Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61024
Jesús Octavio Tafoya Hernández, Rodolfo Alberto Del Corral Vázquez, Leidi Johana Rodríguez Sotto, Julián Andrés Bucheli Buesaco, Joaquín Núñez Gomez, Agustín Parra Macías
Aims: Describe the main imaging findings of familial cerebral cavernous malformations. Presentation of Case: This is the clinical case of a 68-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and long-standing systemic arterial hypertension. She presents to the neurology outpatient clinic reporting dizziness, temporal-spatial disorientation, episodes of amnesia, and chronic insomnia. Based on the clinical presentation, a diagnosis of cognitive impairment, likely of vascular origin. The MRI reveals multiple supratentorial and intraxial lesions with heterogeneous components, exhibiting a hypointense ring on T1 and T2-weighted sequences with images demonstrate a "blooming" effect on the T2*/GRE sequence, characteristic of cerebral cavernomas, displaying a "popcorn" appearance. Discussion: In the presented case, a patient with multiple cerebral cavernomas showing classic features on MRI was discussed. Clinical manifestations commonly involving seizures, hemorrhage, and focal neurological deficits. Genetic factors play a role, with familial cases following an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Imaging studies, particularly MRI with susceptibility-weighted imaging, aid in diagnosis, revealing characteristic "popcorn" appearance lesions. Other differential diagnoses for cerebral hemorrhages should be considered, including vascular brain malformations and conditions like cerebral amyloid angiopathy and hypertensive encephalopathy. Management involves a multidisciplinary approach, with surgical resection being the gold standard for symptomatic cases. Conclusion: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) present varied symptoms, diagnosed through MRI showcasing characteristic appearances. Accurate determination of familial or sporadic origin is crucial for tailored treatment, involving medical therapy, surgical resection, or radiosurgery. Multidisciplinary collaboration among specialties ensures personalized management for patients with CCM.
{"title":"Familial Cerebral Cavernous Malformations: A Case Report","authors":"Jesús Octavio Tafoya Hernández, Rodolfo Alberto Del Corral Vázquez, Leidi Johana Rodríguez Sotto, Julián Andrés Bucheli Buesaco, Joaquín Núñez Gomez, Agustín Parra Macías","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61024","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Describe the main imaging findings of familial cerebral cavernous malformations.\u0000Presentation of Case: This is the clinical case of a 68-year-old woman with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and long-standing systemic arterial hypertension. She presents to the neurology outpatient clinic reporting dizziness, temporal-spatial disorientation, episodes of amnesia, and chronic insomnia. Based on the clinical presentation, a diagnosis of cognitive impairment, likely of vascular origin. The MRI reveals multiple supratentorial and intraxial lesions with heterogeneous components, exhibiting a hypointense ring on T1 and T2-weighted sequences with images demonstrate a \"blooming\" effect on the T2*/GRE sequence, characteristic of cerebral cavernomas, displaying a \"popcorn\" appearance.\u0000Discussion: In the presented case, a patient with multiple cerebral cavernomas showing classic features on MRI was discussed. Clinical manifestations commonly involving seizures, hemorrhage, and focal neurological deficits. Genetic factors play a role, with familial cases following an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern. Imaging studies, particularly MRI with susceptibility-weighted imaging, aid in diagnosis, revealing characteristic \"popcorn\" appearance lesions. Other differential diagnoses for cerebral hemorrhages should be considered, including vascular brain malformations and conditions like cerebral amyloid angiopathy and hypertensive encephalopathy. Management involves a multidisciplinary approach, with surgical resection being the gold standard for symptomatic cases.\u0000Conclusion: Cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) present varied symptoms, diagnosed through MRI showcasing characteristic appearances. Accurate determination of familial or sporadic origin is crucial for tailored treatment, involving medical therapy, surgical resection, or radiosurgery. Multidisciplinary collaboration among specialties ensures personalized management for patients with CCM.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140687359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-18DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61025
C. Iwunze, E. Iwunze
Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), a chronic disorder of public health importance arise from pathologic changes following abnormal glucose metabolism. Wound dressing is vital to DFU management and is designed to promote healing and relieve pain among other roles. Pain associated with chronic wounds can delay healing, reduce quality of life, and affect mental health. This study evaluates the effect of honey and povidone iodine-based dressings on the severity of pain associated with Wagner grade 2 DFU. Study Design: This was a randomized controlled trial on the pain-modulating effects of honey and povidone iodine dressings on Wagner grade 2 DFU using the visual analogue scale (VAS) at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port Harcourt over a year duration. Methodology: We included 30 patients (17 males; age range 47-65 years) with Wagner grade 2 diabetic foot ulcers. Data on socio-demographics, BMI, HbA1c, ulcer etiology and site distribution, VAS for pain intensity, wound exudate characteristics and extent of healing were obtained and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant. Results: The median VAS pain score was 2.0 and 3.0 for the honey and povidone iodine dressing groups respectively (p-value=0.724) in week 1, then 1.0 and 2.0 for the honey and povidone iodine dressing groups respectively and (p-value=0.041) in week 3. By week 5, all ulcers in the honey group were healed, and the lone persistent ulcer in the povidone group had a 1.0 VAS score by week 6. Conclusion: Honey dressings are associated with less wound pain over the course of treatment compared to povidone iodine dressing in the treatment of Wagner 2 DFU.
{"title":"A Randomized Trial of Honey Versus Povidone Iodine Dressings: Pain Profile of Wagner Grade 2 Diabetic Foot Ulcers","authors":"C. Iwunze, E. Iwunze","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61025","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU), a chronic disorder of public health importance arise from pathologic changes following abnormal glucose metabolism. Wound dressing is vital to DFU management and is designed to promote healing and relieve pain among other roles. Pain associated with chronic wounds can delay healing, reduce quality of life, and affect mental health.\u0000This study evaluates the effect of honey and povidone iodine-based dressings on the severity of pain associated with Wagner grade 2 DFU.\u0000Study Design: This was a randomized controlled trial on the pain-modulating effects of honey and povidone iodine dressings on Wagner grade 2 DFU using the visual analogue scale (VAS) at the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH), Port Harcourt over a year duration.\u0000Methodology: We included 30 patients (17 males; age range 47-65 years) with Wagner grade 2 diabetic foot ulcers. Data on socio-demographics, BMI, HbA1c, ulcer etiology and site distribution, VAS for pain intensity, wound exudate characteristics and extent of healing were obtained and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0. A p-value <0.05 was considered significant.\u0000Results: The median VAS pain score was 2.0 and 3.0 for the honey and povidone iodine dressing groups respectively (p-value=0.724) in week 1, then 1.0 and 2.0 for the honey and povidone iodine dressing groups respectively and (p-value=0.041) in week 3. By week 5, all ulcers in the honey group were healed, and the lone persistent ulcer in the povidone group had a 1.0 VAS score by week 6.\u0000Conclusion: Honey dressings are associated with less wound pain over the course of treatment compared to povidone iodine dressing in the treatment of Wagner 2 DFU. ","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140686932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61023
Del Corral-Vázquez Rodolfo Alberto, Verónica Argüello Ramírez
The papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrinologic neoplasm. Only the 10% of all patients have metastasis, however as high as 50% of all will have metastasis at the moment of the diagnosis. Lung and bone being the primary organs affected, only 5% are in other areas of the body. The Gold Standard for the diagnosis is the high-resolution ultrasound of the thyroid complementing with fine needle puncture-aspiration assessment, which help us in the decision making.
{"title":"Rare Presentation of Metastatic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Cribiform Type in Pelvic Bones","authors":"Del Corral-Vázquez Rodolfo Alberto, Verónica Argüello Ramírez","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61023","url":null,"abstract":"The papillary thyroid carcinoma is the most common endocrinologic neoplasm. Only the 10% of all patients have metastasis, however as high as 50% of all will have metastasis at the moment of the diagnosis. Lung and bone being the primary organs affected, only 5% are in other areas of the body. The Gold Standard for the diagnosis is the high-resolution ultrasound of the thyroid complementing with fine needle puncture-aspiration assessment, which help us in the decision making.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-16DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61022
Kumar Hari Rajah
Conservative treatment of acute cholecystitis has been the initial treatment for acute cholecystitis, which involves the use of antibiotics to control the infection and prepare the patient for cholecystectomy. The Tokyo Guidelines have categorized patients who present with acute cholecystitis into three categories: Categories one, two and three. Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard of treatment, antibiotics and percutaneous cholecystostomy play a role in the management of patients with category two and three. This review aimes to examine the role of antibiotics and percutaneous cholecystostomy in the management of acute cholecystitis.
