Fisheries Research最新文献_第10页

Evidences of formation of predominant calcite polymorphs in otoliths of the fishes of riverine environment 河流环境鱼类耳石中方解石多晶形成的优势证据

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107552

Lubna Yasmeen, Mohd Sadiq, Mohd Hammad, Ameer Hamza, Begum Raziya Nargis, Mohammad Afzal Khan

Fish otoliths record biological and environmental history through a metabolically driven biomineralization process. The otolith's crystalline structure is due to the presence of calcium carbonate polymorphs that may influence trace element chemistry; thus, understanding otolith polymorphs is essential. This study employs confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy to investigate the crystalline polymorphs in otoliths of three freshwater fishes (Heteropneustes fossilis, Channa punctata, and Labeo bata) from the River Ganga. In all three fishes, Raman signals showed the strong calcite band intensities of v₁ stretching mode at 1087 cm⁻¹ and weak signals of lattice mode at 154.9 cm⁻¹, aragonite band intensities of v₄ vibrational mode at 707 cm⁻¹ and lattice mode at 208 cm⁻¹. The vaterite band intensities of the lattice mode were recorded in L. bata and C. punctata. The mean baseline-corrected Raman intensities were highest for calcite in all three fishes. The results suggested that calcite is the predominant polymorph in the selected fish species. The replacement of calcium by barium was mapped as witherite (BaCO₃) in H. fossilis and C. punctata. The Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc Dunn’s test revealed significant differences among nearly all polymorph intensities. The findings can help to understand the biological processes involved in otolith formation and growth. Further detailed research is warranted to decipher the ecological factors that could have led to the relative abundance of calcite polymorphs in the target fish species.

鱼耳石通过代谢驱动的生物矿化过程记录了生物和环境历史。耳石的晶体结构是由于碳酸钙多晶体的存在，可能影响微量元素的化学性质；因此，了解耳石的多态是必不可少的。本研究利用共聚焦微拉曼光谱研究了恒河三种淡水鱼（Heteropneustes化石、Channa punctata和Labeo bata）耳石中的晶体形态。在这三种鱼类中，拉曼信号显示v1拉伸模式的强方解石波段强度为1087 cm−1，晶格模式的弱信号为154.9 cm−1，文石波段强度为v4振动模式的707 cm−1和晶格模式的208 cm−1。记录了白莲花和刺花花晶格模式的紫外带强度。在所有三种鱼类中，方解石的平均基线校正拉曼强度最高。结果表明，方解石是所选鱼类的优势多态性。在石楠和石楠中，钙被钡取代，被定位为枯萎石（BaCO3）。Kruskal-Wallis和post - hoc Dunn测试揭示了几乎所有多晶型强度之间的显著差异。这一发现有助于了解耳石形成和生长的生物学过程。进一步的详细研究是必要的，以破译生态因素，可能导致方解石的多态性相对丰富的目标鱼类。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of FAD closure on the energy efficiency of the purse seine fishery: FAD vs free swimming school strategy 围网渔场关闭对围网渔场能源效率的影响：围网渔场与自由游泳学校策略

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107563

Joseba Castresana, Oihane C. Basurko, Maitane Grande, Nagore Cuevas, Gorka Gabiña, Josu Santiago

Tropical tuna purse seine fishing is one of the most important fisheries in the world, employing two strategies to fish: fish aggregating devices (FAD) and free-swimming school (FSC). International tuna management commissions have regulated the use of FADs to make the fishery more sustainable, by means of temporal FAD usage prohibitions, but the viability of these management measures is under debate. This study aims to (i) evaluate the energy efficiency, based on the fuel use intensity (FUI), carbon footprint and profitability (€_catch/€_fuel) of the tropical purse seine fishery, and (ii) determine the differences between fishing strategies, FAD versus FSC, in the Atlantic Ocean during FAD closure and non-closure periods by assessing, for the first time, the effect of FAD closure regulations in the energy efficiency and carbon footprint of the fishery. Data from 73 fishing trips (2019–2022) from 7 vessels were analysed, including vessel specifications, trip details, fuel usage, and catch data. FAD trips were more energy efficient, with lower carbon footprints and higher profitability (456 L/t; 1241.4 kgCO2/t; 2.93 €catch/€fuel) compared to FSC trips (1810 L/t; 4932.3 kgCO2/t; 2.54 €catch/€fuel) and mixed trips (588 L/t; 1602.0 kgCO2/t; 2.52 €catch/€fuel). During FAD closure, FSC trips had higher FUI and lower profitability (2736 L/t; 1.75 €catch/€fuel) than non-closure periods (541 L/t; 2.76 €catch/€fuel). FAD closure impacts the energy efficiency, carbon footprint, and economic profitability of the tropical tuna purse seine fishery; without FAD sets, FSC results in high FUI and low profitability.

