Four new species of Sichuana Shen & Yin, 2020 are described based on morphological comparison and molecular analysis: S. planicercata sp. nov. , S. curvicercata sp. nov. , S. longilamina sp. nov. and S. magnicerca sp. nov. Specimens showed some intraspecific variation of male tegmina and subgenital plates. The genes COI and 16S were used to analyze the genetic distance between species and COI was used to analyze the phylogenetic relationship of Sichuana .
四川沈四新种在形态比较和分子分析的基础上描述了Yin, 2020: S. planicercata sp. 11, S. curvicercata sp. 11, S. longilamina sp. 11和S. magnicerca sp. 11 .标本中显示出一些雄性睾丸和亚生殖器板的种内变异。用COI和16S基因分析种间遗传距离，用COI基因分析川属植物的系统发育关系。
{"title":"Phylogeny of genus Sichuana Shen & Yin, 2020 (Orthoptera, Tettigoniidae, Tettigoniinae) with four new species from Sichuan, China","authors":"Jun-Jie Gu, Chengjie Zheng, Su-Rong Jiang, Yanli Yue","doi":"10.3897/dez.70.105870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.105870","url":null,"abstract":"Four new species of Sichuana Shen & Yin, 2020 are described based on morphological comparison and molecular analysis: S. planicercata sp. nov. , S. curvicercata sp. nov. , S. longilamina sp. nov. and S. magnicerca sp. nov. Specimens showed some intraspecific variation of male tegmina and subgenital plates. The genes COI and 16S were used to analyze the genetic distance between species and COI was used to analyze the phylogenetic relationship of Sichuana .","PeriodicalId":50592,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135246869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larval mouthparts are significant organs for the individual development, morphologically related with feeding habits, and providing valuable characters for taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis. In previous studies, larval mouthparts revealed two identifying characters of Notodontidae. However, the evolutionary driving force and exact definition of these structures remain unsatisfactory. In this study, the larval mouthparts of Euhampsonia cristata (Butler, 1877), Fentonia ocypete (Bremer, 1861), Phalera assimilis (Bremer & Grey, 1853), Nerice davidi Oberthür, 1881, Cerura erminea (Esper, 1783) and Furcula furcula (Clerck, 1759) are morphologically observed and compared using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The larval mouthparts of the six species are commonly equipped with paired maxillary sacs, congruent with the previous descriptions. However, the larval mouthparts of N. davidi are peculiar for bearing toothed mandibles, providing an exception of Notodontidae. Otherwise, the mouthparts exhibit morphological differences on mandibles, spinnerets, labral notches, and setal arrangements among the six species. The morphological diversity and the related feeding and pupation habits are briefly discussed.
{"title":"Comparative morphology of the larval mouthparts among six species of Notodontidae (Insecta, Lepidoptera), with discussions on their feeding habits and pupation sites","authors":"Jia-Xin Liu, Lu Jiang","doi":"10.3897/dez.70.107431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.107431","url":null,"abstract":"Larval mouthparts are significant organs for the individual development, morphologically related with feeding habits, and providing valuable characters for taxonomy and phylogenetic analysis. In previous studies, larval mouthparts revealed two identifying characters of Notodontidae. However, the evolutionary driving force and exact definition of these structures remain unsatisfactory. In this study, the larval mouthparts of Euhampsonia cristata (Butler, 1877), Fentonia ocypete (Bremer, 1861), Phalera assimilis (Bremer & Grey, 1853), Nerice davidi Oberthür, 1881, Cerura erminea (Esper, 1783) and Furcula furcula (Clerck, 1759) are morphologically observed and compared using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The larval mouthparts of the six species are commonly equipped with paired maxillary sacs, congruent with the previous descriptions. However, the larval mouthparts of N. davidi are peculiar for bearing toothed mandibles, providing an exception of Notodontidae. Otherwise, the mouthparts exhibit morphological differences on mandibles, spinnerets, labral notches, and setal arrangements among the six species. The morphological diversity and the related feeding and pupation habits are briefly discussed.","PeriodicalId":50592,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135245745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arnaud Faille, Sylvia Hofmann, Yeshitla Merene, David Hauth, Lars Opgenoorth, Yitbarek Woldehawariat, Joachim Schmidt
The trechine beetle fauna (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the Ethiopian Highlands is known to be highly diverse in species, and many species groups were recognized to be characterized by unusual character states of external and genital morphology. Earlier authors described several genera and subgenera of Ethiopian Trechina endemic to certain high mountains of the country. However, the relationships of these species groups and their evolutionary history are unknown so far. Here, we present the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of Ethiopian Trechina, detect several synonymic names under Trechus sensu lato, and introduce two new species groups to the country’s fauna: the monotypic genus Baehria Schmidt & Faille, gen. nov. , with the type species B. separata sp. nov. from Mt. Choke in northern Ethiopia, and the Trechus subgenus Abunetrechus Schmidt & Faille, subgen. nov. , with the type species T. bipartitus Raffray, 1885; this subgenus includes three species of northern Ethiopia. We show that the composition of the Ethiopian fauna is based on multiple events of immigration, which started simultaneously with or some million years after the Oligocene-Early Miocene orogenic events north and south of the Rift Valley. Our results support the habitat island hypothesis for the evolution of the Ethiopian highland fauna. We found no evidence for an alternative hypothesis assuming a close connection of the Trechina immigration to Ethiopia and Pleistocene cooling. We, thus, conclude that the geomorphological development rather than the climatic changes are the main drivers of the diversification of the high-altitude Trechina fauna in Ethiopia.
