Pub Date : 2022-06-22DOI: 10.48156/1388.2022.1917178
Zander A. Spigoloni, J. V. Bernardy, Leandro Schlemmer Brasil, K. Dias‐Silva, Thiago Bernardi Vieira, Paulo de Marco
Environmental management is one of the most important activities in ecological conservation at present. Faced with various socioeconomic impacts (e.g., urbanization, agriculture, and logging), practical and effective ways to analyze and determine how biodiversity is affected by these anthropogenic activities are essential. Utilizing niche theory helps to understand how similar groups of organisms respond to environmental changes based on the assumption that organisms with some niche overlap (i.e., similar resources) will respond similarly to these changes. Members of the order Odonata are frequently used as biological indicators due to their low survey costs, relatively easy taxonomic identification, and sensibility to environmental changes. In this study, using the PROTEST method, we analyze the cross-taxon congruence between Odonata and two aquatic organisms in Brazilian savanna streams: Gerromorpha and fishes. Although congruence was found between aquatic insects (~ 45%), this result changed when we only considered the species’ genera: no congruence for the aquatic insects was found, but instead we found a congruence between Odonata and fishes (~ 44%). Since Odonata showed congruence with the other groups in different taxonomical resolutions and it is a relatively easy and cheap group to collect and identify, we suggest that Odonata could be used as an indicator of disturbance for this set of organisms and hence serve as an alternative method to traditional environmental management techniques.
{"title":"Odonata Concordance amongst aquatic taxa in brazilian savanna streams","authors":"Zander A. Spigoloni, J. V. Bernardy, Leandro Schlemmer Brasil, K. Dias‐Silva, Thiago Bernardi Vieira, Paulo de Marco","doi":"10.48156/1388.2022.1917178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2022.1917178","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental management is one of the most important activities in ecological conservation at present. Faced with various socioeconomic impacts (e.g., urbanization, agriculture, and logging), practical and effective ways to analyze and determine how biodiversity is affected by these anthropogenic activities are essential. Utilizing niche theory helps to understand how similar groups of organisms respond to environmental changes based on the assumption that organisms with some niche overlap (i.e., similar resources) will respond similarly to these changes. Members of the order Odonata are frequently used as biological indicators due to their low survey costs, relatively easy taxonomic identification, and sensibility to environmental changes. In this study, using the PROTEST method, we analyze the cross-taxon congruence between Odonata and two aquatic organisms in Brazilian savanna streams: Gerromorpha and fishes. Although congruence was found between aquatic insects (~ 45%), this result changed when we only considered the species’ genera: no congruence for the aquatic insects was found, but instead we found a congruence between Odonata and fishes (~ 44%). Since Odonata showed congruence with the other groups in different taxonomical resolutions and it is a relatively easy and cheap group to collect and identify, we suggest that Odonata could be used as an indicator of disturbance for this set of organisms and hence serve as an alternative method to traditional environmental management techniques.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47811575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-14DOI: 10.48156/1388.2022.1917169
M. Hernández, P. Casanueva, L. Nunes, Tomás Santamaría, L. F. Sánchez-Sastre, M. Ferreras‐Romero, F. Campos
Within wide geographical areas, Odonata populations can show biometric differences as a consequence of both biotic (e.g., predation, competition) and abiotic factors (mainly temperature). These differences can occur in the larval stage, although reliable characters are needed to detect differences. We analyzed whether Cordulegaster boltonii larvae from 18 Iberian populations differ regarding head width and prementum size (maximum width, minimum width, and maximum length), using measurements taken on final stage exuviae. Prementum length was greater in southern populations than in northern ones. Geographic latitude and temperature were the variables that best explained this variation in females, whereas latitude and altitude above sea level offered the best explanation among males.