{"title":"Conservative Treatment of Acute Cholecystitis: An Updated Narrative Review","authors":"Kumar Hari Rajah","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61022","url":null,"abstract":"Conservative treatment of acute cholecystitis has been the initial treatment for acute cholecystitis, which involves the use of antibiotics to control the infection and prepare the patient for cholecystectomy. The Tokyo Guidelines have categorized patients who present with acute cholecystitis into three categories: Categories one, two and three. Although laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the gold standard of treatment, antibiotics and percutaneous cholecystostomy play a role in the management of patients with category two and three. This review aimes to examine the role of antibiotics and percutaneous cholecystostomy in the management of acute cholecystitis.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140698137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61021
Sourokou Sabi S., Kane Y., Kadja M.C., Chabchoub A., A. Tine., Kaboret Y.Y.
Aims: The aim of this study is to gain a better understanding of the traditional gestures and practices used by horse owners and users in the management of digestive pathologies, in this case colic. Methodology: The study was a retrospective survey in the Dakar and Thiès regions, involving direct interviews with 540 horse owners and users between February 2023 and October 2023. Results: The owners and breeders of draught horses were all men with a variety of professional backgrounds, aged under 35 (69.07%) and making a living from breeding (60.74%). All the respondents knew how to recognize a colicky horse at an early stage by the first signs of abdominal pain, and feared the seriousness and urgency of this condition, associating it with a significant risk of mortality. When abdominal pain occurs, most of the people interviewed admit to using mainly traditional first aid, and only call in an animal health professional if this fails or if there are complications. Conclusion: Horse owners should be aware of the actions and practices to avoid in order not to worsen the prognosis or risk the life of their horse. They should also involve animal health professionals in a collaborative effort for the health and well-being of horses.
{"title":"Traditional Gestures and Practices in the Management of Digestive Colic in Draught Horses in the Dakar and Thiès Regions of Senegal","authors":"Sourokou Sabi S., Kane Y., Kadja M.C., Chabchoub A., A. Tine., Kaboret Y.Y.","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61021","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The aim of this study is to gain a better understanding of the traditional gestures and practices used by horse owners and users in the management of digestive pathologies, in this case colic.\u0000Methodology: The study was a retrospective survey in the Dakar and Thiès regions, involving direct interviews with 540 horse owners and users between February 2023 and October 2023.\u0000Results: The owners and breeders of draught horses were all men with a variety of professional backgrounds, aged under 35 (69.07%) and making a living from breeding (60.74%). All the respondents knew how to recognize a colicky horse at an early stage by the first signs of abdominal pain, and feared the seriousness and urgency of this condition, associating it with a significant risk of mortality. When abdominal pain occurs, most of the people interviewed admit to using mainly traditional first aid, and only call in an animal health professional if this fails or if there are complications.\u0000Conclusion: Horse owners should be aware of the actions and practices to avoid in order not to worsen the prognosis or risk the life of their horse. They should also involve animal health professionals in a collaborative effort for the health and well-being of horses.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140709410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61020
Désiré F Kenfack, Larissa Y Chimi, Joseph Fondop, Armel-Joseph D Agokeng, Larissa M Magnibou, Julie KT Magne, G. S. Njateng
Background: The number of deaths attributed to diabetes was estimated at nearly 1.5 million worldwide in 2012, making this disease one of the 15 most deadly pathologies in the world. Self-monitoring of blood glucose is not widely used in type 2 diabetics on insulin. Objective: To evaluate the level of glycemic control and identified some factors that may influence it as well as determining the prevalence of candidiasis in these patients. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on a population of type 2 diabetic patients on insulin followed at Dschang District Hospital with an average age of 58 years treated with insulin for at least 2 months and the predictors of poor glycemic control were measured (HbA1c higher than 7%) and the search for three species of Candida carried out in 3 different types of samples (urine, blood and oral cavity). Furthermore, a questionnaire was used to collect information on self-monitoring of blood glucose. Results: This study included 66 diabetic patients with a mean age of 58 years and a male predominance (51.5%). The majority of patients had been diabetic for at least 6 years with a mean duration of insulin therapy of 6 months. 90.1% of the participants reported having a glucometer and 54.5% reported performing self-monitoring of blood glucose twice a day as recommended by the physician. This study found that 78.8% of these patients had inadequate glycemic control. Factors such as Body mass index, duration of diabetes and coexistence with hypertension influenced this glycemic control. Similarly, a prevalence of 15.2%, 12.1% and 00% were recorded for urinary, oral and systemic candidiasis respectively with Candida albicans being the species most involved in these infections. Conclusion: Poor glycemic control is common among type 2 diabetic patients on insulin at Dschang District Hospital and is due to poor use and lack of training of patients on the practice of self-monitoring of blood glucose. This poor glycemic control favours the development of candida infections, especially urinary and oral.
