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Transformer-less drive and operation stability analysis of dielectric barrier discharge using a double resonance circuit 双谐振电路介质阻挡放电无变压器驱动及运行稳定性分析
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23455
Taichiro Tamida, Ryota Nagata, Taiga Itani

A dielectric barrier discharge load (DBD) with a maintenance voltage of 1.5 kV has been successfully driven stably from a 48 V inverter only by resonance voltage boost and no transformer. The proposed circuit consists of a two-stage resonant circuit. The circuit operation is investigated using both prototyping measurement and circuit simulation, which shows that despite the high Q value, the design margin and operating stability of the circuit are extremely wide. It is found that this operational stability can be explained by considering the impedance characteristics of DBD. We believe that the circuit is suitable for driving discharge loads such as DBD in practical applications.

在48 V逆变器中,仅通过谐振升压而不使用变压器,成功地稳定驱动了维护电压为1.5 kV的介质阻挡放电负载。所提出的电路由两级谐振电路组成。采用原型测量和电路仿真两种方法对电路的运行进行了研究,结果表明,尽管Q值很高,但电路的设计余量和运行稳定性非常大。发现这种工作稳定性可以通过考虑DBD的阻抗特性来解释。我们认为该电路在实际应用中适合驱动DBD等放电负载。
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引用次数: 0
A circuit model of electrical wiring nearby building structure for lightning surge analysis 建筑物结构附近电线的电路模型,用于雷击浪涌分析
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23456
Hideyuki Dei, Yoki Ikeda, Naoto Nagaoka

A model expressing beams, pillars, and electrical wiring in a building for lightning surge simulation by circuit analysis method is proposed in this paper. The proposed model expresses the self-surge impedance of the electrical wiring as a function of the distance between conductors and the radius of the electrical wiring. The mutual impedance is expressed by the distance between the surfaces of a structure and a nearby wire instead of the distance between the conductor centers. In the case of two conductors having far different radii in proximity, the distribution of electromagnetic fields around the two conductors is similar in horizontal and vertical arrangements. Thus, the electrical wiring nearby pillars can be treated as a horizontal conductor. The circuit analysis results show that the voltage difference generated between the structure and the electrical wiring is calculated more precisely by the proposed model than by the conventional model.

本文提出了一种用电路分析方法表示建筑物内的梁、柱和电线的模型,用于雷电浪涌仿真。所提出的模型将电线的自浪涌阻抗表示为导体之间的距离和电线半径的函数。相互阻抗由结构表面与附近导线之间的距离而不是导体中心之间的距离来表示。在两个导体的邻近半径相差很大的情况下,两导体周围的电磁场分布在水平和垂直方向上是相似的。因此,柱子附近的电线可以看作是水平导体。电路分析结果表明,与传统模型相比,该模型能更精确地计算出结构与电线之间产生的电压差。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of interference of electromagnetic noise in an electric compressor for vehicle air-conditioning systems with an integrated mechanical and electrical structure 机电一体车用空调系统电动压缩机电磁噪声干扰分析
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-11-28 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23454
Iori Uda, Satoshi Ogasawara, Koji Orikawa, Koji Kobayashi, Hiroshi Yoshida, Tatsuki Kashihara, Kohei Takada

Since a motor drive system contains an inverter (high-voltage circuit) and gate drive circuits (low-voltage circit) with a switching regulator, electromagnetic noise is generated in each of these two circuits, and noise interference between these circuits can occur. This paper discusses noise interference between the high- and low-voltage circuits of an electric compressor system with an integrated mechanical and electrical structure. Analysis using LTspice shows that the experimental and analytical results are in good agreement when a very small stray capacitance occurs between the high- and low-voltage circuits. An experiment using an actual compressor showed that conducted noise above 20 MHz can be reduced by up to 10 dB by reducing the effect of stray capacitance between these circuits.

由于电机驱动系统包含一个带开关调节器的逆变器(高压电路)和栅极驱动电路(低压电路),在这两个电路中都会产生电磁噪声,并且这些电路之间会发生噪声干扰。本文讨论了机电一体化结构的电动压缩机系统中高、低压回路之间的噪声干扰问题。利用LTspice分析表明,当高、低压电路之间的杂散电容很小时,实验结果与分析结果吻合较好。利用实际压缩机进行的实验表明,通过减小电路间杂散电容的影响,可以将20 MHz以上的传导噪声降低10 dB。
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引用次数: 0
Power factor control for inverters under high penetration of distributed generation 分布式发电高渗透条件下逆变器功率因数控制
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-10-17 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23452
Yasuaki Yamada, Toshiya Nanahara, Kazuto Yukita

The paper proposes a method to select a power factor for an inverter of distributed power generation systems to keep appropriate voltage of a power system with the high penetration of inverter-interfaced generation. The increase of inverter-interfaced power sources, such as wind and photovoltaic power generation, arouses concerns on the voltage fluctuations in a power system. While constant power factor control of an inverter has been studied as a means to stabilize the voltage of a power system, there still remains room to improve the control. The proposed method in the paper selects the power factor based on the R/X ratio of the looking-back impedance into the interconnected power system. By normalizing the related variables, a general formula is derived for the power factor, and the resultant relationship between the apparent power and voltage of an inverter becomes identical irrespective of the R/X ratio with the control. Sample studies show that, by operating an inverter with the power factor, voltage fluctuations are effectively suppressed even for a power system with the high penetration of inverter-interfaced generation.