热带金枪鱼围网捕捞是世界上最重要的渔业之一，采用两种捕捞策略：鱼群聚集装置（FAD）和自由游动鱼群（FSC）。国际金枪鱼管理委员会通过暂时禁止使用FAD的办法管制FAD的使用，使渔业更可持续，但这些管理措施的可行性正在辩论中。本研究旨在(i)基于燃料使用强度（FUI）、碳足迹和盈利能力（€渔获量/€燃料）评估热带围网渔业的能源效率；（ii）通过首次评估围网渔业关闭法规对渔业能源效率和碳足迹的影响，确定大西洋在围网渔业关闭和非关闭期间的捕捞策略（FAD与FSC）之间的差异。分析了来自7艘船只的73次捕鱼行程（2019-2022年）的数据，包括船只规格、行程细节、燃料使用和捕捞数据。与FSC行程（1810 L/t; 4932.3 kgCO2/t； 2.54€渔获量/€燃料）和混合行程（588 L/t; 1602.0 kgCO2/t； 2.52€渔获量/€燃料）相比，FAD行程更节能，碳足迹更低，盈利能力更高（456 L/t; 1241.4 kgCO2/t； 2.93€渔获量/€燃料）。在FAD关闭期间，FSC行程的FUI高于非关闭期间（541 L/t； 2.76€渔获量/€燃料），盈利能力较低（2736 L/t； 1.75€渔获量/€燃料）。FAD的关闭影响了热带金枪鱼围网渔业的能源效率、碳足迹和经济盈利能力；没有FAD设备，FSC导致高FUI和低盈利能力。

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引用次数: 0

Estimates and potential drivers of protected species bycatch in the California set gillnet fishery 加州刺网渔业中受保护物种副渔获的估计和潜在驱动因素

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107560

Yutian Fang , James V. Carretta , Christopher M. Free

The identification of efficient management strategies that reduce protected species bycatch while also minimizing impacts on fishing livelihoods is a global conservation challenge. Identifying such strategies requires understanding levels of bycatch relative to management targets as well as the relationship between bycatch risk and potential management actions. In this study, we use ratio estimation to reconstruct bycatch of select marine mammal and seabird species in the California ≥ 3.5” set gillnet fishery from 1981 to 2022 and random forest models to identify potential drivers and hotspots of bycatch risk. We find that bycatch has dropped precipitously since the 1980s as a result of management-induced reductions in fishing effort, but at significant costs to fisheries participation and revenues. Recent marine mammal bycatch ranges from 0.1 % to 4.0 % of the potential biological removal and marine mammal populations are recovering. Spatial-temporal correlates of bycatch risk were more important than fishing-related correlates of risk, suggesting that spatial-temporal closures would reduce bycatch more reliably than mesh size or soak time restrictions. For each species, we identified 1–3 hotspots of bycatch risk as candidates for temporary seasonal closures. Bycatch risk for harbor seal (Phoca vitulina) and California sea lion (Zalophus californianus), the species with the greatest bycatch risk, is especially high from April 1st to June 15th, suggesting that hotspot closures during this 2.5-month time period could be particularly efficient. Our study also highlights the value of competing multiple sample balancing approaches to identify methods that best predict rare bycatch events.

