Pub Date : 2024-07-22DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i3240
Nzemeka Christopher Olisah, N. Obiekezie
Solid waste landfill management has been a significant issue for Nigerian urban areas and other developing countries across the globe.Similar to most other cities, Nsukka also generates waste on a daily basis, much of which is dumped in poorly designed and positioned dumping sites. The majority of the disposal sites are found on roadsides, at marketplaces, on farms, and in residential neighborhoods, among other places. The road infrastructure and groundwater are under danger, and the beauty of the impacted communities are not spared. Undoubtedly, the unchecked citation of boreholes as the source of potable water in the majority of our rural and urban communities—given that the government doesn't seem to be providing water to the people—has become a significant challenge. An investigation using electrical resistivity method was conducted around a solid waste dumpsite at Nsukka in Nsukka L.G.A of Enugu State, Nigeria with an aim to investigate the level of groundwater contamination and the objectives to determine the subsurface geoelectric layers, depth to water table, lithology delineation and map out the contamination zones. The scope of this study provides an overview of some of the approaches used to assess the aquifer vulnerability and aquifer potential using Vertical Electrical Sounding (Schlumberger array) and 2D resistivity imaging (Wenner array) in different locations around Nsukka municipality dumpsite. Both methods were used for this study in order to provide a geophysical database for exploration of the study area’s groundwater resources and also they are less expensive and less time consuming. VES has proved to be effective in solving groundwater problems in most places in Nigeria (Ezeh and Ugwu, 2010; Ugwu and Ezeh, 2012; Nzemeka et al. [1,2]. Electrical Sounding (VES) and 2D resistivity imaging were carried out with a digital read out resistivity meter (ABEM SAS 1000) to acquire data in the area and were interpreted using the Schlumberger automatic INTERPEX analysis software and the RES2DINV software respectively, which generates model curves using initial layer parameters and display the variations of electrical resistivities respectively. A total of eight (8) sounding and six (6) 2D resistivity imagings were carried out in the area. A contaminant leachate plume was delineated in 2D resistivity sections as low resistivity zones while the VES shows the depth of aquifer. In 2D pseudosections where bluish colours with low resistivities (less than 20.80(Omega)m) with the depth ranging from 1.28m to 17.1m in the Line 1 and 2 are seen as contaminated zones. The rest of the lines are not contaminated because of their high resistivities (greater than 20.80(Omega)m). The result of the electrical resistivity survey also showed 4 - 5 layers geo-electric sections and an AA and AK type sounding curves. The VES result shows that VES 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B which are carried out on line 1 & 2 of the wenner lines showed signs of contamination with low re
{"title":"The Result of Electrical Resistivity Investigation of Solid Waste Landfill Conducted at Nsukka Municipality Using Electrical Resistivity Measurments","authors":"Nzemeka Christopher Olisah, N. Obiekezie","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i3240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i3240","url":null,"abstract":"Solid waste landfill management has been a significant issue for Nigerian urban areas and other developing countries across the globe.Similar to most other cities, Nsukka also generates waste on a daily basis, much of which is dumped in poorly designed and positioned dumping sites. The majority of the disposal sites are found on roadsides, at marketplaces, on farms, and in residential neighborhoods, among other places. The road infrastructure and groundwater are under danger, and the beauty of the impacted communities are not spared. Undoubtedly, the unchecked citation of boreholes as the source of potable water in the majority of our rural and urban communities—given that the government doesn't seem to be providing water to the people—has become a significant challenge. An investigation using electrical resistivity method was conducted around a solid waste dumpsite at Nsukka in Nsukka L.G.A of Enugu State, Nigeria with an aim to investigate the level of groundwater contamination and the objectives to determine the subsurface geoelectric layers, depth to water table, lithology delineation and map out the contamination zones. The scope of this study provides an overview of some of the approaches used to assess the aquifer vulnerability and aquifer potential using Vertical Electrical Sounding (Schlumberger array) and 2D resistivity imaging (Wenner array) in different locations around Nsukka municipality dumpsite. Both methods were used for this study in order to provide a geophysical database for exploration of the study area’s groundwater resources and also they are less expensive and less time consuming. VES has proved to be effective in solving groundwater problems in most places in Nigeria (Ezeh and Ugwu, 2010; Ugwu and Ezeh, 2012; Nzemeka et al. [1,2]. Electrical Sounding (VES) and 2D resistivity imaging were carried out with a digital read out resistivity meter (ABEM SAS 1000) to acquire data in the area and were interpreted using the Schlumberger automatic INTERPEX analysis software and the RES2DINV software respectively, which generates model curves using initial layer parameters and display the variations of electrical resistivities respectively. A total of eight (8) sounding and six (6) 2D resistivity imagings were carried out in the area. A contaminant leachate plume was delineated in 2D resistivity sections as low resistivity zones while the VES shows the depth of aquifer. In 2D pseudosections where bluish colours with low resistivities (less than 20.80(Omega)m) with the depth ranging from 1.28m to 17.1m in the Line 1 and 2 are seen as contaminated zones. The rest of the lines are not contaminated because of their high resistivities (greater than 20.80(Omega)m). The result of the electrical resistivity survey also showed 4 - 5 layers geo-electric sections and an AA and AK type sounding curves. The VES result shows that VES 1A, 1B, 2A and 2B which are carried out on line 1 & 2 of the wenner lines showed signs of contamination with low re","PeriodicalId":505385,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141817595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-19DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i3238
