Pub Date : 2022-07-04DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2089225
E. Fredh
Site details Lake Öagöl (57° 12′ 34′′; 14° 48′ 03′′) is situated in the central part of the province of Småland, southern Sweden, a region characterised by mixed woodlands and small-scale agriculture. The investigated lake has a circular to squarish shape and covers 1.8 ha. A minor road runs through the catchment area (which is 22 ha) on the western side of the lake (approximately 100 m from the lake shore). The nearest village is situated about 2 km away. Historical maps from the nineteenth century show that cultivated fields and hay meadows were situated close to the village. The maps also show that the immediate area around the lake was part of the land, which was mainly used for grazing and wood resources, and that the nearest hay meadow was approximately 500 m away. Today, the land-cover around the lake is mixed woodland, dominated by spruce plantations. On the western side of the lake catchment is a local nature reserve (Kråketorpsskogen, 200 ha), which is protected from modern forestry.
{"title":"61. A pollen record from Lake Öagöl (south-Swedish Uplands): 1500 years of land-use history","authors":"E. Fredh","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2089225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2089225","url":null,"abstract":"Site details Lake Öagöl (57° 12′ 34′′; 14° 48′ 03′′) is situated in the central part of the province of Småland, southern Sweden, a region characterised by mixed woodlands and small-scale agriculture. The investigated lake has a circular to squarish shape and covers 1.8 ha. A minor road runs through the catchment area (which is 22 ha) on the western side of the lake (approximately 100 m from the lake shore). The nearest village is situated about 2 km away. Historical maps from the nineteenth century show that cultivated fields and hay meadows were situated close to the village. The maps also show that the immediate area around the lake was part of the land, which was mainly used for grazing and wood resources, and that the nearest hay meadow was approximately 500 m away. Today, the land-cover around the lake is mixed woodland, dominated by spruce plantations. On the western side of the lake catchment is a local nature reserve (Kråketorpsskogen, 200 ha), which is protected from modern forestry.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"61 1","pages":"310 - 313"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44858762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-04DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2089226
H. Hooghiemstra, Keith Richards
Abstract Frans Florschütz (1887‒1965) developed pollen analysis in the Netherlands as a biostratigraphical tool on the interface between geology, palaeobotany, soil science and climate history. He was involved in agricultural practice and the building of large infrastructure. Florschütz established centres of pollen analysis at the universities in Wageningen (1924) and Utrecht (1928), was appointed professor in Leiden (1948) and after retirement founded a chair in pollen analysis in Nijmegen (1960). The botanical institute in Utrecht was Florschütz’ alma mater where he supervised students over two decades. Since 1947 Florschütz trained micropalaeontologists how to use fossil pollen as a biostratigraphical tool in oil industry. He inspired Jonker in Utrecht and Zagwijn in Leiden. Several of his students focused on tropical areas and used applied and academic pollen analysis to explore tropical ecosystems, such as Polak (1930s) and Muller (1950s) in southeast Asia, Van Zinderen Bakker (1950s) in southern Africa, Van der Hammen (1950s) in northern South America, Van Zeist and Bottema (1960s) in the Middle East. He stimulated Shell to be a pioneer in using pollen-based stratigraphy in oil exploration in the tropics. In the late 1940s and 1950s biostratigraphers Germeraad, Hopping, Kuyl, Muller and Waterbolk studied samples from the Caribbean, Nigeria and British Borneo in Shell’s Pollen Laboratories in Maracaibo (Venezuela) and in The Hague. In 1944 ‘pollen analysis’ was renamed ‘palynology’ for good reasons. Laboratory practice in applied research developed differently from academic palynology leading to a hybrid research field. Implications are briefly discussed.