{"title":"Glycemic Control and Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose in Type 2 Diabetic Patients on Insulin and Prevalence of Candidiasis in these Patients at Dschang District Hospital, Cameroon: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Désiré F Kenfack, Larissa Y Chimi, Joseph Fondop, Armel-Joseph D Agokeng, Larissa M Magnibou, Julie KT Magne, G. S. Njateng","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61020","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The number of deaths attributed to diabetes was estimated at nearly 1.5 million worldwide in 2012, making this disease one of the 15 most deadly pathologies in the world. Self-monitoring of blood glucose is not widely used in type 2 diabetics on insulin.\u0000Objective: To evaluate the level of glycemic control and identified some factors that may influence it as well as determining the prevalence of candidiasis in these patients.\u0000Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on a population of type 2 diabetic patients on insulin followed at Dschang District Hospital with an average age of 58 years treated with insulin for at least 2 months and the predictors of poor glycemic control were measured (HbA1c higher than 7%) and the search for three species of Candida carried out in 3 different types of samples (urine, blood and oral cavity). Furthermore, a questionnaire was used to collect information on self-monitoring of blood glucose.\u0000Results: This study included 66 diabetic patients with a mean age of 58 years and a male predominance (51.5%). The majority of patients had been diabetic for at least 6 years with a mean duration of insulin therapy of 6 months. 90.1% of the participants reported having a glucometer and 54.5% reported performing self-monitoring of blood glucose twice a day as recommended by the physician. This study found that 78.8% of these patients had inadequate glycemic control. Factors such as Body mass index, duration of diabetes and coexistence with hypertension influenced this glycemic control. Similarly, a prevalence of 15.2%, 12.1% and 00% were recorded for urinary, oral and systemic candidiasis respectively with Candida albicans being the species most involved in these infections.\u0000Conclusion: Poor glycemic control is common among type 2 diabetic patients on insulin at Dschang District Hospital and is due to poor use and lack of training of patients on the practice of self-monitoring of blood glucose. This poor glycemic control favours the development of candida infections, especially urinary and oral.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140711887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-11DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61019
Meshari Mosleh G Alenzi, Osama Mohammed F Alenzi, Faisal Mosleh G Alenzi, Abdulaziz Saleh D Aldaham, Mohamed Hamoud E Alkhaldi, Abdullah Mohammad G Alruwaili, Mohammed Amid S Alkhaldi, M. A. Alanazi, Ahmed Mohammed Alruwaili, W. M. A. Alruwaili
Background: Noise is an "unwanted sound" with various adverse health effects. Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) results from irreparable damage to the inner ear's cochlear hair cells. In addition, a potential consequence of using prevalent personal listening devices (PLDs) puts the users at greater risk of hearing loss when misusing these devices. Objectives: This study evaluates the awareness of NIHL and headphones use among general population in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with a representative random sample of the general population of Jouf, Northern Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed through the social media. We collected data regarding participants' awareness of NIHL caused by headphone use. Results: As regard knowledge about NIHL among the studied population, there were 46.1% admitted to not knowing whether NIHL is a type of conductive hearing loss, 42.5% recognized that a substantial amount of hearing loss is required to impact speech and social development. The data also highlighted a positive trend, with 54.1% acknowledging that noise-induced hearing problems were preventable. Interestingly, a notable portion, 28.1%, were uncertain about the minimum duration of exposure to loud noise that could harm hearing. Similarly, a significant percentage, 24.0%, were unsure about the minimum volume levels that could negatively affect hearing. Additionally, 21.5% unsure whether frequent exposure to hazardous noise leads to hearing loss due to a damaged eardrum. As regard PLD-related practices, there was a significant portion primarily use earphones (40.4%) and listen to audio for 1-2 hours a day (42.5%). Most individuals (40.4%) reported that people surrounding them are usually affected by the noise from their PLDs. Interestingly, a high percentage (71.9%) expressed the recommendation for installing voice limiting features