Background: Abruptio placenta and placenta previa are obstetric complications associated with significant risks for both the fetus and the mother, potentially leading to severe hemorrhage, preterm birth, and maternal shock. Early detection and prompt medical intervention are crucial for optimizing outcomes and reducing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Objective: The study aims to analyze the maternal and perinatal outcomes of APH cases due to placenta previa and abruptio placenta. Methods: This prospective study conducted at Ad Din Akij Medical College, Boyra, Khulna July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2023, included 150 APH cases, with 109 meeting inclusion criteria for comparison between placenta previa and abruptio placenta. Data collection encompassed maternal demographics, obstetric history, severity of hemorrhage, and neonatal outcomes. Diagnosis was based on clinical evaluation and ultrasound. Statistical analysis was performed using MS Excel. Results: In our Study, the distribution of causes of placental issues reveals that Placenta Previa accounts for the majority, comprising 71.55% of cases, while Abruptio Placentae represents 28.44% of instances. Placenta Previa predominantly affects individuals aged 26-30 years and over 35 years, with the highest occurrence among those with 2 pregnancies. Conversely, Abruptio Placentae shows a varied distribution across age groups, with the highest incidence among those aged 31-35 years and with gravidity of 1 pregnancy. Gestationally, the majority of Abruptio Placentae cases present between 31-33 weeks, while Placenta Previa cases peak at 34-36.6 weeks. Preterm births are prevalent in both conditions, with Placenta Previa leading in preterm deliveries. Placenta Previa is associated with a history of abortion and dilation and curettage (D&C), while hypertension is a significant risk factor for Abruptio Placentae. Maternal complications include anemia, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), and shock, with Placenta Previa being associated with anemia and PPH, while Abruptio Placentae correlated with shock. Conclusion: Placenta previa emerged as the primary cause of APH, affecting multiparous women, while abruptio placenta correlated with hypertension and primigravida. Both conditions posed significant risks of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, highlighting the importance of prompt diagnosis and intervention.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Fetomaternal Outcome in Abruptio Placenta and Placenta Previa","authors":"Farhana Islam, Shahid Hossain Md. Nur Afzal, Rina Haider, Farhana Karim, Sayeda Farzana Yesmin","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Abruptio placenta and placenta previa are obstetric complications associated with significant risks for both the fetus and the mother, potentially leading to severe hemorrhage, preterm birth, and maternal shock. Early detection and prompt medical intervention are crucial for optimizing outcomes and reducing maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. \u0000Objective: The study aims to analyze the maternal and perinatal outcomes of APH cases due to placenta previa and abruptio placenta. \u0000Methods: This prospective study conducted at Ad Din Akij Medical College, Boyra, Khulna July 1, 2021, to June 30, 2023, included 150 APH cases, with 109 meeting inclusion criteria for comparison between placenta previa and abruptio placenta. Data collection encompassed maternal demographics, obstetric history, severity of hemorrhage, and neonatal outcomes. Diagnosis was based on clinical evaluation and ultrasound. Statistical analysis was performed using MS Excel. \u0000Results: In our Study, the distribution of causes of placental issues reveals that Placenta Previa accounts for the majority, comprising 71.55% of cases, while Abruptio Placentae represents 28.44% of instances. Placenta Previa predominantly affects individuals aged 26-30 years and over 35 years, with the highest occurrence among those with 2 pregnancies. Conversely, Abruptio Placentae shows a varied distribution across age groups, with the highest incidence among those aged 31-35 years and with gravidity of 1 pregnancy. Gestationally, the majority of Abruptio Placentae cases present between 31-33 weeks, while Placenta Previa cases peak at 34-36.6 weeks. Preterm births are prevalent in both conditions, with Placenta Previa leading in preterm deliveries. Placenta Previa is associated with a history of abortion and dilation and curettage (D&C), while hypertension is a significant risk factor for Abruptio Placentae. Maternal complications include anemia, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), and shock, with Placenta Previa being associated with anemia and PPH, while Abruptio Placentae correlated with shock. \u0000Conclusion: Placenta previa emerged as the primary cause of APH, affecting multiparous women, while abruptio placenta correlated with hypertension and primigravida. Both conditions posed significant risks of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, highlighting the importance of prompt diagnosis and intervention.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140730996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61014
