Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50195
A. M. I. Basha, Shaik Rasool, K. Anusha
Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) Assess the impact of a single dose of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection on visual analog scale (VAS) scores for heel pain. (2) Evaluate the functional outcome scores following PRP treatment for chronic plantar fasciitis. (3) Measure and confirm the restoration of plantar fascia thickness through ultrasound (USG) assessments. (4) Determine the safety and viability of local PRP injection as a treatment option for individuals with chronic plantar fasciitis. Methods: This hospital-based prospective case series, spanning January 2019 to January 2020, enrolled 40 participants aged 25–65 with unilateral, persistent plantar fasciitis resistant to conservative treatment. Exclusion criteria included BMI ≥30, various pathologies, and recent injections. Ethical clearance was obtained, and participants received autologous PRP injections, with ultrasound measuring plantar fascia thickness. Post-injection, patients were monitored for adverse reactions, initiated stretching exercises, and progressed to weight-bearing activities after 6 weeks. Results: The study cohort, averaging 45 years (standard deviation [SD] 7.7), primarily comprised females with the right-foot prevalence. Symptom duration averaged 20 weeks (SD 4.5). Pre-injection VAS scores (6.7±1.2) significantly improved at 6 weeks (2.9±0.6) and 12 weeks (2.0±0.9) post-PRP injection (p<0.001). Plantar fascia thickness reduced from 5.1 mm (SD 0.6) to 4.1 mm (SD 0.5) at 12 weeks (p<0.001) and regular foot thickness: 3.7 mm (SD 0.5). Conclusion: The study reveals that a singular PRP injection brings about substantial and clinically meaningful enhancements in heel pain, functional outcomes, and the restoration of plantar fascia thickness, supported by ultrasound measurements. This underscores local PRP injection as a viable and safe therapeutic choice for those grappling with chronic plantar fasciitis.
{"title":"PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA IN MANAGING CHRONIC PLANTAR FASCIITIS","authors":"A. M. I. Basha, Shaik Rasool, K. Anusha","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50195","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objectives of this study were as follows: (1) Assess the impact of a single dose of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection on visual analog scale (VAS) scores for heel pain. (2) Evaluate the functional outcome scores following PRP treatment for chronic plantar fasciitis. (3) Measure and confirm the restoration of plantar fascia thickness through ultrasound (USG) assessments. (4) Determine the safety and viability of local PRP injection as a treatment option for individuals with chronic plantar fasciitis.\u0000Methods: This hospital-based prospective case series, spanning January 2019 to January 2020, enrolled 40 participants aged 25–65 with unilateral, persistent plantar fasciitis resistant to conservative treatment. Exclusion criteria included BMI ≥30, various pathologies, and recent injections. Ethical clearance was obtained, and participants received autologous PRP injections, with ultrasound measuring plantar fascia thickness. Post-injection, patients were monitored for adverse reactions, initiated stretching exercises, and progressed to weight-bearing activities after 6 weeks.\u0000Results: The study cohort, averaging 45 years (standard deviation [SD] 7.7), primarily comprised females with the right-foot prevalence. Symptom duration averaged 20 weeks (SD 4.5). Pre-injection VAS scores (6.7±1.2) significantly improved at 6 weeks (2.9±0.6) and 12 weeks (2.0±0.9) post-PRP injection (p<0.001). Plantar fascia thickness reduced from 5.1 mm (SD 0.6) to 4.1 mm (SD 0.5) at 12 weeks (p<0.001) and regular foot thickness: 3.7 mm (SD 0.5).\u0000Conclusion: The study reveals that a singular PRP injection brings about substantial and clinically meaningful enhancements in heel pain, functional outcomes, and the restoration of plantar fascia thickness, supported by ultrasound measurements. This underscores local PRP injection as a viable and safe therapeutic choice for those grappling with chronic plantar fasciitis.","PeriodicalId":504156,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":"2 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141003965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50491
P. S. Mishra, Sapna More, Kamayani Gupta, Deepti Rastogi, Narlapati Vignan
Objectives: The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge about self-medication and factors influencing the use of self-medication among 2nd year medical, paramedical, and non-medical students. Methods: A cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted among 520 students of medical, physiotherapy, nursing, and engineering courses. Students were given a pre-structured questionnaire in e form/physical forms. The responses were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: It was found that 63% of students followed self-medication, among which 41% took medication from a chemist. Analgesic and antipyretic (31.8%) followed by cough and cold (23%) medication were the most common group for self-medication. Conclusion: Self-medication is seen more commonly in medical students, especially the hosteller group. The most common reason for self-medication is the easy availability of drugs and the absence of strict regulations.