摘要Frans Florschütz（1887-1965）在荷兰开发了花粉分析，将其作为地质学、古植物学、土壤科学和气候史之间界面的生物地层学工具。他参与了农业实践和大型基础设施的建设。Florschütz在瓦赫宁根大学（1924年）和乌得勒支大学（1928年）建立了花粉分析中心，在莱顿被任命为教授（1948年），退休后在奈梅亨成立了花粉分析主席（1960年）。乌得勒支的植物学院是Florschütz的母校，他在那里指导学生20多年。自1947年以来，Florschütz培训微体学家如何在石油工业中使用花粉化石作为生物地层学工具。他激励了乌得勒支的容克和莱顿的扎格维恩。他的几个学生专注于热带地区，并使用应用和学术花粉分析来探索热带生态系统，如东南亚的Polak（20世纪30年代）和Muller（20世纪50年代），南部非洲的Van Zinderen Bakker（20世纪五十年代），南美北部的Van der Hammen（20世纪70年代），中东的Van Zeist和Bottema（20世纪60年代）。他鼓励壳牌公司成为在热带石油勘探中使用花粉地层学的先驱。20世纪40年代末和50年代，生物地层学家Germeraad、Hopping、Kuyl、Muller和Waterbolk在位于马拉开波（委内瑞拉）和海牙的壳牌花粉实验室研究了加勒比海、尼日利亚和英属婆罗洲的样本。1944年，“花粉分析”更名为“孢粉学”，理由很充分。应用研究的实验室实践与学术孢粉学发展不同，导致了一个混合研究领域。简要讨论了影响。
{"title":"Frans Florschütz as founding father of pollen analysis in the Netherlands, and expansion of palynology into the tropics","authors":"H. Hooghiemstra, Keith Richards","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2089226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2089226","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Frans Florschütz (1887‒1965) developed pollen analysis in the Netherlands as a biostratigraphical tool on the interface between geology, palaeobotany, soil science and climate history. He was involved in agricultural practice and the building of large infrastructure. Florschütz established centres of pollen analysis at the universities in Wageningen (1924) and Utrecht (1928), was appointed professor in Leiden (1948) and after retirement founded a chair in pollen analysis in Nijmegen (1960). The botanical institute in Utrecht was Florschütz’ alma mater where he supervised students over two decades. Since 1947 Florschütz trained micropalaeontologists how to use fossil pollen as a biostratigraphical tool in oil industry. He inspired Jonker in Utrecht and Zagwijn in Leiden. Several of his students focused on tropical areas and used applied and academic pollen analysis to explore tropical ecosystems, such as Polak (1930s) and Muller (1950s) in southeast Asia, Van Zinderen Bakker (1950s) in southern Africa, Van der Hammen (1950s) in northern South America, Van Zeist and Bottema (1960s) in the Middle East. He stimulated Shell to be a pioneer in using pollen-based stratigraphy in oil exploration in the tropics. In the late 1940s and 1950s biostratigraphers Germeraad, Hopping, Kuyl, Muller and Waterbolk studied samples from the Caribbean, Nigeria and British Borneo in Shell’s Pollen Laboratories in Maracaibo (Venezuela) and in The Hague. In 1944 ‘pollen analysis’ was renamed ‘palynology’ for good reasons. Laboratory practice in applied research developed differently from academic palynology leading to a hybrid research field. Implications are briefly discussed.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"61 1","pages":"241 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47487181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-04DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2088853
J. López‐Sáez
Site details TheDehesa de la Avellaneda mire (40° 19′ 19.28′′ N, 4° 46′ 50.62′′ W; size c. 0.01 ha; 1325 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) lies on the south-eastern slope of the ‘Sierra del Artuñero’ in the eastern part of the Gredos Range (Casavieja, Ávila). The climate is of a Mediterranean type, wet and cold in winter (0–2 °C) and dry and warm (20–22 °C) in summer, with a summer drought period lasting 3–5 months and heavy rainfall in autumn and winter. The average annual temperature is 14 °C and the annual precipitation is 1400 mm. The most representative plant communities of the area are maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) and Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) woodlands, and isolated Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco trees (LópezSáez et al. 2019). The uppermost areas (1600– 1915 m a.s.l.) are occupied by broom communities of Cytisus oromediterraneus Rivas-Martínez, Díaz, Prieto, Loidi & Penas and Echinospartum barnadesii (Graells) Rothm (López-Sáez et al. 2016). The mire vegetation is composed mainly of Sphagnum sp., Carex nigra (L.) Reich. and Drosera rotundifolia L. The bedrock is old siliceous basement made up mainly of Late-Hercynian granites.
