Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2023.2189527
R. Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Sebastián Pérez Díaz, J. A. López Sáez
Raña de El Carrizal mire (39° 26 ʹ55.56" N, 4° 27 ʹ 28.55" W; 790 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) is located in the ‘Sierra de Enmedio’ range, one of the ranges composing the ‘El Chorito’ range. It belongs within the Retuerta del Bullaque municipalty, in Ciudad Real province, Castilla-La Mancha, in the centre of the Toledo Mountains. This mire occupies 0.22 ha and it is not protected under any conservation plan, despite its position close to a historical cattle track. This area is under the influence of a typical Mediterranean climate, with warm and dry summers and cold and wet winters. Irregular rainfalls reach their maximum values in winter. The mean annual temperature is around 14‒15 °C, while the annual precipitation is 600‒700 mm. Vegetation surrounding the mire is typically Mediterranean: woodlands mainly composed of holm oaks (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota [Desf.] Samp.) and cork oaks (Q. suber L.) in the meso-Mediterranean foothills. Holm oaks are associated with meso-thermophilous taxa such as strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.), while cork oaks usually co-occur with deciduous trees (Q. faginea Lam. subsp. broteroi [Cout.] A.Camus, Acer monspessulanum L. or Sorbus torminalis [L.] Crantz, among others). In the supra-Mediterranean bioclimatic belt, and on north-eastern oriented slopes, it is possible to find deciduous oak woodlands, where Q. pyrenaica Willd. is the most representative taxon, along with some chestnut trees (Castanea sativa Mill.) (Perea García-Calvo et al. 2015, 2016). Riparian forests are characterized by Salix atrocinereaBrot., Salix salviifolia Brot., Frangula alnus Mill., Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl., and Betula spp. Among them, the presence of Ilex aquifolium L., Taxus baccata L. and Prunus lusitanica L. on well-drained soils is noticeable. Vegetation around the mire is composed by Sphagnum spp., Drosera rotundifolia L., Pinguicula lusitanica L., Erica tetralix L., E. lusitanica Rudolphi, Dactylorhiza elata subsp. sesquipedalis (Willd.) Soó, Genista anglica L., Lobelia urens L. andMolinia caerulea (L.) Moench. (López-Sáez et al. 2014). The bedrock is an old siliceous basement, part of the HercynianMassiff, made up of Armorican quartzites and slates (Muñoz Jiménez 1974, 1976).
Raña de El Carrizal沼泽地（39°26°55.56“N，4°27°28.55”W；海拔790米[a.s.l]）位于“Sierra de Enmedo”山脉，是构成“El Chorito”山脉的山脉之一。它属于Retuerta del Bullaque市，位于托莱多山脉中心的卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼恰Real城省。这片沼泽占地0.22公顷，尽管其位置靠近历史悠久的牛道，但没有受到任何保护计划的保护。该地区受典型地中海气候的影响，夏季温暖干燥，冬季寒冷潮湿。不规则的降雨量在冬季达到最大值。年平均温度约为14-15°C，年降水量为600-700毫米。沼泽周围的植被通常是地中海式的：林地主要由中地中海山麓的霍姆橡树（Quercus ilex L.subsp.ballota[Desf.]Samp.）和软木橡树（Q.suber L.）组成。Holm橡树与中高温类群有关，如草莓树（Arbutus unedo L.），而软木橡树通常与落叶树（Q.faginea Lam.subsp.broteroi[Cut.]A.Camus、Acer monspesulanum L.或Sorbus torminalis[L.]Crantz等）共存。在地中海以上的生物气候带和东北方向的斜坡上，可以找到落叶橡树林地，其中有Q.pyrenaica Willd。是最具代表性的分类单元，还有一些栗树（Castanea sativa Mill.）（Perea García-Calvo等人，20152016）。河岸林的特点是柳。，柳肉汤。，Frangula alnus Mill。，狭叶Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl。，其中，在排水良好的土壤上，冬青、红豆杉和鲁西李的存在是显著的。沼泽周围的植被由泥炭藓属、圆叶菊属、鲁西塔尼卡扁尾藻属、四叶Erica tetralix L.、鲁西塔尼卡Rudolphi、Dactylorhiza elata亚种组成。sesquipedalis（Willd.）Soó、Genista anglica L.、Lobelia urens L.和Molinia caerulea（L.）Moench。（López-Sáez等人，2014年）。基岩是一个古老的硅质基底，是海西地块的一部分，由Armorican石英岩和板岩组成（Muñoz Jiménez 19741976）。