确定有效的管理战略，减少受保护物种的副渔获，同时尽量减少对渔业生计的影响，是一项全球保护挑战。确定这种战略需要了解副渔获物相对于管理目标的水平，以及副渔获物风险与潜在管理行动之间的关系。本研究利用比值估算法重建1981 - 2022年加州≥ 3.5”刺网渔业中部分海洋哺乳动物和海鸟的副渔获量，并利用随机森林模型识别副渔获风险的潜在驱动因素和热点。我们发现，自20世纪80年代以来，副渔获量急剧下降，这是由于管理导致的捕捞努力量减少，但对渔业参与和收入造成了重大损失。最近的海洋哺乳动物副渔获量占潜在生物捕获量的0.1% %至4. %，海洋哺乳动物种群正在恢复。副渔获物风险的时空相关性比捕捞相关风险更重要，这表明时空封闭比网眼尺寸或浸泡时间限制更可靠地减少副渔获物。对于每个物种，我们确定了1-3个副渔获物风险热点作为临时季节性关闭的候选者。4月1日至6月15日期间，海豹（Phoca vitulina）和加利福尼亚海狮（Zalophus californianus）的副捕获风险最高，这表明在这2.5个月的时间内关闭热点可能特别有效。我们的研究还强调了竞争多样本平衡方法的价值，以确定最佳预测罕见副渔获物事件的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Long-distance migrations of catfishes in two large tropical rivers: The Ayeyarwady and Mekong rivers 两大热带河流：伊洛瓦底江和湄公河中鲶鱼的长途迁徙

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107562

An V. Vu , Lee J. Baumgartner , John Conallin , Zau Lunn , Nyein Chan , Ian G. Cowx , Martin Mallen-Cooper , Gregory S. Doran , Bronwyn M. Gillanders , Jason D. Thiem , Cameron M. Kewish , Karin Limburg

Understanding fish migration ecology is crucial for fisheries management. In this study, trace element and strontium isotope ratios were analysed in otoliths (ear-stones) of four economically important catfish species (Pangasiidae): Pangasius krempfi and P. mekongensis in the Mekong River, and P. pangasius and Pangasius sp. in the Ayeyarwady River to understand their migratory behaviour. Our findings showed that all four catfish species exhibited long-distance migrations: specifically, growth occurred in marine and brackish environments but migrations to fresh water were undertaken for spawning (anadromy). We identified cyclical variation in otolith elemental concentrations, suggesting these catfishes either migrated repeatedly between brackish and marine environments, or remained in estuarine areas where water chemistry varied seasonally. Additionally, evidence of multiple migration strategies was found among these catfishes. Regardless of species or river system there was consistent evidence supporting long-distance migrations that extended up to 3000 km on a return trip between feeding (marine) and spawning grounds (freshwater). To maintain viable populations of these long-distance migratory catfishes, ensuring river-to-sea connectivity is essential for the completion of their life cycles. Local and regional management plans should be developed to regulate anthropogenic pressures (e.g. dams and fishing) along their migration routes and current or planned water infrastructure should address the requirement for unimpeded bi-directional movement.

了解鱼类洄游生态学对渔业管理至关重要。本研究分析了4种经济上重要的鲶鱼（Pangasius krempfi和P. mekongensis）的耳石（耳石）中的微量元素和锶同位素比值，以了解它们在湄公河和伊洛瓦底江的迁移行为。我们的研究结果表明，所有四种鲶鱼都表现出长距离迁徙：具体来说，生长发生在海洋和微咸环境中，但迁徙到淡水中产卵（逆行性）。我们发现了耳石元素浓度的周期性变化，表明这些鲶鱼要么在咸淡水和海洋环境之间反复迁移，要么留在水化学季节性变化的河口地区。此外，在这些鲶鱼中发现了多种迁移策略的证据。无论物种或河流系统如何，都有一致的证据支持长距离迁徙，在觅食（海洋）和产卵（淡水）之间的往返中延伸了3000 公里。为了维持这些长途迁徙鲶鱼的生存种群，确保河流与海洋的连通性对于完成它们的生命周期至关重要。应制订地方和区域管理计划，以管制迁徙路线沿线的人为压力（例如水坝和捕鱼），现有或计划中的水基础设施应满足不受阻碍的双向流动的要求。

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引用次数: 0

Habitat connectivity and stock structure of the dog snapper (Lutjanus jocu) in the southwestern Atlantic 西南大西洋鲷的生境连通性和种群结构

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107551

Patrick Derviche , Michael Dance , Mario Condini , Eduardo Costa , Fabian Sá , Felippe Daros , Maurício Hostim-Silva , Marcelo Soeth