Noshin Anjum, Md. Motaleb Hossain
Estimating the discharge from a rainfall event is a challenging task because of a number of affecting elements. A multitude of physiographic factors are essential for both channel and surface flow. In a developing nation like Bangladesh, discharge measurement is critical for forecasting floods, managing land, measuring sediment, nutrients and promoting sustainable development. It is possible to measure the discharge and physiographic parameter using a hydrological model. Using a semi-distributed model Soil and water Assessment Tool (SWAT), the discharge of the Teesta River Basin, one of the most significant basins of Bangladesh, is simulated for the years 2003 to 2020. Sequential Uncertainty Fitting version2 (SUFI-2) technique within SWAT-CUP (SWAT Calibration Uncertainty Program) is used to accomplish model calibration and validation for daily time periods utilizing physiographic parameters. The simulation period of this study spans from 2003 to 2020, and the meteorological data utilized includes temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and rainfall. With and , our calibration results for the time period 2003–2011 demonstrated a strong correlation between observed and simulated discharge. Reasonable values are obtained for the and , which are 0.65 and 0.70 for the validation period 2012-2020. Sensitivity analysis is an integral part of model development and involves analytical examination of input parameters to aid in model validation and provide guidance for future research and sustainable development. Sensitivities of physiographic parameters have been analyzed using SUFI-2 algorithm in SWAT-CUP. It is done by global and one-at-a-time sensitivity procedures. For the Teesta river basin parameters coefficient curve number CN2.mgt, saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil lair SOL_K ().sol and soil bulk density SOL_BD ().sol show most sensitivity for both of global and one-at-a-time sensitivity procedures. The findings contribute to predict the discharge in period of no observe data as well as to enhance the understanding and informing decision-making processes for sustainable water resource management.
{"title":"Sensitivity Analysis of the Physiographic Parameters of the Teesta River Basin by Hydrological Modelling","authors":"Noshin Anjum, Md. Motaleb Hossain","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i3238","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i3238","url":null,"abstract":"Estimating the discharge from a rainfall event is a challenging task because of a number of affecting elements. A multitude of physiographic factors are essential for both channel and surface flow. In a developing nation like Bangladesh, discharge measurement is critical for forecasting floods, managing land, measuring sediment, nutrients and promoting sustainable development. It is possible to measure the discharge and physiographic parameter using a hydrological model. Using a semi-distributed model Soil and water Assessment Tool (SWAT), the discharge of the Teesta River Basin, one of the most significant basins of Bangladesh, is simulated for the years 2003 to 2020. Sequential Uncertainty Fitting version2 (SUFI-2) technique within SWAT-CUP (SWAT Calibration Uncertainty Program) is used to accomplish model calibration and validation for daily time periods utilizing physiographic parameters. The simulation period of this study spans from 2003 to 2020, and the meteorological data utilized includes temperature, wind speed, relative humidity and rainfall. With and , our calibration results for the time period 2003–2011 demonstrated a strong correlation between observed and simulated discharge. Reasonable values are obtained for the and , which are 0.65 and 0.70 for the validation period 2012-2020. Sensitivity analysis is an integral part of model development and involves analytical examination of input parameters to aid in model validation and provide guidance for future research and sustainable development. Sensitivities of physiographic parameters have been analyzed using SUFI-2 algorithm in SWAT-CUP. It is done by global and one-at-a-time sensitivity procedures. For the Teesta river basin parameters coefficient curve number CN2.mgt, saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil lair SOL_K ().sol and soil bulk density SOL_BD ().sol show most sensitivity for both of global and one-at-a-time sensitivity procedures. The findings contribute to predict the discharge in period of no observe data as well as to enhance the understanding and informing decision-making processes for sustainable water resource management.","PeriodicalId":505385,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":" 651","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141823634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-23DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2231
Ngwani Awudu, Funwi Godlove Ngwa, Suiven John Paul, Yinkfu Randy, Ngeh Roland Nformi