{"title":"68. Raña de El Carrizal, Toledo Mountains (central Spain)","authors":"R. Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Sebastián Pérez Díaz, J. A. López Sáez","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2023.2189527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2023.2189527","url":null,"abstract":"Raña de El Carrizal mire (39° 26 ʹ55.56\" N, 4° 27 ʹ 28.55\" W; 790 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) is located in the ‘Sierra de Enmedio’ range, one of the ranges composing the ‘El Chorito’ range. It belongs within the Retuerta del Bullaque municipalty, in Ciudad Real province, Castilla-La Mancha, in the centre of the Toledo Mountains. This mire occupies 0.22 ha and it is not protected under any conservation plan, despite its position close to a historical cattle track. This area is under the influence of a typical Mediterranean climate, with warm and dry summers and cold and wet winters. Irregular rainfalls reach their maximum values in winter. The mean annual temperature is around 14‒15 °C, while the annual precipitation is 600‒700 mm. Vegetation surrounding the mire is typically Mediterranean: woodlands mainly composed of holm oaks (Quercus ilex L. subsp. ballota [Desf.] Samp.) and cork oaks (Q. suber L.) in the meso-Mediterranean foothills. Holm oaks are associated with meso-thermophilous taxa such as strawberry tree (Arbutus unedo L.), while cork oaks usually co-occur with deciduous trees (Q. faginea Lam. subsp. broteroi [Cout.] A.Camus, Acer monspessulanum L. or Sorbus torminalis [L.] Crantz, among others). In the supra-Mediterranean bioclimatic belt, and on north-eastern oriented slopes, it is possible to find deciduous oak woodlands, where Q. pyrenaica Willd. is the most representative taxon, along with some chestnut trees (Castanea sativa Mill.) (Perea García-Calvo et al. 2015, 2016). Riparian forests are characterized by Salix atrocinereaBrot., Salix salviifolia Brot., Frangula alnus Mill., Fraxinus angustifolia Vahl., and Betula spp. Among them, the presence of Ilex aquifolium L., Taxus baccata L. and Prunus lusitanica L. on well-drained soils is noticeable. Vegetation around the mire is composed by Sphagnum spp., Drosera rotundifolia L., Pinguicula lusitanica L., Erica tetralix L., E. lusitanica Rudolphi, Dactylorhiza elata subsp. sesquipedalis (Willd.) Soó, Genista anglica L., Lobelia urens L. andMolinia caerulea (L.) Moench. (López-Sáez et al. 2014). The bedrock is an old siliceous basement, part of the HercynianMassiff, made up of Armorican quartzites and slates (Muñoz Jiménez 1974, 1976).","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"62 1","pages":"146 - 148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45898581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2023.2178264
Kelly Cristina Durán-Escalante, J. J. Ortiz-Díaz, J. P. Pinzón-Esquivel, María Amanda Gálvez-Mariscal, R. Alfaro-Bates
Abstract The palm honey (Sabal yapa C. Wright ex Becc.) (Sabal honey henceforth) is one of 22 unifloral honeys recognised in the Yucatan Peninsula. This honey is harvested in February and March when Sabal yapa bloom but encompasses other important melliferous plants during the harvest season. A melissopalynological study of 24 honey samples from Tizimín, Yucatan (Mexico) was used to determine if Sabal honey is monofloral or multifloral, and to investigate the pollen contribution of other plants. Consequently, we determined the plant resources foraged by Apis mellifera. After analysis, 54 different pollen types were identified with the number of pollen types per honey sample ranging between nine and 21, with a mean of 14.75. Asteraceae and Fabaceae were the most diverse families and represented the highest percentage of contribution in pollen spectra. Sabal yapa pollen had a mean content of 56.9% (with a range of 45.4% to 84%). Bursera simaruba, Haematoxylum campechianum, Piscidia piscipula and Viguiera dentata were categorised as secondary pollen. Important minor pollen corresponded to Caesalpinia gaumeri, Ceiba pentandra, Pisonia aculeata, Thouinia paucidentata, and Trixis inula. Pollen composition revealed details of not only the rich native flora that accompanies Sabal yapa, but traditional human activities that occur around the apiaries. As expected, pollen of nectariferous species predominate in the samples, but also a number of nectarless species were found. Honeybees foraged mostly in trees present in remnants of primary vegetation, or at its different succession stages. Sabal honey could be labelled as monofloral.