C. Nwafor, Otonye Briggs
Background: Regular 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) often fail to detect cardiac conduction abnormalities. Among hypertensive patients, conduction irregularities such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia are recognized occurrences and these can be intermittent or asymptomatic. This study aims to evaluate the conduction abnormalities identified among hypertensives by Holter ECG in a private medical facility in South-South, Nigeria. Methods: This is a retrospective study of five hundred and thirteen patients consisting of 255 males and 258 females Holter ECG who presented at a private medical facility from January 2015- December 2016. Holter ECG data was acquired using Schiller type (MT-101) Holter ECG Machine. Results: Out of the 370 hypertensive patients reviewed, with a mean age of 55.18 ±.14.78, 205(55.41%) had tachycardia, 180(48.65%) had bradycardia, 184(49.73%) had ventricular ectopics while 169(45.68%) had supraventricular ectopics. The most common clinical indication was palpitation 150 (40.54%). The most prevalent age group was 41-60 years; 230 (44.83%) as compared to other age groups in the study. Tachycardia was the most common type of arrhythmia among the subjects. There was a higher incidence of arrhythmias in the female subjects than in the male. Conclusion: Tachycardia and ventricular ectopics were the most common conduction abnormalities observed. Beta blockers and anti-arrhythmics would be helpful for optimization of cardiovascular care. Holter ECG is beneficial in describing and characterizing arrhythmias in hypertensive patients in this population therefore, further studies on larger populations and diverse disease conditions are advocated.
{"title":"Pattern of Arrhythmia among Hypertensive Patients in South-South, Nigeria: A 24-H Ambulatory ECG (Holter ECG) Study","authors":"C. Nwafor, Otonye Briggs","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61014","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Regular 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) often fail to detect cardiac conduction abnormalities. Among hypertensive patients, conduction irregularities such as atrial fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia are recognized occurrences and these can be intermittent or asymptomatic. This study aims to evaluate the conduction abnormalities identified among hypertensives by Holter ECG in a private medical facility in South-South, Nigeria.\u0000Methods: This is a retrospective study of five hundred and thirteen patients consisting of 255 males and 258 females Holter ECG who presented at a private medical facility from January 2015- December 2016. Holter ECG data was acquired using Schiller type (MT-101) Holter ECG Machine.\u0000Results: Out of the 370 hypertensive patients reviewed, with a mean age of 55.18 ±.14.78, 205(55.41%) had tachycardia, 180(48.65%) had bradycardia, 184(49.73%) had ventricular ectopics while 169(45.68%) had supraventricular ectopics. The most common clinical indication was palpitation 150 (40.54%). The most prevalent age group was 41-60 years; 230 (44.83%) as compared to other age groups in the study. Tachycardia was the most common type of arrhythmia among the subjects. There was a higher incidence of arrhythmias in the female subjects than in the male. \u0000Conclusion: Tachycardia and ventricular ectopics were the most common conduction abnormalities observed. Beta blockers and anti-arrhythmics would be helpful for optimization of cardiovascular care. Holter ECG is beneficial in describing and characterizing arrhythmias in hypertensive patients in this population therefore, further studies on larger populations and diverse disease conditions are advocated.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140736295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-03DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61013
L.G. Saavedra-Hurtado, I.D. Ortiz-Sánchez, M. Galvan-Navarrete
When talking about "Melanoma" it is easy to think that it is a malignant tumor produced by the alteration of melanocytes, but we leave aside that there can also be melanomas in the mucous membrane, it is certainly an atypical presentation but not impossible. Now, a melanoma in the anal mucosa is still an atypical and unusual presentation, adding that its symptoms are variable, and can be confused with any other pathology, which makes its diagnosis difficult and impoverishes its prognosis as there is no early treatment. We present the case of a woman in her sixth decade of life, with non-specific symptoms in the anal region. Being a rare case, it is right to emphasize its clinicopathological importance.