dehesa de la Avellaneda泥潭(北纬40°19 ' 19.28 "，西经4°46 ' 50.62 ";尺寸c. 0.01 ha;海拔1325米[a.s.l.])位于格雷多斯山脉(Casavieja， Ávila)东部“Sierra del Artuñero”的东南坡上。气候属地中海型，冬季潮湿寒冷(0-2°C)，夏季干燥温暖(20-22°C)，夏季干旱期持续3-5个月，秋冬多雨。年平均气温14℃，年降水量1400毫米。该地区最具代表性的植物群落是海松(Pinus pinaster Ait.)和比利牛斯橡树(Quercus pyrenaica wild.)林地，以及孤立的黑松(Pinus nigra Arnold)亚种。salzmannii (Dunal) Franco树(LópezSáez et al. 2019)。最上面的区域(1600 - 1915 m a.s.l.)被Cytisus oromediterraneus Rivas-Martínez, Díaz, Prieto, Loidi & Penas和Echinospartum barnadesii (Graells) Rothm (López-Sáez et al. 2016)的扫帚群落占据。沼泽植被主要由泥炭(Sphagnum sp.)、黑苔草(Carex nigra (L.))等组成。帝国。基岩为以晚海西期花岗岩为主的老硅质基底。
{"title":"63. Dehesa de la Avellaneda, Gregos Range (central Spain)","authors":"J. López‐Sáez","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2088853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2088853","url":null,"abstract":"Site details TheDehesa de la Avellaneda mire (40° 19′ 19.28′′ N, 4° 46′ 50.62′′ W; size c. 0.01 ha; 1325 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) lies on the south-eastern slope of the ‘Sierra del Artuñero’ in the eastern part of the Gredos Range (Casavieja, Ávila). The climate is of a Mediterranean type, wet and cold in winter (0–2 °C) and dry and warm (20–22 °C) in summer, with a summer drought period lasting 3–5 months and heavy rainfall in autumn and winter. The average annual temperature is 14 °C and the annual precipitation is 1400 mm. The most representative plant communities of the area are maritime pine (Pinus pinaster Ait.) and Pyrenean oak (Quercus pyrenaica Willd.) woodlands, and isolated Pinus nigra Arnold subsp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco trees (LópezSáez et al. 2019). The uppermost areas (1600– 1915 m a.s.l.) are occupied by broom communities of Cytisus oromediterraneus Rivas-Martínez, Díaz, Prieto, Loidi & Penas and Echinospartum barnadesii (Graells) Rothm (López-Sáez et al. 2016). The mire vegetation is composed mainly of Sphagnum sp., Carex nigra (L.) Reich. and Drosera rotundifolia L. The bedrock is old siliceous basement made up mainly of Late-Hercynian granites.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"61 1","pages":"318 - 320"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47142842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-04DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2088852
E. Fischer, E. Marinova, M. Rösch
The Upper Swabian Plain, which was covered by the Würmian Rhine glacier, extends triangular over an area of 2500 km. Lake Constance marks the border to the south; the terminal moraine of the Würmian Rhine glacier south of the Danube and the Iller valley mark the borders to the north and to the east (Eberle et al. 2017). The Königseggsee (Lake Königsegg) is a lake of glacial origin situated in the central part of this region (9° 26′ 58′′ E, 47° 55′ 57′′ N), below the castle of Königsegg, at an altitude of 626.5 m above sea level (a.s.l.). The lake covers an area of 15.6 ha and has a maximum depth of 9.6 m. At its northern shore, it is surrounded by wetlands, while its southern shore is rising steeply to a hill, up to 729 m a.s.l. and covered by Fagus sylvatica L. dominated forest. The hilly plain to the east, around the localities Ostrach, Hoßkirch and Altshausen, has been strongly deforested and is currently under agricultural use. One previous study of a core by Homann et al. (1990) investigated the vegetation history of the Königseggsee.