衣索比亚高原的甲甲虫区系(鞘翅目，甲甲科)具有高度的物种多样性，许多种群被认为具有不同寻常的外部和生殖形态特征。早期的作者描述了埃塞俄比亚某些高山特有的几个属和亚属。然而，到目前为止，这些物种群之间的关系及其进化史尚不清楚。在这里，我们提出了埃塞俄比亚Trechina的第一个分子系统发育分析，检测了Trechus sensu lato下的几个同义词，并向该国的动物群引入了两个新的物种群:单型属Baehria Schmidt &Faille, gen. 11 .，与模式种B. separata sp. 11 .(来自埃塞俄比亚北部的mount . Choke)和Trechus亚属Abunetrechus Schmidt &;罗缎,subgen。11月，与模式种T. bipartitus Raffray, 1885;这个亚属包括埃塞俄比亚北部的三个种。我们表明埃塞俄比亚动物群的组成是基于多个移民事件，这些事件与裂谷北部和南部的渐新世-早中新世造山事件同时开始或之后数百万年。我们的研究结果支持埃塞俄比亚高原动物进化的栖息地岛假说。我们没有发现任何证据支持另一种假设，即特雷奇纳移民到埃塞俄比亚与更新世冷却有密切联系。因此，我们得出结论，地貌发展而不是气候变化是埃塞俄比亚高海拔Trechina动物群多样化的主要驱动因素。
{"title":"Explosive radiation versus old relicts: The complex history of Ethiopian Trechina, with description of a new genus and a new subgenus (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Trechini)","authors":"Arnaud Faille, Sylvia Hofmann, Yeshitla Merene, David Hauth, Lars Opgenoorth, Yitbarek Woldehawariat, Joachim Schmidt","doi":"10.3897/dez.70.107425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.107425","url":null,"abstract":"The trechine beetle fauna (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of the Ethiopian Highlands is known to be highly diverse in species, and many species groups were recognized to be characterized by unusual character states of external and genital morphology. Earlier authors described several genera and subgenera of Ethiopian Trechina endemic to certain high mountains of the country. However, the relationships of these species groups and their evolutionary history are unknown so far. Here, we present the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of Ethiopian Trechina, detect several synonymic names under Trechus sensu lato, and introduce two new species groups to the country’s fauna: the monotypic genus Baehria Schmidt & Faille, gen. nov. , with the type species B. separata sp. nov. from Mt. Choke in northern Ethiopia, and the Trechus subgenus Abunetrechus Schmidt & Faille, subgen. nov. , with the type species T. bipartitus Raffray, 1885; this subgenus includes three species of northern Ethiopia. We show that the composition of the Ethiopian fauna is based on multiple events of immigration, which started simultaneously with or some million years after the Oligocene-Early Miocene orogenic events north and south of the Rift Valley. Our results support the habitat island hypothesis for the evolution of the Ethiopian highland fauna. We found no evidence for an alternative hypothesis assuming a close connection of the Trechina immigration to Ethiopia and Pleistocene cooling. We, thus, conclude that the geomorphological development rather than the climatic changes are the main drivers of the diversification of the high-altitude Trechina fauna in Ethiopia.","PeriodicalId":50592,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135535348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Pterostichus macrogenys species group is an endemic subterranean Japanese carabid clade that provides intriguing material for studying morphological differentiation, speciation and interspecific relationships. However, its diversity remains not fully explored. We investigated specimens from northern Tohoku District, an area where knowledge of this species group is notably limited. Our research led to the description of three new species: P. namahagesp. nov., P. kamurosanussp. nov. and P. atsumidakensissp. nov. We also updated distribution records for three known species: P. asahinus Habu & Baba, 1960; P. kitakamisanus Sasakawa, 2005; and P. chokaisanus Sasakawa, 2009. This report includes both the expanded distribution ranges of the known species and the discovery of a new sympatric species pair (P. chokaisanus and P. asahinus). We conducted a morphological phylogenetic analysis of all but one species, for which no male specimens were available, accounting for a total of 42 species within the group. The resulting phylogenetic tree implies that the initial differentiation of this species group originated on the Sea of Japan side, in the northern part of their current distribution, followed by dispersion to other areas and subsequent differentiation. Additionally, our findings indicate that sympatric species of varying body sizes are distantly related phylogenetically. These insights into the differentiation process align with regional distribution patterns of species-level diversity and sympatric sites.
