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Authors' Response to "The Growing Divide Between Teaching Empathy and Being Empathetic". 作者对 "移情教学与被移情之间的鸿沟越来越大 "的回应。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-10-24 DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2024.999682
A Emiko Blalock, Madison Tluczek, Stacey Pylman
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引用次数: 0
The Growing Divide Between Teaching Empathy and Being Empathetic. 教人移情与做人移情之间的鸿沟越来越大。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-10-23 DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2024.376434
Arindam Sarkar
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引用次数: 0
Supporting International Medical Graduate Workforce Integration in the 2024 US Election. 在 2024 年美国大选中支持国际医学毕业生队伍的融合。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2024.706876
Cameron J Sabet, Mohamed Khalif, Nguyen Quoc Hoan, Sarah Kureshi
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引用次数: 0
Where Are They Now? Alumni Outcomes From a Medical School Primary Care Pathway Program. 他们现在在哪里?医学院初级护理路径项目的校友成果。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2024.942291
Jo Marie Reilly, Isabel Edge, Ilana Greenberg

Background and objectives: Many medical schools have implemented primary care tracks to increase the number of medical students pursuing primary care. The Primary Care Program (PCP) at the Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California is a 4-year primary care pathway that trains medical students to work in urban, underserved communities and has shown high student match rates into primary care residencies. This study evaluates the PCP graduates in residency and after residency, and assesses their career outcomes, their career characteristics, and the impact their PCP experience had on their careers.

Methods: All PCP alumni who graduated between 2015 and 2022 were invited to complete a 21-item Qualtrics (Qualtrics, LLC) survey. Descriptive data analysis was conducted through Qualtrics, and open-ended data were coded for themes.

Results: Seventy percent of PCP alumni (86/122) responded to the survey, with 65% (56/86) in residency/fellowship and 35% (30/86) in practice. Among those who matched into primary care residencies (61/86, 71%), the percentage that practiced or intended to practice general primary care was 70% (43/61). Respondents in practice (30) described their practice characteristics, including locations and payor mix consistent with majority underserved communities. Open-ended responses captured the impact that the PCP had on alumni's careers, with themes including mentorship, friendship/community, educational/service experiences, future career, exposure to types/kinds of practice, and social determinants of health exposure.

Conclusions: PCP alumni credit this program with impacting their retention in primary care and their career trajectories. This program can serve as a model for other institutions to help increase the number of medical students who pursue primary care careers.

背景和目标:许多医学院都开设了初级护理方向,以增加从事初级护理的医学生人数。南加州大学凯克医学院的初级保健项目(PCP)是一个为期 4 年的初级保健方向,它培训医学生在城市、服务不足的社区工作,并显示出学生进入初级保健住院医师培训机构的高匹配率。本研究评估了初级保健专业毕业生在住院实习期间和实习结束后的情况,并评估了他们的职业成果、职业特点以及初级保健专业经历对其职业生涯的影响:所有在 2015 年至 2022 年期间毕业的初级保健医生校友都受邀完成了一项包含 21 个项目的 Qualtrics (Qualtrics, LLC) 调查。通过 Qualtrics 进行描述性数据分析,并对开放式数据进行主题编码:70%的初级保健医生校友(86/122)对调查做出了回应,其中 65%(56/86)在实习/研究中,35%(30/86)在实践中。在符合初级保健实习条件的受访者中(61/86,71%),从事或打算从事普通初级保健的比例为 70%(43/61)。正在执业的受访者(30 人)描述了他们的执业特点,包括与大多数服务不足社区一致的地点和付款人组合。开放式回答反映了初级保健项目对校友职业生涯的影响,主题包括导师、友谊/社区、教育/服务经历、未来职业、接触实践类型/种类以及接触健康的社会决定因素:初级保健医生校友们认为,该计划对他们留在初级保健行业及其职业轨迹产生了影响。该计划可作为其他院校的典范,帮助增加从事初级医疗职业的医学生人数。
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引用次数: 0
Upstream Advocacy: Family Medicine Promotion of Voting. 上游宣传:家庭医学促进投票。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2024.724313
Bich-May Nguyen
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引用次数: 0
An Exploratory Study of Published Case Reports Using a Systematic Typology. 利用系统分类法对已发表的病例报告进行探索性研究。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2024.976230
Dean A Seehusen, Ahana Gaurav, Lina Nguyen, Piawoh Bujung, Jesica Burke, Kathleen McIntyre, Sandya Vikram, Taylor Lee, Stephanie Jiang, Toure Jones, Elijah Alston, Thomas Lyons, William Hood Souter, B Palmer Freshley, Christy J W Ledford