{"title":"62. Königseggsee, Upper Swabia, Germany","authors":"E. Fischer, E. Marinova, M. Rösch","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2088852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2088852","url":null,"abstract":"The Upper Swabian Plain, which was covered by the Würmian Rhine glacier, extends triangular over an area of 2500 km. Lake Constance marks the border to the south; the terminal moraine of the Würmian Rhine glacier south of the Danube and the Iller valley mark the borders to the north and to the east (Eberle et al. 2017). The Königseggsee (Lake Königsegg) is a lake of glacial origin situated in the central part of this region (9° 26′ 58′′ E, 47° 55′ 57′′ N), below the castle of Königsegg, at an altitude of 626.5 m above sea level (a.s.l.). The lake covers an area of 15.6 ha and has a maximum depth of 9.6 m. At its northern shore, it is surrounded by wetlands, while its southern shore is rising steeply to a hill, up to 729 m a.s.l. and covered by Fagus sylvatica L. dominated forest. The hilly plain to the east, around the localities Ostrach, Hoßkirch and Altshausen, has been strongly deforested and is currently under agricultural use. One previous study of a core by Homann et al. (1990) investigated the vegetation history of the Königseggsee.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"61 1","pages":"314 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45300873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-21DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2071985
Nevin Şafak Odabaşı
Abstract This study presents the pollen morphology of 16 taxa of Linum L. section Syllinum Griseb., 13 of which being endemic to Turkey, by using light and scanning electron microscopy. All the pollen grains are trizonocolpate; however, some taxa were observed to have also hexacolpate grains along with trizonocolpate ones. The pollen grains are large, suboblate, less often oblate spheroidal in shape. Distyly is predominantly present in the section, except for homostylous species Linum nodiflorum L. All the studied distylous taxa have dimorphic pollen grains. In short-styled floral morphs, the exine has monomorphic processes, gemmae, which at the top have a ring of marginal papillae, with or without prominent central papilla. In long-styled floral morphs and in homostylous morph, the exine is dimorphic and has two types of processes: bacula, smaller in diameter, ending in a central microechinus, and clavae, larger in diameter with a central microechinus ending into lobes or a ring of scabrae at the margins. In the studied distylous species, the pollen of short-styled morphs is larger than that of the long-styled morphs. Based on the morphometric data, the principal component analysis has grouped these two morphs separately; with the homostylous one, although with dimorphic exine, nested within the short-styled morphs. This could be considered as evidence supporting the loss of heterostyly in homostylous Linum.
{"title":"Pollen morphology of Linum L. section Syllinum Griseb. (Linaceae) of Turkey","authors":"Nevin Şafak Odabaşı","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2071985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2071985","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study presents the pollen morphology of 16 taxa of Linum L. section Syllinum Griseb., 13 of which being endemic to Turkey, by using light and scanning electron microscopy. All the pollen grains are trizonocolpate; however, some taxa were observed to have also hexacolpate grains along with trizonocolpate ones. The pollen grains are large, suboblate, less often oblate spheroidal in shape. Distyly is predominantly present in the section, except for homostylous species Linum nodiflorum L. All the studied distylous taxa have dimorphic pollen grains. In short-styled floral morphs, the exine has monomorphic processes, gemmae, which at the top have a ring of marginal papillae, with or without prominent central papilla. In long-styled floral morphs and in homostylous morph, the exine is dimorphic and has two types of processes: bacula, smaller in diameter, ending in a central microechinus, and clavae, larger in diameter with a central microechinus ending into lobes or a ring of scabrae at the margins. In the studied distylous species, the pollen of short-styled morphs is larger than that of the long-styled morphs. Based on the morphometric data, the principal component analysis has grouped these two morphs separately; with the homostylous one, although with dimorphic exine, nested within the short-styled morphs. This could be considered as evidence supporting the loss of heterostyly in homostylous Linum.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"61 1","pages":"256 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41602412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-20DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2071984
Zaline Dos Santos Lopes, Adriele Santos Vieira, L. A. Nunes, R. M. Alves, A. M. Waldschmidt