{"title":"A morphology-based revision and phylogenetic analysis of the Pterostichus macrogenys species group (Coleoptera, Carabidae) and implications for differentiation of the species group","authors":"K. Sasakawa, Yoshiji Mitsuduka","doi":"10.3897/dez.70.107322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.107322","url":null,"abstract":"The Pterostichus macrogenys species group is an endemic subterranean Japanese carabid clade that provides intriguing material for studying morphological differentiation, speciation and interspecific relationships. However, its diversity remains not fully explored. We investigated specimens from northern Tohoku District, an area where knowledge of this species group is notably limited. Our research led to the description of three new species: P. namahagesp. nov., P. kamurosanussp. nov. and P. atsumidakensissp. nov. We also updated distribution records for three known species: P. asahinus Habu & Baba, 1960; P. kitakamisanus Sasakawa, 2005; and P. chokaisanus Sasakawa, 2009. This report includes both the expanded distribution ranges of the known species and the discovery of a new sympatric species pair (P. chokaisanus and P. asahinus). We conducted a morphological phylogenetic analysis of all but one species, for which no male specimens were available, accounting for a total of 42 species within the group. The resulting phylogenetic tree implies that the initial differentiation of this species group originated on the Sea of Japan side, in the northern part of their current distribution, followed by dispersion to other areas and subsequent differentiation. Additionally, our findings indicate that sympatric species of varying body sizes are distantly related phylogenetically. These insights into the differentiation process align with regional distribution patterns of species-level diversity and sympatric sites.","PeriodicalId":50592,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41820489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The scorpionfly genus Sinopanorpa Cai & Hua, 2008 is endemic to the mountain regions of central China, currently consisting of four species: Sinopanorpa tincta (Navás, 1931), S. digitiformis Huang & Hua, 2008, S. nangongshana Cai & Hua, 2008, and S. baokangensis Wang, 2021. Here, the genus is taxonomically reviewed, with descriptions of two new species: Sinopanorpa minshanicolasp. nov. from the Minshan Mountains and Sinopanorpa shennongjiaicasp. nov. from the Shennongjia Mountains, increasing the species number of the genus to six. An updated key to species of Sinopanorpa is provided.
{"title":"Taxonomic review of the genus Sinopanorpa Cai & Hua, 2008 (Mecoptera, Panorpidae) with descriptions of two new species","authors":"Y. Hua, K. Gao, L. Xing","doi":"10.3897/dez.70.104621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.104621","url":null,"abstract":"The scorpionfly genus Sinopanorpa Cai & Hua, 2008 is endemic to the mountain regions of central China, currently consisting of four species: Sinopanorpa tincta (Navás, 1931), S. digitiformis Huang & Hua, 2008, S. nangongshana Cai & Hua, 2008, and S. baokangensis Wang, 2021. Here, the genus is taxonomically reviewed, with descriptions of two new species: Sinopanorpa minshanicolasp. nov. from the Minshan Mountains and Sinopanorpa shennongjiaicasp. nov. from the Shennongjia Mountains, increasing the species number of the genus to six. An updated key to species of Sinopanorpa is provided.","PeriodicalId":50592,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41846706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Females of the uncommon Antheraea compta Rothschild, 1899 were collected at the natural habitat in the Tibetan Sub-Himalayas, descendants of which were reared on Quercus yunnanensis (Fagaceae) successfully, with all the preimaginal instars recorded morphologically. Correlated characters revealed a close relationship between this taxon and New World Antheraea spp., suggesting more attention and protection towards this key species is necessary in the future.
