Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.55003/cast.2024.258346
Mathurot Kumthongwathana, S. Supapvanich, N. Pongprasert, Chalermchai Wongs-Aree, P. Boonyaritthongchai
Recently, the use of natural agents to improve quality has attracted a lot of attention on fresh-cut produce and minimally processed fruit. The aims of this work were to investigate the efficiency of sericin and fresh pineapple juice (selected natural agents) on browning inhibition and antioxidant activity of fresh-cut ‘Nam Dok Mai’ mangoes during refrigeration (4°C). Based on a preliminary study and our previous work, 2% sericin (S) and 50% pineapple juice (PJ) were selected. Biological parameters related to enzymatic browning incidence, antioxidants and antioxidant enzyme activity of the fresh-cut mangoes immersed in 2% S, 50% PJ and 50% PJ incorporated with 2% S (PJ+S) were investigated. Immersion in S, PJ or PJ+S inhibited enzymatic browning due to delaying of discoloration, lowering of browning index (BI) and increases in polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities compared to control treatment. The lowest PPO and POD activities and total phenolic content were found in the S treated fresh-cut mangoes. PJ+S treated fresh-cut mangoes had antioxidant activities higher than other treatment. All treatments enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, especially PJ immersion. Therefore, S and PJ show potential as natural agents that can inhibit browning and improve antioxidant activity in fresh-cut mangoes during refrigeration.
{"title":"Sericin and Pineapple Fruit Extract as Natural Agents Inhibiting Browning and Improving Antioxidant Activity in Fresh-cut Ripe Mangoes cv. Nam Dok Mai","authors":"Mathurot Kumthongwathana, S. Supapvanich, N. Pongprasert, Chalermchai Wongs-Aree, P. Boonyaritthongchai","doi":"10.55003/cast.2024.258346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2024.258346","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the use of natural agents to improve quality has attracted a lot of attention on fresh-cut produce and minimally processed fruit. The aims of this work were to investigate the efficiency of sericin and fresh pineapple juice (selected natural agents) on browning inhibition and antioxidant activity of fresh-cut ‘Nam Dok Mai’ mangoes during refrigeration (4°C). Based on a preliminary study and our previous work, 2% sericin (S) and 50% pineapple juice (PJ) were selected. Biological parameters related to enzymatic browning incidence, antioxidants and antioxidant enzyme activity of the fresh-cut mangoes immersed in 2% S, 50% PJ and 50% PJ incorporated with 2% S (PJ+S) were investigated. Immersion in S, PJ or PJ+S inhibited enzymatic browning due to delaying of discoloration, lowering of browning index (BI) and increases in polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD) activities compared to control treatment. The lowest PPO and POD activities and total phenolic content were found in the S treated fresh-cut mangoes. PJ+S treated fresh-cut mangoes had antioxidant activities higher than other treatment. All treatments enhanced the activities of antioxidant enzymes, especially PJ immersion. Therefore, S and PJ show potential as natural agents that can inhibit browning and improve antioxidant activity in fresh-cut mangoes during refrigeration.","PeriodicalId":505451,"journal":{"name":"CURRENT APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"7 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139775276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.55003/cast.2024.257203
Adlina Syafura Ahmad Sabri, Hamizah Md Rasid, Reena Abd Rashid, Umi Kalsum Abdul Karim, Mohamed Sazif Mohamed Subri, Mohamed Izzharif Abdul Halim
Document examination is one of the main types of investigations in forensic science, particularly in cases involving questioned documents. These documents include assorted forms of written or printed texts on different substrates (paper, banknotes, etc.) with uncertain authenticity. Ink analysis plays a vital role in document examination. It is often focused on understanding the chemical composition of the ink, which can be colorants, solvents, vehicles, and additives. Document examiners utilize several analytical tools including laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The use of this instrument has gained prominence for its ability to detect multiple elements, offer straightforward sample preparation, minimize sample destruction, and provide fast and accurate readings. This paper reviews previous research that employed LIBS for document examination, highlighting its modern applications and approaches in analysing various types of documents. Furthermore, this paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of this instrument as a viable technique in the field of document examination.