Abstract Tropical forests encompass a high diversity of plant species that depend on several pollinator bees, such as Melipona mondury. In the present study, we identified the pollen types in samples of honey, pollen (nest pots) and pollen baskets of M. mondury workers from a meliponary located in the Atlantic Forest of the state of Bahia, north-eastern Brazil. Samples of flowering plants were also collected monthly nearby the meliponary and from trails along the fragment borders. The botanic material was identified and stored as herbarium collections. The samples of honey and pollen from colonies of M. mondury were collected and prepared using the acetolysis method for palynological studies. Using the botanical inventory around the meliponary, palynological slides were prepared and pollen characterised from 43 genera and 46 species within 24 plant families. Asteraceae (23%), Fabaceae (14%), Anacardiaceae (5%), Myrtaceae (5%), and Melastomataceae (4%) were the most common and diverse families around the meliponary. A total of 44 and 54 pollen morphotypes were found in honey and pollen samples, respectively, comprising several plant families, particularly Myrtaceae (15%) and Melastomataceae (10%). The pollen baskets of workers contained 35 pollen morphotypes, with a predominance of Fabaceae-Mimosoideae (16%), Melastomataceae (13%), Sapindaceae (13%), Myrtaceae (10%) and Solanaceae (10%). The flora of the study area proved to be highly diverse and M. mondury utilises a wide variety of plants, albeit with some differences. The conservation of the Atlantic Forest fragments is essential to the maintenance of pollinators such as M. mondury to assure the functionality of local ecosystems.
{"title":"Flora visited by Melipona mondury Smith 1863 (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini) in a fragment of the Atlantic Forest in the state of Bahia, Brazil","authors":"Zaline Dos Santos Lopes, Adriele Santos Vieira, L. A. Nunes, R. M. Alves, A. M. Waldschmidt","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2071984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2071984","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Tropical forests encompass a high diversity of plant species that depend on several pollinator bees, such as Melipona mondury. In the present study, we identified the pollen types in samples of honey, pollen (nest pots) and pollen baskets of M. mondury workers from a meliponary located in the Atlantic Forest of the state of Bahia, north-eastern Brazil. Samples of flowering plants were also collected monthly nearby the meliponary and from trails along the fragment borders. The botanic material was identified and stored as herbarium collections. The samples of honey and pollen from colonies of M. mondury were collected and prepared using the acetolysis method for palynological studies. Using the botanical inventory around the meliponary, palynological slides were prepared and pollen characterised from 43 genera and 46 species within 24 plant families. Asteraceae (23%), Fabaceae (14%), Anacardiaceae (5%), Myrtaceae (5%), and Melastomataceae (4%) were the most common and diverse families around the meliponary. A total of 44 and 54 pollen morphotypes were found in honey and pollen samples, respectively, comprising several plant families, particularly Myrtaceae (15%) and Melastomataceae (10%). The pollen baskets of workers contained 35 pollen morphotypes, with a predominance of Fabaceae-Mimosoideae (16%), Melastomataceae (13%), Sapindaceae (13%), Myrtaceae (10%) and Solanaceae (10%). The flora of the study area proved to be highly diverse and M. mondury utilises a wide variety of plants, albeit with some differences. The conservation of the Atlantic Forest fragments is essential to the maintenance of pollinators such as M. mondury to assure the functionality of local ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"61 1","pages":"381 - 393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41438292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-10DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2053572
Kenia C. Sánchez Espinosa, Sonia Rodríguez Davydenko, Teresa I. Rojas Flores, Silvia J. Venero Fernández, Michel Almaguer
Abstract Several investigations suggest that the exposure to fungal allergens during childhood may increase the risk of sensitisation in children genetically predisposed to allergy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality and diversity of fungal propagules in indoor air, specifically in the bedrooms of children with a family history of allergy. The indoor and outdoor air was sampled from 44 bedrooms of children with a family history of allergy during the years 2018 and 2019 in Havana, Cuba. Inside the bedrooms, the presence of humidity problems, visible fungal growth, and the quality of ventilation was examined, while the values of temperature and relative humidity were recorded. Moreover, a distribution analysis of the genera detected was carried out and the Sørensen coefficient of similarity was calculated. In addition, the relationship between the outdoor and indoor air concentrations of each residence was determined. The concentrations of fungal propagules in the indoor air of the bedrooms were between 20 and 1330 colony-forming unit (CFU)/m3. According to the analysed limit values, 18 bedrooms can be classified as having poor indoor air quality. Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Curvularia were the most frequent genera of the 19 identified in the study. There was a similarity between the indoor and outdoor air mycobiota in 15.9% of the rooms. The detection of these allergenic fungal genera is an alert for children in the sampled homes, mainly for those that were classified as poor indoor air quality according to the examined standards.
