Pub Date : 2020-04-10DOI: 10.1002/9781119427155.ch14
{"title":"Glacial Features of the South and Southeastern Regions","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119427155.ch14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119427155.ch14","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90554500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-10DOI: 10.1002/9781119427155.ch6
{"title":"Tectonics of the Western Region","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119427155.ch6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119427155.ch6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"183 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86102548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-10DOI: 10.1002/9781119427155.ch15
{"title":"Glacial Features of the Northern and Western Regions","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119427155.ch15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119427155.ch15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"272 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781119427155.ch15","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72429152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-10DOI: 10.1002/9781119427155.ch13
{"title":"Glacial Features of the Reykjanes Peninsula and Southwestern Region","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119427155.ch13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119427155.ch13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77964455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-10DOI: 10.1002/9781119427155.ch8
{"title":"Volcanics of the Reykjanes Peninsula and Southwestern Region","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/9781119427155.ch8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119427155.ch8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89284162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eyjólfur Ingvi Bjarnason, L. S. Eikje, G. Klemetsdal
{"title":"Stochastic simulation of sheep breeding schemes for Iceland, with a focus on ewe trait improvement","authors":"Eyjólfur Ingvi Bjarnason, L. S. Eikje, G. Klemetsdal","doi":"10.16886/ias.2020.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16886/ias.2020.03","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"2020 1","pages":"25-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67597768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Óskarsson, G. Gunnarsdóttir, Járngerður Grétarsdóttir
{"title":"Peatland restoration: Revegetating disturbed areas by means of fresh seed-containing hay application","authors":"H. Óskarsson, G. Gunnarsdóttir, Járngerður Grétarsdóttir","doi":"10.16886/ias.2020.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16886/ias.2020.04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"2020 1","pages":"35-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67597784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP) is one of the most important regions of the earth’s ecosystem that is vulnerable to climate and human activities due to its complex climate and terrain. However, knowledge about soil bacterial communities and their effect on the ecosystem within the QTP environments is still scarce. Metagenomic approaches on the structure and diversity of bacterial communities and their relationship with the environment from eighteen selected sites of the five major QTP ecosystems (gray-cinnamon soils, chernozems, castanozems, mountain meadow soils, gray desert soils) are presented in this paper. The dominant bacterial phyla in five type soils were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, whereas Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi predominated in gray desert soils. The bacteria diversity in castanozeras and mountain meadow soils was significantly higher than that of the other three soil types (P < 0.05). Phylogenetic diversity in gray desert soil was significantly lower than that of other four soil types (P < 0.05). Phylotype richness was the lowest in gray-cinnamon soils. There were significant correlations between the phylotype richness and soil moisture (r = -0.578) and potassium (r = -0.529). Phylogenetic diversity (PD) was significantly correlated with total organic carbon (r = -0.548). The redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the diversity and composition in the bacterial communities differed greatly among the five soil types and that they were closely correlated with the soil moisture, soil organic carbon and potassium. These results indicated that the bacterial community structures of QTP soils were obviously influenced by soil characteristics and soil environmental characteristics and provided a theoretical basis for the optimal management and sustainable utilization of the QTP soil ecosystem, which is of great significance.
{"title":"Pyrosequencing investigation into the bacterial communities in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau soils associated with soil characteristic factors","authors":"Liang Cheng, Xin Wang, Qing Guo","doi":"10.16886/ias.2020.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16886/ias.2020.06","url":null,"abstract":"The Qinghai Tibet Plateau (QTP) is one of the most important regions of the earth’s ecosystem that is vulnerable to climate and human activities due to its complex climate and terrain. However, knowledge about soil bacterial communities and their effect on the ecosystem within the QTP environments is still scarce. Metagenomic approaches on the structure and diversity of bacterial communities and their relationship with the environment from eighteen selected sites of the five major QTP ecosystems (gray-cinnamon soils, chernozems, castanozems, mountain meadow soils, gray desert soils) are presented in this paper. The dominant bacterial phyla in five type soils were Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, whereas Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi predominated in gray desert soils. The bacteria diversity in castanozeras and mountain meadow soils was significantly higher than that of the other three soil types (P < 0.05). Phylogenetic diversity in gray desert soil was significantly lower than that of other four soil types (P < 0.05). Phylotype richness was the lowest in gray-cinnamon soils. There were significant correlations between the phylotype richness and soil moisture (r = -0.578) and potassium (r = -0.529). Phylogenetic diversity (PD) was significantly correlated with total organic carbon (r = -0.548). The redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that the diversity and composition in the bacterial communities differed greatly among the five soil types and that they were closely correlated with the soil moisture, soil organic carbon and potassium. These results indicated that the bacterial community structures of QTP soils were obviously influenced by soil characteristics and soil environmental characteristics and provided a theoretical basis for the optimal management and sustainable utilization of the QTP soil ecosystem, which is of great significance.","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"57-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67597868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For centuries flocks of free-ranging hens, Gallus gallus, have been kept on farms in rural Iceland and egglaying hens are occasionally kept in backyards in urban areas. Studies on poultry parasites started in Iceland in the late 1940s, but have been sporadic since the 1970. Recently, 18 birds from nine flocks were examined for endoand ectoparasites. An eimerid, a nematode, three mites and four mallophagan species were identified. However, altogether, 22 parasite species have been reported from poultry in Iceland; Cryptosporidium, at least three eimerids, two flagellates, six nematodes, five mallophagans, three acarines, a bed bug, and at least one flea species. Haematozoans, trematodes, cestodes, and acanthocephalans have never been detected. Additional dozens of other species parasitize poultry elsewhere in the world, many of them causing severe diseases that demand use of environmentally harmful compounds. Strict import regulations and active surveillance have to be imposed to prevent the introduction of these parasites into Iceland.