Although the dog snapper Lutjanus jocu has experienced population declines in the southwestern Atlantic due to overfishing and habitat quality loss, information on the contribution of distinct nursery habitats (NHs) to the exploited populations on adult grounds (AGs) is scarce. We assessed the connectivity among juvenile (n = 98) and adult (n = 69) dog snappers across three NHs and two AGs along over 400 km of a tropical coastline. By identifying otolith multi-elemental signatures using a Random Forest model, we achieved a good overall classification accuracy of 77.2 % (TSS = 0.716). Following a life history criteria in stock delineation, we identified two exploited dog snapper’ stocks that exhibited marked contrasts in nursery origin. The exploited stock from southern upwelling AGs predominantly originated from estuarine environments (84.0 %), suggesting a strong dependence on mangroves. In contrast, stock from northern warm-water AGs displayed a higher diversity in the habitat’s nursery origin, with most individuals coming from the marine environment (75.0 %). Of these, 68.2 % were from their own non-upwelling AGs, consisting of biogenic coral reefs, and 6.8 % from upwelling AGs, characterized by rocky reefs. Barium was the most important element in habitat discrimination, accounting for 31.0 % of the model performance, while other elements, such as Al, Cu, Zn, and Pb contributed less than 10 % each. In conclusion, our results support the existence of two stocks by exhibiting distinct life history traits, that managers may consider when implementing fisheries management measures or designing protected areas.

尽管由于过度捕捞和栖息地质量下降，西南大西洋的狗鲷数量下降，但关于不同苗圃栖息地（NHs）对成年地（AGs）被开采种群的贡献的信息很少。我们评估了沿400 公里热带海岸线跨越三个NHs和两个AGs的幼犬（n = 98）和成年犬（n = 69）之间的连通性。通过使用随机森林模型识别耳石多元素特征，我们获得了良好的总体分类准确率为77.2 % （TSS = 0.716）。在种群划分的生活史标准下，我们确定了两个被开发的狗鲷种群，它们在苗圃起源上表现出明显的对比。南部上升流AGs的被开发种群主要来自河口环境（84.0 %），对红树林有较强的依赖性。北部暖水AGs的种群在生境苗圃来源中表现出较高的多样性，大多数个体来自海洋环境（75.0% %）。其中68.2% %来自自身非上升流AGs，主要为生物成因的珊瑚礁；6.8% %来自以岩礁为特征的上升流AGs。钡元素是生境判别中最重要的元素，占模型性能的31.0% %，而Al、Cu、Zn和Pb元素的贡献均小于10 %。总之，我们的研究结果通过展示不同的生活史特征来支持两种种群的存在，管理者在实施渔业管理措施或设计保护区时可以考虑这些特征。

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引用次数: 0

Institutional context and methods of knowledge mobilization: The case of Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) – Certified fishery of Lagonoy Gulf, Bicol Region, Philippines 制度背景和知识动员的方法：海洋管理委员会（MSC）案例-菲律宾比科尔地区Lagonoy湾的认证渔业

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107543

Gideon Binobo , Ben Bradshaw , Ataharul Chowdhury

Knowledge mobilization is a key issue in fisheries governance and an instrument to leverage effective governance. There exists a significant research gap about how a certified fishery supports knowledge mobilization in the Philippines. To answer this gap, this study was tailored to investigate the relevance of knowledge mobilization in the context of Marine Stewardship Council (MSC)-certified fishery based in Lagonoy Gulf, Philippines. Specifically, this study was carried out to: analyze the institutional context of MSC-certified fishery based in Lagonoy Gulf; examine the level of awareness of small-scale fishers with respect to MSC certification program; determine whether the MSC certification program has facilitated the taking of adaptation pathways among small-scale fishers; and identify the most preferred method of knowledge mobilization among small-scale fishers. Data were collected through key-informant interviews, subject interviews, focus-group discussions and participant observation. Interview transcripts were uploaded to NVivo platform for data collation and were inputted to the Voyant tools for discourse analysis. Results of this study revealed that fisheries governance in Lagonoy Gulf is immersed in fragmented collaborative governance where hierarchical, market-based and participatory governance modes converge. Majority of small-scale fishers of Lagonoy Gulf were unfamiliar about MSC certification as a market-based program. MSC fisheries certification missed the opportunity to facilitate the fishers to take on adaptation pathways to deal with climate change and other stressors. To promote knowledge mobilization, ‘incentivized community meetings and seminars’ were identified as effective motivators. The limited understanding of fishers regarding MSC certification highlights a failure in knowledge mobilization.