{"title":"Geographical variation of prementum size in Iberian Cordulegaster boltonii (Odonata: Cordulegastridae) populations","authors":"M. Hernández, P. Casanueva, L. Nunes, Tomás Santamaría, L. F. Sánchez-Sastre, M. Ferreras‐Romero, F. Campos","doi":"10.48156/1388.2022.1917169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2022.1917169","url":null,"abstract":"Within wide geographical areas, Odonata populations can show biometric differences as a consequence of both biotic (e.g., predation, competition) and abiotic factors (mainly temperature). These differences can occur in the larval stage, although reliable characters are needed to detect differences. We analyzed whether Cordulegaster boltonii larvae from 18 Iberian populations differ regarding head width and prementum size (maximum width, minimum width, and maximum length), using measurements taken on final stage exuviae. Prementum length was greater in southern populations than in northern ones. Geographic latitude and temperature were the variables that best explained this variation in females, whereas latitude and altitude above sea level offered the best explanation among males.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45010289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-11DOI: 10.48156/1388.2022.1917166
J. Ware, M. Kohli, C. M. Mendoza, Daniel Troast, H. Jinguji, K. Hobson, G. Sahlén, R. C. Anderson, F. Suhling
The global population structure and dispersal patterns of Pantala flavescens (Fabricius, 1798) are evaluated using a geographically extensive mitochondrial DNA dataset, a more limited samples of nuclear markers, wing isotopic (δ²H) data and a literature review. No spatial or temporal haplotype structure was recovered between the samples. Isotope data suggest that most samples were immigrants at the collection locations. A literature review of migration events for the species confirms regular inter-and intra-continental migrations occur (the majority reported from Asia, Africa and Australasia), with individuals and swarms dispersing thousands of kilometers over land and oceans. Migrations coincide with prevailing winds and seasonal rains, which points to a mechanism we name the “pantropical Pantala conveyor belt”, suggesting widespread gene flow is possible for an aquatic insect with excellent flying ability linked to rapid larval development.
{"title":"Evidence for widespread gene flow and migration in the Globe Skimmer dragonfly Pantala flavescens","authors":"J. Ware, M. Kohli, C. M. Mendoza, Daniel Troast, H. Jinguji, K. Hobson, G. Sahlén, R. C. Anderson, F. Suhling","doi":"10.48156/1388.2022.1917166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2022.1917166","url":null,"abstract":"The global population structure and dispersal patterns of Pantala flavescens (Fabricius, 1798) are evaluated using a geographically extensive mitochondrial DNA dataset, a more limited samples of nuclear markers, wing isotopic (δ²H) data and a literature review. No spatial or temporal haplotype structure was recovered between the samples. Isotope data suggest that most samples were immigrants at the collection locations. A literature review of migration events for the species confirms regular inter-and intra-continental migrations occur (the majority reported from Asia, Africa and Australasia), with individuals and swarms dispersing thousands of kilometers over land and oceans. Migrations coincide with prevailing winds and seasonal rains, which points to a mechanism we name the “pantropical Pantala conveyor belt”, suggesting widespread gene flow is possible for an aquatic insect with excellent flying ability linked to rapid larval development.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48780315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-02-28DOI: 10.48156/1388.2022.1917163
Norman Maldonado-Benítez, Ashley Mariani-Ríos, Alonso Ramírez
Urbanization has considerable impacts on stream ecosystems. Streams in urban settings are affected by multiple stressors such as flow modifications and loss of riparian vegetation. The richness and abundance of aquatic insects, such as odonates, directly reflect these alterations and can be used to assess urban impacts on streams. The effects of urbanization on odonate richness and abundance on tropical islands is as yet poorly understood. The objective of this study is to identify the effects of urbanization on stream habitat quality and associated odonate assemblages in Puerto Rico. We sampled 16 streams along a rural to urban gradient in the San Juan Metropolitan Area, where each stream was characterized using the Stream Visual Assessment Protocol (SVAP) for Puerto Rico and by analyzing their surrounding land cover. A 100-m segment of each stream was surveyed to assess adult odonate richness and abundance during the rainy and dry seasons. Adults were identified visually, and their abundance was recorded. Favorable local scale factors, like improved habitat quality, as measured with the SVAP, resulted in higher abundances of odonates. However, regional factors such as percent urban cover did not appear to significantly affect richness and abundances of odonates. Overall, our study indicates that odonate assemblages are affected by the loss of habitat integrity, and conservation of tropical odonates may benefit from focusing on local scale factors.
