C. Oddsdóttir, E. Sturludóttir, Ó. Sigurðardóttir, Brynja Valgeirsdóttir, E. Eyjólfsdóttir, S. Björnsdóttir
Environmental monitoring by aluminium smelters in Iceland has included fluoride analysis of sheep and horse mandibles. Statistical modelling was done retrospectively on fluoride analyses of sheep and horses from 2007 to 2019. Relationships between the fluoride concentration in bone tissue and the age and the regional origin of the animals were investigated, along with the effect of proximity to aluminium smelters. Furthermore, the development of fluoride accumulation in sheep mandibles through the years and pathological changes were explored. A positive correlation was found between age and fluoride concentration, with a decline after a certain age. Fluoride concentration was highest in areas with aluminium smelters, in sheep in the Southwest and East of Iceland and in horses in the Southwest. Fluoride concentration in lambs around a Southwest smelter decreased significantly during 2007-2014. Pathological changes compatible with fluorosis were seen in the tooth enamel of sheep from around the smelter, in connection with an accidental burst of emissions in August 2006. Keywords: Domestic animals, environmental monitoring, fluorosis, herbivores, Iceland, pathology
{"title":"Accumulation of fluoride in Icelandic sheep and horses 2007-2019 and the effect of proximity to aluminium smelters","authors":"C. Oddsdóttir, E. Sturludóttir, Ó. Sigurðardóttir, Brynja Valgeirsdóttir, E. Eyjólfsdóttir, S. Björnsdóttir","doi":"10.16886/ias.2023.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16886/ias.2023.01","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental monitoring by aluminium smelters in Iceland has included fluoride analysis of sheep and horse mandibles. Statistical modelling was done retrospectively on fluoride analyses of sheep and horses from 2007 to 2019. Relationships between the fluoride concentration in bone tissue and the age and the regional origin of the animals were investigated, along with the effect of proximity to aluminium smelters. Furthermore, the development of fluoride accumulation in sheep mandibles through the years and pathological changes were explored. A positive correlation was found between age and fluoride concentration, with a decline after a certain age. Fluoride concentration was highest in areas with aluminium smelters, in sheep in the Southwest and East of Iceland and in horses in the Southwest. Fluoride concentration in lambs around a Southwest smelter decreased significantly during 2007-2014. Pathological changes compatible with fluorosis were seen in the tooth enamel of sheep from around the smelter, in connection with an accidental burst of emissions in August 2006. Keywords: Domestic animals, environmental monitoring, fluorosis, herbivores, Iceland, pathology","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67597893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During 2008 to 2016, five polar bears (Ursus maritimus) swam from the East Greenland population to Iceland and were shot soon after walking ashore. Each bear was dissected. Ectoparasites were searched for in their ears and fur, helminths in the gastrointestinal tract and Trichinella larvae in muscles. Protozoan cysts, oocysts and helminth eggs were also searched for in faecal samples. No ectoparasites were detected. Two bears (40%) hosted fourth stage larvae of the nematode Contracaecum osculatum (strain B) in the stomach. Characteristic scars, noted as craters in the rectum wall, indicated previous acanthocephalan infection in one bear. Three polar bears were infected by the nematode Trichinella nativa. No protozoan parasites were detected in faecal samples, but cysts of the heterokontophyte Blastocystis sp. were found in faeces of two bears (40%). This is the first report of C. osculatum, Blastocystis sp. and an acanthocephalan infection in free-living polar bears. Keywords: Iceland, parasites, Ursus maritimus, polar bear, vagrant, new host records
{"title":"Parasites of five vagrant Polar bears (Ursus maritimus) swimming to Iceland during 2008 to 2016","authors":"K. Skírnisson, D. Jouet","doi":"10.16886/ias.2023.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16886/ias.2023.02","url":null,"abstract":"During 2008 to 2016, five polar bears (Ursus maritimus) swam from the East Greenland population to Iceland and were shot soon after walking ashore. Each bear was dissected. Ectoparasites were searched for in their ears and fur, helminths in the gastrointestinal tract and Trichinella larvae in muscles. Protozoan cysts, oocysts and helminth eggs were also searched for in faecal samples. No ectoparasites were detected. Two bears (40%) hosted fourth stage larvae of the nematode Contracaecum osculatum (strain B) in the stomach. Characteristic scars, noted as craters in the rectum wall, indicated previous acanthocephalan infection in one bear. Three polar bears were infected by the nematode Trichinella nativa. No protozoan parasites were detected in faecal samples, but cysts of the heterokontophyte Blastocystis sp. were found in faeces of two bears (40%). This is the first report of C. osculatum, Blastocystis sp. and an acanthocephalan infection in free-living polar bears. Keywords: Iceland, parasites, Ursus maritimus, polar bear, vagrant, new host records","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67597936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdubakir U Kushbokov, Isabel C Barrio, Ingibjörg S Jónsdóttir
{"title":"Estimating the effects of grazing exclusion on the seed bank in Icelandic rangelands","authors":"Abdubakir U Kushbokov, Isabel C Barrio, Ingibjörg S Jónsdóttir","doi":"10.16886/ias.2023.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16886/ias.2023.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135562347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brynja Hrafnkelsdóttir, Edda S Oddsdóttir, Gudmundur Halldórsson
The distribution of Ceramica pisi has been expanding in Iceland after 1990, concurrent with a recent rise in mean annual temperature. A previous study showed that the winter survival of C. pisi is primarily related to pupal mass. We monitored the development of C. pisi larvae over cool, mild, and warm summers in southern Iceland and calculated the total mass-related survival of C. pisi larvae/pupae through pupation and winter. A significant positive relationship was found between a) summer growing degree days and the proportion of larvae that reached critical mass for winter survival, and b) larval mass and likelihood of pupation. We conclude that increased summer temperature is the primary cause of the distribution range shift of C. pisi in Iceland, and this has facilitated increased population density of the species, in combination with increased availability of food resources due to host shift over to Nootka lupin.
{"title":"The effect of summer temperature on the distribution of Ceramica pisi (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Iceland","authors":"Brynja Hrafnkelsdóttir, Edda S Oddsdóttir, Gudmundur Halldórsson","doi":"10.16886/ias.2023.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16886/ias.2023.04","url":null,"abstract":"The distribution of Ceramica pisi has been expanding in Iceland after 1990, concurrent with a recent rise in mean annual temperature. A previous study showed that the winter survival of C. pisi is primarily related to pupal mass. We monitored the development of C. pisi larvae over cool, mild, and warm summers in southern Iceland and calculated the total mass-related survival of C. pisi larvae/pupae through pupation and winter. A significant positive relationship was found between a) summer growing degree days and the proportion of larvae that reached critical mass for winter survival, and b) larval mass and likelihood of pupation. We conclude that increased summer temperature is the primary cause of the distribution range shift of C. pisi in Iceland, and this has facilitated increased population density of the species, in combination with increased availability of food resources due to host shift over to Nootka lupin.","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135562062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：