and percentage of times observed at the same site. Males that travelled less than 4 m had a significantly lower mean perch height than males that travelled more than 4 m. We conclude that males with greater site fidelity perch lower than males that travel widely. To test for a relationship between agonistic behavior and perch height, live male and female decoys, and a stick control, were run along a 20 m zip-line at two heights (25 cm and 75 cm), and the responses of resident males were recorded. Resident males that perched low (< 1 m high) approached decoys more often than resident males that perched high, and low-flying decoys were approached more than high-flying decoys. We conclude that territorial males—identified by greater site fidelity and agonistic behavior—perch lower than other males and are particularly responsive to low flying intruders. The benefits and costs of perching low and responding to low-flying intruders are discussed.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135934373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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