Background and objectives: Case reports are a popular publication type, especially for medical learners. They also are an excellent educational vehicle that can spark a long-term interest in scholarship for medical learners. To maximize publication potential, authors need a framework when writing a case report.

Methods: We did a manifest content analysis on case reports published in 12 peer-reviewed medical journals between 2010 and 2019. We classified the case reports as detection, extension, diffusion, or fascination. The objective of our study was to determine whether case reports can successfully be classified by their primary contribution to the medial literature as detection, extension, diffusion, or fascination case reports.

Results: Using a predefined search strategy, we identified 1,005 manuscripts identified as case reports published from 2010 to 2019 in 12 journals from a variety of medical specialties. Only 673 of the 1,005 (67.0%) met our criteria for a case report. Of these, 59.1% most closely fit the category of diffusion case reports. Fascination case reports were the least common (1.2%). The format of published case reports varied widely among journals.

Conclusions: Case reports can be categorized according to their main contribution to the medical literature. Nearly 60% of all published case reports in this study were not published for the purpose of introducing a novel clinical entity. Instead, they were used as a vehicle to educate clinicians about previously described phenomena. Authors seeking to publish case reports should understand how the framing of their report is likely to influence their chances of being published.

背景和目的:病例报告是一种很受欢迎的出版物类型,尤其是对医学学习者而言。病例报告也是一种很好的教育载体,可以激发医学学习者对学术的长期兴趣。为了最大限度地发挥发表潜力,作者在撰写病例报告时需要一个框架:我们对 2010 年至 2019 年间发表在 12 种同行评审医学期刊上的病例报告进行了显性内容分析。我们将病例报告分为检测型、扩展型、扩散型和魅力型。我们的研究目的是确定病例报告是否能成功地按其对医学文献的主要贡献分为检测、扩展、扩散或迷信病例报告:使用预定义的搜索策略,我们找到了 2010 年至 2019 年期间在 12 种医学专业期刊上发表的 1005 篇被认定为病例报告的手稿。在这 1005 篇稿件中,只有 673 篇(67.0%)符合我们的病例报告标准。其中,59.1%最符合扩散性病例报告的类别。魅力病例报告最少见(1.2%)。不同期刊发表的病例报告格式差异很大:病例报告可根据其对医学文献的主要贡献进行分类。在本研究中,近 60% 已发表的病例报告并不是为了介绍一种新的临床实体。相反,它们被用作向临床医生介绍以前描述过的现象的工具。希望发表病例报告的作者应该了解报告的框架如何影响其发表的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Three Types of Uncertainty: A Qualitative Study of Family Medicine Residents. 三种不确定性:对全科医学住院医生的定性研究。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2024.798978
Laura Purkl, Konrad Hierasimowicz, Norbert Donner-Banzhoff

Background and objectives: Many past studies have focused on uncertainty in medical practice, yet it is still not well understood in the field of family medicine, especially among residents. The aim of this study was to examine situations in which residents experience uncertainty and the coping strategies they use to deal with it. The results may have implications for advanced training programs and the specialist training in family medicine.

Methods: We conducted semistandardized interviews with 15 residents and young family doctors from Hesse, Germany and asked them to describe cases in which they experienced uncertainty. In total, 40 cases were reported. Using established methods, we derived a coding system with different categories.