{"title":"An “American” silkmoth endemic to Himalayas, part I: life history and natural distribution of Antheraea compta Rothschild, 1899 (Lepidoptera, Saturniidae)","authors":"Zhengya Liu","doi":"10.3897/dez.70.102952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.102952","url":null,"abstract":"Females of the uncommon Antheraea compta Rothschild, 1899 were collected at the natural habitat in the Tibetan Sub-Himalayas, descendants of which were reared on Quercus yunnanensis (Fagaceae) successfully, with all the preimaginal instars recorded morphologically. Correlated characters revealed a close relationship between this taxon and New World Antheraea spp., suggesting more attention and protection towards this key species is necessary in the future.","PeriodicalId":50592,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41248744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
C. Hemp, F. Montealegre-Z, Charlie Woodrow, K. Heller
This study focuses on the genus Dioncomena and its acoustics, particularly the unique songs produced by male Dioncomena that consist of several distinct elements in a fixed sequence, culminating in a coda that typically elicits a response from a receptive female. We also examine the inflated pronotal lobes, which we term prebullae, that are prominently developed in some Dioncomena species but not in others. We discuss the role of prebullae in the context of acoustic communication in Dioncomena and other related Phaneropterini genera that have similar lateral pronotal lobes. We found that prebullae size is correlated with habitat distribution, with larger prebullae occurring in isolated species while aggregation-prone species have smaller or less pronounced prebullae. Using micro-computer tomography we show sexual dimorphism in the 3D geometry of the acoustic tracheae, being larger in the male. Interestingly, the tracheae are coupled by a septum, like in field crickets, which suggests potential cross talk. We define three groups of Dioncomena based on altitude preferences, ecology, color patterns, and songs: the jagoi-, tanneri-, and ornata-groups. We describe the songs of several species, including newly identified species such as D. flavoviridissp. nov., D. magomberasp. nov., D. ngurumontanasp. nov., D. sanjesp. nov., D. tanneri, D. versicolorsp. nov., and D. zernyi. We also provide information on the nymphs, development time, and mating behavior of various species reared in the laboratory, shedding light on their phenology and adaptations to their habitats.
{"title":"Bush-crickets with very special ears and songs – review of the East African Phaneropterinae genus Dioncomena Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878, with notes on its biogeography and the description of new species","authors":"C. Hemp, F. Montealegre-Z, Charlie Woodrow, K. Heller","doi":"10.3897/dez.70.100804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.100804","url":null,"abstract":"This study focuses on the genus Dioncomena and its acoustics, particularly the unique songs produced by male Dioncomena that consist of several distinct elements in a fixed sequence, culminating in a coda that typically elicits a response from a receptive female. We also examine the inflated pronotal lobes, which we term prebullae, that are prominently developed in some Dioncomena species but not in others. We discuss the role of prebullae in the context of acoustic communication in Dioncomena and other related Phaneropterini genera that have similar lateral pronotal lobes. We found that prebullae size is correlated with habitat distribution, with larger prebullae occurring in isolated species while aggregation-prone species have smaller or less pronounced prebullae. Using micro-computer tomography we show sexual dimorphism in the 3D geometry of the acoustic tracheae, being larger in the male. Interestingly, the tracheae are coupled by a septum, like in field crickets, which suggests potential cross talk.\u0000 We define three groups of Dioncomena based on altitude preferences, ecology, color patterns, and songs: the jagoi-, tanneri-, and ornata-groups. We describe the songs of several species, including newly identified species such as D. flavoviridissp. nov., D. magomberasp. nov., D. ngurumontanasp. nov., D. sanjesp. nov., D. tanneri, D. versicolorsp. nov., and D. zernyi. We also provide information on the nymphs, development time, and mating behavior of various species reared in the laboratory, shedding light on their phenology and adaptations to their habitats.","PeriodicalId":50592,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45721519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Change of Editor-in-Chief","authors":"M. Seidel, D. Zimmermann","doi":"10.3897/dez.70.107541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.107541","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":50592,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43110448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Mediterranean region representsone of the hotspots of biodiversity of many organisms and among these also of Raphidioptera. With about 250 known species world-wide Raphidioptera is the smallest order of extant holometabolous insects. The Mediterranean region harbors 113 species (= >45% of the world fauna), and of these 33 (= >13% of the world fauna) have been found on islands of the Mediterranean Sea. In the course of the past 50 years most of the larger islands have been intensively explored for Raphidioptera, particularly all islands (except the Baleares) which had no connection to the mainland throughout the whole Pleistocene. Altogether, 11 species of Raphidioptera (9 Raphidiidae, 2 Inocelliidae) are endemic to (usually)one, rarely to a few Mediterranean islands: Phaeostigma (Ph.) euboica (Euboea), Ph. (Aegeoraphidia) prophetica (Rhodes), Ph. (Ae.) karpathana (Karpathos), Ph. (Ae.) biroi (Crete), Ph. (Superboraphidia) minois (Crete), Subilla principiae (Sardinia), S. colossea (Rhodes), Raphidia (R.) peterressli (Chios), R. (R.) ariadne (Crete), Fibla (F.) maclachlani (Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily), F. (Reisserella) pasiphae (Crete). In the Aegean Sea there is a remarkable difference between the eastern and the western islands marked by the so-called Rechinger line based on results of the analysis of the flora. The Raphidioptera confirm this line impressively. It is rather unlikely that further Raphidioptera species endemic to Mediterranean islands are still to be detected – with one exception: the Baleares. A few additional species known from various parts of the continents surrounding the Mediterranean Sea will probably be found on islands so that a total number may be around 40, possibly around 45 species. The possible ways and times of colonization of the islands by Raphidioptera are discussed. The present paper may serve as a basis for studies on natural and particularly on anthropogenic dispersals of snakeflies from island to island, from mainland to islands, and from islands to the mainland in connection with phylogeographic investigations.