{"title":"Indoor air quality and diversity of fungi inside and outside residences of children with a history of allergy in Cuba","authors":"Kenia C. Sánchez Espinosa, Sonia Rodríguez Davydenko, Teresa I. Rojas Flores, Silvia J. Venero Fernández, Michel Almaguer","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2053572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2053572","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Several investigations suggest that the exposure to fungal allergens during childhood may increase the risk of sensitisation in children genetically predisposed to allergy. The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality and diversity of fungal propagules in indoor air, specifically in the bedrooms of children with a family history of allergy. The indoor and outdoor air was sampled from 44 bedrooms of children with a family history of allergy during the years 2018 and 2019 in Havana, Cuba. Inside the bedrooms, the presence of humidity problems, visible fungal growth, and the quality of ventilation was examined, while the values of temperature and relative humidity were recorded. Moreover, a distribution analysis of the genera detected was carried out and the Sørensen coefficient of similarity was calculated. In addition, the relationship between the outdoor and indoor air concentrations of each residence was determined. The concentrations of fungal propagules in the indoor air of the bedrooms were between 20 and 1330 colony-forming unit (CFU)/m3. According to the analysed limit values, 18 bedrooms can be classified as having poor indoor air quality. Cladosporium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Curvularia were the most frequent genera of the 19 identified in the study. There was a similarity between the indoor and outdoor air mycobiota in 15.9% of the rooms. The detection of these allergenic fungal genera is an alert for children in the sampled homes, mainly for those that were classified as poor indoor air quality according to the examined standards.","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"61 1","pages":"284 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41565257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-05DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2052954
S. Tonkov, O. Heiri, A. Lotter
Site details The peat bog Vodniza (42° 08′ 12.34′′ N, 23° 25′ 24.48′′ E; 2113 m above sea level [a.s.l.]), a former lake, is located in the upper montane vegetation zone of the central part of the Rila Mountains near the timber-line. This vegetation zone is dominated by conifers (Picea, Pinus). The site has an elongated shape, c. 90 m long and 40 m wide, formed in a depression with a steep and rocky northeast slope, surrounded by groups of Pinus mugo Turra, Pinus peuce Griseb., Picea abies (L.) H. Karst., Pinus sylvestris L. and Juniperus sibirica Burgsd. The bog surface is overgrown by spots of Sphagnum spp., Carex nigra (L.) Reichard, Carex rostrata Stokes, Deschampsia cespitosa (L.) P. Beauv., Phleum alpinum L., Eriophorum angustifolium Honck., Eriophorum latifolium Hoppe, Caltha laeta Schott, Nyman et Kotschy, Trollius europaeus L., Geum coccineum Sm., Geum bulgaricum Pancǐc,́ Silene roemeri Friv., Veratrum lobelianum Bernh., Bartsia alpina L., Rumex alpinus L., Bistorta vivipara (L.) Delarbre, Campanula sparsa Friv., Plantago gentianoides Sm., Senecio nemorensis L., Tripleurospermum caucasicum (Willd.) Hayek, etc. A small brook passes through the peat bog and drains into the Vodniza River (Tonkov et al. 2018). The climate above 1000 m is montane and at an elevation of 1800 to 1900 m a.s.l. the mean January temperature is −6 °C and the mean August temperature 11.4 °C. The highest annual precipitation reaches 2000 mm at 1300–2400 m a.s.l., much of it as snow (Velev 2002). Sediment description