Results: Uncertainty occurred in a broad and heterogenous range of cases, and it often involved complex interaction of biomedical, interpersonal, and psychosocial factors. The participants described various strategies that were helpful in dealing with the three different types of uncertainty. To deal with biomedical uncertainty, the residents primarily found information-seeking and consulting more experienced colleagues to be useful. In dealing with interpersonal and psychosocial uncertainty, they applied reflective strategies. Participants suggested open communication and honest dialogue about uncertainty and the thematization of the topic at much earlier stages (eg, during medical studies).

Conclusions: Family medicine residents experience uncertainty as an important part of their daily work. They do not necessarily interpret it as a negative phenomenon. Instead, uncertain situations often accompany learning effectiveness and an increase of self-confidence.

背景和目的:过去的许多研究都关注医疗实践中的不确定性,但在全科医学领域,尤其是住院医师中,人们对不确定性的了解还不够深入。本研究旨在探讨住院医师在哪些情况下会遇到不确定性,以及他们应对不确定性的策略。研究结果可能会对高级培训项目和全科医学专科培训产生影响:我们对来自德国黑森州的 15 名住院医师和年轻家庭医生进行了半标准化访谈,请他们描述他们遇到不确定性的案例。共报告了 40 个案例。我们采用已有的方法,建立了一个包含不同类别的编码系统:结果:不确定性发生在各种不同的病例中,通常涉及生物医学、人际关系和社会心理因素的复杂相互作用。参与者描述了有助于应对三种不同类型不确定性的各种策略。在处理生物医学方面的不确定性时,住院医师们主要认为信息搜索和向更有经验的同事请教是有用的。在处理人际关系和社会心理方面的不确定性时,他们采用了反思策略。学员们建议就不确定性进行公开交流和坦诚对话,并在更早的阶段(如医学学习期间)将该主题主题化:全科住院医师将不确定性视为日常工作的重要组成部分。他们并不一定将不确定性理解为消极现象。相反,不确定的情况往往伴随着学习效率的提高和自信心的增强。
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引用次数: 0
Resident Instruction: Improving End-of-Year Medical Student Ultrasound Performance. 住院医师指导:提高医科学生的年终超声成绩。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2024.326354
Michael J Taylor, Ayesha Gittens, Drew Beaubian, James Grady, Meghan Kelly Herbst

Background and objectives: Having a limited number of trained faculty is a barrier to successful incorporation of ultrasound into undergraduate medical education. We evaluated the effectiveness of a resident-led extended focused assessment with sonography in trauma (eFAST) session administered to fourth-year medical students during their emergency medicine clerkship by measuring students' end-of-year eFAST performance and confidence.

Methods: This was a single-site cross-sectional study of all graduating medical students enrolled in fourth-year clerkships between May 1, 2022 and April 30, 2023. A 60-minute, team-based eFAST session (intervention), taught by emergency medicine residents, was added to students' fourth-year emergency medicine clerkship in September 2022. All students were assigned to review an eFAST video (control). End-of-year performance and self-reported confidence assessments used a 20-point objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) and a 5-point Likert scale, respectively. The mean OSCE and confidence scores for control and intervention groups were compared using two-sample t tests and repeated after removing students exposed to additional US experiences.

Results: Of 113 eligible students, 103 students participated: 48 in the control group, 55 in the intervention group. The intervention group scored higher on the OSCE than the control group (11.9 ±4.6 vs 9.9 ±5.1, P=.04) and reported similar confidence (3.2 ±1.0 vs 2.8 ±1.2; P=.09). After removing the 28 students with additional US experiences, the intervention group scored higher (10.8 ± 4.4 vs 8.2 ± 4.0; P=.01) and reported higher confidence (3.0 ±1.0 vs. 2.3 ±1.0, P=.01).

Conclusions: Resident-taught eFAST instruction during emergency medicine clerkships led to improved end-of-year fourth-year medical student eFAST performance and confidence.