This study sets out to investigate the challenges hindering Mbororo sources of livelihood in Mbum Plateau, North West Region of Cameroon. Explanatory research was used where it specify the nature and direction of the relationships between the studied variables. The study used mixed methods of qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study employed the primary and secondary data sources to bring out realistic results. Rainfall Seasonality Index (SI) and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) were employed to assess the vulnerability of the agro-hydrological system to climate variation. The major primary data sources used were field survey, interviews and questionnaires. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed using stratified random and snow ball sampling techniques. The data obtained was complemented by secondary sources from published and unpublished materials. Data collected during the field survey were analyzed through two statistical techniques. The qualitative data obtained was analyzed through the content analysis whereas themes and codes were given to the different opinions and perceptions of the informants and their frequencies and percentages were being determined from there. Data were presented in tables, charts, maps, and graphs with some attempted interpretations. Data were analyzed using the chi-square and multiple regression models. The findings revealed that climate variability, dwindling pasture and low streams discharge are having negative effects on Mbororo communities. It was observed from satellite images that, land use over the years has been changing with reducing aerial extent and quality of pasture, reducing water points in Mbum Plateau. In order to adapt the decreasing cattle numbers on the side of the Mborroro, they have taken farming, diving, hawking arm rubbery, and schooling as new livelihoods sustenance. The study recommends a sustainable pastoral activity by encouraging the introduction of drought resistant cattle species, Bracharia and Guatemala grass to supplement the natural pasture. MINEPAI should regularly control herd size so as to ensure ecosystem balance and avoid overgrazing. Transhumance tracts and areas should be well demarcated to avoid frequent farmer-grazers’ conflicts and frequent cattle theft observed in the region.
{"title":"Climatic Variations and Challenges to Socio-economic Development amongst Mbororo Communities in Mbum Plateau, North West Region of Cameroon","authors":"Ngwani Awudu, Funwi Godlove Ngwa, Suiven John Paul, Yinkfu Randy, Ngeh Roland Nformi","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2231","url":null,"abstract":"This study sets out to investigate the challenges hindering Mbororo sources of livelihood in Mbum Plateau, North West Region of Cameroon. Explanatory research was used where it specify the nature and direction of the relationships between the studied variables. The study used mixed methods of qualitative and quantitative approaches. The study employed the primary and secondary data sources to bring out realistic results. Rainfall Seasonality Index (SI) and Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) were employed to assess the vulnerability of the agro-hydrological system to climate variation. The major primary data sources used were field survey, interviews and questionnaires. A total of 200 questionnaires were distributed using stratified random and snow ball sampling techniques. The data obtained was complemented by secondary sources from published and unpublished materials. Data collected during the field survey were analyzed through two statistical techniques. The qualitative data obtained was analyzed through the content analysis whereas themes and codes were given to the different opinions and perceptions of the informants and their frequencies and percentages were being determined from there. Data were presented in tables, charts, maps, and graphs with some attempted interpretations. Data were analyzed using the chi-square and multiple regression models. The findings revealed that climate variability, dwindling pasture and low streams discharge are having negative effects on Mbororo communities. It was observed from satellite images that, land use over the years has been changing with reducing aerial extent and quality of pasture, reducing water points in Mbum Plateau. In order to adapt the decreasing cattle numbers on the side of the Mborroro, they have taken farming, diving, hawking arm rubbery, and schooling as new livelihoods sustenance. The study recommends a sustainable pastoral activity by encouraging the introduction of drought resistant cattle species, Bracharia and Guatemala grass to supplement the natural pasture. MINEPAI should regularly control herd size so as to ensure ecosystem balance and avoid overgrazing. Transhumance tracts and areas should be well demarcated to avoid frequent farmer-grazers’ conflicts and frequent cattle theft observed in the region.","PeriodicalId":505385,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":"98 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141106020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-19DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2230
Nikhil Tiwari, Parag Jyoti Kashyap
The urban growth refers to the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas, where there is a higher level of human population, economic activity, infrastructure, and significant expansion of land use. Urban growth is closely related to urbanization. In the National Capital Region (NCR), unplanned growth is one of the main problems. These obstacles limit the prospects for economic expansion. So, the study area of this research is the NCR of India. The study is based on the growth of urban areas from 1901 to 2011. The data is taken from the Census of India, Registrar General, and Census Commissioner, New Delhi. It has counted the total towns and population in Delhi, NCR, since 1901 and 2011. The District Census Handbook has been used for the collection of urban population and total population data for that district. Google Earth Pro has been used for the kml format of towns. ArcGIS 10.7 software has been used for mapping purposes. The number of towns has increased from 1901 to 2011. There have been found 182 towns in 2011. The towns also show positive and negative growth from 1901 to 2011. The maximum growth of towns was found after the liberalization period. The maximum growth of towns has been found in the Uttar Pradesh sub region. And most of the towns have transformed into urban regions.