{"title":"The snakeflies of the Mediterranean islands: review and biogeographical analysis (Neuropterida, Raphidioptera)","authors":"H. Aspöck, U. Aspöck","doi":"10.3897/dez.70.101559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/dez.70.101559","url":null,"abstract":"The Mediterranean region representsone of the hotspots of biodiversity of many organisms and among these also of Raphidioptera. With about 250 known species world-wide Raphidioptera is the smallest order of extant holometabolous insects.\u0000 The Mediterranean region harbors 113 species (= >45% of the world fauna), and of these 33 (= >13% of the world fauna) have been found on islands of the Mediterranean Sea. In the course of the past 50 years most of the larger islands have been intensively explored for Raphidioptera, particularly all islands (except the Baleares) which had no connection to the mainland throughout the whole Pleistocene. Altogether, 11 species of Raphidioptera (9 Raphidiidae, 2 Inocelliidae) are endemic to (usually)one, rarely to a few Mediterranean islands:\u0000 Phaeostigma (Ph.) euboica (Euboea), Ph. (Aegeoraphidia) prophetica (Rhodes), Ph. (Ae.) karpathana (Karpathos), Ph. (Ae.) biroi (Crete), Ph. (Superboraphidia) minois (Crete), Subilla principiae (Sardinia), S. colossea (Rhodes), Raphidia (R.) peterressli (Chios), R. (R.) ariadne (Crete), Fibla (F.) maclachlani (Corsica, Sardinia, Sicily), F. (Reisserella) pasiphae (Crete).\u0000 In the Aegean Sea there is a remarkable difference between the eastern and the western islands marked by the so-called Rechinger line based on results of the analysis of the flora. The Raphidioptera confirm this line impressively.\u0000 It is rather unlikely that further Raphidioptera species endemic to Mediterranean islands are still to be detected – with one exception: the Baleares. A few additional species known from various parts of the continents surrounding the Mediterranean Sea will probably be found on islands so that a total number may be around 40, possibly around 45 species.\u0000 The possible ways and times of colonization of the islands by Raphidioptera are discussed. The present paper may serve as a basis for studies on natural and particularly on anthropogenic dispersals of snakeflies from island to island, from mainland to islands, and from islands to the mainland in connection with phylogeographic investigations.","PeriodicalId":50592,"journal":{"name":"Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2023-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43419115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jing Zhang, Q. Cong, Leina Song, Jinhui Shen, T. Léger, G. Lamas, O. Mielke, N. Grishin
Comparing specimens curated in MfN as primary types of Hesperiidae names proposed by Carl Plötz with the original descriptions and unpublished drawings reveals a number of inconsistencies that we address. Lectotypes are designated for Telegonus labriaris Butler, 1877, Eudamus jalapus Plötz, 1881, and Apaustus interpunctata Plötz, 1884. Neotypes are designated for Netrocoryne seneca Plötz, 1882 and Hesperia irma Plötz, 1882. Hesperia ulphila Plötz, 1883 is treated as a nomen dubium. As a result of these designations, the following are junior objective synonyms: Netrocoryne seneca Plötz, 1882 of Telegonus labriaris Butler, 1877 and Hesperia irma Plötz, 1882 of Pamphila irma Möschler, 1879, the latter two names being homonyms. In all these instances, the original descriptions are satisfied, and, except for A. interpunctata, the current application of these names is unaffected. Taxonomically, Callimormus diaeses Schaus, 1902, stat. rest. is a valid species, not a synonym of A. interpunctata, which is a junior subjective synonym of Eutocus vetulus (Mabille, 1883).
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