{"title":"Palynological characterisation of palm honey (Sabal yapa) produced in Yucatan (Mexico)","authors":"Kelly Cristina Durán-Escalante, J. J. Ortiz-Díaz, J. P. Pinzón-Esquivel, María Amanda Gálvez-Mariscal, R. Alfaro-Bates","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2023.2178264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2023.2178264","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The palm honey (Sabal yapa C. Wright ex Becc.) (Sabal honey henceforth) is one of 22 unifloral honeys recognised in the Yucatan Peninsula. This honey is harvested in February and March when Sabal yapa bloom but encompasses other important melliferous plants during the harvest season. A melissopalynological study of 24 honey samples from Tizimín, Yucatan (Mexico) was used to determine if Sabal honey is monofloral or multifloral, and to investigate the pollen contribution of other plants. Consequently, we determined the plant resources foraged by Apis mellifera. After analysis, 54 different pollen types were identified with the number of pollen types per honey sample ranging between nine and 21, with a mean of 14.75. Asteraceae and Fabaceae were the most diverse families and represented the highest percentage of contribution in pollen spectra. Sabal yapa pollen had a mean content of 56.9% (with a range of 45.4% to 84%). Bursera simaruba, Haematoxylum campechianum, Piscidia piscipula and Viguiera dentata were categorised as secondary pollen. Important minor pollen corresponded to Caesalpinia gaumeri, Ceiba pentandra, Pisonia aculeata, Thouinia paucidentata, and Trixis inula. Pollen composition revealed details of not only the rich native flora that accompanies Sabal yapa, but traditional human activities that occur around the apiaries. As expected, pollen of nectariferous species predominate in the samples, but also a number of nectarless species were found. Honeybees foraged mostly in trees present in remnants of primary vegetation, or at its different succession stages. Sabal honey could be labelled as monofloral.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"62 1","pages":"133 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42987202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-04DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2023.2181099
K. C. Daraojimba, C. D. da Luz
Abstract In recent times, there has been an increase in adulterated honey in the commercial market owing to the lucrative nature of the honey business in Nigeria. Melissopalynology analyses can be used to obtain information about botanical and geographical origin of honey sources and to verify quality. Thus, this study was conducted to determine pollen composition and diversity in commercial honey samples from three states in Nigeria to ascertain their botanical and geographical origins. Seven commercial Apis mellifera var. adansonii honey samples were collected from three phytogeographical regions in Nigeria between 2017 and 2019. The samples were analysed for pollen content and other remaining structured elements occurring in sediment obtained using a non-acetolysed methodology. A total of 29 pollen types were identified, related to 18 families, 28 genera, and two unidentified pollen types. Fabaceae had the largest number of pollen types, followed by Asteraceae, Malvaceae, Arecaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Rubiaceae. Among the pollen identified, 22 pollen types were from nectariferous plants dominated by Dalbergia, Fagara/Zanthoxylum, Hymenocardia acida, Irvingia gabonensis, Macaranga, Nauclea latifolia and Pterocarpus. Monofloral honey of Nauclea latifolia and Pterocarpus sp. were also identified. The geographical origin demonstrates Apis mellifera var. adansonii using nectariferous sources available from the rainforest, forest-savanna ecotone, and Guinea savanna in the southeast, southwest, and central Nigeria, as well as in the brushwood, secondary forest, and open grassland areas, suggesting their importance as pollinators or pollen disperser agent of native flora and cultivated species.