背景和目标:训练有素的教师人数有限是将超声技术成功纳入本科医学教育的一个障碍。我们通过测量学生的年终 eFAST 成绩和自信心,评估了由住院医师主导的创伤超声造影扩展重点评估(eFAST)课程对四年级医学生在急诊医学实习期间的效果:这是一项针对 2022 年 5 月 1 日至 2023 年 4 月 30 日期间所有即将毕业的四年级实习医学生的单点横断面研究。2022 年 9 月,在学生的四年级急诊医学实习中增加了由急诊科住院医师讲授的 60 分钟基于团队的 eFAST 课程(干预)。所有学生都被安排观看 eFAST 视频(对照组)。年终成绩和自我信心评估分别采用20分客观结构化临床考试(OSCE)和5分李克特量表。对照组和干预组的 OSCE 平均分和自信心平均分采用双样本 t 检验进行比较,并在剔除有额外美国经历的学生后进行重复:在 113 名符合条件的学生中,103 名学生参与了干预:对照组 48 人,干预组 55 人。干预组在 OSCE 考试中的得分高于对照组(11.9 ±4.6 vs 9.9 ±5.1,P=.04),并报告了相似的自信心(3.2 ±1.0 vs 2.8 ±1.2;P=.09)。剔除28名有额外美国经历的学生后,干预组得分更高(10.8 ± 4.4 vs 8.2 ± 4.0;P=.01),自信心更高(3.0 ±1.0 vs. 2.3 ±1.0,P=.01):结论:在急诊医学实习期间,由住院医师教授eFAST可提高四年级医学生的eFAST成绩和自信心。
{"title":"Resident Instruction: Improving End-of-Year Medical Student Ultrasound Performance.","authors":"Michael J Taylor, Ayesha Gittens, Drew Beaubian, James Grady, Meghan Kelly Herbst","doi":"10.22454/FamMed.2024.326354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22454/FamMed.2024.326354","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and objectives: </strong>Having a limited number of trained faculty is a barrier to successful incorporation of ultrasound into undergraduate medical education. We evaluated the effectiveness of a resident-led extended focused assessment with sonography in trauma (eFAST) session administered to fourth-year medical students during their emergency medicine clerkship by measuring students' end-of-year eFAST performance and confidence.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-site cross-sectional study of all graduating medical students enrolled in fourth-year clerkships between May 1, 2022 and April 30, 2023. A 60-minute, team-based eFAST session (intervention), taught by emergency medicine residents, was added to students' fourth-year emergency medicine clerkship in September 2022. All students were assigned to review an eFAST video (control). End-of-year performance and self-reported confidence assessments used a 20-point objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) and a 5-point Likert scale, respectively. The mean OSCE and confidence scores for control and intervention groups were compared using two-sample t tests and repeated after removing students exposed to additional US experiences.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 113 eligible students, 103 students participated: 48 in the control group, 55 in the intervention group. The intervention group scored higher on the OSCE than the control group (11.9 ±4.6 vs 9.9 ±5.1, P=.04) and reported similar confidence (3.2 ±1.0 vs 2.8 ±1.2; P=.09). After removing the 28 students with additional US experiences, the intervention group scored higher (10.8 ± 4.4 vs 8.2 ± 4.0; P=.01) and reported higher confidence (3.0 ±1.0 vs. 2.3 ±1.0, P=.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Resident-taught eFAST instruction during emergency medicine clerkships led to improved end-of-year fourth-year medical student eFAST performance and confidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":50456,"journal":{"name":"Family Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142479689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editors' Picks: Top 10 Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Antiracism Papers in Family Medicine Journals. 编辑推荐:十大全科医学期刊多样性、公平、包容和反种族主义论文。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2024.211985
José E Rodríguez, Octavia Amaechi, Renee Crichlow, Valerie J Flattes, Sumi M Sexton

Physicians within the family medicine workforce are the most diverse compared to other medical specialties in both primarily clinical and academic settings. Family physicians also provide care to the most diverse patients and communities across the United States. As such, research and scholarly work from family physicians on diversity, equity, inclusion, and antiracism (DEIA) can be incredibly impactful. Yet many practicing and teaching physicians are unaware of their colleagues' scholarly DEIA work, which aims to elucidate inequities and barriers to optimal care and, importantly, to educate on ways physicians and learners can recognize and address specific needs of patients and communities marginalized by health care policies and practices. In collaboration with editors from several family medicine journals, the authors move beyond the traditional editorial space to share recent practice-changing and innovative articles, adding voice and momentum to improve DEIA efforts in all spaces where the practice and teaching of family medicine exists.