{"title":"A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS SELF-MEDICATION FOR VARIOUS CONDITIONS AMONG MEDICAL, PARAMEDICAL, AND NON-MEDICAL STUDENTS","authors":"P. S. Mishra, Sapna More, Kamayani Gupta, Deepti Rastogi, Narlapati Vignan","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50491","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objectives of the study are to assess the knowledge about self-medication and factors influencing the use of self-medication among 2nd year medical, paramedical, and non-medical students.\u0000Methods: A cross-sectional, multicenter study was conducted among 520 students of medical, physiotherapy, nursing, and engineering courses. Students were given a pre-structured questionnaire in e form/physical forms. The responses were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics.\u0000Results: It was found that 63% of students followed self-medication, among which 41% took medication from a chemist. Analgesic and antipyretic (31.8%) followed by cough and cold (23%) medication were the most common group for self-medication.\u0000Conclusion: Self-medication is seen more commonly in medical students, especially the hosteller group. The most common reason for self-medication is the easy availability of drugs and the absence of strict regulations.","PeriodicalId":504156,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":"9 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141005184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50450
Ashutosh Kumar, Bhawani Goru, MD Siddique Ahmed Khan, Ramamohan Pathapati
Objective: Stress arises from derangements of personal and professional activities. The basic reason is changes in lifestyle and psychosocial adaptations. Life becomes demanding, complicated, mechanical, and devoid of health. In today’s modern world, occupational stress has become the major factor for loss of health and peacefulness of mind. Methods: This is an observational descriptive study which was conducted in a group of 84 people between 25 and 60 years of age to study the association of acute stress on salivary amylase level and effect of chronic stress on lipid profile, glycosylated hemoglobin and certain inflammatory markers in people representing different forms of stress. Three groups of the population were studied. Group 1 (n=20) - Patients undergoing any elective surgery (abdominal/genitourinary) or an invasive diagnostic procedure (upper GI endoscopy, lymph node biopsy) Group 2 (n=32) – High/middle socio-economic male or female working for ≥8 h/day with or without stress. Group 3 (n=32) – Low socioeconomic male or female earning <100 Rs/day with or without stress. Salivary alpha-amylase and chromogranin A (CgA) levels are good markers of stress. Results: There was increased levels of cortisol (p<0.0001), alpha amylase (p<0.01), and decreased levels of CgA (p<0.001) pre-procedure period as a marker of acute stress. In the chronic stress group of low income as well as high-income status, glycosylated hemoglobin, and blood lipid profile in both males and females were significantly deranged. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-2 were significantly raised in both groups. Serum ferritin level was low in the low socioeconomic group but normal in the high socioeconomic group. Conclusion: Salivary amylase level was raised in acute stress and there is a direct correlation of chronic stress with high low-density lipoprotein/ high-density lipoprotein ratio, raised glycosylated Hemoglobin, serum MDA, IL-1, 2 levels irrespective of economic group.
{"title":"STUDY OF PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL VARIATIONS IN POPULATION GROUPS UNDERGOING ACUTE OR CHRONIC STRESS","authors":"Ashutosh Kumar, Bhawani Goru, MD Siddique Ahmed Khan, Ramamohan Pathapati","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50450","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Stress arises from derangements of personal and professional activities. The basic reason is changes in lifestyle and psychosocial adaptations. Life becomes demanding, complicated, mechanical, and devoid of health. In today’s modern world, occupational stress has become the major factor for loss of health and peacefulness of mind.\u0000Methods: This is an observational descriptive study which was conducted in a group of 84 people between 25 and 60 years of age to study the association of acute stress on salivary amylase level and effect of chronic stress on lipid profile, glycosylated hemoglobin and certain inflammatory markers in people representing different forms of stress. Three groups of the population were studied. Group 1 (n=20) - Patients undergoing any elective surgery (abdominal/genitourinary) or an invasive diagnostic procedure (upper GI endoscopy, lymph node biopsy) Group 2 (n=32) – High/middle socio-economic male or female working for ≥8 h/day with or without stress. Group 3 (n=32) – Low socioeconomic male or female earning <100 Rs/day with or without stress. Salivary alpha-amylase and chromogranin A (CgA) levels are good markers of stress.\u0000Results: There was increased levels of cortisol (p<0.0001), alpha amylase (p<0.01), and decreased levels of CgA (p<0.001) pre-procedure period as a marker of acute stress. In the chronic stress group of low income as well as high-income status, glycosylated hemoglobin, and blood lipid profile in both males and females were significantly deranged. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-2 were significantly raised in both groups. Serum ferritin level was low in the low socioeconomic group but normal in the high socioeconomic group.\u0000Conclusion: Salivary amylase level was raised in acute stress and there is a direct correlation of chronic stress with high low-density lipoprotein/ high-density lipoprotein ratio, raised glycosylated Hemoglobin, serum MDA, IL-1, 2 levels irrespective of economic group.","PeriodicalId":504156,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":"27 s79","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141003566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.49800
