Yangyang Xing, Liping Zhang, Mingyang Xue, Wei Liu, Nan Jiang, Yiqun Li, Jianwu Chen, Yuding Fan, Yong Zhou, Yan Meng
β-sitosterol, as the most abundant phytosterol, has been shown to exert multiple biological roles in in vitro and in vivo animal studies. Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is an economical freshwater-farmed species widely cultivated in China due to its nutritious and delicious meat. This study investigated the effects of dietary β-sitosterol supplementation on largemouth bass farming. In the study, largemouth bass were fed with five levels of β-sitosterol (0, 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg) supplementation in a commercial feed for four weeks. The growth performance, antioxidant ability, intestinal structure, immune-related gene expression, and resistance to pathogens such as Aeromonas hydrophila and largemouth bass virus (LMBRaV) were detected. The results revealed that β-sitosterol supplementation in feed increased the weight gain rate of largemouth bass, with 40 mg/kg supplementation displaying the best effect. The serum biochemical indices all showed an increase, including glucose and alkaline phosphatase. The intestinal villus length and muscularis propria thickness also increased, accompanied by elevated digestive enzyme activities, which promoted digestion and absorption of nutrients. Meanwhile, the levels of total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase in serum decreased, indicating reduced liver damage. In addition, β-sitosterol supplementation effectively enhanced the antioxidant capacity of largemouth bass by decreasing malondialdehyde and elevating superoxide dismutase. Immune-related gene expression also changed. Pathogen infection tests revealed that β-sitosterol supplementation in feed had a certain protective effect against infection in largemouth bass, with the protection rate against A. hydrophila being higher than LMBRaV. The 40 mg/kg β-sitosterol supplementation group exhibited the best results. Collectively, the results revealed that the β-sitosterol can promote growth, improve enzyme activity, stimulate intestinal digestion, increase immune gene expression, and induce disease resistance in largemouth bass, with the optimal supplementation dosage being 40 mg/kg. β-sitosterol might be an excellent feed additive in aquaculture.
{"title":"Effects of dietary β-sitosterol supplementation on growth performance, antioxidant ability, and disease resistance in largemouth bass Micropterus salmoides","authors":"Yangyang Xing, Liping Zhang, Mingyang Xue, Wei Liu, Nan Jiang, Yiqun Li, Jianwu Chen, Yuding Fan, Yong Zhou, Yan Meng","doi":"10.46989/001c.117345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.117345","url":null,"abstract":"β-sitosterol, as the most abundant phytosterol, has been shown to exert multiple biological roles in in vitro and in vivo animal studies. Largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) is an economical freshwater-farmed species widely cultivated in China due to its nutritious and delicious meat. This study investigated the effects of dietary β-sitosterol supplementation on largemouth bass farming. In the study, largemouth bass were fed with five levels of β-sitosterol (0, 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg) supplementation in a commercial feed for four weeks. The growth performance, antioxidant ability, intestinal structure, immune-related gene expression, and resistance to pathogens such as Aeromonas hydrophila and largemouth bass virus (LMBRaV) were detected. The results revealed that β-sitosterol supplementation in feed increased the weight gain rate of largemouth bass, with 40 mg/kg supplementation displaying the best effect. The serum biochemical indices all showed an increase, including glucose and alkaline phosphatase. The intestinal villus length and muscularis propria thickness also increased, accompanied by elevated digestive enzyme activities, which promoted digestion and absorption of nutrients. Meanwhile, the levels of total cholesterol, aspartate aminotransferase, and alanine aminotransferase in serum decreased, indicating reduced liver damage. In addition, β-sitosterol supplementation effectively enhanced the antioxidant capacity of largemouth bass by decreasing malondialdehyde and elevating superoxide dismutase. Immune-related gene expression also changed. Pathogen infection tests revealed that β-sitosterol supplementation in feed had a certain protective effect against infection in largemouth bass, with the protection rate against A. hydrophila being higher than LMBRaV. The 40 mg/kg β-sitosterol supplementation group exhibited the best results. Collectively, the results revealed that the β-sitosterol can promote growth, improve enzyme activity, stimulate intestinal digestion, increase immune gene expression, and induce disease resistance in largemouth bass, with the optimal supplementation dosage being 40 mg/kg. β-sitosterol might be an excellent feed additive in aquaculture.","PeriodicalId":506439,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh","volume":"63 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140984971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Scombridae