{"title":"Botanical and geographical origins of some commercial Apis mellifera var. adansonii honeys from Nigeria","authors":"K. C. Daraojimba, C. D. da Luz","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2023.2181099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2023.2181099","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent times, there has been an increase in adulterated honey in the commercial market owing to the lucrative nature of the honey business in Nigeria. Melissopalynology analyses can be used to obtain information about botanical and geographical origin of honey sources and to verify quality. Thus, this study was conducted to determine pollen composition and diversity in commercial honey samples from three states in Nigeria to ascertain their botanical and geographical origins. Seven commercial Apis mellifera var. adansonii honey samples were collected from three phytogeographical regions in Nigeria between 2017 and 2019. The samples were analysed for pollen content and other remaining structured elements occurring in sediment obtained using a non-acetolysed methodology. A total of 29 pollen types were identified, related to 18 families, 28 genera, and two unidentified pollen types. Fabaceae had the largest number of pollen types, followed by Asteraceae, Malvaceae, Arecaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Rubiaceae. Among the pollen identified, 22 pollen types were from nectariferous plants dominated by Dalbergia, Fagara/Zanthoxylum, Hymenocardia acida, Irvingia gabonensis, Macaranga, Nauclea latifolia and Pterocarpus. Monofloral honey of Nauclea latifolia and Pterocarpus sp. were also identified. The geographical origin demonstrates Apis mellifera var. adansonii using nectariferous sources available from the rainforest, forest-savanna ecotone, and Guinea savanna in the southeast, southwest, and central Nigeria, as well as in the brushwood, secondary forest, and open grassland areas, suggesting their importance as pollinators or pollen disperser agent of native flora and cultivated species.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"62 1","pages":"116 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45273908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-22DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2158689
B. Bani, Talip Çeter
Abstract In this study, detailed light microscopy (LM) and scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of pollen grains belonging to 11 taxa of genera Grammosciadium, Vinogradovia and Caropodium were performed. The pollen is radially symmetrical and generally isopolar with the exception of Grammosciadium macrodan ssp. nezaketiae where 65% of the grains have asymmetrical appearance. All the taxa are tricolporate. Ectoapertures are discontinuous (colpus length: 14.7 ± 0.8 and colpus width: 21.20 ± 2.28) with narrow and acute at the ends extending to the subpolar region. Endoapertures are in the mid-section of the ectoapertures, which is lolangate, prolate-spheroidal in Grammosciadium scabridum, while lalongate, ellipsoidal, oblate or suboblate in the other taxa. Pollen shape is triangular and semi-triangular in polar-view. Pollen outline in equatorial view is subrectangular-straight in G. scabridum and Caropodium platycarpum, however, those were subrectangular and slightly constricted in equatorial region in all others. Based on the P/E ratio, it is prolate in G. macrodon ssp. macrodon while it is perprolate in the other taxa. Ornamentation variation (i.e. psilate, psilate-perforate, psilate-rugulate, rugulate and rugulate-perforate) was observed around the apertural, equatorial and polar regions. This character has been found as taxonomically important for the studied taxa.
{"title":"Investigation of pollen morphology of the genera Grammosciadium, Vinogradovia and Caropodium (Apiaceae)","authors":"B. Bani, Talip Çeter","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2158689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2158689","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, detailed light microscopy (LM) and scanning-electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of pollen grains belonging to 11 taxa of genera Grammosciadium, Vinogradovia and Caropodium were performed. The pollen is radially symmetrical and generally isopolar with the exception of Grammosciadium macrodan ssp. nezaketiae where 65% of the grains have asymmetrical appearance. All the taxa are tricolporate. Ectoapertures are discontinuous (colpus length: 14.7 ± 0.8 and colpus width: 21.20 ± 2.28) with narrow and acute at the ends extending to the subpolar region. Endoapertures are in the mid-section of the ectoapertures, which is lolangate, prolate-spheroidal in Grammosciadium scabridum, while lalongate, ellipsoidal, oblate or suboblate in the other taxa. Pollen shape is triangular and semi-triangular in polar-view. Pollen outline in equatorial view is subrectangular-straight in G. scabridum and Caropodium platycarpum, however, those were subrectangular and slightly constricted in equatorial region in all others. Based on the P/E ratio, it is prolate in G. macrodon ssp. macrodon while it is perprolate in the other taxa. Ornamentation variation (i.e. psilate, psilate-perforate, psilate-rugulate, rugulate and rugulate-perforate) was observed around the apertural, equatorial and polar regions. This character has been found as taxonomically important for the studied taxa.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"111 ","pages":"79 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41275645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2158688
Julia Gravendyck, C. Coiffard, J. Bachelier, W. Kürschner
Abstract The important marker species for the base of the Jurassic, Cerebropollenites thiergartii, occurs contemporaneously with at least nine related taxa. However, their distinction is difficult and has been confused in the past. In addition, a long history of numerous recombinations with different genus names (e.g. Tsugaepollenites and Sciadopityspollenites), and inconsistent classifications or synonymisations, further complicate the taxonomic framework of Cerebropollenites thiergartii. A comprehensive study of these ten taxa, summarising their crucial distinctive characteristics and potential synonymy, is currently missing. This limits the stratigraphic value of Cerebropollenites thiergartii and associated taxa relevant to the Triassic–Jurassic transition. Here, we revisit relevant holotype material, related taxa and investigated new material for potential interspecific and intraspecific morphological variation. Based on an empirical analysis of name use and an extensive literature review, we identified previous sources of confusion, re-evaluated the distinctive characteristics and stratigraphic value of these taxa, and their relevance for the Triassic–Jurassic transition. Finally, we argue that the recombination as Sciadopityspollenites thiergartii is taxonomically and nomenclaturally imperative, not only due to priority, but also because it unifies previous disjunct use of Cerebropollenites for Mesozoic and Sciadopityspollenites for Cenozoic taxa, or Mesozoic species in many Russian studies. Thus, we propose a series of nomenclatural novelties: Sciadopityspollenites emend., Sciadopityspollenites thiergartii comb. nov. et emend., S. thiergartii ssp. nov. thiergartii, S. thiergartii ssp. multiverrucosus stat. nov., S. megaorbicularius sp. nov., S. carlylensis comb. nov. et emend., S. serratus emend., S. macroverrucosus emend., S. mesozoicus emend., Cryptopalynites gen. nov., Cryptopalynites pseudomassulae comb. nov. et emend.