Sapna More, Kamayani Gupta, Avina Kharat, P. S. Mishra
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to the storage and safe disposal of unused medicines among students at MGM Medical and Government Dental College, Indore, marking the first such assessment among this population. Method: A cross-sectional survey, approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, utilized a questionnaire-based approach. Medical and dental students provided 509 responses, yielding a response rate of 96%. The pre-validated questionnaire, administered through Google Forms, encompassed sociodemographic details and sections on knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Statistical tools were employed for the analysis of response frequencies. Results: A response rate of 96% was achieved, with 509 participants providing insights. While participants exhibited awareness regarding medication expiry, storage conditions, and environmental contamination, a significant knowledge gap existed concerning standardized medication disposal methods. Despite a high acknowledgment (above 80%) of the reduction in efficacy post-expiry, safe drug disposal practices were found to be lacking. Conclusion: The prevailing practice of storing medicines at home until expiry, followed by disposal in the trash, persists despite awareness of the hazards associated with pharmaceuticals in the environment. This underscores a deficiency in knowledge and the absence of secure disposal methods. Respondents expressed a preference for evidence-based and environmentally friendly approaches to dispose of unwanted medications.
{"title":"KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICE ABOUT STORAGE AND SAFE DISPOSAL OF UNUSED MEDICINES AMONG MEDICAL AND DENTAL PERSONNEL: ECOPHARMACOVIGILANCE PERSPECTIVE","authors":"Sapna More, Kamayani Gupta, Avina Kharat, P. S. Mishra","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.49800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.49800","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to the storage and safe disposal of unused medicines among students at MGM Medical and Government Dental College, Indore, marking the first such assessment among this population.\u0000Method: A cross-sectional survey, approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee, utilized a questionnaire-based approach. Medical and dental students provided 509 responses, yielding a response rate of 96%. The pre-validated questionnaire, administered through Google Forms, encompassed sociodemographic details and sections on knowledge, attitudes, and practices. Statistical tools were employed for the analysis of response frequencies.\u0000Results: A response rate of 96% was achieved, with 509 participants providing insights. While participants exhibited awareness regarding medication expiry, storage conditions, and environmental contamination, a significant knowledge gap existed concerning standardized medication disposal methods. Despite a high acknowledgment (above 80%) of the reduction in efficacy post-expiry, safe drug disposal practices were found to be lacking.\u0000Conclusion: The prevailing practice of storing medicines at home until expiry, followed by disposal in the trash, persists despite awareness of the hazards associated with pharmaceuticals in the environment. This underscores a deficiency in knowledge and the absence of secure disposal methods. Respondents expressed a preference for evidence-based and environmentally friendly approaches to dispose of unwanted medications.","PeriodicalId":504156,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":"28 23","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141005459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.49995
Malek Sm, Kubavat Ar, S. A, Chabhadiya Pr, Rajguru Dd, Purohit Hr, Hajare Kn, Hadvani Tv
Objective: Management of COVID-19 has been a challenge to the health-care system. The COVID-19 pandemic led to prescribing a greater number of drugs for curing the disease in the initial phase of the pandemic due to a lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of COVID-19, symptomatic treatment was given as no definite treatment was available. This presented an opportunity to assess prescribing practices during the pandemic. Methods: The study presents a retrospective cohort to assess 300 random prescriptions from indoor COVID-19 patients of a tertiary care teaching hospital. The parameters analyzed in the process of the prescription audit were patients’ demographics data, prescribing standards according to the World Health Organization core indicators, clinical diagnosis with the comorbid condition, legibility of handwriting, doctor’s name and signature, and outcome of the disease. Results: Out of 300 cases analyzed, a total of 298 (99.66%) prescriptions were with antimicrobialsa total of 55 (18.3%) patients received antivirals. 167 (55.67%) admitted patients having comorbidities such as hypertension (28%) and diabetes (24.3%). Conclusion: It is observed almost every patient has received antimicrobial in the form of antibiotic or antiviral. About 18.3% of patients received antiviral drugs. The effect of co-morbidity has a significant influence on the outcome of patients having COVID-19, as in this study, mortality rate in diabetic patients is higher up to 11.48% than in non-diabetics.