{"title":"Effects of urbanization on Odonata assemblages in tropical island streams in San Juan, Puerto Rico","authors":"Norman Maldonado-Benítez, Ashley Mariani-Ríos, Alonso Ramírez","doi":"10.48156/1388.2022.1917163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2022.1917163","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanization has considerable impacts on stream ecosystems. Streams in urban settings are affected by multiple stressors such as flow modifications and loss of riparian vegetation. The richness and abundance of aquatic insects, such as odonates, directly reflect these alterations and can be used to assess urban impacts on streams. The effects of urbanization on odonate richness and abundance on tropical islands is as yet poorly understood. The objective of this study is to identify the effects of urbanization on stream habitat quality and associated odonate assemblages in Puerto Rico. We sampled 16 streams along a rural to urban gradient in the San Juan Metropolitan Area, where each stream was characterized using the Stream Visual Assessment Protocol (SVAP) for Puerto Rico and by analyzing their surrounding land cover. A 100-m segment of each stream was surveyed to assess adult odonate richness and abundance during the rainy and dry seasons. Adults were identified visually, and their abundance was recorded. Favorable local scale factors, like improved habitat quality, as measured with the SVAP, resulted in higher abundances of odonates. However, regional factors such as percent urban cover did not appear to significantly affect richness and abundances of odonates. Overall, our study indicates that odonate assemblages are affected by the loss of habitat integrity, and conservation of tropical odonates may benefit from focusing on local scale factors.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45119412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-11DOI: 10.48156/1388.2022.1917157
T. Simonsen, Marcus Glahder, T. Pape, K. Olsen, Marie Djernæs
We reconstruct a phylogenetic framework for the zygopteran family Lestidae based on a molecular dataset comprised of sequence data from the genes COI, 16S, 18S, 28S, and ITS1+2 from 41 ingroup taxa and 8 outgroup taxa with emphasis on the systematic position of the genus Chalcolestes Kennedy. We recover Lestidae as monophyletic with good statistical support. The family falls into two subequal clades. One, comprising the genus Sympecma Burmeister and Lestes Leach sensu lato (including the genus Archilestes Selys) is poorly to moderately supported. While the other, comprising the genera Austrolestes Tillyard, Indolestes Fraser, Orolestes McLachlan, and Chalcolestes is strongly supported. Chalcolestes is recovered as sister to the Oriental genus Orolestes with strong support. Our results thus support that Chalcolestes is a valid genus not closely related to Lestes. Monophyly of Lestes requires inclusion of the New World genus Archilestes, and our results support the need for a thorough revision of Lestes.
{"title":"Rhapsody in emerald: phylogenetic framework for Lestidae with reference to the systematic position of Chalcolestes Kennedy","authors":"T. Simonsen, Marcus Glahder, T. Pape, K. Olsen, Marie Djernæs","doi":"10.48156/1388.2022.1917157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2022.1917157","url":null,"abstract":"We reconstruct a phylogenetic framework for the zygopteran family Lestidae based on a molecular dataset comprised of sequence data from the genes COI, 16S, 18S, 28S, and ITS1+2 from 41 ingroup taxa and 8 outgroup taxa with emphasis on the systematic position of the genus Chalcolestes Kennedy. We recover Lestidae as monophyletic with good statistical support. The family falls into two subequal clades. One, comprising the genus Sympecma Burmeister and Lestes Leach sensu lato (including the genus Archilestes Selys) is poorly to moderately supported. While the other, comprising the genera Austrolestes Tillyard, Indolestes Fraser, Orolestes McLachlan, and Chalcolestes is strongly supported. Chalcolestes is recovered as sister to the Oriental genus Orolestes with strong support. Our results thus support that Chalcolestes is a valid genus not closely related to Lestes. Monophyly of Lestes requires inclusion of the New World genus Archilestes, and our results support the need for a thorough revision of Lestes.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42798472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-11DOI: 10.48156/1388.2022.1917160
Rodrigo Arison Barbosa Ribeiro, L. Juen, Leandro Schlemmer Brasil
