Fisheries Research最新文献

Using species-specific behavior to improve catch efficiency of target species in mixed trawl fisheries 利用物种特定行为提高混合拖网渔业中目标物种的捕获效率

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107232

Ludvig A. Krag , Rikke P. Frandsen , Bent Herrmann , Grete E. Dinesen , Junita D. Karlsen

Demersal trawl fisheries are increasingly challenged by new and more ambitious gear regulations alongside rising fuel costs. However, knowledge of behavioral differences between species are yet poorly integrated and exploited in commercially operated trawl designs. In the demersal mixed species trawl fishery for Nephrops (Nephrops norvegicus), many fish species are herded by the netting and actively avoid contact with the meshes as opposed to Nephrops, for which most individuals are tumbling along the bottom panel of the gear towards the codend. By reducing the mesh size of the entire lower half of the trawl we reduced the loss of marketable sized Nephrops through the bottom panels significantly by 47.2 % (CI: 33.6–60.2 %) in the North Sea. The unchanged catches of the round fish, cod (Gadus morhua) and hake (Merluccius merluccius) confirm that these species do not come in physical contact with the bottom panel. In contrast, witch flounder (Glyptocephalus cynoglossus) escapes through the bottom panel of the baseline trawl as the treatment gear caught 65.1 % (CI: 39.5–104.9 %) more marketable-sized individuals and 259.7 % (CI: 144.4–459.5 %) more undersized individuals. Our results confirm known species-specific behavior in the forward part of the trawl and demonstrate how this can be exploited with simple design changes to increase the catch efficiency for Nephrops and likely other species without affecting the catches of roundfish. The undersized individuals captured will largely escape through the meshes used in commercial codends.

底层拖网渔业正日益受到新的和更严格的渔具法规以及燃料成本上升的挑战。然而，有关物种间行为差异的知识在商业化拖网设计中还没有得到很好的整合和利用。在底栖混合鱼种拖网捕捞鳙鱼（Nephrops norvegicus）的过程中，许多鱼种会被渔网驱赶，主动避免与网眼接触，而鳙鱼则不同，大多数个体会沿着渔具底板向鳕尾方向翻滚。通过减小整个拖网下半部的网目尺寸，我们在北海大幅减少了通过底板损失的适销大小的吴郭鱼，损失率为 47.2%（CI：33.6-60.2%）。圆形鱼类、鳕鱼（Gadus morhua）和无须鳕（Merluccius merluccius）的渔获量保持不变，这证明这些鱼类不会与底板发生物理接触。与此相反，由于处理渔具捕获的适销尺寸个体比基准拖网多 65.1%（CI：39.5-104.9%），尺寸不足个体比基准拖网多 259.7%（CI：144.4-459.5%），因此比目鱼（Glyptocephalus cynoglossus）会从基准拖网的底板逃逸。我们的研究结果证实了已知的拖网前段的物种特异性行为，并证明了如何通过简单的设计变更来利用这种特异性行为，从而在不影响圆口鱼渔获量的情况下，提高对 Nephrops 和其他可能的物种的捕获效率。捕获到的小个体大部分会从商业鳕鱼网兜中逃脱。

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引用次数: 0

Ice angling for northern pike (Esox lucius) with tip ups: Hook style affects angler catch and fish welfare 冰钓北方梭子鱼（Esox lucius）时使用倒钩：鱼钩样式对垂钓者渔获量和鱼类福利的影响

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107227

Julee Stewart, Shayna Cossette, Christopher M. Somers

Catch and release ice angling exposes fish to environments and techniques that differ markedly from those in the open-water season. Accordingly, we studied the influence of quick-strike treble hooks and 0º offset circle hooks on aspects of northern pike (Esox lucius) capture and behaviour using tip-ups during the winter. Based on 221 northern pike captured over three winters, quick strike rigs with multiple hooks had higher catch success, but extended dehooking time and caused more foul hooking. Deep hooking events were infrequent but were most likely to occur when pike were captured on the single treble quick strike rig and circle hook. Camera footage revealed that pike were tentative and appeared to require considerable time to strike. Hook style had no influence on fish behaviour when striking. Our findings suggest that the use of triple treble quick strike rigs may provide benefits to anglers because they hook more and slightly larger fish and do not result in deep-hooking events. Circle hooks caught in the jaw most frequently and were the easiest to remove most of the time; however, they periodically deep-hooked fish, which was unexpected. Ultimately, angler tackle choice will affect their enjoyment of ice angling, and the potential for stress and injury to fish when using tip ups.