{"title":"PRESCRIPTION AUDIT AND EFFECTS OF COMORBIDITIES ON INDOOR COVID-19 PATIENTS OF A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL","authors":"Malek Sm, Kubavat Ar, S. A, Chabhadiya Pr, Rajguru Dd, Purohit Hr, Hajare Kn, Hadvani Tv","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.49995","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.49995","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Management of COVID-19 has been a challenge to the health-care system. The COVID-19 pandemic led to prescribing a greater number of drugs for curing the disease in the initial phase of the pandemic due to a lack of understanding of the pathophysiology of COVID-19, symptomatic treatment was given as no definite treatment was available. This presented an opportunity to assess prescribing practices during the pandemic.\u0000Methods: The study presents a retrospective cohort to assess 300 random prescriptions from indoor COVID-19 patients of a tertiary care teaching hospital. The parameters analyzed in the process of the prescription audit were patients’ demographics data, prescribing standards according to the World Health Organization core indicators, clinical diagnosis with the comorbid condition, legibility of handwriting, doctor’s name and signature, and outcome of the disease.\u0000Results: Out of 300 cases analyzed, a total of 298 (99.66%) prescriptions were with antimicrobialsa total of 55 (18.3%) patients received antivirals. 167 (55.67%) admitted patients having comorbidities such as hypertension (28%) and diabetes (24.3%).\u0000Conclusion: It is observed almost every patient has received antimicrobial in the form of antibiotic or antiviral. About 18.3% of patients received antiviral drugs. The effect of co-morbidity has a significant influence on the outcome of patients having COVID-19, as in this study, mortality rate in diabetic patients is higher up to 11.48% than in non-diabetics.","PeriodicalId":504156,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":"142 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141003031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.51191
Sreejith Sreenivasan
Objective: The dorsum of the nose formed by nasal bones helps to maintain the airway and esthetic appearance of the nose. Faciomaxillary trauma is associated with a nasal bone fracture with or without nasal septal fractures. Nasal bone fractures can lead to deviation of the external nose and nasal obstruction. The management includes correction of nasal bone deformity with either septoplasty or reduction of nasal septal deviation by the non-surgical method. A study was conducted to compare the results of septal deviation corrected by septoplasty and non-surgical reduction of septal deviation combined with nasal bone fracture reduction.The aim of this study was to compare the results of septal deviation corrected by septoplasty and non-surgical reduction of septal deviation combined with nasal bone fracture reduction. Materials: Sixty-two patients with nasal bone fractures with varying degrees of external nose deformity and nasal septal deviation were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of patients treated with septoplasty and nasal bone fracture correction and Group B consisted of patients treated with non-surgical reduction of septal deviation and nasal bone fracture correction. Type I, II, and II nasal bone fractures were included with all types of septal deviations. The subjective improvement in nasal obstruction was assessed using the visual analog scale in both groups. Results: There were 26 males (81.25%) and 06 (18.75%) females in Group A and 25 (83.33%) males and 05 (16.67%) females in Group B. In Group A, 12 (37.5%) patients were aged between 18 and 27 years, 10 (31.25%) patients were aged between 28 and 27 years, 07 (21.87%) patients were aged between 38 and 47 years, and 03 (09.37%) patients were aged between 48 and 57 years. The mean age was 23.54±2.30 years. Conclusion: Nasal bone fractures cause not only esthetic facial deformity but also functional airway obstruction. A thorough clinical examination, computed tomography scan, and patient counseling are necessary. There is no statistically significant difference in the final outcome between the septoplasty and closed reduction of the septal deviation undertaken to relieve nasal obstruction in patients with associated nasal bone fractures.