{"title":"Anal Melanoma: An Atypical Case","authors":"L.G. Saavedra-Hurtado, I.D. Ortiz-Sánchez, M. Galvan-Navarrete","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61013","url":null,"abstract":"When talking about \"Melanoma\" it is easy to think that it is a malignant tumor produced by the alteration of melanocytes, but we leave aside that there can also be melanomas in the mucous membrane, it is certainly an atypical presentation but not impossible. Now, a melanoma in the anal mucosa is still an atypical and unusual presentation, adding that its symptoms are variable, and can be confused with any other pathology, which makes its diagnosis difficult and impoverishes its prognosis as there is no early treatment.\u0000We present the case of a woman in her sixth decade of life, with non-specific symptoms in the anal region. Being a rare case, it is right to emphasize its clinicopathological importance.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140750930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51012
Chukwunenye T Kanu, E. Iwunze
Oil exploration in the Niger Delta has led to severe environmental pollution. This study investigates the association between exposure to crude oil and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Study Design: This was a comparative cross-sectional study of the differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes of people living in heavily oil polluted and non-polluted communities Place and Duration of Study: Kegbara Dere (K-Dere), a rural Community in Ogoniland, Gokana Local Government Area, Rivers State and Obohia community in Ndoki kingdom, Ukwa East LGA of Abia state between June 2022 and Jan 2023. Methodology: We recruited 900 study participants (450 each from the crude oil impacted and the non-oil polluted communities) using multi-stage random sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect data on socio-demographics and adverse pregnancy history by case definitions using the adapted WHO indirect sisterhood method of maternal mortality estimate. Data was analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Differences in proportions were compared using Chi Square test. The association between living in an oil polluted community or exposure to crude oil pollutants and adverse pregnancy outcomes was determined using crude odds ratio. Confidence intervals were determined at 95% level and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results: Pregnant women in the polluted community experienced a significantly higher prevalence of adverse outcomes, including stillbirth, abortion, and birth defects. The risk of experiencing an adverse pregnancy outcome was 30 times higher in the polluted area. Conclusion: This study suggests a strong link between oil pollution and pregnancy complications. Further research with robust designs is needed to confirm causality. Environmental cleanup and protective measures for pregnant women are crucial in these areas.
{"title":"Link between Oil Pollution and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria","authors":"Chukwunenye T Kanu, E. Iwunze","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51012","url":null,"abstract":"Oil exploration in the Niger Delta has led to severe environmental pollution. This study investigates the association between exposure to crude oil and adverse pregnancy outcomes. \u0000Study Design: This was a comparative cross-sectional study of the differences in adverse pregnancy outcomes of people living in heavily oil polluted and non-polluted communities \u0000Place and Duration of Study: Kegbara Dere (K-Dere), a rural Community in Ogoniland, Gokana Local Government Area, Rivers State and Obohia community in Ndoki kingdom, Ukwa East LGA of Abia state between June 2022 and Jan 2023. \u0000Methodology: We recruited 900 study participants (450 each from the crude oil impacted and the non-oil polluted communities) using multi-stage random sampling. Questionnaires were used to collect data on socio-demographics and adverse pregnancy history by case definitions using the adapted WHO indirect sisterhood method of maternal mortality estimate. Data was analyzed using IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Differences in proportions were compared using Chi Square test. The association between living in an oil polluted community or exposure to crude oil pollutants and adverse pregnancy outcomes was determined using crude odds ratio. Confidence intervals were determined at 95% level and a p-value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. \u0000Results: Pregnant women in the polluted community experienced a significantly higher prevalence of adverse outcomes, including stillbirth, abortion, and birth defects. The risk of experiencing an adverse pregnancy outcome was 30 times higher in the polluted area. \u0000Conclusion: This study suggests a strong link between oil pollution and pregnancy complications. Further research with robust designs is needed to confirm causality. Environmental cleanup and protective measures for pregnant women are crucial in these areas.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140775092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51008
Amadi, Christian Emeka, Diamond, Tamunokuro
Background: The covid -19 pandemic had major disruptions on the health systems of several states in Nigeria. While PPEs have been shown to provide effective barrier against the spread of diseases among care providers, the concern raised by their widespread lack in health facilities heightened during the pandemic. Aim: To evaluate the availability of personal protective equipment as a predictor of covid-19 prevalence among healthcare workers in Rivers state. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among healthcare workers in secondary and tertiary health facilities in Rivers state using a multi-stage sampling procedure between January 1, and July 31, 2021. A semi- structured questionnaire was used to collect information from the respondents after obtaining informed written consent. Data obtained included, availability of different PPE and occurrence of Covid-19. Data was analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Descriptive statistics were presented in tables, means and figures. Chi-square and Logistic regression models were done where applicable. A p-value of ≥0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results: A total of 383 respondents were recruited for this study. The findings showed that hand gloves were readily available but the availability of other PPE was rather low. There was however no significant relationship between availability of COVID-19 PPE and COVID-19 prevalence among healthcare workers [f(1,354) = 3.102, p>0.05]. The study also revealed that higher cadre health workers were more likely to have PPE [f(1,355) = 3.102, p<0.05]. Conclusion: PPE availability alone was not a significant predictor of COVID-19 prevalence as this may be influenced by other variables.