{"title":"A Review of Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) for Document Examination: Fundamentals, Mechanism, and Application","authors":"Adlina Syafura Ahmad Sabri, Hamizah Md Rasid, Reena Abd Rashid, Umi Kalsum Abdul Karim, Mohamed Sazif Mohamed Subri, Mohamed Izzharif Abdul Halim","doi":"10.55003/cast.2024.257203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2024.257203","url":null,"abstract":"Document examination is one of the main types of investigations in forensic science, particularly in cases involving questioned documents. These documents include assorted forms of written or printed texts on different substrates (paper, banknotes, etc.) with uncertain authenticity. Ink analysis plays a vital role in document examination. It is often focused on understanding the chemical composition of the ink, which can be colorants, solvents, vehicles, and additives. Document examiners utilize several analytical tools including laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS). The use of this instrument has gained prominence for its ability to detect multiple elements, offer straightforward sample preparation, minimize sample destruction, and provide fast and accurate readings. This paper reviews previous research that employed LIBS for document examination, highlighting its modern applications and approaches in analysing various types of documents. Furthermore, this paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of this instrument as a viable technique in the field of document examination.","PeriodicalId":505451,"journal":{"name":"CURRENT APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"5 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.55003/cast.2024.256871
Zelvy Amelia Murwani, I. Artika, Syaefudin, W. Nurcholis
Curcuma xanthorrhiza RoxB. is a medicinal plant found in Indonesia and is often cultivated for therapeutic purposes. Curcuma xanthorrhiza typically thrives in shaded, low-light environments. In this study, plant growth, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll content of C. xanthorrhiza in the same growing environment with different shade treatments were evaluated. The level of shade was adjusted using paranet at 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%. Growth observations of C. xanthorrhiza were carried out from 1 to 6 months after planting (MAP). Chlorophyll content was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 649 and 665 nm. The photosynthetic rate was measured using Li-Cor 6400 at 5 MAP. The results revealed that 50% shade gave the best response for plant height at 2 MAP. However, the highest number of leaves was found at 25% shade at 4 and 5 MAP. The shade level of 25% produced a significant response for C. xanthorrhiza rhizome biomass. The highest photosynthetic rate was found at 0% shade (26.69 µmol CO2 m-2s-1) and the lowest at 75% shade (15.12 µmol CO2 m-2s-1). Meanwhile, the chlorophyll content and number of tillers of C. xanthorrhiza leaves were unaffected by shade treatment. This study shows that shade treatments at 25%-50% levels gave the best growth responses in the C. xanthorrhiza plants.
{"title":"Evaluation of Growth, Chlorophyll Content, and Photosynthesis Rate of Curcuma xanthorrhiza With Different Shade Levels","authors":"Zelvy Amelia Murwani, I. Artika, Syaefudin, W. Nurcholis","doi":"10.55003/cast.2024.256871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2024.256871","url":null,"abstract":"Curcuma xanthorrhiza RoxB. is a medicinal plant found in Indonesia and is often cultivated for therapeutic purposes. Curcuma xanthorrhiza typically thrives in shaded, low-light environments. In this study, plant growth, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll content of C. xanthorrhiza in the same growing environment with different shade treatments were evaluated. The level of shade was adjusted using paranet at 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%. Growth observations of C. xanthorrhiza were carried out from 1 to 6 months after planting (MAP). Chlorophyll content was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 649 and 665 nm. The photosynthetic rate was measured using Li-Cor 6400 at 5 MAP. The results revealed that 50% shade gave the best response for plant height at 2 MAP. However, the highest number of leaves was found at 25% shade at 4 and 5 MAP. The shade level of 25% produced a significant response for C. xanthorrhiza rhizome biomass. The highest photosynthetic rate was found at 0% shade (26.69 µmol CO2 m-2s-1) and the lowest at 75% shade (15.12 µmol CO2 m-2s-1). Meanwhile, the chlorophyll content and number of tillers of C. xanthorrhiza leaves were unaffected by shade treatment. This study shows that shade treatments at 25%-50% levels gave the best growth responses in the C. xanthorrhiza plants.","PeriodicalId":505451,"journal":{"name":"CURRENT APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"69 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139783918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Collagen is a proteinaceous material that is present abundantly in animal tissues and gives physical strength and stability to the tissues. Collagen extracted from animal tissues has been applied in the biomedical and healthcare sectors. In recent days, aquatic organisms have shown great potential for collagen extraction and purification. In the present study, we selected three fish species: Naucrates ductor, Oreochromis mossambicus and Cyprinus carpiofor collagen extraction from both their skin and scales. The biomass was pre-treated to remove any non-collagenous matter and fat. Acid-soluble collagen was extracted using acetic acid and a maximum extraction of 51.55±1.02% was reported. The total protein fractions and the denaturation temperatures of the collagen extractswere measured. The molecular weights and the subunit compositions of the collagen extracts were analyzed using SDS-PAGE and the presence of two α chains, one β, and one γ chain. Amino acid profiling was done in an amino acid analyzer after hydrolysis and about one third of the total amino acid content was glycine. The solubility characteristics of the collagenextracts were analyzed at different ranges of pH and salinity. The antimicrobial activities of the collagen extracts were examined against four bacterial species, and it was proven that skin-derived collagens had greater antibacterial potential than extracts of the scales. In vitro studies on the wound healing capacity of the extracted collagen were performed using A549 cell line cultured in F-12K medium, and 95% of cell regeneration was observed in collagen-supplemented dispersed cell lines.