本文提出了一种选择分布式发电系统逆变器功率因数的方法,以保证逆变器接口发电高渗透的电力系统保持合适的电压。逆变器接口电源的增加,如风能和光伏发电,引起了人们对电力系统电压波动的关注。逆变器的恒功率因数控制作为稳定电力系统电压的一种手段已被研究,但其控制仍有改进的余地。本文提出的方法是根据接入互联电力系统后视阻抗的R/X比选择功率因数。通过规范化相关变量,导出了功率因数的一般公式,并且逆变器的视在功率和电压之间的结果关系变得相同,而与控制的R/X比无关。样本研究表明,即使在逆变器接口发电渗透率较高的电力系统中,通过带功率因数的逆变器运行,电压波动也能得到有效抑制。
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引用次数: 0
Function and role of bus bar protection relay in distribution substation 配电变电所母线保护继电器的功能和作用
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-10-03 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23451
Yuki Matsuda, Takayuki Inui

Bus bar of substations are important equipment where multiple facilities are centrally connected, and the impact of a fault is significant. Therefore, bus bar protection relays have unique functions to correctly detect the point of fault, which allows high speed fault elimination and minimization of outage area. This paper describes functions and roles of bus bar protection relays applied in distribution substation of Kansai Transmission and Distribution. After describing the concept of installation of bus bar protection relays, recent trends in device development tailored to the bus bar configurations of substations and the unique functions of bus bar protection relays are introduced. The retrofit methods that are being increasingly applied as a renewal solution for bus bar protection relays are then described, as well as prospects for bus bar protection functions in the future IEC 61850 full-digital substations.

变电站母线是多设施集中连接的重要设备,故障影响较大。因此,母线保护继电器具有独特的功能,可以正确检测故障点,从而实现高速故障排除和最大限度地减少停电面积。介绍了在关西输配电变电站中母线保护继电器的功能和作用。在描述了母线保护继电器的安装概念之后,介绍了针对变电站母线配置的设备发展的最新趋势以及母线保护继电器的独特功能。然后描述了作为母线保护继电器更新解决方案越来越多地应用的改造方法,以及未来IEC 61850全数字变电站母线保护功能的前景。
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引用次数: 0
Optimization of train timetables and placement of charging facilities for battery-powered LRT 电池供电轻轨列车时刻表优化与充电设施布置
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23453
Kosuke Horiuchi, Masafumi Miyatake

The energy consumption of a battery-powered train in an interstation depends on the running time and state of energy (SOE) at departure. In this paper, we develop an optimization method of train timetables to minimize energy consumption in line with several stations. The variables in this proposed optimization model are running, dwell, and charging times as real numbers and places of charging facilities as binaries. Additionally, we conducted a case study using the real-world light rail transit (LRT) route, vehicle, and onboard battery model to confirm the effectiveness. In the case study, the proposed method can optimize the timetable and placement of charging facilities by considering the track gradient and battery SOE.

电池驱动列车在车站间的能量消耗取决于发车时的运行时间和能量状态(SOE)。在本文中,我们提出了一种列车时刻表优化方法,以最小化能源消耗与多个站点一致。该优化模型中的变量是实数形式的运行时间、停留时间和充电时间,以及二进制形式的充电设施位置。此外,我们还使用现实世界的轻轨交通(LRT)路线、车辆和车载电池模型进行了案例研究,以证实其有效性。在实例研究中,该方法可以在考虑轨道坡度和电池SOE的情况下优化充电设施的时间表和布局。
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引用次数: 0
Fundamental experiment and numerical simulation of pre-ionized inert gas plasma MHD electrical power generation 预电离惰性气体等离子体MHD发电的基础实验与数值模拟
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-09-27 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23449
Ork Kimsor, Yoshinobu Kodera, Yoshihiro Okuno

The experiments of pre-ionized inert gas plasma MHD electrical power generation are conducted, and the performance and plasma behavior in the experimental generator are examined through time-dependent r-_ two-dimensional numerical simulation. In the experiment, an enthalpy extraction ratio of 4.01% has been obtained with a disk-shaped MHD generator with radio-frequency pre-ionization. In the numerical simulation, at an assumed inlet electron temperature around 5600 K (inlet ionization degree 0:10 × 10−4)_6600 K (1:36 × 10−4), the plasma structure is similar to the non-uniform structure observed in the experiment. An enthalpy extraction ratio around 2_5% matches well with that in the experiment. At a suitable inlet electron temperature of 7000 K (3:15 × 10−4)_8000 K (1:79 × 10−3), although non-uniform plasma structure still occurs, a high enthalpy extraction ratio over 10% is expected.