{"title":"Is the Availability of Personal Protective Equipment a Predictor of COVID-19 Prevalence among Healthcare Workers in Rivers State?","authors":"Amadi, Christian Emeka, Diamond, Tamunokuro","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51008","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The covid -19 pandemic had major disruptions on the health systems of several states in Nigeria. While PPEs have been shown to provide effective barrier against the spread of diseases among care providers, the concern raised by their widespread lack in health facilities heightened during the pandemic. \u0000Aim: To evaluate the availability of personal protective equipment as a predictor of covid-19 prevalence among healthcare workers in Rivers state.\u0000Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among healthcare workers in secondary and tertiary health facilities in Rivers state using a multi-stage sampling procedure between January 1, and July 31, 2021. A semi- structured questionnaire was used to collect information from the respondents after obtaining informed written consent. Data obtained included, availability of different PPE and occurrence of Covid-19. Data was analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Descriptive statistics were presented in tables, means and figures. Chi-square and Logistic regression models were done where applicable. A p-value of ≥0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.\u0000Results: A total of 383 respondents were recruited for this study. The findings showed that hand gloves were readily available but the availability of other PPE was rather low. There was however no significant relationship between availability of COVID-19 PPE and COVID-19 prevalence among healthcare workers [f(1,354) = 3.102, p>0.05]. The study also revealed that higher cadre health workers were more likely to have PPE [f(1,355) = 3.102, p<0.05].\u0000Conclusion: PPE availability alone was not a significant predictor of COVID-19 prevalence as this may be influenced by other variables.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140362328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-30DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51009
W. Mani, K. Yindee, C. Sawarin
Objective: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic results and agreement among XR, MDCT, and combined examination between XR and MDCT in diagnosing knee bone fractures. Methods: A retrospective was conducted of 243 patients who experienced knee trauma and underwent both XR and MDCT scans between January 1, 2016, and January 1, 2021, at Rajavithi Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. Results: Out of the 243 patients, 147 were male (60.5%), and 96 were female (39.5%), with 226 (93%) displaying fractures. MDCT identified a total of 319 fractures in various anatomic regions. Computed tomography scans compared with the two combined methods showed no difference in results. However, the radiography results were significantly different compared to the two methods combined (p<0.05). MDCT+XR proved more effective in diagnosing fractures than XR alone. The agreement between MDCT versus MDCT+XR exceeded 0.98, whereas the agreement between XR versus MDCT+XR was less than 0.9, except for femoral fractures (0.935). Overall, utilizing both MDCT and XR together significantly enhanced the diagnostic effectiveness compared to using XR alone. Conclusion: MDCT imaging provides more accurate results, while XR imaging is still valuable for certain fractures. The combined methods were more accurate, especially in cases where the fracture type and characteristics cannot be determined with XR alone. The high level of agreement between XR and MDCT supports the combined use of both methods in clinical practice for diagnosing knee injuries.