{"title":"Urban Growth Dynamics of National Capital Region of India Using Geospatial Technology","authors":"Nikhil Tiwari, Parag Jyoti Kashyap","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2230","url":null,"abstract":"The urban growth refers to the movement of people from rural areas to urban areas, where there is a higher level of human population, economic activity, infrastructure, and significant expansion of land use. Urban growth is closely related to urbanization. In the National Capital Region (NCR), unplanned growth is one of the main problems. These obstacles limit the prospects for economic expansion. So, the study area of this research is the NCR of India. The study is based on the growth of urban areas from 1901 to 2011. The data is taken from the Census of India, Registrar General, and Census Commissioner, New Delhi. It has counted the total towns and population in Delhi, NCR, since 1901 and 2011. The District Census Handbook has been used for the collection of urban population and total population data for that district. Google Earth Pro has been used for the kml format of towns. ArcGIS 10.7 software has been used for mapping purposes. The number of towns has increased from 1901 to 2011. There have been found 182 towns in 2011. The towns also show positive and negative growth from 1901 to 2011. The maximum growth of towns was found after the liberalization period. The maximum growth of towns has been found in the Uttar Pradesh sub region. And most of the towns have transformed into urban regions.","PeriodicalId":505385,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":"120 34","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141124154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The problem of coastal erosion in rivers State Nigeria is a significant issue that has far-reaching consequences for the environment and local communities. Despite the efforts of previous research there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to erosion vulnerability and their relative importance, hindering effective decision-making and management practices aimed at mitigating the effects of coastal erosion in Rivers State. Therefore, this study aimed at a GIS-based analytical hierarchy process modeling and mapping of coastal erosion vulnerability in Rivers State, Nigeria. The objectives are to establish and classify the geophysical factors according to the levels of coastal erosion risk, calculate the reliability index of the classified geophysical factors, determine the coastal vulnerable areas across Rivers State using analytical hierarchical process and to produce a coastal vulnerability index map defining the extent of erosion vulnerability in Rivers State. The methodology comprises of the acquisition of primary and secondary data, image pre-processing, image classification, DEM processing, classification and standardization of factors, development of pairwise comparism, and weighted linear combination analysis. The study revealed three distinct coastal erosion vulnerability zones: high, moderate, and low vulnerability. The high vulnerability zone encompassed a total expanse of 545.29 square kilometers, constituting 6.38% of the study area. In contrast, the moderate and low vulnerability zones covered 1941.33 square kilometers and 6052.51 square kilometers, respectively, making up 22.73% and 70.89% of the total area. Bonny (139.28 sq km) was ranked as the most vulnerable due to its role as an oil and gas hub. Degema (111.28 sq km) ranked second and requires urgent erosion control. Okrika and Andoni (71.73 sq km and 62.20 sq km) were third and fourth respectively. It is recommended that an advocate for the systematic approach to coastal vulnerability zoning be introduced in the study. The categorization of areas into high, moderate, and low vulnerability zones provides a standardized framework for assessing coastal regions' susceptibility to erosion. This approach can be applied to other regions to facilitate consistent vulnerability assessments.