The growth of agricultural and mining activities in the Amazon has impacted land-use and caused significant changes in the local environmental conditions of streams. In the face of these changes, our study aimed at assessing how environmental changes affect Odonata larval assemblages in streams in the eastern Amazon. We hypothesized that habitat conditions in streams are strong predictors of Odonata larval assemblages. We sampled 30 headwater streams (1st through 3rd order) in the eastern Amazon. We corroborated our hypothesis that regional- and local-scale environmental changes are important predictors of the Odonata larval assemblage structure. These results indicate that environmental conditions within the stream channel are important to maintain Odonata larval assemblages, as they provide important resources for larval development. For new studies, we recommend the assessment of temporal dynamics to evaluate whether these patterns are stable across time. Finally, evaluating various environmental scales of the original impact is extremely relevant for preventing the deterioration of or recuperating aquatic assemblages in Amazonian streams, considering the ongoing rapid environmental changes and deforestation in the region. Here we demonstrate that in-stream environmental conditions are important to assemblage structure and this must be considered in environmental restoration plans.
{"title":"Habitat conditions in streams influence Odonata larval assemblages in the eastern Amazon","authors":"Rodrigo Arison Barbosa Ribeiro, L. Juen, Leandro Schlemmer Brasil","doi":"10.48156/1388.2022.1917160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2022.1917160","url":null,"abstract":"The growth of agricultural and mining activities in the Amazon has impacted land-use and caused significant changes in the local environmental conditions of streams. In the face of these changes, our study aimed at assessing how environmental changes affect Odonata larval assemblages in streams in the eastern Amazon. We hypothesized that habitat conditions in streams are strong predictors of Odonata larval assemblages. We sampled 30 headwater streams (1st through 3rd order) in the eastern Amazon. We corroborated our hypothesis that regional- and local-scale environmental changes are important predictors of the Odonata larval assemblage structure. These results indicate that environmental conditions within the stream channel are important to maintain Odonata larval assemblages, as they provide important resources for larval development. For new studies, we recommend the assessment of temporal dynamics to evaluate whether these patterns are stable across time. Finally, evaluating various environmental scales of the original impact is extremely relevant for preventing the deterioration of or recuperating aquatic assemblages in Amazonian streams, considering the ongoing rapid environmental changes and deforestation in the region. Here we demonstrate that in-stream environmental conditions are important to assemblage structure and this must be considered in environmental restoration plans.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42808402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.48156/1388.2022.1917154
Mingzi Xu, O. Fincke
In sexual conflict, males are often thought to gain fitness benefits from harassing females over mating. Yet when harassment itself incurs costs to males and if alternative, receptive females are available in a local population, theory predicts that when confronted with a female refusal, a male’s choice of persisting or retreating is determined in part by the likelihood of achieving a mating. We tested that prediction in the damselfly Enallagma hageni, whose males compete by intense scramble competition, resulting in widespread mating harassment toward females, which have a high level of control over mating. Using captive individuals of E. hageni in outdoor insectaries, we quantified male persistence in mating after refusals by pre- and post-oviposition focal females whose egg content we quantified after observations. We documented a novel, context-dependent head-turning refusal signal of sexual non-receptivity, most often displayed in tandem pairs by post-oviposition females that typically carried few mature eggs for males to fertilize. Male persistence was less likely to result in mating with post-oviposition females compared with pre-oviposition females carrying a clutch of mature eggs. Accordingly, males were less likely to persist following refusal signals given by post-oviposition females, supporting the theoretical prediction. Compared with a refusal signal known as wing spread, head-turning was significantly more effective in deterring harassing males. Our results suggest that despite on-going sexual conflict over mating, cooperation benefits both sexes when females use the honest signal of non-receptivity because they carry few mature eggs that males could fertilize.