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Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2047774
Shaddai Heidgen, A. Junginger, E. Marinova
The pollen profile was obtained from the floodplain of Ammer River Valley, west of Tübingen in southwestern Germany. Underground water from a Triassic limestone aquifer feeds the small modern-day Ammer River, which is a tributary of the Neckar River (Schwientek et al. 2013). The climate is humid-temperate with highest air temperatures from June to August (mean 21–24 °C) and lowest temperatures during December to February (mean −1 to 0 °C). The nature reserve Schönbuch north of the Ammer River Valley is characterised by thermophilous and drought-adapted vegetation on south-facing slopes (Arnold 1986). Pleistocene and Holocene sediments cover the Ammer River Valley consisting of brown alluvial clays, Tufa, grey clays, and fluvial and colluvial gravels on top of the Middle Triassic dolostones and mudstones (Geyer et al. 1995; Heidgen et al. 2020; Martin et al. 2020). In addition, the Ammer River Valley is partly covered by nutrient-rich loess deposits. Agriculture dominates today 71% of the land cover and oak, beech, and pine trees are covering hillslopes by ∼12% (Schwientek et al. 2013). Nearby, several archaeological sites have been investigated, such as Neolithic settlements of the Lineare Bandkeramik period (6.3–6.0 cal ka BP), excavated by Krauß et al. (2020), and the Mesolithic archaeological site ‘Rottenburg-Siebenlinden’ (c. 6 km away), which revealed human occupation from 10.1–7.8 cal ka BP (Kind 2010). Sediment description and dating Two sediment cores, X039A and X039B, (48° 31′ 44.11′′ N, 08° 57′ 47.73′′ E) were taken in continuous 2 m intervals with no overlap, with core recovery of about 82% (Heidgen et al. 2020). The palynological studies concentrated on the upper 8 m from core X039B (Table I), from which 46 samples, with pollen sums between 150 and 500 arboreal pollen grains, were analysed. Pollen taxonomy follows Beug (2004). In addition to dispersed spores and pollen grains, microcharcoals > 10 μm and non-pollen palynomorphs (NPPs) were registered as well. The software TILIA (incl. CONISS) was used for constructing the pollen diagram and to determine the local pollen assemblage zones (LPAZs) (Grimm 1992a, 1992b). The chronology of core X039B is based on 14 accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) carbon-14 (C) dates (Table II).
花粉剖面采集于德国西南部t宾根以西的Ammer河谷漫滩。来自三叠纪石灰岩含水层的地下水为现今的Ammer河提供水源，这条河是Neckar河的一条支流(Schwientek et al. 2013)。气候属湿润温带，6月至8月气温最高(平均21-24°C)， 12月至2月气温最低(平均- 1至0°C)。阿默河谷北部的自然保护区Schönbuch的特点是在朝南的斜坡上有喜热和适应干旱的植被(Arnold 1986)。更新世和全新世沉积物覆盖了阿默尔河流域，由棕色冲积粘土、凝灰岩、灰色粘土、河流和砾石组成，覆盖在中三叠统白云岩和泥岩之上(Geyer et al. 1995;Heidgen et al. 2020;Martin et al. 2020)。此外，阿默尔河谷部分地区被营养丰富的黄土覆盖。如今，农业占据了71%的土地覆盖，橡树、山毛榉和松树覆盖了约12%的山坡(Schwientek et al. 2013)。附近的几个考古遗址已经进行了调查，例如由Krauß等人(2020年)挖掘的Lineare Bandkeramik时期的新石器时代定居点(6.3-6.0 cal ka BP)，以及中石器时代的考古遗址“Rottenburg-Siebenlinden”(约6公里)，揭示了人类在10.1-7.8 cal ka BP (Kind 2010)的活动。X039A和X039B两个沉积物岩心位于北纬48°31′44.11”，东经08°57′47.73”，连续2 m间隔，无重叠，岩心回收率约为82% (Heidgen et al. 2020)。孢粉学研究集中在X039B岩心上部8 m处(表1)，共分析了46份样品，花粉总数在150 ~ 500粒之间。花粉分类遵循Beug(2004)。除分散的孢子和花粉粒外，还观察到微炭bbb10 μm和非花粉孢粉形态(NPPs)。使用TILIA软件(包括CONISS)构建花粉图并确定局部花粉组合带(lpaz) (Grimm 1992a, 1992b)。核心X039B的年表是基于14个加速器质谱(AMS)碳-14 (C)日期(表2)。