{"title":"A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON NASAL BONE FRACTURE ASSOCIATED WITH SEPTAL DEVIATION CORRECTED WITH SEPTOPLASTY VERSUS CLOSED REDUCTION","authors":"Sreejith Sreenivasan","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.51191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.51191","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The dorsum of the nose formed by nasal bones helps to maintain the airway and esthetic appearance of the nose. Faciomaxillary trauma is associated with a nasal bone fracture with or without nasal septal fractures. Nasal bone fractures can lead to deviation of the external nose and nasal obstruction. The management includes correction of nasal bone deformity with either septoplasty or reduction of nasal septal deviation by the non-surgical method. A study was conducted to compare the results of septal deviation corrected by septoplasty and non-surgical reduction of septal deviation combined with nasal bone fracture reduction.The aim of this study was to compare the results of septal deviation corrected by septoplasty and non-surgical reduction of septal deviation combined with nasal bone fracture reduction.\u0000Materials: Sixty-two patients with nasal bone fractures with varying degrees of external nose deformity and nasal septal deviation were divided into two groups. Group A consisted of patients treated with septoplasty and nasal bone fracture correction and Group B consisted of patients treated with non-surgical reduction of septal deviation and nasal bone fracture correction. Type I, II, and II nasal bone fractures were included with all types of septal deviations. The subjective improvement in nasal obstruction was assessed using the visual analog scale in both groups.\u0000Results: There were 26 males (81.25%) and 06 (18.75%) females in Group A and 25 (83.33%) males and 05 (16.67%) females in Group B. In Group A, 12 (37.5%) patients were aged between 18 and 27 years, 10 (31.25%) patients were aged between 28 and 27 years, 07 (21.87%) patients were aged between 38 and 47 years, and 03 (09.37%) patients were aged between 48 and 57 years. The mean age was 23.54±2.30 years.\u0000Conclusion: Nasal bone fractures cause not only esthetic facial deformity but also functional airway obstruction. A thorough clinical examination, computed tomography scan, and patient counseling are necessary. There is no statistically significant difference in the final outcome between the septoplasty and closed reduction of the septal deviation undertaken to relieve nasal obstruction in patients with associated nasal bone fractures.","PeriodicalId":504156,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141005980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Neuroleptics (or anti-psychotics) indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia have significant dose-limiting extra-pyramidal side effects (EPS). Literature suggests limited evidence for the efficacy of anticholinergics in the treatment of neuroleptic-induced EPS. Thus, the present study was conducted to understand the effects of anti-cholinergics on EPS among schizophrenics already on neuroleptics (typical and atypical). Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in South Gujarat for 15 months. A total of 200 participants were included based on selection criteria and distributed equally among four groups (A, B, C, and D) of 50 participants each. The collected data were analyzed for sociodemographic profile, current treatment regimen, type of neuroleptic drug, present complaints of EPS, and addition of any anti-cholinergic agent. An abnormal involuntarily movement scale score was used for examining movement disorders in all study participants. Descriptive statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2019 and IBM SPSS software version 28, and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Hundred patients who were prescribed typical neuroleptics were divided into groups A (with anti-cholinergic) and B (without anti-cholinergic), whereas the remaining 100 patients being prescribed atypical neuroleptics were divided into groups C (with anti-cholinergic) and D (without anti-cholinergic) by simple randomization. The majority of 56% were young adults (18–35 years) with an overall male pre-ponderance (2.14:1). Out of 50 participants in both groups A and B, a higher number of group B participants experienced tremors, rigidity, difficulty in movements, and tardive dyskinesia (TD) (48/50 vs. 30/50, 36/50 vs. 6/50, 24/50 vs. 1/50, 36/50 vs. 19/50) as compared to group A, respectively. Similar results were noted with groups C and D, where a higher number of group D participants experienced tremors, rigidity, difficulty in movements, and tardive dyskinesia (TD) (15/50 vs. 5/50, 11/50 vs. 3/50, 18/50 vs. 2/50, and 16/50 vs. 4/50, respectively). All the results were statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: There was a significant reduction in EPS among schizophrenia patients who were prescribed atypical over typical neuroleptics. The addition of one anticholinergic to the drug regimen also significantly reduced the frequency of EPS in schizophrenia patients.