{"title":"GIS-Based Analytical Hierarchy Process Modelling and Mapping of Erosion Vulnerability in the Coastal Areas of Rivers State, Nigeria","authors":".. Igbokwe, J.I, .. Obasohan, J.N, .. Igbokwe, E.C","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2228","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of coastal erosion in rivers State Nigeria is a significant issue that has far-reaching consequences for the environment and local communities. Despite the efforts of previous research there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding of the factors contributing to erosion vulnerability and their relative importance, hindering effective decision-making and management practices aimed at mitigating the effects of coastal erosion in Rivers State. Therefore, this study aimed at a GIS-based analytical hierarchy process modeling and mapping of coastal erosion vulnerability in Rivers State, Nigeria. The objectives are to establish and classify the geophysical factors according to the levels of coastal erosion risk, calculate the reliability index of the classified geophysical factors, determine the coastal vulnerable areas across Rivers State using analytical hierarchical process and to produce a coastal vulnerability index map defining the extent of erosion vulnerability in Rivers State. The methodology comprises of the acquisition of primary and secondary data, image pre-processing, image classification, DEM processing, classification and standardization of factors, development of pairwise comparism, and weighted linear combination analysis. The study revealed three distinct coastal erosion vulnerability zones: high, moderate, and low vulnerability. The high vulnerability zone encompassed a total expanse of 545.29 square kilometers, constituting 6.38% of the study area. In contrast, the moderate and low vulnerability zones covered 1941.33 square kilometers and 6052.51 square kilometers, respectively, making up 22.73% and 70.89% of the total area. Bonny (139.28 sq km) was ranked as the most vulnerable due to its role as an oil and gas hub. Degema (111.28 sq km) ranked second and requires urgent erosion control. Okrika and Andoni (71.73 sq km and 62.20 sq km) were third and fourth respectively. It is recommended that an advocate for the systematic approach to coastal vulnerability zoning be introduced in the study. The categorization of areas into high, moderate, and low vulnerability zones provides a standardized framework for assessing coastal regions' susceptibility to erosion. This approach can be applied to other regions to facilitate consistent vulnerability assessments.","PeriodicalId":505385,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":"52 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140660939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-06DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2226
naftaly mose, Michael Fumey, Edwin Kipchirchir
The empirical studies have portrayed from a different perspective that technology, foreign direct investment (FDI), and economic growth have diverse outcomes on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. African economies specifically Kenya are currently threatened with more CO2 emissions for which proper strategies need to be adopted to reduce and mitigate this situation. To address this issue, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique was utilized, differentiating between the long-term and short-term effects of drivers of CO2. Granger causality was applied to analyze the causality between the series. The study uses time series data for Kenya from 1990 to 2022. The short-run and long-run results indicate a negative relationship between technology and carbon emissions. Specifically, an increase in technology reduces carbon emissions while an increase in economic growth and FDI inflow increases carbon emissions. The study has identified the negative nexus between technology and carbon emissions in Kenya. This means that technological innovation can increase labour productivity and utilization of resources, thereby reducing carbon emissions. Therefore, Kenya should increase research and utilization of low and efficient carbon technologies to decouple economic growth from environmental pollution. Based on the result, various strategies have been proposed, including using different clean technologies to produce renewable fuels. FDI that complies with environmental regulations, and the use of advanced green and clean technologies can help mitigate the negative impact of technological progress on the environment. Additionally, technological progress, particularly in information and communication technology, will reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve environmental quality.
{"title":"Drivers of Carbon Emissions in Kenya: The Perspective of Technology","authors":"naftaly mose, Michael Fumey, Edwin Kipchirchir","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i2226","url":null,"abstract":"The empirical studies have portrayed from a different perspective that technology, foreign direct investment (FDI), and economic growth have diverse outcomes on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. African economies specifically Kenya are currently threatened with more CO2 emissions for which proper strategies need to be adopted to reduce and mitigate this situation. To address this issue, the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique was utilized, differentiating between the long-term and short-term effects of drivers of CO2. Granger causality was applied to analyze the causality between the series. The study uses time series data for Kenya from 1990 to 2022. The short-run and long-run results indicate a negative relationship between technology and carbon emissions. Specifically, an increase in technology reduces carbon emissions while an increase in economic growth and FDI inflow increases carbon emissions. The study has identified the negative nexus between technology and carbon emissions in Kenya. This means that technological innovation can increase labour productivity and utilization of resources, thereby reducing carbon emissions. Therefore, Kenya should increase research and utilization of low and efficient carbon technologies to decouple economic growth from environmental pollution. Based on the result, various strategies have been proposed, including using different clean technologies to produce renewable fuels. FDI that complies with environmental regulations, and the use of advanced green and clean technologies can help mitigate the negative impact of technological progress on the environment. Additionally, technological progress, particularly in information and communication technology, will reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve environmental quality.","PeriodicalId":505385,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140734779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1218
Ohaeri, E. C., Obafemi A. A.