{"title":"Extraction and Characterization of Fish Collagen for Enhanced Wound Healing Activity on A549 Cell Lines","authors":"Vimal Arasan Anbuselvan, Bliss Shiny Nelson, Bhavya Karunaharan, Sivakumar Kandhasamy","doi":"10.55003/cast.2024.258572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2024.258572","url":null,"abstract":"Collagen is a proteinaceous material that is present abundantly in animal tissues and gives physical strength and stability to the tissues. Collagen extracted from animal tissues has been applied in the biomedical and healthcare sectors. In recent days, aquatic organisms have shown great potential for collagen extraction and purification. In the present study, we selected three fish species: Naucrates ductor, Oreochromis mossambicus and Cyprinus carpiofor collagen extraction from both their skin and scales. The biomass was pre-treated to remove any non-collagenous matter and fat. Acid-soluble collagen was extracted using acetic acid and a maximum extraction of 51.55±1.02% was reported. The total protein fractions and the denaturation temperatures of the collagen extractswere measured. The molecular weights and the subunit compositions of the collagen extracts were analyzed using SDS-PAGE and the presence of two α chains, one β, and one γ chain. Amino acid profiling was done in an amino acid analyzer after hydrolysis and about one third of the total amino acid content was glycine. The solubility characteristics of the collagenextracts were analyzed at different ranges of pH and salinity. The antimicrobial activities of the collagen extracts were examined against four bacterial species, and it was proven that skin-derived collagens had greater antibacterial potential than extracts of the scales. In vitro studies on the wound healing capacity of the extracted collagen were performed using A549 cell line cultured in F-12K medium, and 95% of cell regeneration was observed in collagen-supplemented dispersed cell lines.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":505451,"journal":{"name":"CURRENT APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"178 27","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139843300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-12DOI: 10.55003/cast.2024.256871
Zelvy Amelia Murwani, I. Artika, Syaefudin, W. Nurcholis
Curcuma xanthorrhiza RoxB. is a medicinal plant found in Indonesia and is often cultivated for therapeutic purposes. Curcuma xanthorrhiza typically thrives in shaded, low-light environments. In this study, plant growth, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll content of C. xanthorrhiza in the same growing environment with different shade treatments were evaluated. The level of shade was adjusted using paranet at 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%. Growth observations of C. xanthorrhiza were carried out from 1 to 6 months after planting (MAP). Chlorophyll content was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 649 and 665 nm. The photosynthetic rate was measured using Li-Cor 6400 at 5 MAP. The results revealed that 50% shade gave the best response for plant height at 2 MAP. However, the highest number of leaves was found at 25% shade at 4 and 5 MAP. The shade level of 25% produced a significant response for C. xanthorrhiza rhizome biomass. The highest photosynthetic rate was found at 0% shade (26.69 µmol CO2 m-2s-1) and the lowest at 75% shade (15.12 µmol CO2 m-2s-1). Meanwhile, the chlorophyll content and number of tillers of C. xanthorrhiza leaves were unaffected by shade treatment. This study shows that shade treatments at 25%-50% levels gave the best growth responses in the C. xanthorrhiza plants.
