{"title":"Life-cycle consumption of food in France: food expenditures and home production","authors":"G. Kyureghian, L. Soler","doi":"10.1093/erae/jbab048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbab048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50476,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Agricultural Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"60842553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guillaume Bagnarosa, Mark Cummins, Michael Dowling, Fearghal Kearney
We apply a multivariate mixed-data sampling (MIDAS) conditional quantile regression technique to understand the dairy commodity exposure of European dairy firms. Leveraging a theoretically sound hedonic dairy pricing framework, we show that our approach is able to identify both market and operational risk. Profit margins for butter and milk price are particularly important for operational performance. Additional tests are provided, including an application of MIDAS quantile on a period of amplified dairy market risk. Our approach thus allows dairy firms to gain new perspectives on the significant risks posed by the current structure of dairy production in Europe.
{"title":"Commodity risk in European dairy firms","authors":"Guillaume Bagnarosa, Mark Cummins, Michael Dowling, Fearghal Kearney","doi":"10.1093/erae/jbab050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbab050","url":null,"abstract":"We apply a multivariate mixed-data sampling (MIDAS) conditional quantile regression technique to understand the dairy commodity exposure of European dairy firms. Leveraging a theoretically sound hedonic dairy pricing framework, we show that our approach is able to identify both market and operational risk. Profit margins for butter and milk price are particularly important for operational performance. Additional tests are provided, including an application of MIDAS quantile on a period of amplified dairy market risk. Our approach thus allows dairy firms to gain new perspectives on the significant risks posed by the current structure of dairy production in Europe.","PeriodicalId":50476,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Agricultural Economics","volume":"143 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138504598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Policies for investment in biofuel production facilities and feedstock may be necessary in order to meet climate and renewable energy targets. These policies entail a trade-off between high transportation costs of biomass and economies of scale of production facilities. We develop a spatial optimisation model and investigate the cost-effective localization of production facilities for ethanol from agricultural land in Sweden. Feedstock costs are found to be most important in determining the location, although high feedstock density motivates locating large facilities in areas with high feedstock costs. At higher production, feedstock from the whole country is preferred despite high transport costs.
{"title":"Optimal localisation of agricultural biofuel production facilities and feedstock: a Swedish case study","authors":"Idayu Nordin, Katarina Elofsson, T. Jansson","doi":"10.1093/ERAE/JBAB043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ERAE/JBAB043","url":null,"abstract":"Policies for investment in biofuel production facilities and feedstock may be necessary in order to meet climate and renewable energy targets. These policies entail a trade-off between high transportation costs of biomass and economies of scale of production facilities. We develop a spatial optimisation model and investigate the cost-effective localization of production facilities for ethanol from agricultural land in Sweden. Feedstock costs are found to be most important in determining the location, although high feedstock density motivates locating large facilities in areas with high feedstock costs. At higher production, feedstock from the whole country is preferred despite high transport costs.","PeriodicalId":50476,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Agricultural Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48325919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper studies the impact of foreign labour on the competitiveness of Italian dairy farms relying on the theory of foreign labour in profit functions. Application of an endogenous switching regression model identifies the drivers of adoption of the immigrant workforce. A counterfactual analysis performed on unit labour costs between farms employing and non-employing immigrants suggests the essential role of foreign farmworkers on dairy farms’ competitiveness, which provide a cheaper source of labour. The lower unit labour cost for immigrant workers resembles staunch support to the newly introduced ‘social conditionality’, for a CAP delivering also for farmworkers.
{"title":"Visa for competitiveness: foreign workforce and Italian dairy farms’ performance","authors":"F. Antonioli, S. Severini, M. Vigani","doi":"10.1093/erae/jbab045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbab045","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper studies the impact of foreign labour on the competitiveness of Italian dairy farms relying on the theory of foreign labour in profit functions. Application of an endogenous switching regression model identifies the drivers of adoption of the immigrant workforce. A counterfactual analysis performed on unit labour costs between farms employing and non-employing immigrants suggests the essential role of foreign farmworkers on dairy farms’ competitiveness, which provide a cheaper source of labour. The lower unit labour cost for immigrant workers resembles staunch support to the newly introduced ‘social conditionality’, for a CAP delivering also for farmworkers.","PeriodicalId":50476,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Agricultural Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49536313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Slijper, Y. de Mey, P. M. Poortvliet, M. Meuwissen
Agricultural policymakers call for the operationalisation of farm resilience as a dynamic concept. Therefore, we quantify farm resilience along the dimensions of robustness, adaptation and transformation. Using the rich Farm Accountancy Data Network panel data set, we explore which farm(er) characteristics affect resilience. We employ a control function approach to address the presence of endogeneity in correlated random effects (fractional) probit models. In general, we find that decoupled payments negatively affect robustness, while rural development payments have a positive effect on robustness. Both decoupled and rural development payments have no effect on adaptation and transformation in most European regions.