is a family of pelagic marine fishes that comprises 16 genera and 51 species. This family has been of significant commercial importance throughout history; however, the phylogenetic relationships within the Scombridae have been disputed due to the unclear taxonomic boundaries of the suborder Scombroidei, which includes six families, including Scombridae. Despite this, only a limited number of studies have been conducted on the Scombridae. In our study, eight species covering five genera of the Scombridae were selected, and one nuclear (ITS) and three mitochondrial DNA markers (CO1, Cytb, and D-loop) were used to amplify gene fragments. Additionally, we included homologous sequences from other Scombridae fishes obtained from GenBank. Our analysis constructed phylogenetic relationships of 48 Scombridae species in 14 genera. The results demonstrated that the three phylogenetic trees (NJ, ML, and BI) exhibited similar topologies, containing three major clades. One major clade indicated that Grammatorcynus bilineatus and Grammatorcynus bicarinatus did not cluster with other species in the Scombridae; another clade comprised the genera Scomber and Rastrelliger; the third clade consists of the remaining Scombridae species. Notably, the study showed that Gasterochismatinae and Scombrinae were not sister groups; Allothunnus (tribe Thunnini) and Cybiosarda (tribe Sardini) clustered into a clade, suggesting that Sardini and Thunnini were non-monophyletic. Overall, this research enhances the understanding of phylogenetic relationships within the Scombridae and provides basic information to aid further research.
{"title":"Phylogenetic relationships analysis of the family Scombridae (Actinopterygii, Scombriformes)","authors":"Xinru Zeng, Mengyao Cui, Haoyu Yu, Xiaoyuan Pan, Pingzhong Zheng, F. Wei","doi":"10.46989/001c.94824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.94824","url":null,"abstract":"Scombridae is a family of pelagic marine fishes that comprises 16 genera and 51 species. This family has been of significant commercial importance throughout history; however, the phylogenetic relationships within the Scombridae have been disputed due to the unclear taxonomic boundaries of the suborder Scombroidei, which includes six families, including Scombridae. Despite this, only a limited number of studies have been conducted on the Scombridae. In our study, eight species covering five genera of the Scombridae were selected, and one nuclear (ITS) and three mitochondrial DNA markers (CO1, Cytb, and D-loop) were used to amplify gene fragments. Additionally, we included homologous sequences from other Scombridae fishes obtained from GenBank. Our analysis constructed phylogenetic relationships of 48 Scombridae species in 14 genera. The results demonstrated that the three phylogenetic trees (NJ, ML, and BI) exhibited similar topologies, containing three major clades. One major clade indicated that Grammatorcynus bilineatus and Grammatorcynus bicarinatus did not cluster with other species in the Scombridae; another clade comprised the genera Scomber and Rastrelliger; the third clade consists of the remaining Scombridae species. Notably, the study showed that Gasterochismatinae and Scombrinae were not sister groups; Allothunnus (tribe Thunnini) and Cybiosarda (tribe Sardini) clustered into a clade, suggesting that Sardini and Thunnini were non-monophyletic. Overall, this research enhances the understanding of phylogenetic relationships within the Scombridae and provides basic information to aid further research.","PeriodicalId":506439,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140997149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cai-Yun Li, Xiao-Ai Li, Li Li, Yi-Chun Lou, Cheng-Song Yu, Hui-Ping Xu, Tao Xu
Disease prevention and control are a crucial aspect of fishery management, as they ensure the sustainability of aquacultural systems. With a specific focus on Shandong Province, China, this study outlines the occurrence of diseases in aquatic organisms. It summarizes dynamics that drive disease prevention and control and supports technology, work mode, and emergency prevention and control. In addition, this study also delves into the role of epidemic prevention and control institutions, the upgrading of the social service of disease prevention systems, and insufficient technical support for new species and models. Overall, the findings outlined in this study are intended to achieve the following aims: enhance organizational management of disease prevention and control, standardize the implementation of social services, improve research into prevention and control technologies, and highlight the importance of information technology in disease prevention and control. Based on practical aquaculture production, our aim is to comprehensively analyze the situation of the construction of a disease prevention and control system, strengthen guidance on epidemic prevention technologies, establish a robust animal epidemic prevention system, and propose development strategies, serving as a reference for competent authorities to enhance the disease prevention and control of aquatic organisms.