目的：用于治疗精神分裂症的神经安定剂（或抗精神病药）具有明显的剂量限制性锥体外系副作用（EPS）。文献显示，抗胆碱能药物治疗神经安定剂诱发的 EPS 的疗效证据有限。因此，本研究旨在了解抗胆碱能药物对已服用神经安定药（典型和非典型）的精神分裂症患者的 EPS 的影响：这项前瞻性、横断面、观察性研究在南古吉拉特邦的一家三级医疗教学医院进行，为期 15 个月。根据选择标准，共纳入 200 名参与者，并平均分配到四个组（A、B、C 和 D 组），每组 50 人。对收集到的数据进行了分析，包括社会人口学特征、目前的治疗方案、神经安定药物的类型、目前的 EPS 主诉以及是否添加了任何抗胆碱能药物。异常不自主运动量表用于检查所有研究参与者的运动障碍。使用 Microsoft Excel 2019 和 IBM SPSS 软件 28 版进行描述性统计分析，P<0.05 为差异有统计学意义：100名接受典型神经安定药物治疗的患者被分为A组（含抗胆碱能药物）和B组（不含抗胆碱能药物），而其余100名接受非典型神经安定药物治疗的患者则通过简单随机法被分为C组（含抗胆碱能药物）和D组（不含抗胆碱能药物）。其中，56%的患者为年轻人（18-35 岁），男性占多数（2.14:1）。在 A 组和 B 组的 50 名参与者中，与 A 组相比，B 组参与者出现震颤、僵直、运动困难和迟发性运动障碍（TD）的人数较多（分别为 48/50 对 30/50、36/50 对 6/50、24/50 对 1/50、36/50 对 19/50）。C 组和 D 组的结果类似，D 组出现震颤、僵直、运动困难和迟发性运动障碍（TD）的人数较多（分别为 15/50 对 5/50、11/50 对 3/50、18/50 对 2/50 和 16/50 对 4/50）。所有结果均有统计学意义（P<0.05）：结论：服用非典型神经安定药的精神分裂症患者的 EPS 明显少于服用典型神经安定药的患者。在用药方案中添加一种抗胆碱能药物，也能显著降低精神分裂症患者的 EPS 发生频率。
{"title":"EFFECTS OF NEUROLEPTICS WITH OR WITHOUT ANTI-CHOLINERGICS AMONG SCHIZOPHRENIC PATIENTS OF SOUTH GUJARAT","authors":"Pradipsinh Sodha, Haiya Sheth, Preeti Yadav, Hita Rana, Mayur Chaudhari, Kajal Chaudhari, Tushar Talavia","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50369","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Neuroleptics (or anti-psychotics) indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia have significant dose-limiting extra-pyramidal side effects (EPS). Literature suggests limited evidence for the efficacy of anticholinergics in the treatment of neuroleptic-induced EPS. Thus, the present study was conducted to understand the effects of anti-cholinergics on EPS among schizophrenics already on neuroleptics (typical and atypical).\u0000Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care teaching hospital in South Gujarat for 15 months. A total of 200 participants were included based on selection criteria and distributed equally among four groups (A, B, C, and D) of 50 participants each. The collected data were analyzed for sociodemographic profile, current treatment regimen, type of neuroleptic drug, present complaints of EPS, and addition of any anti-cholinergic agent. An abnormal involuntarily movement scale score was used for examining movement disorders in all study participants. Descriptive statistical analysis was done using Microsoft Excel 2019 and IBM SPSS software version 28, and p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.\u0000Results: Hundred patients who were prescribed typical neuroleptics were divided into groups A (with anti-cholinergic) and B (without anti-cholinergic), whereas the remaining 100 patients being prescribed atypical neuroleptics were divided into groups C (with anti-cholinergic) and D (without anti-cholinergic) by simple randomization. The majority of 56% were young adults (18–35 years) with an overall male pre-ponderance (2.14:1). Out of 50 participants in both groups A and B, a higher number of group B participants experienced tremors, rigidity, difficulty in movements, and tardive dyskinesia (TD) (48/50 vs. 30/50, 36/50 vs. 6/50, 24/50 vs. 1/50, 36/50 vs. 19/50) as compared to group A, respectively. Similar results were noted with groups C and D, where a higher number of group D participants experienced tremors, rigidity, difficulty in movements, and tardive dyskinesia (TD) (15/50 vs. 5/50, 11/50 vs. 3/50, 18/50 vs. 2/50, and 16/50 vs. 4/50, respectively). All the results were statistically significant (p<0.05).\u0000Conclusion: There was a significant reduction in EPS among schizophrenia patients who were prescribed atypical over typical neuroleptics. The addition of one anticholinergic to the drug regimen also significantly reduced the frequency of EPS in schizophrenia patients.","PeriodicalId":504156,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":"113 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141001845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50225
Kallol Jana
Objectives: The present objective was to undertaken the Rosuvastatin Calcium degradation in the tablets formulations with a rapid, economic, consistent, specific and simple analytical procedure. Methods: The analytical RP-HPLC was validated with mobile phase composition of methyl alcohol : cyanomethane : water (45:35:20,v/v). The detection was achieved with a flow 1.0 ml/min by using octylsilane column (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 µ), at 248 nm. Results: The established analytical procedure of Rosuvastatin Calcium was validated statistically for reproducibility, accuracy, specificity as per ICH-guideline. The correlation coefficient was 0.999 with the linearity concentration range 140-260 µg/ml. The percentage recovery was achieved 99.86 to 106.12 and RSD% of precision was 0.599. The specificity was confirmed by excellent photolytic and thermal stability of Rosuvastatin Calcium. The degradation statistical recovery of Rosuvastatin Calcium in dry, wet and thermal stage ware 99.25%, 99.52 % and 99.64% respectively validated. The developed peaks in the chromatograms of alkali, oxidation and acid decomposition of Rosuvastatin Calcium were confirmed by screening the degradation peaks and the recovery percentage were found 23.16 %, 85.59 % and 66.33 % respectively. Conclusions: The stress conditions of Rosuvastatin Calcium in degradation study is successfully developed and it is also important in stability to determined the highest lipid lowering agent in the body that block the manufacturing of cholesterol. The stress conditions like in aqueous acidic hydrolysis, oxidative, alkaline hydrolysis, thermal and photolytic degradation study was validated with a simple, cost efficient, linear, accurate, selective, specific, high performance liquid chromatography with a simple effortless mobile phase containing methyl alcohol, cyanomethane and water.