在冰上垂钓时，鱼类所处的环境和垂钓技术与在开放水域垂钓时明显不同。因此，我们研究了快击三线钩和0º偏置圆钩对冬季使用钓钩捕获梭子鱼（Esox lucius）和其行为的影响。根据三个冬季捕获的 221 条梭子鱼的情况，多钩快击钓具的捕获成功率更高，但脱钩时间更长，造成的脱钩犯规也更多。深钩事件并不常见，但在使用单个高音快击钓具和圈钩捕获梭鱼时最容易发生。摄像机镜头显示，梭子鱼很犹豫，似乎需要相当长的时间才能上钩。鱼钩的样式对鱼的攻击行为没有影响。我们的研究结果表明，使用三重快击钓组可能会给垂钓者带来好处，因为这种钓组能钓到更多、稍大的鱼，而且不会导致深钩事件。圆钩最常钩住鱼的下颌，大多数情况下也最容易取出；不过，圆钩会定期钩住鱼，这出乎意料。最终，垂钓者对钓具的选择会影响他们对冰上垂钓的乐趣，以及使用尖头钓钩时对鱼造成压力和伤害的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Does the presence of a pop-up satellite archival tag affect movement of Tanner crab (Chionoecetes bairdi) in an exposed Alaskan bay? 弹出式卫星档案标签的存在是否会影响坦纳蟹（Chionoecetes bairdi）在阿拉斯加裸露海湾中的活动？

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107228

Andrew J. Nault , William B. Gaeuman , Benjamin J. Daly , Aspen E. Coyle

Fluctuating environmental conditions and crab population declines in the Bering Sea have elevated interest in pop-up satellite archival tags (PSATs) as a tool for investigating changes in crab spatial dynamics. However, PSATs are large relative to crab body sizes and may impact behavior which could limit their utility for informing management and conservation efforts. Accordingly, we tagged adult male Tanner crabs Chionoecetes bairdi with either a small acoustic tag (n = 20) or with both an acoustic tag and PSAT (n = 20) and monitored their movements within an acoustic receiver array in an exposed bay near Kodiak, Alaska. We evaluated several metrics intended to detect any between-group differences in movement or habitat use over the 78-day study. No group differences were observed, likely due to the small hydrodynamic forces acting on the PSAT relative to those acting on the crab. We encourage expanded use of PSATs in future crab research, but efforts should explore species-specific tag effects to help ensure accurate movement information is available for fishery management decisions.

白令海不断变化的环境条件和螃蟹数量的减少提高了人们对弹出式卫星档案标签（PSATs）作为调查螃蟹空间动态变化工具的兴趣。然而，弹出式卫星档案标签相对于螃蟹的体型较大，可能会影响螃蟹的行为，从而限制了其在为管理和保护工作提供信息方面的作用。因此，我们用小型声学标签（n = 20）或声学标签和 PSAT（n = 20）对成年雄性丹拿蟹 Chionoecetes bairdi 进行标记，并在阿拉斯加科迪亚克附近一个暴露海湾的声学接收器阵列中监测它们的活动。在为期 78 天的研究中，我们评估了几项指标，以检测组间在运动或栖息地使用方面的差异。没有观察到组间差异，这可能是由于作用在 PSAT 上的流体动力相对于作用在螃蟹上的流体动力较小。我们鼓励在未来的螃蟹研究中扩大 PSAT 的使用，但应努力探索特定物种的标签效应，以帮助确保为渔业管理决策提供准确的移动信息。

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引用次数: 0

Size selectivity of Muller’s pearlside (Maurolicus muelleri), glacier lanternfish (Benthosema glaciale) and krill in trawls targeting the mesopelagic fish 在以中上层鱼类为目标的拖网中对穆勒珍珠鱼（Maurolicus muelleri）、冰川灯笼鱼（Benthosema glaciale）和磷虾的大小选择性