{"title":"Re-evaluation of Cerebropollenites thiergartii Eberh.Schulz 1967 and related taxa: priority of Sciadopityspollenites and nomenclatural novelties","authors":"Julia Gravendyck, C. Coiffard, J. Bachelier, W. Kürschner","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2158688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2158688","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The important marker species for the base of the Jurassic, Cerebropollenites thiergartii, occurs contemporaneously with at least nine related taxa. However, their distinction is difficult and has been confused in the past. In addition, a long history of numerous recombinations with different genus names (e.g. Tsugaepollenites and Sciadopityspollenites), and inconsistent classifications or synonymisations, further complicate the taxonomic framework of Cerebropollenites thiergartii. A comprehensive study of these ten taxa, summarising their crucial distinctive characteristics and potential synonymy, is currently missing. This limits the stratigraphic value of Cerebropollenites thiergartii and associated taxa relevant to the Triassic–Jurassic transition. Here, we revisit relevant holotype material, related taxa and investigated new material for potential interspecific and intraspecific morphological variation. Based on an empirical analysis of name use and an extensive literature review, we identified previous sources of confusion, re-evaluated the distinctive characteristics and stratigraphic value of these taxa, and their relevance for the Triassic–Jurassic transition. Finally, we argue that the recombination as Sciadopityspollenites thiergartii is taxonomically and nomenclaturally imperative, not only due to priority, but also because it unifies previous disjunct use of Cerebropollenites for Mesozoic and Sciadopityspollenites for Cenozoic taxa, or Mesozoic species in many Russian studies. Thus, we propose a series of nomenclatural novelties: Sciadopityspollenites emend., Sciadopityspollenites thiergartii comb. nov. et emend., S. thiergartii ssp. nov. thiergartii, S. thiergartii ssp. multiverrucosus stat. nov., S. megaorbicularius sp. nov., S. carlylensis comb. nov. et emend., S. serratus emend., S. macroverrucosus emend., S. mesozoicus emend., Cryptopalynites gen. nov., Cryptopalynites pseudomassulae comb. nov. et emend.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"62 1","pages":"1 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45697574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-20DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2138532
H. Tosunoğlu, A. Tosunoglu, Nilgün Ergün, A. Bicakci
Abstract The aim of our study is to determine important honey resources and botanical characterisation of honey in a high-altitude region of Türkiye. Natural honey samples were collected from all possible locations in 2017. The melissopalynological analysis identified 14 unifloral honey samples, and many plants were also determined as important sources for multifloral honey. Principal component analysis separated honey samples from low-altitude regions while high-altitude regions form a tight cluster. Pollen diversity was found to be lower in honeys at low altitudes and higher pollen diversity was found in honeys at high altitudes. Altitude plays an important role in the pollen content of the honey, with Cornus mas, Asteraceae, and Hypericum being indicator pollen types above 1500 m; Castanea sativa and Myosotis pollen were found predominant or secondary under 1100 m altitude. This has allowed the altitude preferences of some plants, which are important for beekeeping, to be associated with the location of the apiaries and, therefore, the composition of the honey.