{"title":"DEGRADATION ESTIMATION OF ROSUVASTATIN CALCIUM IN PHARMACEUTICAL TABLET FORMULATION","authors":"Kallol Jana","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50225","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50225","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The present objective was to undertaken the Rosuvastatin Calcium degradation in the tablets formulations with a rapid, economic, consistent, specific and simple analytical procedure.\u0000Methods: The analytical RP-HPLC was validated with mobile phase composition of methyl alcohol : cyanomethane : water (45:35:20,v/v). The detection was achieved with a flow 1.0 ml/min by using octylsilane column (250 x 4.6 mm, 5 µ), at 248 nm.\u0000Results: The established analytical procedure of Rosuvastatin Calcium was validated statistically for reproducibility, accuracy, specificity as per ICH-guideline. The correlation coefficient was 0.999 with the linearity concentration range 140-260 µg/ml. The percentage recovery was achieved 99.86 to 106.12 and RSD% of precision was 0.599. The specificity was confirmed by excellent photolytic and thermal stability of Rosuvastatin Calcium. The degradation statistical recovery of Rosuvastatin Calcium in dry, wet and thermal stage ware 99.25%, 99.52 % and 99.64% respectively validated. The developed peaks in the chromatograms of alkali, oxidation and acid decomposition of Rosuvastatin Calcium were confirmed by screening the degradation peaks and the recovery percentage were found 23.16 %, 85.59 % and 66.33 % respectively.\u0000Conclusions: The stress conditions of Rosuvastatin Calcium in degradation study is successfully developed and it is also important in stability to determined the highest lipid lowering agent in the body that block the manufacturing of cholesterol. The stress conditions like in aqueous acidic hydrolysis, oxidative, alkaline hydrolysis, thermal and photolytic degradation study was validated with a simple, cost efficient, linear, accurate, selective, specific, high performance liquid chromatography with a simple effortless mobile phase containing methyl alcohol, cyanomethane and water. ","PeriodicalId":504156,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141002331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50946
Shweta Jain, Biswas Ss, Swati Jain
Objectives: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is strongly linked with hepatic fatty infiltration and visceral adiposity, therefore, being a cause and a result of metabolic syndrome. The objective of the study is to find an association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Methods: A total of 342 subjects from which 86 NAFLD 86 control were suitably selected for study duration of 1 year. Diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was done by liver imaging and based on liver enzymes. MetS assessment was done by the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria. Estimation of all biochemical and hematological parameters and liver enzymes was done following standard guidelines. Mean comparison of quantitative data in different groups was analyzed with one-way analysis of variance. Results: There were significant high levels of body mass index, waist circumference, and lipid profiles in NAFLD patients in comparison to control population (p<0.001). According to the NCEP ATP III criteria, 59.3% of NAFLD were present with MetS where risk estimate was significant (odds ratio=2.15). Conclusion: This study suggests that there is an increased in all the components of MetS and gross changes in biochemical markers in cases of NAFLD. Therefore, whenever MetS factors are met in the clinical checkups, patients must be diagnosed for NAFLD by imaging (fatty liver).