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107229

Enis N. Kostak , Bent Herrmann , Eduardo Grimaldo , Jesse Brinkhof

The growing interest in harvesting mesopelagic fish increases the need for knowledge about trawl designs with high catch efficiency. Limited swimming ability of small mesopelagic species makes it important to consider potential net selectivity along the entire trawl body. Net makers designing trawls for harvesting mesopelagic species need to know which mesh sizes can be used in the low tapered belly sections and in the codend of trawls to avoid catch loss due to size selectivity. Therefore, we used an experimental design that enabled us to quantify both aft belly and codend size selection of Muller’s pearlside (Maurolicus muelleri), glacier lanternfish (Benthosema glaciale), and krill (Euphausiidae) for three different mesh sizes relevant to the mesopelagic fishery. Our results confirmed that size selection needs to be considered in both the belly section and codend of the trawl but that the size selection in the codend is much more effective than that in a short, low tapering belly section. Further, predictions based on the estimated size selectivity showed that the catch efficiency can be low with the currently used mesh sizes in trawls targeting mesopelagic species, demonstrating that the choice of mesh size in the codend is a critical parameter.

人们对捕捞中上层鱼类的兴趣与日俱增，因此需要了解具有高捕捞效率的拖网设计。小型中上层鱼类的游动能力有限，因此必须考虑整个拖网体的潜在网目选择性。设计用于捕捞中上层鱼类的拖网的制网者需要了解在拖网的低锥腹部和尾部可以使用哪种网目尺寸，以避免因尺寸选择性而造成渔获量损失。因此，我们采用了一种实验设计，使我们能够量化穆勒氏珍珠鱼（Maurolicus muelleri）、冰川灯笼鱼（Benthosema glaciale）和磷虾（Euphausiidae）对三种与中上层渔业相关的不同网目尺寸的尾腹和尾鳕尺寸选择。我们的结果证实，在拖网的腹部和尾部都需要考虑大小选择，但尾部的大小选择要比短而低的腹部更有效。此外，根据估计的尺寸选择性进行的预测表明，以中深海鱼类为目标的拖网目前使用的网目尺寸的捕捞效率可能很低，这表明鳕尾网目尺寸的选择是一个关键参数。

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引用次数: 0

Angler catch data as a monitoring tool for European barbel Barbus barbus in a data limited recreational fishery 在数据有限的休闲渔业中，将垂钓者渔获量数据作为欧洲鲃的监测工具

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107224

C. Gutmann Roberts , A.S. Tarkan , M.E. Hanley , J.R. Britton

Large bodied freshwater fishes can be important target species for recreational anglers, with some species introduced intentionally to diversify angling experiences. European barbel Barbus barbus is an important target species in many riverine fisheries, including the River Severn and its River Teme tributary, western England, where it has supported a catch-and-release recreational fishery for approximately 50 years. The River Teme was renowned for the quality of its barbel angling from the 1980s. Since 2007, angler dissatisfaction has increased substantially in this fishery, being associated with alleged declines in the number of barbel being captured and in their population abundances. As there were few data available at that time to investigate these declines, data from periodic electric fishing surveys and some angler catch data were sourced. Analyses revealed temporal declines in the number of sampled barbel during electric fishing surveys, although the number of surveys was low, varied between years and did not target barbel specifically. Analyses of four angler catch data sets (1995–2022) involving more than 1000 captured barbel of 0.5–5.3 kg also revealed significant temporal declines in barbel catches (by number and catch-per-unit-effort). These catch declines were generally coincident with reductions in angler presence and effort on the river, suggesting low catches were a driver of angler dissatisfaction. These results provide empirical support for angler claims of substantial declines in barbel catches and abundances, and emphasise that even limited volumes of angler catch data are useful for understanding temporal changes in exploited but data limited fish populations.