{"title":"Botanical characterisation of natural honey samples from a high altitudinal region, Gümüşhane, east-Türkiye","authors":"H. Tosunoğlu, A. Tosunoglu, Nilgün Ergün, A. Bicakci","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2138532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2138532","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The aim of our study is to determine important honey resources and botanical characterisation of honey in a high-altitude region of Türkiye. Natural honey samples were collected from all possible locations in 2017. The melissopalynological analysis identified 14 unifloral honey samples, and many plants were also determined as important sources for multifloral honey. Principal component analysis separated honey samples from low-altitude regions while high-altitude regions form a tight cluster. Pollen diversity was found to be lower in honeys at low altitudes and higher pollen diversity was found in honeys at high altitudes. Altitude plays an important role in the pollen content of the honey, with Cornus mas, Asteraceae, and Hypericum being indicator pollen types above 1500 m; Castanea sativa and Myosotis pollen were found predominant or secondary under 1100 m altitude. This has allowed the altitude preferences of some plants, which are important for beekeeping, to be associated with the location of the apiaries and, therefore, the composition of the honey.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"62 1","pages":"59 - 69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42496330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-23DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2130010
E. Yuzhanina, N. Ryabogina, A.E. Borisov, I. Idrisov
TheTarskoe swamp is oneof the largest peatbogs in the central part of theNorthCaucasus, it occupies about 20 ha in the basin between the Lesisty and Pastbishchny ranges (42° 57 ʹ46" N, 44° 43 ʹ32" E; 806 m above sea level [a.s.l.]). The climate is temperate continental with warm and very humid summer and medium cold, snowy winter. The swamp is located in the lower montane belt of broad-leaved forests dominated by Fagus orientalis Lipsky and Carpinus betulus L. with Quercus robur L., and an admixture of Corylus avellana L., Ulmus glabra Huds. and Pyrus caucasica Fed. Swamp vegetation is formed by Carex sp. and Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud. with Matteuccia struthiopteris L. and Sphagnum sp., with thickets of Alnus glutinosa L. in some places. The swamp was drained for pasture and haymaking in the mid-twentieth century. Two previous studies investigated cores from the Tarskoe swamp (Knyazev et al. 1992; Neishtadt 1955, 1957). However, Neishtadt (1995, 1957) did not provide a dating for the sediment core and Knyazev et al. (1992) did not include the upper part of the core, which might have been removed during peat harvesting. The drilling for the present study was made in 2019 in an undisturbed area of the swamp.
{"title":"67. Tarskoe swamp, central Caucasus (North Ossetia, Russia)","authors":"E. Yuzhanina, N. Ryabogina, A.E. Borisov, I. Idrisov","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2130010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2130010","url":null,"abstract":"TheTarskoe swamp is oneof the largest peatbogs in the central part of theNorthCaucasus, it occupies about 20 ha in the basin between the Lesisty and Pastbishchny ranges (42° 57 ʹ46\" N, 44° 43 ʹ32\" E; 806 m above sea level [a.s.l.]). The climate is temperate continental with warm and very humid summer and medium cold, snowy winter. The swamp is located in the lower montane belt of broad-leaved forests dominated by Fagus orientalis Lipsky and Carpinus betulus L. with Quercus robur L., and an admixture of Corylus avellana L., Ulmus glabra Huds. and Pyrus caucasica Fed. Swamp vegetation is formed by Carex sp. and Phragmites australis (Cav.) Steud. with Matteuccia struthiopteris L. and Sphagnum sp., with thickets of Alnus glutinosa L. in some places. The swamp was drained for pasture and haymaking in the mid-twentieth century. Two previous studies investigated cores from the Tarskoe swamp (Knyazev et al. 1992; Neishtadt 1955, 1957). However, Neishtadt (1995, 1957) did not provide a dating for the sediment core and Knyazev et al. (1992) did not include the upper part of the core, which might have been removed during peat harvesting. The drilling for the present study was made in 2019 in an undisturbed area of the swamp.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"62 1","pages":"73 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44986772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-17DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2127329
Ş. Alan
Abstract Intact fungal spores and smaller fungal fragments such as hyphae are sources of airborne allergens. Information on the distribution of sub-spore allergenic particles in the atmosphere is however limited. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to explore the behaviour of Alternaria aeroallergens in the atmosphere of Ankara, central Turkey. Aerobiological monitoring was carried out in the 2020 season. A Burkard volumetric spore trap was used for fungal spore collection, and a high-volume cascade impactor for allergen collection. The Alt a 1 levels in two air fractions (particulate matter (PM) > 10 µm and 10 > PM > 2.5 µm) were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The seasonal spore integral (SSIn) was 1846 spore day/m3. In the same period, a total of 95.71 pg/m3 Alt a 1 concentration was recorded, of which 93% was recorded in PM>10 and 7% in PM10–2.5 air fraction. The amount of allergen per spore was 5.18 × 10−2 pg/spore/m3. The highest concentration for both spores and allergens was observed on 30 June, i.e. before the local crop harvest. Four days with highest spore levels occurred about one week after the rainfall (> 1 mm). Hot and humid weather probably contributed to the intensive development of fungi and an increase in the concentration of spores in the atmosphere. Our findings suggest that in areas with semi-arid climate, such as central Turkey, the weather conditions have a greater effect on behaviour of the distribution of Alternaria aeroallergens than agricultural practices.