{"title":"To harass or to respect: the economy of male persistence despite female refusal in a damselfly with scramble mate competition","authors":"Mingzi Xu, O. Fincke","doi":"10.48156/1388.2022.1917154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2022.1917154","url":null,"abstract":"In sexual conflict, males are often thought to gain fitness benefits from harassing females over mating. Yet when harassment itself incurs costs to males and if alternative, receptive females are available in a local population, theory predicts that when confronted with a female refusal, a male’s choice of persisting or retreating is determined in part by the likelihood of achieving a mating. We tested that prediction in the damselfly Enallagma hageni, whose males compete by intense scramble competition, resulting in widespread mating harassment toward females, which have a high level of control over mating. Using captive individuals of E. hageni in outdoor insectaries, we quantified male persistence in mating after refusals by pre- and post-oviposition focal females whose egg content we quantified after observations. We documented a novel, context-dependent head-turning refusal signal of sexual non-receptivity, most often displayed in tandem pairs by post-oviposition females that typically carried few mature eggs for males to fertilize. Male persistence was less likely to result in mating with post-oviposition females compared with pre-oviposition females carrying a clutch of mature eggs. Accordingly, males were less likely to persist following refusal signals given by post-oviposition females, supporting the theoretical prediction. Compared with a refusal signal known as wing spread, head-turning was significantly more effective in deterring harassing males. Our results suggest that despite on-going sexual conflict over mating, cooperation benefits both sexes when females use the honest signal of non-receptivity because they carry few mature eggs that males could fertilize.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70562668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-10DOI: 10.48156/1388.2022.1917151
Kaewpawika Rattanachan, N. Sangpradub, Tosaphol Saetung Keetapithchayakul
Vestalis gracilis (Rambur, 1842) is a forest stream damselfly belonging to the family Calopterygidae. Its last-stadium larvae and exuviae are described and illustrated based on laboratory-raised specimens from Thailand, and observations of agonistic behavior are provided. The taxonomical characters of V. gracilis larvae are similar to those of V. amoena. They exhibit synapomorphic characters such as posterlaterally directed protuberances on the postocular lobes, posterior margin of median lamella obliquely truncate, and two setae on labial palps. Vestalis gracilis and V. luctuosa bear eight antennal segments whereas seven antennal segments are found in V. amoena. The most significant difference between V. gracilis and V. luctuosa is that V. luctuosa has posterolaterally directed protuberances on the postocular lobes and an obliquely truncate posterior margin of the median lamella.
{"title":"Description of the larva of Vestalis gracilis (Rambur, 1842) (Zygoptera: Calopterygidae) from Thailand","authors":"Kaewpawika Rattanachan, N. Sangpradub, Tosaphol Saetung Keetapithchayakul","doi":"10.48156/1388.2022.1917151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48156/1388.2022.1917151","url":null,"abstract":"Vestalis gracilis (Rambur, 1842) is a forest stream damselfly belonging to the family Calopterygidae. Its last-stadium larvae and exuviae are described and illustrated based on laboratory-raised specimens from Thailand, and observations of agonistic behavior are provided. The taxonomical characters of V. gracilis larvae are similar to those of V. amoena. They exhibit synapomorphic characters such as posterlaterally directed protuberances on the postocular lobes, posterior margin of median lamella obliquely truncate, and two setae on labial palps. Vestalis gracilis and V. luctuosa bear eight antennal segments whereas seven antennal segments are found in V. amoena. The most significant difference between V. gracilis and V. luctuosa is that V. luctuosa has posterolaterally directed protuberances on the postocular lobes and an obliquely truncate posterior margin of the median lamella.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42818086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As warm-adapted insects of tropical origin, Odonata cope with cold periods by seasonal regulation and diapause. A model for larval-overwintering species is proposed with three response patterns related to the timing of emergence, which can be predicted from seasonal cues during the last few stadia. For emergence during the present season, there is an often time-constrained preemergence development, accelerated by long days and higher temperatures. In regulatory development, emergence is postponed to the next season, and a complex of diapause-like delays controlled by photoperiod and temperature prevents premature emergence. Instead, development converges on a winter diapause in sizes suitable for emergence during the following year. Long days are particularly delaying, and thermal responses are variable, sometimes inverted. In early development, with rapid growth, emergence is usually not predicted to season, but short-day winter diapauses may occur, and precocious preparations for a penultimate winter may be predictive. Thermal responses are steep, extremely so if a short-day diapause is suppressed by higher temperatures. Other physiological and also behavioural properties may differ between response patterns. Changes in photoperiod and temperature control the timing of seasonal events, and the transition from regulatory to pre-emergence development follows the increase in temperature and photoperiod after winter, which is an important time-setter. Interactions of larval size, photoperiod, temperature and previous changes affect development rate, and long-term constant conditions often end in regulatory diapauses. Proximate mechanisms of cohort splitting and the implications of the model for design and interpretation of experiments are discussed.