Noise pollution has gotten more significant as cities have grown more densely populated. This study aimed to assess the noise pollution level in the capital cities of Awa-Ibom, Bayelsa Calabar and Rivers State, South-South, Nigeria. Noise level measurement was conducted using Noise Level Meter (NM102). Noise level measurement for all sampling locations were conducted on working days (Monday through Friday) between February 2022 and January 2023. Results showed that noise concentration in Port Harcourt ranged between 31 and 103 db(A), 31 and 103 db(A) in Calabar, 32.1-90.1 in Uyo and 30.1-83 db(A) in Yenagoa. The noise levels in Rivers, Calabar and Uyo exceeded the WHO limit of 90 db(A). This has great consequence on the comfort and health of persons residing close to areas with high noise generation. Measure to reduce noise pollution should be put in place in these cities.
{"title":"Noise Pollution Status in South-South Nigeria","authors":"Ohaeri, E. C., Obafemi A. A.","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1218","url":null,"abstract":"Noise pollution has gotten more significant as cities have grown more densely populated. This study aimed to assess the noise pollution level in the capital cities of Awa-Ibom, Bayelsa Calabar and Rivers State, South-South, Nigeria. Noise level measurement was conducted using Noise Level Meter (NM102). Noise level measurement for all sampling locations were conducted on working days (Monday through Friday) between February 2022 and January 2023. Results showed that noise concentration in Port Harcourt ranged between 31 and 103 db(A), 31 and 103 db(A) in Calabar, 32.1-90.1 in Uyo and 30.1-83 db(A) in Yenagoa. The noise levels in Rivers, Calabar and Uyo exceeded the WHO limit of 90 db(A). This has great consequence on the comfort and health of persons residing close to areas with high noise generation. Measure to reduce noise pollution should be put in place in these cities.","PeriodicalId":505385,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":"23 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139803320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1218
Ohaeri, E. C., Obafemi A. A.
Noise pollution has gotten more significant as cities have grown more densely populated. This study aimed to assess the noise pollution level in the capital cities of Awa-Ibom, Bayelsa Calabar and Rivers State, South-South, Nigeria. Noise level measurement was conducted using Noise Level Meter (NM102). Noise level measurement for all sampling locations were conducted on working days (Monday through Friday) between February 2022 and January 2023. Results showed that noise concentration in Port Harcourt ranged between 31 and 103 db(A), 31 and 103 db(A) in Calabar, 32.1-90.1 in Uyo and 30.1-83 db(A) in Yenagoa. The noise levels in Rivers, Calabar and Uyo exceeded the WHO limit of 90 db(A). This has great consequence on the comfort and health of persons residing close to areas with high noise generation. Measure to reduce noise pollution should be put in place in these cities.
{"title":"Noise Pollution Status in South-South Nigeria","authors":"Ohaeri, E. C., Obafemi A. A.","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1218","url":null,"abstract":"Noise pollution has gotten more significant as cities have grown more densely populated. This study aimed to assess the noise pollution level in the capital cities of Awa-Ibom, Bayelsa Calabar and Rivers State, South-South, Nigeria. Noise level measurement was conducted using Noise Level Meter (NM102). Noise level measurement for all sampling locations were conducted on working days (Monday through Friday) between February 2022 and January 2023. Results showed that noise concentration in Port Harcourt ranged between 31 and 103 db(A), 31 and 103 db(A) in Calabar, 32.1-90.1 in Uyo and 30.1-83 db(A) in Yenagoa. The noise levels in Rivers, Calabar and Uyo exceeded the WHO limit of 90 db(A). This has great consequence on the comfort and health of persons residing close to areas with high noise generation. Measure to reduce noise pollution should be put in place in these cities.","PeriodicalId":505385,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":"42 9-10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139863066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1217
Renu Bali
Last decade has been a decade (2000-2019) of some of the major disaster occurrences. Majority of these disasters were climate based. Between 2000-2019 there were 7348 major recorded disaster events worldwide as compared to 4212 between 1980-1999 These disasters claimed 12mn lives and affected more than 4.03 billion people (2000 – 2019). Asia suffered the highest number of disaster events due to size of the continents, its physiography and high density of population. In terms of affected countries globally, India with 321 events was third highest in terms of economic losses and loss of lives [1]. Widespread occurrences of disasters and heavy destruction in terms of loss of life and property and damage to ecosystems has highlighted the issue of understanding and managing the disasters effectively whether they are natural or caused by human neglect and interventions. Disaster management and overall development of a region should go simultaneously, in fact, development should include disaster management processes. Occurrence of disasters disrupt the process of development by causing damage to the developmental efforts which have taken long time to achieve. It often pushes the countries back by several decades. Thus, efficient management of disasters before their occurrence, rather than responding to them after the occurrence has, in recent times, received increased attention both within India and abroad.