{"title":"Impact of weather on the behaviour of Alternaria spore and Alt a 1 concentration in the air of Ankara (Turkey)","authors":"Ş. Alan","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2127329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2127329","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Intact fungal spores and smaller fungal fragments such as hyphae are sources of airborne allergens. Information on the distribution of sub-spore allergenic particles in the atmosphere is however limited. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to explore the behaviour of Alternaria aeroallergens in the atmosphere of Ankara, central Turkey. Aerobiological monitoring was carried out in the 2020 season. A Burkard volumetric spore trap was used for fungal spore collection, and a high-volume cascade impactor for allergen collection. The Alt a 1 levels in two air fractions (particulate matter (PM) > 10 µm and 10 > PM > 2.5 µm) were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The seasonal spore integral (SSIn) was 1846 spore day/m3. In the same period, a total of 95.71 pg/m3 Alt a 1 concentration was recorded, of which 93% was recorded in PM>10 and 7% in PM10–2.5 air fraction. The amount of allergen per spore was 5.18 × 10−2 pg/spore/m3. The highest concentration for both spores and allergens was observed on 30 June, i.e. before the local crop harvest. Four days with highest spore levels occurred about one week after the rainfall (> 1 mm). Hot and humid weather probably contributed to the intensive development of fungi and an increase in the concentration of spores in the atmosphere. Our findings suggest that in areas with semi-arid climate, such as central Turkey, the weather conditions have a greater effect on behaviour of the distribution of Alternaria aeroallergens than agricultural practices.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"62 1","pages":"48 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43640613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-17DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2128864
S. Tonkov, G. Possnert, E. Marinova
Lake Vapsko-2 (42° 04 ʹ 50.72" N, 23° 31 ʹ 11.50" E; 2250 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) is situated in the lower range of the subalpine belt in the southern part of the Rila Mountains, Bulgaria. The lake has a nearly oval shape with a water surface of 0.28 ha fed by the larger upper Lake Vapsko-1 and drains into the Vapa River. The surrounding steep slopes are covered by thick impenetrable stands of Pinus mugo Turra with some Juniperus sibirica Burgsd. within patches of herb vegetation (Ivanov 1964).The coniferous forest belt in this part of the Rila Mountains is dominated by Pinus peuce Griseb. admixed with Picea abies L. (Karst.) and Pinus sylvestris L. At lower altitudes, Abies albaMill. also occurs. The distribution of Fagus sylvatica L. below 1200-1000 m is fragmented, together with the oak forests (Tonkov et al. 2019). Theflat peaty shores of the lake are overgrownbyhummocks of Sphagnum spp., Carex nigra (L.) Reichard, C. rostrata Stokes, Trichophorum cespitosum (L.) Hartm., Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P. Beauv., Nardus strictaL.,Eriophorum latifoliumHoppe,Parnassia palustris L., Veratrum lobelianum Bernh., Primula deorum Velen., Plantago gentianoides Sm., Pinguicula balcanica Casper, Pseudorchis albida (L.) A. Löve & D. Löve, etc. The climate is montane at the tree-line, the mean January temperature is -6°C while the mean August temperature is 11.4°C (Bozilova & Tonkov 2011).
Vapsko-2湖(北纬42°04′50.72”，东经23°31′11.50”;海拔2250米[a.s.l.])位于保加利亚里拉山脉南部亚高山带的较低范围。该湖呈近椭圆形，水面面积为0.28公顷，由较大的上游湖Vapsko-1提供水源，并排入Vapa河。周围陡峭的山坡上覆盖着密密麻麻的松林和一些西伯利亚刺柏。在草本植物的斑块内(伊万诺夫，1964年)。在里拉山脉的这一部分针叶林带是主要的松树peuce Griseb。在低海拔地区，冷杉与云杉(Picea abies L.)和松(Pinus sylvestris L.)混种。也会发生。在1200-1000 m以下，Fagus sylvatica L.与栎林一起呈破碎状分布(Tonkov et al. 2019)。平坦的泥炭湖岸上长满了泥炭草和黑苔草(L.)。Reichard, C. rostrata Stokes，毛癣菌(L.)Hartm。， Deschampsia cespitosa (L.)测定。， Nardus strictaL。，大叶草，白莲草，白莲草，白莲草。，报春花。龙胆车前草;(1)、平桂花(Pinguicula balcanica Casper);A. Löve, D. Löve等。在树线处气候为山地，1月平均温度为-6°C，而8月平均温度为11.4°C (Bozilova & Tonkov 2011)。