{"title":"Comparison of Conventional Radiography and Multidetector Computed Tomography Scan in Knee Trauma in Rajavithi Hospital","authors":"W. Mani, K. Yindee, C. Sawarin","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51009","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic results and agreement among XR, MDCT, and combined examination between XR and MDCT in diagnosing knee bone fractures. \u0000Methods: A retrospective was conducted of 243 patients who experienced knee trauma and underwent both XR and MDCT scans between January 1, 2016, and January 1, 2021, at Rajavithi Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. \u0000Results: Out of the 243 patients, 147 were male (60.5%), and 96 were female (39.5%), with 226 (93%) displaying fractures. MDCT identified a total of 319 fractures in various anatomic regions. Computed tomography scans compared with the two combined methods showed no difference in results. However, the radiography results were significantly different compared to the two methods combined (p<0.05). MDCT+XR proved more effective in diagnosing fractures than XR alone. The agreement between MDCT versus MDCT+XR exceeded 0.98, whereas the agreement between XR versus MDCT+XR was less than 0.9, except for femoral fractures (0.935). Overall, utilizing both MDCT and XR together significantly enhanced the diagnostic effectiveness compared to using XR alone. \u0000Conclusion: MDCT imaging provides more accurate results, while XR imaging is still valuable for certain fractures. The combined methods were more accurate, especially in cases where the fracture type and characteristics cannot be determined with XR alone. The high level of agreement between XR and MDCT supports the combined use of both methods in clinical practice for diagnosing knee injuries.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140363085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-29DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51007
D. Luhulima, Nur Nunu Prihantini, Ria Amelia, Wanda Ezhara Natalia
Background: Lack of protein intake will result in hampered iron transport and reduce the formation of hemoglobin (Hb). Hemoglobin is a protein compound found in red blood cells and is useful for transporting oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide CO2 in the body. The level of protein consumption is closely related to hemoglobin, where the protein binds to iron in the body. If iron intake is lacking, it can cause red blood cell production to be disrupted and cause anemia. The world's population with anemia is around 30% or 2.20 billion people and the global prevalence of anemia is around 51%. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between iron intake and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Aims: This research was conducted to determine the relationship between food or iron intake and hemoglobin (Hb) levels. Methodology: This research uses a descriptive-analytical research design with a cross-sectional approach and uses primary data as a research instrument, which was obtained from the results of blood sampling from students from the Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Christian University Class of 2021 for laboratory examination using the Hematology Analyzer method and a 2x24 hour Food Recall form. The purposive sampling method was used to obtain 72 samples in this study. Results: The study showed 59 students (81.9%) were not anemic, and 13 (18.1%) were anemic. A total of 12 students (16.7%) had a low iron adequacy score, and 60 students (83.3%) had a sufficient iron adequacy score. There is a relationship between food/iron intake and hemoglobin levels (p < 0.05). Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between iron intake and hemoglobin levels.
{"title":"Relationship between Food and Iron Intake and Hemoglobin Levels among Medical Students: A Cross-sectional Study at Indonesian Christian University, Class of 2021","authors":"D. Luhulima, Nur Nunu Prihantini, Ria Amelia, Wanda Ezhara Natalia","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51007","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lack of protein intake will result in hampered iron transport and reduce the formation of hemoglobin (Hb). Hemoglobin is a protein compound found in red blood cells and is useful for transporting oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide CO2 in the body. The level of protein consumption is closely related to hemoglobin, where the protein binds to iron in the body. If iron intake is lacking, it can cause red blood cell production to be disrupted and cause anemia. The world's population with anemia is around 30% or 2.20 billion people and the global prevalence of anemia is around 51%. This study was conducted to determine the relationship between iron intake and hemoglobin (Hb) levels.\u0000Aims: This research was conducted to determine the relationship between food or iron intake and hemoglobin (Hb) levels.\u0000Methodology: This research uses a descriptive-analytical research design with a cross-sectional approach and uses primary data as a research instrument, which was obtained from the results of blood sampling from students from the Faculty of Medicine, Indonesian Christian University Class of 2021 for laboratory examination using the Hematology Analyzer method and a 2x24 hour Food Recall form. The purposive sampling method was used to obtain 72 samples in this study.\u0000Results: The study showed 59 students (81.9%) were not anemic, and 13 (18.1%) were anemic. A total of 12 students (16.7%) had a low iron adequacy score, and 60 students (83.3%) had a sufficient iron adequacy score. There is a relationship between food/iron intake and hemoglobin levels (p < 0.05).\u0000Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between iron intake and hemoglobin levels.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-27DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51006
Valeria Natalia Fernández Paniagua, Agustín Parra Macías, Jesús Arellano Martínez
Wunderlich Syndrome (WS) is a rare condition characterized by spontaneous bleeding in the kidney without any traumatic event. It usually happens unilaterally, but bilateral cases are rare. The most common causes of WS are renal neoplasms, vascular disorders, infections, renal cystic diseases, and anticoagulation states, with idiopathic cases being uncommon. Here, we present a case of bilateral idiopathic Wunderlich Syndrome.