{"title":"Disaster Management Cycle","authors":"Renu Bali","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1217","url":null,"abstract":"Last decade has been a decade (2000-2019) of some of the major disaster occurrences. Majority of these disasters were climate based. Between 2000-2019 there were 7348 major recorded disaster events worldwide as compared to 4212 between 1980-1999 These disasters claimed 12mn lives and affected more than 4.03 billion people (2000 – 2019). Asia suffered the highest number of disaster events due to size of the continents, its physiography and high density of population. In terms of affected countries globally, India with 321 events was third highest in terms of economic losses and loss of lives [1]. Widespread occurrences of disasters and heavy destruction in terms of loss of life and property and damage to ecosystems has highlighted the issue of understanding and managing the disasters effectively whether they are natural or caused by human neglect and interventions. Disaster management and overall development of a region should go simultaneously, in fact, development should include disaster management processes. Occurrence of disasters disrupt the process of development by causing damage to the developmental efforts which have taken long time to achieve. It often pushes the countries back by several decades. Thus, efficient management of disasters before their occurrence, rather than responding to them after the occurrence has, in recent times, received increased attention both within India and abroad.","PeriodicalId":505385,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":"19 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139808514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-03DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1217
Renu Bali
Last decade has been a decade (2000-2019) of some of the major disaster occurrences. Majority of these disasters were climate based. Between 2000-2019 there were 7348 major recorded disaster events worldwide as compared to 4212 between 1980-1999 These disasters claimed 12mn lives and affected more than 4.03 billion people (2000 – 2019). Asia suffered the highest number of disaster events due to size of the continents, its physiography and high density of population. In terms of affected countries globally, India with 321 events was third highest in terms of economic losses and loss of lives [1]. Widespread occurrences of disasters and heavy destruction in terms of loss of life and property and damage to ecosystems has highlighted the issue of understanding and managing the disasters effectively whether they are natural or caused by human neglect and interventions. Disaster management and overall development of a region should go simultaneously, in fact, development should include disaster management processes. Occurrence of disasters disrupt the process of development by causing damage to the developmental efforts which have taken long time to achieve. It often pushes the countries back by several decades. Thus, efficient management of disasters before their occurrence, rather than responding to them after the occurrence has, in recent times, received increased attention both within India and abroad.
{"title":"Disaster Management Cycle","authors":"Renu Bali","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2024/v7i1217","url":null,"abstract":"Last decade has been a decade (2000-2019) of some of the major disaster occurrences. Majority of these disasters were climate based. Between 2000-2019 there were 7348 major recorded disaster events worldwide as compared to 4212 between 1980-1999 These disasters claimed 12mn lives and affected more than 4.03 billion people (2000 – 2019). Asia suffered the highest number of disaster events due to size of the continents, its physiography and high density of population. In terms of affected countries globally, India with 321 events was third highest in terms of economic losses and loss of lives [1]. Widespread occurrences of disasters and heavy destruction in terms of loss of life and property and damage to ecosystems has highlighted the issue of understanding and managing the disasters effectively whether they are natural or caused by human neglect and interventions. Disaster management and overall development of a region should go simultaneously, in fact, development should include disaster management processes. Occurrence of disasters disrupt the process of development by causing damage to the developmental efforts which have taken long time to achieve. It often pushes the countries back by several decades. Thus, efficient management of disasters before their occurrence, rather than responding to them after the occurrence has, in recent times, received increased attention both within India and abroad.","PeriodicalId":505385,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139868284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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