on their ear devices. Additionally, (80.8%) are willing to change their behavior if presented with evidence of the negative impact of loud noise on hearing. Conclusion: noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a prevalent and preventable public health issue that affects a significant portion of the population, including individuals in Saudi Arabia. The study highlighted a lack of awareness and knowledge about NIHL and its symptoms among the general population. However, there is a positive trend towards acknowledging the preventability of noise-induced hearing problems. The study also revealed concerning practices related to personal listening devices (PLDs), with a significant portion of respondents using earphones for extended periods and being surrounded by noise from their devices. There is a growing willingness among individuals to change their behavior if presented with evidence of the negative impact of loud noise on hearing.
{"title":"Awareness About the Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) and Its Relation to Headphones Use at al Jouf Region, Northern Saudi Arabia","authors":"Meshari Mosleh G Alenzi, Osama Mohammed F Alenzi, Faisal Mosleh G Alenzi, Abdulaziz Saleh D Aldaham, Mohamed Hamoud E Alkhaldi, Abdullah Mohammad G Alruwaili, Mohammed Amid S Alkhaldi, M. A. Alanazi, Ahmed Mohammed Alruwaili, W. M. A. Alruwaili","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61019","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Noise is an \"unwanted sound\" with various adverse health effects. Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) results from irreparable damage to the inner ear's cochlear hair cells. In addition, a potential consequence of using prevalent personal listening devices (PLDs) puts the users at greater risk of hearing loss when misusing these devices.\u0000Objectives: This study evaluates the awareness of NIHL and headphones use among general population in Saudi Arabia.\u0000Materials and Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study with a representative random sample of the general population of Jouf, Northern Saudi Arabia. A self-administered questionnaire was distributed through the social media. We collected data regarding participants' awareness of NIHL caused by headphone use.\u0000Results: As regard knowledge about NIHL among the studied population, there were 46.1% admitted to not knowing whether NIHL is a type of conductive hearing loss, 42.5% recognized that a substantial amount of hearing loss is required to impact speech and social development. The data also highlighted a positive trend, with 54.1% acknowledging that noise-induced hearing problems were preventable. Interestingly, a notable portion, 28.1%, were uncertain about the minimum duration of exposure to loud noise that could harm hearing. Similarly, a significant percentage, 24.0%, were unsure about the minimum volume levels that could negatively affect hearing. Additionally, 21.5% unsure whether frequent exposure to hazardous noise leads to hearing loss due to a damaged eardrum. As regard PLD-related practices, there was a significant portion primarily use earphones (40.4%) and listen to audio for 1-2 hours a day (42.5%). Most individuals (40.4%) reported that people surrounding them are usually affected by the noise from their PLDs. Interestingly, a high percentage (71.9%) expressed the recommendation for installing voice limiting features on their ear devices. Additionally, (80.8%) are willing to change their behavior if presented with evidence of the negative impact of loud noise on hearing.\u0000Conclusion: noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a prevalent and preventable public health issue that affects a significant portion of the population, including individuals in Saudi Arabia. The study highlighted a lack of awareness and knowledge about NIHL and its symptoms among the general population. However, there is a positive trend towards acknowledging the preventability of noise-induced hearing problems. The study also revealed concerning practices related to personal listening devices (PLDs), with a significant portion of respondents using earphones for extended periods and being surrounded by noise from their devices. There is a growing willingness among individuals to change their behavior if presented with evidence of the negative impact of loud noise on hearing.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140714303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61018
C. Nwafor, Jovita Agbamoro