进行了预电离惰性气体等离子体MHD发电实验,并通过随时间的r-_二维数值模拟对实验发生器的性能和等离子体行为进行了研究。在实验中,采用圆盘型高频预电离MHD发生器,获得了4.01%的焓萃取率。在数值模拟中,假设入口电子温度约为5600 K(入口电离度0:10 × 10−4)_6600 K (1:36 × 10−4)时,等离子体结构与实验中观察到的非均匀结构相似。焓萃取比在25%左右与实验结果吻合较好。在合适的进口电子温度为7000 K (3:15 × 10−4)~ 8000 K (1:79 × 10−3)时,虽然等离子体结构仍然不均匀,但焓萃取率有望达到10%以上。
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引用次数: 0
Development of a three-phase power-flow calculation method for distribution systems with automatic handling of arbitrary winding connections of transformers 自动处理变压器任意绕组连接的配电系统三相潮流计算方法的发展
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23445
Guilherme Cirilo Leandro, Taku Noda

Single-phase loads and photovoltaic generation cause three-phase imbalance in distribution systems, and prospective growth of normal chargers of electric vehicles may even increase the imbalance. The analysis of such unbalanced systems requires the three-phase power-flow calculation. Since existing methods require the admittance matrices of three-phase transformers, they must be derived for all possible winding connection patterns in advance to its computer-code implementation. This paper proposes a three-phase power-flow calculation method which formulates circuit equations using the modified nodal analysis, making it possible to automatically handle any winding connection. The power-flow constraints are then embedded into the circuit equations using a fixed-point iteration. Newton-Raphson, backward/forward sweep and fixed-point iteration methods are the existing three categories of solution methods. Newton-Raphson methods may show convergence problems due to the high R/X ratios of distribution lines. Backward/forward sweep methods cannot be used, because loops are temporarily formed in a distribution system during circuit switching. These justify the use of a fixed-point iteration. In this paper, the proposed method is validated by practical examples.

单相负荷和光伏发电导致配电系统三相不平衡,电动汽车正常充电器的预期增长甚至可能加剧不平衡。这种不平衡系统的分析需要三相潮流计算。由于现有的方法需要三相变压器的导纳矩阵,因此必须在计算机代码实现之前推导出所有可能的绕组连接方式的导纳矩阵。本文提出了一种三相潮流计算方法,该方法利用修正的节点分析来建立电路方程,使自动处理任何绕组连接成为可能。然后利用不动点迭代将潮流约束嵌入到电路方程中。Newton-Raphson法、向后/向前扫描法和不动点迭代法是现有的三类求解方法。Newton-Raphson方法可能由于配电线路的高R/X比而出现收敛问题。不能使用反向/正向扫描方法,因为在电路切换过程中,配电系统中会临时形成环路。这证明了使用定点迭代是合理的。本文通过实例验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
End effects of Halbach field magnet-type linear motor 哈尔巴赫磁场磁体型直线电机的末端效应
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23450
Hiroto Yamaguchi, Mimpei Morishita

A linear motor that uses a finite length Halbach array as its magnetic field causes a thrust force ripple owing to end effects. In this paper, the theoretical and numerical analysis methods of the Halbach array are investigated. The results of the electromagnetic field analysis are compared to confirm the validity of the theoretical and numerical solutions. Moreover, we focus on the magnetic pole period and coil arrangement of the finite length Halbach field type linear motor to eliminate the influence of the end effects, and report the relationship with the end effects.

采用有限长度哈尔巴赫阵列作为磁场的直线电机由于末端效应而产生推力脉动。本文研究了哈尔巴赫阵列的理论和数值分析方法。通过对电磁场分析结果的比较,验证了理论解和数值解的有效性。此外,为了消除末端效应的影响,我们重点研究了有限长度哈尔巴赫磁场型直线电机的磁极周期和线圈布置,并报告了它们与末端效应的关系。
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引用次数: 0
Evaluation of vector magnetic property in a three-phase induction motor model core with visualization of streamline 基于流线可视化的三相感应电机模型铁芯矢量磁性能评价
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术 Q4 Energy Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23441
Yuichiro Kai, Ryoya Maeda, Masato Enokizono

In this paper, a streamline display method for magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength vectors in a three-phase induction motor model core is presented, and the relationship between streamlines and magnetic properties is investigated. It is possible to visualize the vector magnetic properties distribution by representing the magnetic flux density and the magnetic field strength vector with the streamlines. In addition, the time variation of the streamlines of the magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength vectors, and magnetic energy was compared. It was clear that the magnetic energy did not necessarily increase in the areas where the magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength increased because these vectors have the spatial phase difference.

提出了一种三相感应电动机模型铁心磁通密度和磁场强度矢量的流线显示方法,并研究了流线与磁性能之间的关系。用流线表示磁通量密度和磁场强度矢量,可以直观地表示矢量磁性分布。对比了磁通密度、磁场强度矢量和磁能的流线随时间的变化规律。可见,在磁通量密度和磁场强度增大的区域,磁能并不一定增大,因为这两个矢量具有空间相位差。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Electrical Engineering in Japan
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