与其他医学专科相比,家庭医生队伍中的医生在临床和学术方面都是最多样化的。家庭医生也为全美国最多样化的病人和社区提供医疗服务。因此,家庭医生在多样性、公平、包容和反种族主义(DEIA)方面的研究和学术工作会产生难以置信的影响。然而,许多执业和教学医师并不了解他们同事的多样性、公平、包容和反种族主义(DEIA)学术工作,这些工作旨在阐明不公平现象和最佳护理的障碍,更重要的是,教育医师和学习者如何认识并满足被医疗保健政策和实践边缘化的患者和社区的特定需求。作者与多家全科医学期刊的编辑合作,超越传统的编辑空间,分享近期改变实践和创新的文章,为改善全科医学实践和教学的所有空间中的 DEIA 工作增添声音和动力。
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引用次数: 0
Learning Networks: How Family Medicine Departments Are Meeting the Requirement. 学习网络:全科医学科如何满足要求。
IF 1.8 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-12 DOI: 10.22454/FamMed.2024.556157
Dean A Seehusen, Isabella Brout, Stephen A Wilson

Background and objectives: In 2023, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education added participation within a "learning collaborative" or "learning network" (LN) as a requirement for family medicine residencies. The structure and scope of what makes an acceptable LN was only vaguely defined. The purpose of this study was to learn how many family medicine residencies associated with departments already belong to LNs, the purpose and funding of these existing LNs, and barriers to entering LNs.

Methods: An online survey was sent to family medicine department chairs through a Council of Academic Family Medicine Educational Research Alliance omnibus study from August to September 2023. Survey questions explored the purpose, structure, and funding of LNs that associated residency programs already belonged to as well as the chairs' beliefs and knowledge about LNs.

Results: Of the 227 chairs, 119 completed the survey (50.2%). About 53% reported that their department was part of an LN, with more than one-third belonging for 5 years or less; 47% had a low understanding of what an LN is; and 71% had little to no concern that collaborating in an LN would negatively affect residency recruitment. The purpose of most LNs was a mix of research, education, and clinical activities. Faculty's lack of knowledge about LNs and lack of time were the top barriers identified to joining an LN. Funding was varied, and departmental funding was positively associated with administrative control of the LN.

Conclusions: About half of the residency programs associated with family medicine departments already belong to LNs. Wide variation among existing LNs may lead to significantly disparate outcomes for residents and residencies as they navigate this new requirement.

背景和目标:2023 年,毕业后医学教育认证委员会将参与 "学习合作 "或 "学习网络"(LN)作为家庭医学住院医师培训的一项要求。但对可接受的学习网络的结构和范围仅有模糊的定义。本研究旨在了解有多少与科室相关的家庭医学住院医师已经加入了 LN,这些现有 LN 的目的和资金来源,以及加入 LN 的障碍:2023 年 8 月至 9 月,通过全科医学教育研究联盟理事会的一项综合研究,向全科医学系主任发送了一份在线调查。调查问题涉及相关住院医师培训项目已加入的LNs的目的、结构和资金来源,以及系主任对LNs的看法和了解:在 227 位系主任中,119 位完成了调查(50.2%)。约53%的人称他们所在的科室是LN的一部分,其中超过三分之一的人加入LN的时间为5年或更短;47%的人对LN的含义了解不多;71%的人几乎不担心与LN合作会对住院医师招募产生负面影响。大多数 LN 的目的是混合研究、教育和临床活动。教员对 LN 缺乏了解和缺乏时间是加入 LN 的最大障碍。资金来源各不相同,系部资金与 LN 的行政控制呈正相关:结论:与全科医学系相关的住院医师培训项目中,约有一半已经加入了LN。结论:与全科医学系相关的住院医师培训项目中,约有一半已经加入了LNs。现有LNs之间的巨大差异可能会导致住院医师和住院医师培训项目在应对这一新要求时出现明显的结果差异。
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引用次数: 0
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