体型较大的淡水鱼是休闲垂钓者的重要目标鱼种，有些鱼种是有意引进的，以丰富垂钓体验。欧洲鲃（Barbus barbus）是许多河流渔业的重要目标鱼种，包括英格兰西部的塞文河（River Severn）及其支流特姆河（River Teme）。从 20 世纪 80 年代起，泰姆河就以其优质的鲃鱼垂钓而闻名。自 2007 年以来，垂钓者对该渔场的不满意度大幅上升，据称这与捕获的鲃鱼数量及其种群丰度下降有关。由于当时可用于调查这些下降情况的数据很少，因此我们从定期电鱼调查中获取了数据和一些垂钓者的渔获量数据。分析表明，在电捕鱼调查期间，虽然调查次数较少、年份不同，而且没有专门针对鲃鱼，但采样的鲃鱼数量在时间上有所下降。对四组垂钓者渔获量数据（1995-2022 年）的分析（涉及 1000 多条 0.5-5.3 千克重的鲃鱼）也显示，鲃鱼渔获量（按数量和单位渔获量计算）在不同时期显著下降。这些渔获量的下降通常与河上垂钓者人数和努力程度的减少相吻合，这表明低渔获量是垂钓者不满的一个驱动因素。这些结果为垂钓者声称鲃鱼渔获量和丰度大幅下降提供了实证支持，并强调即使是数量有限的垂钓者渔获量数据也有助于了解已开发但数据有限的鱼类种群的时间变化。

{"title":"Angler catch data as a monitoring tool for European barbel Barbus barbus in a data limited recreational fishery","authors":"C. Gutmann Roberts , A.S. Tarkan , M.E. Hanley , J.R. Britton","doi":"10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large bodied freshwater fishes can be important target species for recreational anglers, with some species introduced intentionally to diversify angling experiences. European barbel <em>Barbus barbus</em> is an important target species in many riverine fisheries, including the River Severn and its River Teme tributary, western England, where it has supported a catch-and-release recreational fishery for approximately 50 years. The River Teme was renowned for the quality of its barbel angling from the 1980s. Since 2007, angler dissatisfaction has increased substantially in this fishery, being associated with alleged declines in the number of barbel being captured and in their population abundances. As there were few data available at that time to investigate these declines, data from periodic electric fishing surveys and some angler catch data were sourced. Analyses revealed temporal declines in the number of sampled barbel during electric fishing surveys, although the number of surveys was low, varied between years and did not target barbel specifically. Analyses of four angler catch data sets (1995–2022) involving more than 1000 captured barbel of 0.5–5.3 kg also revealed significant temporal declines in barbel catches (by number and catch-per-unit-effort). These catch declines were generally coincident with reductions in angler presence and effort on the river, suggesting low catches were a driver of angler dissatisfaction. These results provide empirical support for angler claims of substantial declines in barbel catches and abundances, and emphasise that even limited volumes of angler catch data are useful for understanding temporal changes in exploited but data limited fish populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50443,"journal":{"name":"Fisheries Research","volume":"281 ","pages":"Article 107224"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142698766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Expected improvements in precision when integrating opportunistic close-kin mark-recapture data into fisheries stock assessments 将机会性近亲标记再捕获数据纳入渔业资源评估时，预计会提高精确度

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107222

Nicholas Fisch

Close-Kin Mark-Recapture (CKMR) sampling, by providing information on abundance and survival rates (and potentially other quantities), offers a promising new data source for fisheries stock assessments. Sample design in order to achieve a desired precision is somewhat straightforward in simple CKMR models; however when integrated within a full stock assessment model with many other data sources, the value of the data (in terms of a reduction in uncertainty of model estimates) is less clear. Herein I demonstrate, using self-test simulations, the expected improvements in precision and accuracy of derived quantities and estimated parameters within statistical catch-at-age models when opportunistic CKMR sampling is conducted and the data integrated within the assessment. By opportunistic CKMR sampling I mean to describe the genetic sampling of individuals that comprise the age composition data, such that increases in CKMR sampling would also increase the age composition samples (and vice versa). I examine the expected improvements across three life history types (cod-like, flatfish-like, and sardine-like) and different amounts of data available to the assessment, including the uncertainty and inclusion of an abundance index and the sample size and time series length of CKMR and age composition samples. Results suggest CKMR data can provide considerable improvements in accuracy and precision of spawning stock biomass at the end of the time series and parameters defining natural mortality and scale of the population, provided an adequate annual sample size is collected relative to the spawning abundance of the stock during the period of CKMR inference. The time-series length of CKMR data and uncertainty or inclusion of an abundance index played a much more moderate role in how much improvement CKMR data provided over models fit without CKMR. This result was likely a function of the model being privy to an effectively known catch time series and known steepness, allowing it to estimate stock scale and trend reasonably well without CKMR data given informative composition data. I recommend simulation analyses including stock assessments as estimation models be carried out for those considering routinely collecting and integrating CKMR data into fisheries stock assessments.