{"title":"Idiopathic Bilateral Wunderlich Syndrome: A Case Report","authors":"Valeria Natalia Fernández Paniagua, Agustín Parra Macías, Jesús Arellano Martínez","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51006","url":null,"abstract":"Wunderlich Syndrome (WS) is a rare condition characterized by spontaneous bleeding in the kidney without any traumatic event. It usually happens unilaterally, but bilateral cases are rare. The most common causes of WS are renal neoplasms, vascular disorders, infections, renal cystic diseases, and anticoagulation states, with idiopathic cases being uncommon. Here, we present a case of bilateral idiopathic Wunderlich Syndrome.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140377404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51004
Taslima Rahman, R. K. S. Royle, Ahmed Riad Chowdhury, S. M. Z. Islam, Rafiqul Islam, Nurjahan Akter, Muhammad Ataul Gani
Background: Parenting has an important role in improving the performance of children with ADHD and in their families, this study will create awareness about parenting styles among parents addressing differences in parenting styles and improving the quality of child mental health. Objective: This study was intended to evaluate the different parenting styles of parents having children with ADHD and healthy children. It also aimed to find out any relationship between the socio-demographic variables of children and parents with the parenting style of the diseased child. Methodology: This was a case-control study. The study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet during the period from September 2020 to August 2022. ADHD was diagnosed using DSM-5 and confirmed by a consultant psychiatrist. A total of 60 parents of children (ADHD=30, Healthy=30) were interviewed who fulfilled the enrollment criteria. Semi-structured questionnaire for socio-demographic variables and a Bangla Parenting Style and Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ) were used for assessing parenting style. The data analysis was conducted utilizing the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) method, followed by post-hoc comparisons using the Bonferroni correction. Results: The predominant parenting style found to be applied to children with ADHD was authoritative (56.67%), followed by 26.67% authoritarian parenting and 16.33% permissive parenting style. Among the parents of healthy children, 53.33% were authoritative, 23.33% were authoritarian and permissive. There was a statistically significant association of parenting styles with education level and occupation. ADHD children's parents who studied up to the primary level had a significantly higher authoritarian score and (authoritarian p = 0.005) and the normal children's parents who studied up to the secondary level had a significantly higher authoritarian score (authoritarian p = 0.007. A significant association was found in the authoritarian domain in parents who were housewives (p = 0.032). Individuals within 6-9 years age range exhibit significantly higher scores in the authoritative domain (p=.001). Both boys and girls groups exhibit a considerably higher score in the authoritative domain (p=.003, p=.001). Conclusion: The fact that parenting styles influence ADHD may appear to be a burden, but it can also be an opportunity to change one's life. Solutions like parent training programs can provide skills and strategies as well as help build resilience in parents to manage the challenging behavior of children with ADHD.