知识动员是渔业治理的一个关键问题，也是利用有效治理的一个工具。关于获得认证的渔业如何支持菲律宾的知识动员，存在着重大的研究差距。为了弥补这一差距，本研究专门调查了菲律宾拉古诺湾海洋管理委员会（MSC）认证渔业背景下知识动员的相关性。具体而言，本研究的目的是：分析拉贡诺伊湾msc认证渔业的制度背景；检查小规模渔民对MSC认证计划的认识水平；确定MSC认证计划是否促进了小规模渔民采取适应途径；并确定在小规模渔民中最优选的知识动员方法。通过关键信息提供者访谈、受试者访谈、焦点小组讨论和参与者观察收集数据。访谈记录上传到NVivo平台进行数据整理，并输入Voyant工具进行话语分析。研究结果表明，拉贡诺湾的渔业治理处于碎片化的协同治理模式，分层、市场化和参与式治理模式相互融合。拉古诺湾的大多数小规模渔民并不熟悉MSC认证这一市场化项目。MSC渔业认证错过了帮助渔民采取适应途径来应对气候变化和其他压力的机会。为了促进知识动员，“激励性社区会议和研讨会”被确定为有效的激励因素。渔民对MSC认证的有限理解凸显了知识动员的失败。

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引用次数: 0

Article title: Effects of a fishery closure on the European eel stock on the Swedish west coast 文章标题：渔业关闭对瑞典西海岸欧洲鳗鱼种群的影响

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107564

Torbjörn Säterberg , David Gilljam , Per B. Holliland , Philip Jacobson , Rob van Gemert

Fishing bans are implemented as management measures aimed at rebuilding depleted stocks, albeit with varying levels of success. In 2012, the commercial fishery for the European eel stock on the Swedish west coast was closed to increase the spawning migration from this local stock. However, despite being regarded as one of the most important management measures implemented in Swedish eel management, an assessment of the effects of this fishing closure on the eel stock has not previously been conducted. Here, in an integrated analysis, we use historical catch data in conjunction with standardized fisheries independent fyke-net data from three sites along the Swedish west coast to build a novel stock assessment model to quantify the effects of the fishery closure. The model is length-based, and escapement rates—that is, the rate at which eels escape from the system to migrate to and spawn in the Sargasso Sea—are estimated as an integral part of the analysis. Our results suggest that total escapement has increased fourfold compared to historical levels (compared to 1988–2011) and that the stock has reached its potential maximum escapement under current low recruitment conditions. Hence, the fishing closure seems to have had its intended effect of rebuilding a depleted stock, though it should be acknowledged that post fishing closure estimates of eel escapement are based on survey data from only three local sites. Nevertheless, our study constitutes a rare example of where the effects of management actions targeting European eel have been quantified.

虽然取得了不同程度的成功，但捕鱼禁令是作为旨在恢复枯竭鱼群的管理措施而实施的。2012年，瑞典西海岸关闭了欧洲鳗鱼的商业捕捞，以增加当地鳗鱼的产卵洄游。然而，尽管被认为是瑞典鳗鱼管理中实施的最重要的管理措施之一，但以前没有对这一捕捞关闭对鳗鱼种群的影响进行评估。在这里，在一项综合分析中，我们将瑞典西海岸三个地点的历史捕捞数据与标准化渔业独立的fyke-net数据结合起来，建立了一个新的种群评估模型，以量化渔业关闭的影响。该模型是基于长度的，而逃逸率——也就是鳗鱼从系统中逃逸到马尾藻海并在那里产卵的速度——被估计为分析的一个组成部分。我们的研究结果表明，与历史水平（与1988-2011年相比）相比，总擒纵度增加了四倍，并且在当前低招募条件下，该种群已达到其潜在的最大擒纵度。因此，休渔期似乎达到了重建枯竭鱼类的预期效果，尽管应该承认，休渔期后对鳗鱼逃逸的估计是根据仅三个地方地点的调查数据。尽管如此，我们的研究构成了一个罕见的例子，其中针对欧洲鳗鱼的管理行动的影响已经被量化。

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引用次数: 0

Sclerochronological age synchrony corroborates remarkable lifespan and protracted asymptotic growth for a deepwater snapper (Pristipomoides zonatus) in the Indian and Pacific Oceans 在印度洋和太平洋的深水鲷鱼（pritipomoides zonatus）的显著寿命和持久的渐近生长的时代同步证实

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107555

Corey B. Wakefield , Joyce J.L. Ong , Ashley J. Williams , Brett M. Taylor , Allen H. Andrews , Mark Burton , Simon J. Nicol , Stephen J. Newman