近亲标记重捕（CKMR）取样通过提供丰度和存活率（以及潜在的其他数量）信息，为渔业种群评估提供了一个前景广阔的新数据源。在简单的 CKMR 模型中，为达到所需的精度而进行的样本设计比较简单；但当与许多其他数据源整合到一个完整的种群评估模型中时，数据的价值（在减少模型估计的不确定性方面）就不那么明显了。在此，我将利用自测模拟来证明，在进行机会性 CKMR 取样并将数据整合到评估中时，统计同龄渔获量模型中的推导数量和估计参数的精度和准确性有望得到改善。我所说的机会性 CKMR 取样是指对构成年龄组成数据的个体进行基因取样，这样 CKMR 取样的增加也会增加年龄组成样本（反之亦然）。我研究了三种生活史类型（鳕鱼类、比目鱼类和沙丁鱼类）和评估可用的不同数据量的预期改进情况，包括丰度指数的不确定性和纳入情况，以及 CKMR 和年龄组成样本的样本大小和时间序列长度。结果表明，只要在 CKMR 推断期间每年收集的样本量与种群的产卵丰度相当，CKMR 数据就能大大提高时间序列末期产卵种群生物量的准确性和精确度，以及确定自然死亡率和种群规模的参数。CKMR 数据的时间序列长度以及丰度指数的不确定性或是否包含丰度指数，对 CKMR 数据比不使用 CKMR 的拟合模型所提供的改进程度起的作用要小得多。这一结果很可能是由于模型掌握了有效的已知渔获量时间序列和已知陡度，使其能够在没有 CKMR 数据的情况下，根据翔实的组成数据合理地估计种群规模和趋势。我建议那些考虑常规收集 CKMR 数据并将其纳入渔业种群评估的人进行模拟分析，包括将种群评估作为估算模型。

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引用次数: 0

Impact of tropical cyclones on fishing activity in the Philippines 热带气旋对菲律宾渔业活动的影响

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107221

Miloud Lacheheb , Ilan Noy , Madhavi Pundit

We identify the main fishing grounds in the Philippines’ maritime Exclusive Economic Zone and track the response of fishing vessels’ activity to tropical cyclones (TCs) during 2012. We use satellite imagery from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to locate fishing vessels and identify the main fishing grounds. We combine these with data on TCs' speed and trajectory from the International Best Track Archive for Climate Stewardship. We use kernel density functions to identify fishing grounds and Vector Generalized Linear Model and Bayesian Time-Varying Parameter to assess the impact of TC speed on the location of fishing vessels during and after the TC. Our quantifications reveal the overall negative impact of TCs on the number of active boats during and 2 days after the TC. The fishing grounds located within the Sibuyan Sea, Visayan Sea, and Panay Gulf are the most affected areas. Daily reduction in the commercial fishing production in Western Visayas alone for every day a TC passed through was estimated at 7800 tons per day, affecting more than 188,000 families.

我们确定了菲律宾海洋专属经济区内的主要渔场，并跟踪了 2012 年期间渔船活动对热带气旋（TC）的反应。我们利用美国国家海洋和大气管理局提供的卫星图像来确定渔船的位置并识别主要渔场。我们将这些数据与国际气候管理最佳轨迹档案中有关热带气旋速度和轨迹的数据相结合。我们使用核密度函数来识别渔场，并使用矢量广义线性模型和贝叶斯时变参数来评估热带气旋速度在热带气旋期间和之后对渔船位置的影响。我们的量化结果显示，在热带气旋期间和之后两天，热带气旋对活跃渔船数量的总体影响是负面的。位于锡布延海、米沙鄢海和帕奈湾的渔场是受影响最严重的地区。据估计，在热带气旋经过的每一天，仅西米沙鄢群岛每天的商业捕鱼产量就会减少 7800 吨，影响到 18.8 万多个家庭。