Background: The stress electrocardiographic (ECG), is a dependable method for evaluating cardiovascular health and examining potential heart conditions like myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia. EST is rare in cardiac settings with limited data on diagnosis in the developing worlds. Our main goal was to determine the clinical characteristics of patients referred to our cardiac center. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of adult patients aged (>18 years old) with low or intermediate pretest symptoms referred for EST to GoodHeart Medical consultant hospital between October 2019 and January 2023. Data included medication, smoking, alcohol, medical history, and symptoms. Results: In a study with 102 subjects (mean age: 49±16 years), 57.8% were aged 41-60, and 72.5% were males. Routine medical fitness and chest pain were common indications for EST. 80% of subjects with positive arrhythmia and 50% with positive ischemia had chest pain. None of the patient presenting for routine medical fitness had arrhythmia while 14.3% had ischemia. Arrhythmia correlated significantly with chest pain. Among those with positive ischemia, 71.4% were hypertensive and 64.2% were obese; none smoked or consumed alcohol. For positive arrhythmia cases, 70% were hypertensive and 80% were obese; 40%, 20%, and 10% smoked, consumed alcohol, and were diabetic, respectively. Conclusion: Majority of subjects that underwent the EST has normal result and the few that had positive ischemia 13.7% were referred for angiography and angioplasty while subject with positive arrhythmia 9.8% were recommended for Holter ECG and electrophysiology studies. The occurrence of major cardiovascular events was rare.
{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Temporal Profile of Patients Referred to a Cardiac Centre for Stress Electrocardiography (ECG) in Southern Nigeria","authors":"C. Nwafor, Jovita Agbamoro","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61018","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The stress electrocardiographic (ECG), is a dependable method for evaluating cardiovascular health and examining potential heart conditions like myocardial ischemia and arrhythmia. EST is rare in cardiac settings with limited data on diagnosis in the developing worlds. Our main goal was to determine the clinical characteristics of patients referred to our cardiac center.\u0000Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study of adult patients aged (>18 years old) with low or intermediate pretest symptoms referred for EST to GoodHeart Medical consultant hospital between October 2019 and January 2023. Data included medication, smoking, alcohol, medical history, and symptoms.\u0000Results: In a study with 102 subjects (mean age: 49±16 years), 57.8% were aged 41-60, and 72.5% were males. Routine medical fitness and chest pain were common indications for EST. 80% of subjects with positive arrhythmia and 50% with positive ischemia had chest pain. None of the patient presenting for routine medical fitness had arrhythmia while 14.3% had ischemia. Arrhythmia correlated significantly with chest pain. Among those with positive ischemia, 71.4% were hypertensive and 64.2% were obese; none smoked or consumed alcohol. For positive arrhythmia cases, 70% were hypertensive and 80% were obese; 40%, 20%, and 10% smoked, consumed alcohol, and were diabetic, respectively.\u0000Conclusion: Majority of subjects that underwent the EST has normal result and the few that had positive ischemia 13.7% were referred for angiography and angioplasty while subject with positive arrhythmia 9.8% were recommended for Holter ECG and electrophysiology studies. The occurrence of major cardiovascular events was rare.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61017
Fahad Mohamed Aldossari, Hussain Saleh Al Bensaad
Mass casualty incidents (MCIs) pose significant challenges to healthcare systems, requiring rapid and effective triage strategies to optimize patient outcomes and resource utilization. This narrative review explores the evolution, effectiveness, ethical considerations, global perspectives, and future directions of field triage tools in MCIs. Beginning with the historical perspective, milestones in triage development, such as the Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) protocol and its adaptations like Jump START and Sort, Assess, Lifesaving Interventions, Treat/Transport (SALT), are discussed. Current field triage systems are evaluated, including their application, limitations, and impact on patient outcomes. Training and education programs, challenges in triage education, and ethical/legal considerations in resource allocation and informed consent are examined. Global variations in triage systems, cultural factors, collaboration efforts, and standardization initiatives are explored to understand regional differences and promote interoperability. Future directions emphasize enhancing triage accuracy, integrating triage with healthcare systems, and research priorities. The review concludes with implications for practice and policy, calling for continued research, collaboration, and innovation to advance field triage capabilities and improve emergency response worldwide.