{"title":"66. Lake Vapsko-2, Rila Mountains (Bulgaria)","authors":"S. Tonkov, G. Possnert, E. Marinova","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2128864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2128864","url":null,"abstract":"Lake Vapsko-2 (42° 04 ʹ 50.72\" N, 23° 31 ʹ 11.50\" E; 2250 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) is situated in the lower range of the subalpine belt in the southern part of the Rila Mountains, Bulgaria. The lake has a nearly oval shape with a water surface of 0.28 ha fed by the larger upper Lake Vapsko-1 and drains into the Vapa River. The surrounding steep slopes are covered by thick impenetrable stands of Pinus mugo Turra with some Juniperus sibirica Burgsd. within patches of herb vegetation (Ivanov 1964).The coniferous forest belt in this part of the Rila Mountains is dominated by Pinus peuce Griseb. admixed with Picea abies L. (Karst.) and Pinus sylvestris L. At lower altitudes, Abies albaMill. also occurs. The distribution of Fagus sylvatica L. below 1200-1000 m is fragmented, together with the oak forests (Tonkov et al. 2019). Theflat peaty shores of the lake are overgrownbyhummocks of Sphagnum spp., Carex nigra (L.) Reichard, C. rostrata Stokes, Trichophorum cespitosum (L.) Hartm., Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P. Beauv., Nardus strictaL.,Eriophorum latifoliumHoppe,Parnassia palustris L., Veratrum lobelianum Bernh., Primula deorum Velen., Plantago gentianoides Sm., Pinguicula balcanica Casper, Pseudorchis albida (L.) A. Löve & D. Löve, etc. The climate is montane at the tree-line, the mean January temperature is -6°C while the mean August temperature is 11.4°C (Bozilova & Tonkov 2011).","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"62 1","pages":"70 - 72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47643373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-02DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2130008
Z. Tsymbalyuk, L. Nitsenko, S. Mosyakin
Abstract Pollen morphology of six species from the Macranthera-Agalinis clade (Orobanchaceae) was studied using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains are (2-)3(4-)-colpate, 3-brevicolpate and 4-, rarely 6-porate, obtate to prolate (P/E = 0.72–1.52) in shape; medium-sized and rarely large-sized (P = 26.60–50.54 µm, E = 22.61–47.88 µm). Three pollen types are found and described based on the pollen grain size, length of the colpi, exine thickness, exine sculpture, columellae length and thickness and nanogemmae size. Type III contains three subtypes differentiated by pollen grain size, length of the colpi, exine thickness, exine sculpture, columellae length and nanogemmae size. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrograms based on palynological data support that Dasistoma macrophylla has unique morphological and morphometric characters. In D. macrophylla we observed a transition from the 3-brevicolpate type to the 4-porate and occasionally 6-porate type. This polymorphism with respect to apertures may provide an advantage for D. macrophylla to survive under different ecological conditions and on a wide range of hosts. Palynomorphological data are interpreted in the existing phylogenetic framework. The 3-colpate type of apertures and a nanogemmate exine sculpture are hypothesised to be the plesiomorphic condition within the Macranthera-Agalinis clade.
{"title":"The unique type of pollen grain of Dasistoma (Macranthera-Agalinis clade; Orobanchaceae): implications for taxonomy","authors":"Z. Tsymbalyuk, L. Nitsenko, S. Mosyakin","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2130008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2130008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pollen morphology of six species from the Macranthera-Agalinis clade (Orobanchaceae) was studied using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains are (2-)3(4-)-colpate, 3-brevicolpate and 4-, rarely 6-porate, obtate to prolate (P/E = 0.72–1.52) in shape; medium-sized and rarely large-sized (P = 26.60–50.54 µm, E = 22.61–47.88 µm). Three pollen types are found and described based on the pollen grain size, length of the colpi, exine thickness, exine sculpture, columellae length and thickness and nanogemmae size. Type III contains three subtypes differentiated by pollen grain size, length of the colpi, exine thickness, exine sculpture, columellae length and nanogemmae size. Unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrograms based on palynological data support that Dasistoma macrophylla has unique morphological and morphometric characters. In D. macrophylla we observed a transition from the 3-brevicolpate type to the 4-porate and occasionally 6-porate type. This polymorphism with respect to apertures may provide an advantage for D. macrophylla to survive under different ecological conditions and on a wide range of hosts. Palynomorphological data are interpreted in the existing phylogenetic framework. The 3-colpate type of apertures and a nanogemmate exine sculpture are hypothesised to be the plesiomorphic condition within the Macranthera-Agalinis clade.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"61 1","pages":"436 - 447"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45542894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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