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Pub Date : 2022-05-04DOI: 10.1080/00173134.2022.2048886
Elena Marinova, Yannick Devos, L. Speleers, Sylvianne Modrie
The site of Rue des Boîteux–Rue d’Argent (BR295) (coordinates 50° 51’ N; 4° 21’ E, 17 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) is situated in the actual town centre of Brussels, at the foot of a steep slope leading from the alluvial plain of the Senne River to the Brabantian plateau.Mean annual temperature in Brussels is 10.4 °C. Mean temperature is 3.2 °C for January and 18.4 °C for July. Mean precipitation reaches 848 mm (KMI s.d.). The actual soil moisture regime of the region is Udic (soil moisture is sufficient throughout the year to meet plant requirements [USDA 1999: 97]). The soil temperature regime is Mesic. This implies that the mean annual soil temperature is 8 °C or higher and lower than 15 °C, and the difference between mean summer and mean winter soil temperatures is more than 6 °C (USDA 1999: 112). During a rescue excavation in 2014, a thick peat deposit was discovered. The top of the peat was affected by human activity and gradually transformed into an urban Dark Earth. Locally, modern construction works truncated the peat deposit. The peat deposit with total thickness of c. 2 m was sampled at three profiles by overlapping monolith blocks. The blocks were correlated stratigraphically based on their lithology (Table I) and the chronology was subsequently confirmed with absolute dates (Table II) so that a composite profile was obtained. Samples for pollen analysis (with volume 3 cm2) were taken at each 2.5 cm. Dating
{"title":"59. The peat profile of Rue des Boîteux–Rue d’Argent (BR295), Senne valley, Brussels (Belgium)","authors":"Elena Marinova, Yannick Devos, L. Speleers, Sylvianne Modrie","doi":"10.1080/00173134.2022.2048886","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00173134.2022.2048886","url":null,"abstract":"The site of Rue des Boîteux–Rue d’Argent (BR295) (coordinates 50° 51’ N; 4° 21’ E, 17 m above sea level [a.s.l.]) is situated in the actual town centre of Brussels, at the foot of a steep slope leading from the alluvial plain of the Senne River to the Brabantian plateau.Mean annual temperature in Brussels is 10.4 °C. Mean temperature is 3.2 °C for January and 18.4 °C for July. Mean precipitation reaches 848 mm (KMI s.d.). The actual soil moisture regime of the region is Udic (soil moisture is sufficient throughout the year to meet plant requirements [USDA 1999: 97]). The soil temperature regime is Mesic. This implies that the mean annual soil temperature is 8 °C or higher and lower than 15 °C, and the difference between mean summer and mean winter soil temperatures is more than 6 °C (USDA 1999: 112). During a rescue excavation in 2014, a thick peat deposit was discovered. The top of the peat was affected by human activity and gradually transformed into an urban Dark Earth. Locally, modern construction works truncated the peat deposit. The peat deposit with total thickness of c. 2 m was sampled at three profiles by overlapping monolith blocks. The blocks were correlated stratigraphically based on their lithology (Table I) and the chronology was subsequently confirmed with absolute dates (Table II) so that a composite profile was obtained. Samples for pollen analysis (with volume 3 cm2) were taken at each 2.5 cm. Dating","PeriodicalId":50414,"journal":{"name":"Grana","volume":"61 1","pages":"238 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42269008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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