目的：非酒精性脂肪肝与肝脏脂肪浸润和内脏肥胖密切相关，因此是代谢综合征的原因和结果。本研究旨在发现代谢综合征（MetS）与非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）之间的关联：方法：共选取 342 名受试者进行为期一年的研究，其中 86 名为非酒精性脂肪肝患者，86 名为对照组。非酒精性脂肪肝的诊断是通过肝脏成像和肝酶进行的。MetS 评估是根据国家胆固醇教育计划成人治疗小组 III（NCEP ATP III）标准进行的。所有生化指标、血液指标和肝酶的估算均按照标准指南进行。采用单因素方差分析对不同组的定量数据进行平均比较：结果：与对照组相比，非酒精性脂肪肝患者的体重指数、腰围和血脂水平明显偏高（P<0.001）。根据 NCEP ATP III 标准，59.3% 的非酒精性脂肪肝患者伴有 MetS，其风险估计值显著（几率比=2.15）：本研究表明，在非酒精性脂肪肝病例中，MetS 的所有成分都有所增加，生化指标也发生了严重变化。因此，只要在临床检查中发现 MetS 因素，就必须通过影像学检查（脂肪肝）诊断患者是否患有非酒精性脂肪肝。
{"title":"AN ASSOCIATION OF METABOLIC SYNDROME WITH NONALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE","authors":"Shweta Jain, Biswas Ss, Swati Jain","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50946","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is strongly linked with hepatic fatty infiltration and visceral adiposity, therefore, being a cause and a result of metabolic syndrome. The objective of the study is to find an association of metabolic syndrome (MetS) with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).\u0000Methods: A total of 342 subjects from which 86 NAFLD 86 control were suitably selected for study duration of 1 year. Diagnosis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease was done by liver imaging and based on liver enzymes. MetS assessment was done by the national cholesterol education program adult treatment panel III (NCEP ATP III) criteria. Estimation of all biochemical and hematological parameters and liver enzymes was done following standard guidelines. Mean comparison of quantitative data in different groups was analyzed with one-way analysis of variance.\u0000Results: There were significant high levels of body mass index, waist circumference, and lipid profiles in NAFLD patients in comparison to control population (p<0.001). According to the NCEP ATP III criteria, 59.3% of NAFLD were present with MetS where risk estimate was significant (odds ratio=2.15).\u0000Conclusion: This study suggests that there is an increased in all the components of MetS and gross changes in biochemical markers in cases of NAFLD. Therefore, whenever MetS factors are met in the clinical checkups, patients must be diagnosed for NAFLD by imaging (fatty liver).","PeriodicalId":504156,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":"31 s102","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141003770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Humans are routinely exposed to radiation when receiving cancer treatment, fighting nuclear weapons, exploring space, and flying. Radiation exposure damages biological components such as protein, lipids, and cell membranes because it causes oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators, which can lead to DNA destruction even at low concentrations. Protecting people from the harmful effects of radiation is a challenging task due to the plethora of side effects of the chemical compounds used to mitigate DNA damage in normal cells. Hospitals continue to utilize radiotherapy for cancer treatment; yet, the adverse effects of the radiation they emit have outweighed the benefits. Plant phytochemicals and their derivatives exhibit diverse biological functions, often perceived as innocuous due to their non-toxic nature within subcellular and cellular environments. Moreover, they possess the capability to mitigate radiation-induced damage. This review aims to delineate the radioprotective attributes of plant polyphenols and extracts, elucidating their mechanisms of action across various models.
人类在接受癌症治疗、对抗核武器、探索太空和飞行时经常受到辐射。辐照会破坏蛋白质、脂质和细胞膜等生物成分，因为它会导致氧化应激和炎症介质，即使浓度很低也会导致 DNA 破坏。由于用于减轻正常细胞 DNA 损伤的化学物质会产生大量副作用，因此保护人们免受辐射的有害影响是一项具有挑战性的任务。医院仍在使用放射疗法治疗癌症，但其放射线的负面影响已超过了其带来的益处。植物营养素及其衍生物具有多种生物功能，由于在亚细胞和细胞环境中无毒，通常被认为是无害的。此外，它们还具有减轻辐射引起的损伤的能力。本综述旨在描述植物多酚和提取物的辐射防护特性，阐明它们在各种模型中的作用机制。
{"title":"REVIEW OF PHYTO-MEDICAL EXTRACTS’ AND COMPOUNDS’ ANTI-RADIATION PROPERTIES","authors":"Mwalimu Raphael Jilani, Azhagu Saravana Babu Packirisamy","doi":"10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22159/ajpcr.2024.v17i5.50248","url":null,"abstract":"Humans are routinely exposed to radiation when receiving cancer treatment, fighting nuclear weapons, exploring space, and flying. Radiation exposure damages biological components such as protein, lipids, and cell membranes because it causes oxidative stress and inflammatory mediators, which can lead to DNA destruction even at low concentrations. Protecting people from the harmful effects of radiation is a challenging task due to the plethora of side effects of the chemical compounds used to mitigate DNA damage in normal cells. Hospitals continue to utilize radiotherapy for cancer treatment; yet, the adverse effects of the radiation they emit have outweighed the benefits. Plant phytochemicals and their derivatives exhibit diverse biological functions, often perceived as innocuous due to their non-toxic nature within subcellular and cellular environments. Moreover, they possess the capability to mitigate radiation-induced damage. This review aims to delineate the radioprotective attributes of plant polyphenols and extracts, elucidating their mechanisms of action across various models.","PeriodicalId":504156,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research","volume":"170 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141001951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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