{"title":"Evaluation of Growth, Chlorophyll Content, and Photosynthesis Rate of Curcuma xanthorrhiza With Different Shade Levels","authors":"Zelvy Amelia Murwani, I. Artika, Syaefudin, W. Nurcholis","doi":"10.55003/cast.2024.256871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2024.256871","url":null,"abstract":"Curcuma xanthorrhiza RoxB. is a medicinal plant found in Indonesia and is often cultivated for therapeutic purposes. Curcuma xanthorrhiza typically thrives in shaded, low-light environments. In this study, plant growth, photosynthetic rate, and chlorophyll content of C. xanthorrhiza in the same growing environment with different shade treatments were evaluated. The level of shade was adjusted using paranet at 0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%. Growth observations of C. xanthorrhiza were carried out from 1 to 6 months after planting (MAP). Chlorophyll content was measured using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at 649 and 665 nm. The photosynthetic rate was measured using Li-Cor 6400 at 5 MAP. The results revealed that 50% shade gave the best response for plant height at 2 MAP. However, the highest number of leaves was found at 25% shade at 4 and 5 MAP. The shade level of 25% produced a significant response for C. xanthorrhiza rhizome biomass. The highest photosynthetic rate was found at 0% shade (26.69 µmol CO2 m-2s-1) and the lowest at 75% shade (15.12 µmol CO2 m-2s-1). Meanwhile, the chlorophyll content and number of tillers of C. xanthorrhiza leaves were unaffected by shade treatment. This study shows that shade treatments at 25%-50% levels gave the best growth responses in the C. xanthorrhiza plants.","PeriodicalId":505451,"journal":{"name":"CURRENT APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"187 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139843677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Collagen is a proteinaceous material that is present abundantly in animal tissues and gives physical strength and stability to the tissues. Collagen extracted from animal tissues has been applied in the biomedical and healthcare sectors. In recent days, aquatic organisms have shown great potential for collagen extraction and purification. In the present study, we selected three fish species: Naucrates ductor, Oreochromis mossambicus and Cyprinus carpiofor collagen extraction from both their skin and scales. The biomass was pre-treated to remove any non-collagenous matter and fat. Acid-soluble collagen was extracted using acetic acid and a maximum extraction of 51.55±1.02% was reported. The total protein fractions and the denaturation temperatures of the collagen extractswere measured. The molecular weights and the subunit compositions of the collagen extracts were analyzed using SDS-PAGE and the presence of two α chains, one β, and one γ chain. Amino acid profiling was done in an amino acid analyzer after hydrolysis and about one third of the total amino acid content was glycine. The solubility characteristics of the collagenextracts were analyzed at different ranges of pH and salinity. The antimicrobial activities of the collagen extracts were examined against four bacterial species, and it was proven that skin-derived collagens had greater antibacterial potential than extracts of the scales. In vitro studies on the wound healing capacity of the extracted collagen were performed using A549 cell line cultured in F-12K medium, and 95% of cell regeneration was observed in collagen-supplemented dispersed cell lines.
{"title":"Extraction and Characterization of Fish Collagen for Enhanced Wound Healing Activity on A549 Cell Lines","authors":"Vimal Arasan Anbuselvan, Bliss Shiny Nelson, Bhavya Karunaharan, Sivakumar Kandhasamy","doi":"10.55003/cast.2024.258572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55003/cast.2024.258572","url":null,"abstract":"Collagen is a proteinaceous material that is present abundantly in animal tissues and gives physical strength and stability to the tissues. Collagen extracted from animal tissues has been applied in the biomedical and healthcare sectors. In recent days, aquatic organisms have shown great potential for collagen extraction and purification. In the present study, we selected three fish species: Naucrates ductor, Oreochromis mossambicus and Cyprinus carpiofor collagen extraction from both their skin and scales. The biomass was pre-treated to remove any non-collagenous matter and fat. Acid-soluble collagen was extracted using acetic acid and a maximum extraction of 51.55±1.02% was reported. The total protein fractions and the denaturation temperatures of the collagen extractswere measured. The molecular weights and the subunit compositions of the collagen extracts were analyzed using SDS-PAGE and the presence of two α chains, one β, and one γ chain. Amino acid profiling was done in an amino acid analyzer after hydrolysis and about one third of the total amino acid content was glycine. The solubility characteristics of the collagenextracts were analyzed at different ranges of pH and salinity. The antimicrobial activities of the collagen extracts were examined against four bacterial species, and it was proven that skin-derived collagens had greater antibacterial potential than extracts of the scales. In vitro studies on the wound healing capacity of the extracted collagen were performed using A549 cell line cultured in F-12K medium, and 95% of cell regeneration was observed in collagen-supplemented dispersed cell lines.\u0000 ","PeriodicalId":505451,"journal":{"name":"CURRENT APPLIED SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139783193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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