Although Pristipomoides zonatus (oblique banded snapper) constitutes an important fisheries resource throughout its broad geographic distribution across the Indo-Pacific region, life history information remains poorly understood, particularly throughout the southern hemisphere. This study used nascent otolith preparation methods to produce very thin transverse sections (∼150 µm) that improved the accuracy and precision of age estimates. The use of sclerochronological crossdating determined that opaque zones were deposited annually in otoliths and were synchronous with time-specific environmental climate records (i.e., the Leeuwin Current) over nearly four decades (1969–2007). These chronologies also exhibited a strong inter-series correlation that indicated clear and synchronous growth among all individuals (expressed population signal, EPS = 0.728). The growth of this species differed significantly between sexes and oceans, with each sex reaching a greater length-at-age in the Pacific Ocean compared to the Indian Ocean, and males attained a greater length-at-age than females within each ocean. All growth trajectories exhibited a very protracted asymptote of up to five decades with exceptional longevities recorded for both oceanic regions to a maximum age of 60 years. The results of this study indicated that stock assessments of P. zonatus would benefit from an explicit understanding of the regional biology and the use of sex-specific growth curves for more reliable biomass estimates.

尽管斜带鲷鱼（Pristipomoides zonatus）在印度太平洋地区广泛的地理分布中构成了重要的渔业资源，但其生活史信息仍然知之甚少，特别是在整个南半球。本研究使用新生耳石制备方法产生非常薄的横截面（~ 150 µm），提高了年龄估计的准确性和精度。使用年代交叉测年法确定耳石中每年沉积不透明带，并与近40年来（1969-2007）特定时间的环境气候记录（即Leeuwin洋流）同步。这些年代学也表现出很强的序列间相关性，表明所有个体的生长都是同步的（表达的种群信号，EPS = 0.728）。该物种的生长在性别和海洋之间存在显著差异，与印度洋相比，在太平洋中，每种性别的年龄长度都大于印度洋，在每个海洋中，雄性的年龄长度都大于雌性。所有的生长轨迹都表现出长达50年的非常漫长的渐近线，两个海洋区域都记录了异常长的寿命，最长可达60岁。本研究结果表明，明确地了解区域生物学和利用性别特异性生长曲线进行生物量估算将有利于对带鱼种群进行评估。

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引用次数: 0

Rearing endangered atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) in modified marine aquaculture systems for population conservation in Eastern Canada 在加拿大东部改良的海洋养殖系统中饲养濒危大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar）以保护种群

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107553

Corey N. Clarke , John M. Whitelaw , John W. Robinson , Matthew J. Ingersoll

We document the first known marine aquaculture farm established and dedicated to rearing wild-origin Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) for population restoration. Juvenile salmon of a common lineage were collected from the wild in Fundy National Park, in Eastern Canada and reared in a captive marine environment using modified commercial aquaculture systems. Each year from 2015 to 2024, cohorts of mature fish were tagged at the marine farm and transferred by truck for release back into to the Upper Salmon River in Fundy National Park, at the time they would be naturally returning from sea to spawn the next generation. Our rearing and release strategy avoided high mortality during the marine life stage, which is the factor most limiting population recovery. Post-released adult salmon were observed returning naturally in subsequent years from 2016 to 2024. This work contributed to our objective to increase counts of returning adult salmon, which were otherwise absent from 1995 to 2007, following a population collapse. The scale of benefits from released and returning salmon require further quantification, but the current study provides a promising template for consideration and implementation by other jurisdictions that are facing futures without salmon, and the associated loss of benefits to ecosystems, community, and culture that follow.

我们记录了第一个已知的海洋水产养殖场，并致力于饲养野生大西洋鲑鱼（Salmo salar），以恢复种群。研究人员从加拿大东部芬迪国家公园的野外收集了一种共同血统的幼年鲑鱼，并使用改良的商业水产养殖系统在圈养的海洋环境中饲养。从2015年到2024年，每年都有一批成熟的鱼在海洋养殖场被贴上标签，然后用卡车转移到芬迪国家公园的上鲑鱼河，届时它们将自然地从海上返回产卵下一代。我们的饲养和放生策略避免了海洋生物阶段的高死亡率，这是最限制种群恢复的因素。从2016年到2024年，观察到释放后的成年鲑鱼在随后的几年中自然返回。这项工作有助于我们增加成年鲑鱼回归数量的目标，否则，1995年至2007年，由于种群数量锐减，成年鲑鱼就会消失。释放和返回鲑鱼的效益规模需要进一步量化，但目前的研究提供了一个有希望的模板，供其他司法管辖区考虑和实施，这些司法管辖区面临着没有鲑鱼的未来，以及随之而来的生态系统、社区和文化的相关利益损失。