{"title":"Past and present status of poultry parasites in Iceland","authors":"K. Skírnisson, G. R. Pálsdóttir","doi":"10.16886/ias.2020.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16886/ias.2020.01","url":null,"abstract":"For centuries flocks of free-ranging hens, Gallus gallus, have been kept on farms in rural Iceland and egglaying hens are occasionally kept in backyards in urban areas. Studies on poultry parasites started in Iceland in the late 1940s, but have been sporadic since the 1970. Recently, 18 birds from nine flocks were examined for endoand ectoparasites. An eimerid, a nematode, three mites and four mallophagan species were identified. However, altogether, 22 parasite species have been reported from poultry in Iceland; Cryptosporidium, at least three eimerids, two flagellates, six nematodes, five mallophagans, three acarines, a bed bug, and at least one flea species. Haematozoans, trematodes, cestodes, and acanthocephalans have never been detected. Additional dozens of other species parasitize poultry elsewhere in the world, many of them causing severe diseases that demand use of environmentally harmful compounds. Strict import regulations and active surveillance have to be imposed to prevent the introduction of these parasites into Iceland.","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"33 1","pages":"3-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67597709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Thirty-seven dairy cows of the Icelandic breed were used in a change-over design experiment. The aim was to analyse the effects of moderate addition of high-palmitic acid (C16:0) fat supplement to a grass silage-based diet. There were three experimental treatments: a treatment with the fat supplement as powder (FAPOW); a treatment with the fat supplement in pelleted concentrate (FAPEL); and a control treatment (CONTROL). Milk protein content was significantly lower, and there was a tendency (p<0.10) toward a higher milk fat content in the fat treatments. This resulted in significantly higher milk fat:protein ratio in the fat treatments compared to the control (FAPOW 1.21 and FAPEL 1.20; CONTROL 1.15). A significant reduction in the ratio of casein in milk protein due to fat addition explains the reduction in milk protein. The concentration of free fatty acids in milk was higher in the fat treatments, especially FAPEL. The ratio of C16:0 in total fatty acids was increased by the fat treatments.
{"title":"Effect of a high-palmitic acid fat supplement on milk production in Icelandic dairy cows fed grass silage-based diet","authors":"J. Sveinbjörnsson, Hrafnhildur Baldursdóttir","doi":"10.16886/ias.2020.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16886/ias.2020.02","url":null,"abstract":"Thirty-seven dairy cows of the Icelandic breed were used in a change-over design experiment. The aim was to analyse the effects of moderate addition of high-palmitic acid (C16:0) fat supplement to a grass silage-based diet. There were three experimental treatments: a treatment with the fat supplement as powder (FAPOW); a treatment with the fat supplement in pelleted concentrate (FAPEL); and a control treatment (CONTROL). Milk protein content was significantly lower, and there was a tendency (p<0.10) toward a higher milk fat content in the fat treatments. This resulted in significantly higher milk fat:protein ratio in the fat treatments compared to the control (FAPOW 1.21 and FAPEL 1.20; CONTROL 1.15). A significant reduction in the ratio of casein in milk protein due to fat addition explains the reduction in milk protein. The concentration of free fatty acids in milk was higher in the fat treatments, especially FAPEL. The ratio of C16:0 in total fatty acids was increased by the fat treatments.","PeriodicalId":50396,"journal":{"name":"Icelandic Agricultural Sciences","volume":"2020 1","pages":"15-24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67597723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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