引用次数: 0

Drivers of change in the spatial dynamics of the Central Amazon artisanal fishing fleet 亚马逊中部手工捕鱼船队空间动态变化的驱动因素

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107220

Samantha Aquino Pereira , Nídia Noemi Fabré , Vandick da Silva Batista , Sophie Lanco

The use of fishery resources by artisanal fishers in the Amazon is highly adaptive and may be influenced by environmental drivers such as river level fluctuations and seasonality, as well as anthropogenic factors like fuel prices and the creation of protected areas. These factors may limit access to habitats and species and thereby affect the spatial distribution of the fishing fleet. This study investigated whether and, if so, how the spatial distribution of the Central Amazon fishing fleet (CAFF) was affected by a series of environmental and anthropogenic variables over an 11-year period (1994–2004). We analyzed landings of the artisanal commercial fleet in Manaus and identified habitat types, target species, as well as hydrological anomalies, variations in fuel prices and the increase in the number of protected areas. In addition, we evaluated the drivers that determine the distribution of the CAFF. Our results demonstrated a contraction in the distance covered and surface explored by the CAFF, especially since 1998. River types, river levels, CPUE of river-lacustrine species, oil prices and hydrological anomalies had a significant effect on the dynamics of the CAFF.

亚马逊地区个体渔民对渔业资源的利用具有很强的适应性，可能会受到河流水位波动和季节性等环境因素以及燃料价格和保护区建立等人为因素的影响。这些因素可能会限制对栖息地和物种的获取，从而影响捕鱼船队的空间分布。本研究调查了亚马逊中部捕鱼船队（CAFF）的空间分布在 11 年内（1994-2004 年）是否受到一系列环境和人为变量的影响，如果受到影响，又是如何影响的。我们分析了玛瑙斯个体商业船队的上岸量，确定了栖息地类型、目标物种以及水文异常、燃料价格变化和保护区数量增加。此外，我们还评估了决定 CAFF 分布的驱动因素。我们的研究结果表明，特别是自 1998 年以来，CAFF 的活动距离和活动范围都在缩小。河流类型、河流水位、河流-湖泊物种的 CPUE、油价和水文异常对 CAFF 的动态有显著影响。

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引用次数: 0

Optimal configuration and three-dimensional light field of fishing lights on a squid fishing boat obtained using a space matrix algorithm 利用空间矩阵算法获得鱿鱼钓船上渔灯的最佳配置和三维光场

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107223

Ying Zhang , Xiaoshuang Huang , Xinjun Chen , Bilin Liu , Xianghong Kong , Qiankai Deng

The optimal configuration of squid fishing lights and the rational distribution of the three-dimensional light field are crucial research topics in the field of light-attracting fisheries. In the present study, light-emitting diode (LED) fishing lamps were measured to have a power of 150 W, luminous flux of 1693 lm, maximum luminous intensity of 907 cd, luminous efficiency of 13.0 lm/W, beam angle of 85.125°, and beam axis deviation angle of 1.0625°. A numerical calculation model based on the spatial matrix algorithm was established to determine the effective water volume of the LED fishing lamps. The three-dimensional effective water volume of fishing lamps was then simulated to study the effectiveness of lighting configurations for a type-8154 squid fishing boat. The results indicate that LED fish-aggregating lamps are most effective when the spacing between lamps is 1.0 m, the lamp height above the water is 6.5 m, and the illumination is within the range of 0.1–10 lx. The iso-illuminance line of 0.1 lx has a depth of approximately 37 m and a horizontal distance from the ship of approximately 51 m whereas the iso-illuminance line of 10 lx has a depth of approximately 14 m and a horizontal distance from the ship of approximately 33 m. The total effective water volume under these conditions is approximately 3.0 × 10⁵

m^{3}

. This paper highlights how the strong anisotropic specificity of LED fish-aggregating lights plays a crucial role in determining specific illumination volumes for the optimal fishing efficiency of light-fishing vessels.