{"title":"Quantifying the resilience of European farms using FADN","authors":"T. Slijper, Y. de Mey, P. M. Poortvliet, M. Meuwissen","doi":"10.1093/erae/jbab042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbab042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Agricultural policymakers call for the operationalisation of farm resilience as a dynamic concept. Therefore, we quantify farm resilience along the dimensions of robustness, adaptation and transformation. Using the rich Farm Accountancy Data Network panel data set, we explore which farm(er) characteristics affect resilience. We employ a control function approach to address the presence of endogeneity in correlated random effects (fractional) probit models. In general, we find that decoupled payments negatively affect robustness, while rural development payments have a positive effect on robustness. Both decoupled and rural development payments have no effect on adaptation and transformation in most European regions.","PeriodicalId":50476,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Agricultural Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45631277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
There is an emerging body of evidence to suggest that nudges can motivate behaviour change. The question as to whether using nudges in tandem ‘crowds out’ the marginal effectiveness of each one has attracted little attention. Using a randomised survey experiment consisting of 1,800 farmers, we tested the impact of two nudge interventions (injunctive norm and social signalling) when used individually in isolation and also when used in combination. Our findings are indicative of limited crowd out effects and more generally suggest that there may be scope for employing non-monetary interventions in combination when it comes to encouraging technology uptake.
{"title":"Can nudging only get you so far? Testing for nudge combination effects","authors":"P. Howley, Neel Ocean","doi":"10.1093/erae/jbab041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbab041","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 There is an emerging body of evidence to suggest that nudges can motivate behaviour change. The question as to whether using nudges in tandem ‘crowds out’ the marginal effectiveness of each one has attracted little attention. Using a randomised survey experiment consisting of 1,800 farmers, we tested the impact of two nudge interventions (injunctive norm and social signalling) when used individually in isolation and also when used in combination. Our findings are indicative of limited crowd out effects and more generally suggest that there may be scope for employing non-monetary interventions in combination when it comes to encouraging technology uptake.","PeriodicalId":50476,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Agricultural Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43646288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper assesses the relative advantage of drought-tolerant (DT) maize, conditional on drought severity, using an unbalanced panel of 4 years of on-farm yield trials and high-resolution precipitation data (10-day measurements at a 0.05° resolution) in Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Under rain-fed conditions, DT maize yield exceeds that of other varieties: 7 per cent higher yields on average and 15 per cent higher yields under moderate drought stress. While this contrasts with higher estimates measured in controlled trials, it nonetheless represents an economically significant advantage. This study further measures heterogeneity in the relative advantage conditional using conditional quantile analysis.
{"title":"Heterogeneous and conditional returns from DT maize for farmers in Southern Africa","authors":"L. Paul","doi":"10.1093/erae/jbab040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbab040","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper assesses the relative advantage of drought-tolerant (DT) maize, conditional on drought severity, using an unbalanced panel of 4 years of on-farm yield trials and high-resolution precipitation data (10-day measurements at a 0.05° resolution) in Malawi, Zambia, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Under rain-fed conditions, DT maize yield exceeds that of other varieties: 7 per cent higher yields on average and 15 per cent higher yields under moderate drought stress. While this contrasts with higher estimates measured in controlled trials, it nonetheless represents an economically significant advantage. This study further measures heterogeneity in the relative advantage conditional using conditional quantile analysis.","PeriodicalId":50476,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Agricultural Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48553291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study of Swedish farms from 2007 to 2016, we estimate the effects of investment support from the Common Agricultural Policy on indicators of farm performance, focusing on long-term effects. To isolate the impact and alleviate problems of selection bias, we employ a counterfactual empirical design using Coarsened Exact Matching and dynamic panel fixed-effects estimations. The average treatment effect on the treated estimates show a positive and significant long-term improvement of farm performance with regard to productivity and turnover. However, the results indicate significant time lags between investments and accumulated observable effects, as we find most short-term effects of the subsidy to be insignificant.