{"title":"Growth, winter preparations and timing of emergence in temperate zone Odonata: control by a succession of larval response patterns","authors":"Ulf Norling","doi":"10.23797/2159-6719_24_1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23797/2159-6719_24_1","url":null,"abstract":"As warm-adapted insects of tropical origin, Odonata cope with cold periods by seasonal regulation and diapause. A model for larval-overwintering species is proposed with three response patterns related to the timing of emergence, which can be predicted from seasonal cues during the last few stadia. For emergence during the present season, there is an often time-constrained preemergence development, accelerated by long days and higher temperatures. In regulatory development, emergence is postponed to the next season, and a complex of diapause-like delays controlled by photoperiod and temperature prevents premature emergence. Instead, development converges on a winter diapause in sizes suitable for emergence during the following year. Long days are particularly delaying, and thermal responses are variable, sometimes inverted. In early development, with rapid growth, emergence is usually not predicted to season, but short-day winter diapauses may occur, and precocious preparations for a penultimate winter may be predictive. Thermal responses are steep, extremely so if a short-day diapause is suppressed by higher temperatures. Other physiological and also behavioural properties may differ between response patterns. Changes in photoperiod and temperature control the timing of seasonal events, and the transition from regulatory to pre-emergence development follows the increase in temperature and photoperiod after winter, which is an important time-setter. Interactions of larval size, photoperiod, temperature and previous changes affect development rate, and long-term constant conditions often end in regulatory diapauses. Proximate mechanisms of cohort splitting and the implications of the model for design and interpretation of experiments are discussed.","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45668665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Inpabasis intermedia sp. n. (holotype ♂: Peru, Loreto Región) is described and illustrated. An illustrated key to both sexes is given for all members of the genus. Males of I. intermedia can be distinguished from its congeners by the angled division laterally between dark and light areas of the pterothorax, by the short unbranched paraprocts and rounded cerci which bear only a small apical tooth and by the genital ligula with two long apical processes ending in a flattened hook. Females can be distinguished by the dorsoposteriorly directed posterior prothoracic lobe with straight hind margin. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:18F2C9D3-28BC-4329-A001-657860A858AB
{"title":"Inpabasis intermedia, a new species of damselfly from Peru (Odonata: Coenagrionidae); with an illustrated key to all known Inpabasis-species","authors":"T. Faasen","doi":"10.23797/2159-6719_24_7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23797/2159-6719_24_7","url":null,"abstract":"Inpabasis intermedia sp. n. (holotype ♂: Peru, Loreto Región) is described and illustrated. An illustrated key to both sexes is given for all members of the genus. Males of I. intermedia can be distinguished from its congeners by the angled division laterally between dark and light areas of the pterothorax, by the short unbranched paraprocts and rounded cerci which bear only a small apical tooth and by the genital ligula with two long apical processes ending in a flattened hook. Females can be distinguished by the dorsoposteriorly directed posterior prothoracic lobe with straight hind margin. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:18F2C9D3-28BC-4329-A001-657860A858AB","PeriodicalId":50297,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Odonatology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46292060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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