鱿鱼钓灯的最佳配置和三维光场的合理分布是引光渔业领域的重要研究课题。本研究测量了发光二极管（LED）捕鱼灯的功率为 150 W，光通量为 1693 lm，最大光强为 907 cd，光效为 13.0 lm/W，光束角为 85.125°，光束轴偏角为 1.0625°。建立了基于空间矩阵算法的数值计算模型，以确定 LED 渔灯的有效水体积。然后模拟了渔灯的三维有效水体积，研究了 8154 型鱿鱼钓船的照明配置效果。结果表明，当灯与灯之间的间距为 1.0 米，灯离水面的高度为 6.5 米，照度在 0.1-10 lx 范围内时，LED 聚鱼灯的效果最佳。0.1 lx 的等照度线的深度约为 37 米，与船的水平距离约为 51 米，而 10 lx 的等照度线的深度约为 14 米，与船的水平距离约为 33 米。在这些条件下，总有效水体积约为 3.0 × 105 立方米。本文强调了 LED 聚鱼灯的强烈各向异性如何在确定特定照明量以实现灯光捕鱼船的最佳捕鱼效率方面发挥关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Comfort in stratification and trophic flexibility: argentine anchovy, Engraulis anchoita, larvae life traits in relation to their food sources 分层中的舒适性和营养灵活性：阿根廷鳀鱼（Engraulis anchoita）幼体的生命特征与其食物来源的关系

IF 2.2 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2024-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2024.107215

Marina Do Souto , Daniel Roberto Brown , Ezequiel Leonarduzzi , Ricardo Ismael Silva , Ana Martínez , Georgina Cepeda , Gustavo Javier Macchi , David Edgardo Galván , Marina Vera Diaz

Fish larvae feeding success is crucial for adult recruitment, which affects both fisheries and ecosystem regulation processes. Engraulis anchoita is a species of great ecological and fishing relevance in the South-West Atlantic Ocean, with a wide latitudinal distribution and active spawning throughout the year and strongly associated with frontal areas. E. anchoita larvae have been described as exclusively feeding on small copepods and their early developmental stages. In this study, the diet, nutritional condition, and daily growth of E. anchoita larvae were estimated in different environmental scenarios in the South-West Atlantic Ocean. Carbon and Nitrogen stable isotopes analysis, otolith microstructure analysis, and RNA/DNA index determination were performed. The larval diet, which was evaluated based on the availability of potential prey, varied with respect to the water column stability. It was observed that the larvae tend to feed on microphytoplankton in stratified waters and on calanoid copepods in waters with a homogeneous vertical structure. The growth and nutritional condition indexes responded to ontogeny, presenting higher values at larger larval sizes. Growth indexes also responded positively to the stratified water column structure in comparison to the homogeneous one. The nutritional condition index was only explained by the size of the individuals. This study found that E. anchoita larvae had greater trophic flexibility than previously suspected, as they included microphytoplankton as the main food item under certain oceanographic conditions without negative impacts on their growth or nutritional condition.

鱼类幼体的摄食成功与否对成鱼的繁殖至关重要，而成鱼的繁殖会影响渔业和生态系统的调节过程。Engraulis anchoita 是西南大西洋的一个重要生态和渔业物种，纬度分布广泛，全年产卵活跃，与锋面区域密切相关。据描述，E. anchoita 幼虫专门以小型桡足类及其早期发育阶段为食。本研究估算了西南大西洋不同环境条件下 E. anchoita 幼体的食性、营养状况和日生长量。研究人员进行了碳和氮稳定同位素分析、耳石微结构分析以及 RNA/DNA 指数测定。根据潜在猎物的可用性对幼虫的食性进行了评估，其食性随水体稳定性而变化。据观察，幼虫在分层水域倾向于摄食微浮游动物，而在垂直结构均匀的水域则倾向于摄食桡足类。生长和营养状况指数与个体发育有关，幼体越大，数值越高。与均匀水体结构相比，分层水体结构对生长指数也有积极影响。营养状况指数只能用个体大小来解释。这项研究发现，E. anchoita 幼体的营养灵活性比之前怀疑的要大，因为在特定的海洋条件下，它们将微浮游生物作为主要食物，而不会对其生长或营养状况产生负面影响。

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