{"title":"Assessing long-term effects of CAP investment support on indicators of farm performance","authors":"Pia Nilsson, Sofia Wixe","doi":"10.1093/erae/jbab038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbab038","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In this study of Swedish farms from 2007 to 2016, we estimate the effects of investment support from the Common Agricultural Policy on indicators of farm performance, focusing on long-term effects. To isolate the impact and alleviate problems of selection bias, we employ a counterfactual empirical design using Coarsened Exact Matching and dynamic panel fixed-effects estimations. The average treatment effect on the treated estimates show a positive and significant long-term improvement of farm performance with regard to productivity and turnover. However, the results indicate significant time lags between investments and accumulated observable effects, as we find most short-term effects of the subsidy to be insignificant.","PeriodicalId":50476,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Agricultural Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47235837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Carlsson, M. Kataria, Elina Lampi, Erik Nyberg, T. Sterner
Using a stated preference survey, we investigate to what extent consumers are willing to make costlier food consumption choices to decrease damages to health, the environment, and animal well-being. In particular, we investigate how the graphic design of the labels affects choice behaviour by comparing traffic–light and greyscale labels and plain-text description with each other. We found that the red colour in traffic lights seems to strengthen respondents’ preferences for avoiding the worst level of a collective attribute such as climate impact or antibiotics use, while the green colour strengthened preferences for the more private attribute, namely healthiness. On average, the price premiums for a green label compared with a red label is 52 per cent for healthiness, 64 per cent for both animal welfare and antibiotics, and 20 per cent for climate impact.
{"title":"Red, yellow, or green? Do consumers’ choices of food products depend on the label design?","authors":"F. Carlsson, M. Kataria, Elina Lampi, Erik Nyberg, T. Sterner","doi":"10.1093/erae/jbab036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbab036","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Using a stated preference survey, we investigate to what extent consumers are willing to make costlier food consumption choices to decrease damages to health, the environment, and animal well-being. In particular, we investigate how the graphic design of the labels affects choice behaviour by comparing traffic–light and greyscale labels and plain-text description with each other. We found that the red colour in traffic lights seems to strengthen respondents’ preferences for avoiding the worst level of a collective attribute such as climate impact or antibiotics use, while the green colour strengthened preferences for the more private attribute, namely healthiness. On average, the price premiums for a green label compared with a red label is 52 per cent for healthiness, 64 per cent for both animal welfare and antibiotics, and 20 per cent for climate impact.","PeriodicalId":50476,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Agricultural Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44582791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper reviews the state-of-the-art work on agri-food Multinational Enterprises (MNEs), by discussing the current state-of-play and the tools at our disposal to expand knowledge. After a critical discussion of available data, new data from OECD are used to provide a broad overview of the role of MNEs in the agri-food Global Value Chains (GVCs) and to draw a few stylized facts. Data reveals that in the food, beverages and tobacco industry MNE activity is higher than on average, while in agriculture it is lower; North-South flows are increasing as well as the role of MNE in the agri-food GVCs. The review of theoretical and of empirical literature shows how modern trade theories provide us with a strong theoretical background which, together with improved firm-level and country-level data, may help explaining observed patterns and effectively orientate empirical analyses of agri-food MNEs in several directions.
{"title":"Globalisation in agriculture and food: the role of multinational enterprises","authors":"M. Scoppola","doi":"10.1093/erae/jbab032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbab032","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This paper reviews the state-of-the-art work on agri-food Multinational Enterprises (MNEs), by discussing the current state-of-play and the tools at our disposal to expand knowledge. After a critical discussion of available data, new data from OECD are used to provide a broad overview of the role of MNEs in the agri-food Global Value Chains (GVCs) and to draw a few stylized facts. Data reveals that in the food, beverages and tobacco industry MNE activity is higher than on average, while in agriculture it is lower; North-South flows are increasing as well as the role of MNE in the agri-food GVCs. The review of theoretical and of empirical literature shows how modern trade theories provide us with a strong theoretical background which, together with improved firm-level and country-level data, may help explaining observed patterns and effectively orientate empirical analyses of agri-food MNEs in several directions.","PeriodicalId":50476,"journal":{"name":"European Review of Agricultural Economics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2021-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42905466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"经济学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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