{"title":"The Evaluation of Parenting Styles of Children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder","authors":"Taslima Rahman, R. K. S. Royle, Ahmed Riad Chowdhury, S. M. Z. Islam, Rafiqul Islam, Nurjahan Akter, Muhammad Ataul Gani","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51004","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Parenting has an important role in improving the performance of children with ADHD and in their families, this study will create awareness about parenting styles among parents addressing differences in parenting styles and improving the quality of child mental health. \u0000Objective: This study was intended to evaluate the different parenting styles of parents having children with ADHD and healthy children. It also aimed to find out any relationship between the socio-demographic variables of children and parents with the parenting style of the diseased child. \u0000Methodology: This was a case-control study. The study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College, Sylhet during the period from September 2020 to August 2022. ADHD was diagnosed using DSM-5 and confirmed by a consultant psychiatrist. A total of 60 parents of children (ADHD=30, Healthy=30) were interviewed who fulfilled the enrollment criteria. Semi-structured questionnaire for socio-demographic variables and a Bangla Parenting Style and Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ) were used for assessing parenting style. The data analysis was conducted utilizing the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) method, followed by post-hoc comparisons using the Bonferroni correction. \u0000Results: The predominant parenting style found to be applied to children with ADHD was authoritative (56.67%), followed by 26.67% authoritarian parenting and 16.33% permissive parenting style. Among the parents of healthy children, 53.33% were authoritative, 23.33% were authoritarian and permissive. There was a statistically significant association of parenting styles with education level and occupation. ADHD children's parents who studied up to the primary level had a significantly higher authoritarian score and (authoritarian p = 0.005) and the normal children's parents who studied up to the secondary level had a significantly higher authoritarian score (authoritarian p = 0.007. A significant association was found in the authoritarian domain in parents who were housewives (p = 0.032). Individuals within 6-9 years age range exhibit significantly higher scores in the authoritative domain (p=.001). Both boys and girls groups exhibit a considerably higher score in the authoritative domain (p=.003, p=.001). \u0000Conclusion: The fact that parenting styles influence ADHD may appear to be a burden, but it can also be an opportunity to change one's life. Solutions like parent training programs can provide skills and strategies as well as help build resilience in parents to manage the challenging behavior of children with ADHD.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-26DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51005
B. Awosusi, Isiaka Olatoye Aremu
Introduction: urothelial carcinomas can develop from any urothelium lined surface in the body and they are the seventh most common cancers seen globally. Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (involving the renal pelvis and ureter) is not common. Case Presentation: A 66-year-old male presented with recurrent left flank pain, recurrent urinary tract infection and occasional haematuria of six month's duration. Abdominal Computerized Tomography (CT) done showed moderate left hydro-ureter and hydro-nephrosis and a mass was seen in the lower one-third of the left ureter. Features seen at CT was suggestive of urothelial carcinoma of the distal left ureter. No mass lesion or tumour was seen in the urinary bladder. Radical nephroureterectomy with excision of the bladder cuff was performed and the diagnosis was confirmed after histopathologic evaluation. Discussion: This case report highlights the rare presentation of invasive urothelial carcinoma of the ureter with associated obstructive uropathy and the role of radiologic imaging in diagnosis and thorough histopathologic evaluation in the determination of tumour grade and tumour stage and ultimate prognosis of patients. Conclusion: A high index of suspicion is needed for diagnosis based on presenting symptoms, and examination findings. Tumour grade and stage in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma are good predictors of clinical outcomes and prognosis.
{"title":"Invasive Urothelial Carcinoma of the Ureter with Associated Obstructive Uropathy and Chronic Pyelonephritis: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"B. Awosusi, Isiaka Olatoye Aremu","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i51005","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: urothelial carcinomas can develop from any urothelium lined surface in the body and they are the seventh most common cancers seen globally. Urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract (involving the renal pelvis and ureter) is not common. \u0000Case Presentation: A 66-year-old male presented with recurrent left flank pain, recurrent urinary tract infection and occasional haematuria of six month's duration. Abdominal Computerized Tomography (CT) done showed moderate left hydro-ureter and hydro-nephrosis and a mass was seen in the lower one-third of the left ureter. Features seen at CT was suggestive of urothelial carcinoma of the distal left ureter. No mass lesion or tumour was seen in the urinary bladder. Radical nephroureterectomy with excision of the bladder cuff was performed and the diagnosis was confirmed after histopathologic evaluation. \u0000Discussion: This case report highlights the rare presentation of invasive urothelial carcinoma of the ureter with associated obstructive uropathy and the role of radiologic imaging in diagnosis and thorough histopathologic evaluation in the determination of tumour grade and tumour stage and ultimate prognosis of patients. \u0000Conclusion: A high index of suspicion is needed for diagnosis based on presenting symptoms, and examination findings. Tumour grade and stage in upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma are good predictors of clinical outcomes and prognosis.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140379114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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