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引用次数: 0

Integration of fisheries and ecological data to support spatial management: The case of blackspot seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo) in the western Mediterranean Sea 整合渔业和生态数据以支持空间管理：西地中海黑斑海鲷（Pagellus bogaraveo）的案例

IF 2.3 2区农林科学 Q2 FISHERIES

Fisheries Research

Pub Date : 2025-10-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.fishres.2025.107549

Diego Panzeri , Juan Gil Herrera , Cristina García-Ruíz , Lucia Rueda , Meryem Benziane , Mohammed Idrissi Malouli , Pilar Hernández , Simone Libralato

Spatial measures are often used to support fisheries management. The European Union, for example, has emphasized the importance of the spatial aspect to protect overfished stocks and to find a better approach to fisheries management. Nevertheless, careful selection of which marine areas to manage with greater precaution is essential to optimize their benefits. In this work, we estimated hot spots of aggregation using a species distribution model developed with template model builder (sdmTMB) on density indices (number of individuals/km²) for blackspot seabream (Pagellus bogaraveo) for two length ranges (< = 20 cm and > 20 cm). We applied the model to scientific bottom trawl surveys conducted in the Alboran Sea (western Mediterranean) and to a dataset of georeferenced commercial catches (CPUE, Catch Per Unit Effort or fishery-dependent data) in the Strait of Gibraltar. In addition, the effects of oceanographic variables on the distribution of species was tested. The identified best distributions for both length ranges are used to determine hot spots of aggregation for the two size classes from 1994 to 2021 in northern Alboran Sea, from 2018 to 2021 in southern Alboran Sea and from 2005 to 2009 in the Strait of Gibraltar area. Identified persistent hot spots (as an hotspot area across all years of the time series) represent key ecological areas for the species that might be considered in future management plans. In the Northern Alboran Sea, 5 ecologically important areas were identified for smaller size individuals and 2 for the larger sized individuals. The overlap with the current effort estimates revealed two areas (one for smaller and one for larger specimens) off Cabo de Gata and Almeria that could have significant ecological impacts with minimal socio-economic disadvantages if further protected. These could be two future management areas (e.g. Fisheries Restricted Area - FRA) that could be important for stock dynamics. The results confirm the ecological preferences of the species that were disentangled by Species Distribution Models (SDMs) as well as its useful contribution to support the management of this depleted species in the Mediterranean sea.

通常采用空间措施来支持渔业管理。例如，欧洲联盟强调了空间方面对保护过度捕捞的鱼类和寻找更好的渔业管理办法的重要性。然而，仔细选择哪些海洋区域需要更谨慎地管理，这对于最大限度地发挥其效益至关重要。本文利用模板模型生成器（sdmTMB）建立的物种分布模型，对黑斑海鲷（Pagellus bogaraveo）在两个长度范围（< = 20 cm和>； 20 cm）的密度指数（个体数/km2）进行了聚集热点估计。我们将该模型应用于在Alboran海（地中海西部）进行的科学底拖网调查，以及直布罗陀海峡的地理参考商业捕捞数据集（CPUE，单位努力捕捞量或渔业相关数据）。此外，还测试了海洋变量对物种分布的影响。利用确定的两个长度范围的最佳分布来确定1994 - 2021年Alboran海北部、2018 - 2021年Alboran海南部和2005 - 2009年直布罗陀海峡地区两种大小类别的聚集热点。确定的持续热点（作为贯穿时间序列所有年份的热点区域）代表了该物种的关键生态区域，这些区域可能在未来的管理计划中被考虑。在北Alboran海，确定了5个小型个体的生态重要区和2个大型个体的生态重要区。与目前努力估计的重叠显示，加塔角和阿尔梅里亚附近有两个区域（一个是较小的区域，一个是较大的区域），如果进一步保护，可能会产生重大的生态影响，而社会经济损失最小。这可能是对种群动态很重要的两个未来管理领域（例如渔业禁区）。研究结果证实了通过物种分布模型（SDMs）分离的物种的生态偏好，并为支持地中海这一枯竭物种的管理做出了有益的贡献。

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引用次数: 0