{"title":"Field Triage Tools in Mass Casualty Incidents: A Narrative Review","authors":"Fahad Mohamed Aldossari, Hussain Saleh Al Bensaad","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61017","url":null,"abstract":"Mass casualty incidents (MCIs) pose significant challenges to healthcare systems, requiring rapid and effective triage strategies to optimize patient outcomes and resource utilization. This narrative review explores the evolution, effectiveness, ethical considerations, global perspectives, and future directions of field triage tools in MCIs. Beginning with the historical perspective, milestones in triage development, such as the Simple Triage and Rapid Treatment (START) protocol and its adaptations like Jump START and Sort, Assess, Lifesaving Interventions, Treat/Transport (SALT), are discussed. Current field triage systems are evaluated, including their application, limitations, and impact on patient outcomes. Training and education programs, challenges in triage education, and ethical/legal considerations in resource allocation and informed consent are examined. Global variations in triage systems, cultural factors, collaboration efforts, and standardization initiatives are explored to understand regional differences and promote interoperability. Future directions emphasize enhancing triage accuracy, integrating triage with healthcare systems, and research priorities. The review concludes with implications for practice and policy, calling for continued research, collaboration, and innovation to advance field triage capabilities and improve emergency response worldwide.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140726291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61015
Diego Reyes García, Misael Elizalde López, Agustín Parra Macías
This study aims to analyze the relevance of the correct evaluation in the breast pathology, using a standardized method for reporting breast imaging studies, the Breast Imaging Report And Data System (BI-RADS). Myofibroblastoma (MFB) of the breast is a rare, benign, mesenchymal tumor of breast, can be a diagnostic challenge for the non-experienced general radiologist or radiology resident, due to its clinical, mammographic and ultrasonographic characteristics. In this report case we present a 57-year-old women with a breast lump and non-specific imaging findings, through her mammographic and ultrasonographic evaluation, requiring histopathological correlation, making the diagnoses of MFB, leading to lumpectomy as treatment.
本研究旨在使用乳腺成像报告和数据系统（BI-RADS）这一标准化的乳腺成像研究报告方法，分析正确评估与乳腺病理学的相关性。乳腺肌纤维母细胞瘤（MFB）是一种罕见的良性乳腺间质瘤，由于其临床、乳房X线和超声成像特点，对于没有经验的普通放射科医生或放射科住院医师来说是一个诊断难题。在本报告的病例中，我们介绍了一位 57 岁女性的乳房肿块和非特异性影像学检查结果，通过对她的乳房 X 线摄影和超声波检查进行评估，要求进行组织病理学相关性检查，确诊为乳腺间质瘤，并进行了肿块切除术作为治疗手段。
{"title":"A Case Report of Breast Myofibroblastoma: A Bad Looking Benign Tumor","authors":"Diego Reyes García, Misael Elizalde López, Agustín Parra Macías","doi":"10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajmah/2024/v22i61015","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to analyze the relevance of the correct evaluation in the breast pathology, using a standardized method for reporting breast imaging studies, the Breast Imaging Report And Data System (BI-RADS). Myofibroblastoma (MFB) of the breast is a rare, benign, mesenchymal tumor of breast, can be a diagnostic challenge for the non-experienced general radiologist or radiology resident, due to its clinical, mammographic and ultrasonographic characteristics. In this report case we present a 57-year-old women with a breast lump and non-specific imaging findings, through her mammographic and ultrasonographic evaluation, requiring histopathological correlation, making the diagnoses of MFB, leading to lumpectomy as treatment.","PeriodicalId":505327,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Medicine and Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140732036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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