{"title":"Construction and reflections on the disease prevention and control system of aquatic organisms based on management perspective","authors":"Cai-Yun Li, Xiao-Ai Li, Li Li, Yi-Chun Lou, Cheng-Song Yu, Hui-Ping Xu, Tao Xu","doi":"10.46989/001c.116173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.116173","url":null,"abstract":"Disease prevention and control are a crucial aspect of fishery management, as they ensure the sustainability of aquacultural systems. With a specific focus on Shandong Province, China, this study outlines the occurrence of diseases in aquatic organisms. It summarizes dynamics that drive disease prevention and control and supports technology, work mode, and emergency prevention and control. In addition, this study also delves into the role of epidemic prevention and control institutions, the upgrading of the social service of disease prevention systems, and insufficient technical support for new species and models. Overall, the findings outlined in this study are intended to achieve the following aims: enhance organizational management of disease prevention and control, standardize the implementation of social services, improve research into prevention and control technologies, and highlight the importance of information technology in disease prevention and control. Based on practical aquaculture production, our aim is to comprehensively analyze the situation of the construction of a disease prevention and control system, strengthen guidance on epidemic prevention technologies, establish a robust animal epidemic prevention system, and propose development strategies, serving as a reference for competent authorities to enhance the disease prevention and control of aquatic organisms.","PeriodicalId":506439,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141011130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zihan Chen, Yue Wu, Yan Cai, Xin Chen, Yongcai Zhou, Zhenjie Cao, Jianlong Li, Shifeng Wang
This study examined the impact of varying doses of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) supplementation on antioxidant defense, non-specific immunity, resistance to typhoon stress, and resistance to disease in Trachinotus ovatus. Fish groups C, M1, M2, and M3 were fed 1%, 0.3%, 0.6%, and 1% MOS-supplemented feed, respectively. On the 28th and 56th day of the feeding trial, samples from all groups were taken to measure the antioxidant and non-specific immunity parameters and challenged with Vibrio harvey. On the 32nd day, a typhoon hit the experimental site, and the survival rates of all groups were calculated. Results showed that on the 28th day, groups M2 and M3 showed considerably higher levels of antioxidant abilities (T-AOC), and groups M1 and M2 showed significantly enhanced non-specific immunity (AKP, LZM, and TP) levels than those of group C (p < 0.05). All MOS groups had significantly lower cumulative mortality following the challenge test and typhoon stress than the control group (p < 0.05). On the 56th day, groups M2 and M3 showed significantly enhanced antioxidant ability (CAT) compared to the control group. Only one non-specific immunity parameter increased significantly in groups M2 and M3 (p < 0.05). After the challenge test, only group M3 exhibited a significantly declined cumulative mortality rate compared to the control groups (p < 0.05). In summary, supplementation of MOS at dose 0.6% (M2) for 28 days showed the best overall improving effects on the antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity, disease resistance, and typhoon stress resistance in T. ovatus juveniles.
{"title":"Mannan oligosaccharide improves antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity and protection against Vibrio disease and Typhoon stress in Trachinotus ovatus juveniles","authors":"Zihan Chen, Yue Wu, Yan Cai, Xin Chen, Yongcai Zhou, Zhenjie Cao, Jianlong Li, Shifeng Wang","doi":"10.46989/001c.117128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.117128","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the impact of varying doses of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) supplementation on antioxidant defense, non-specific immunity, resistance to typhoon stress, and resistance to disease in Trachinotus ovatus. Fish groups C, M1, M2, and M3 were fed 1%, 0.3%, 0.6%, and 1% MOS-supplemented feed, respectively. On the 28th and 56th day of the feeding trial, samples from all groups were taken to measure the antioxidant and non-specific immunity parameters and challenged with Vibrio harvey. On the 32nd day, a typhoon hit the experimental site, and the survival rates of all groups were calculated. Results showed that on the 28th day, groups M2 and M3 showed considerably higher levels of antioxidant abilities (T-AOC), and groups M1 and M2 showed significantly enhanced non-specific immunity (AKP, LZM, and TP) levels than those of group C (p < 0.05). All MOS groups had significantly lower cumulative mortality following the challenge test and typhoon stress than the control group (p < 0.05). On the 56th day, groups M2 and M3 showed significantly enhanced antioxidant ability (CAT) compared to the control group. Only one non-specific immunity parameter increased significantly in groups M2 and M3 (p < 0.05). After the challenge test, only group M3 exhibited a significantly declined cumulative mortality rate compared to the control groups (p < 0.05). In summary, supplementation of MOS at dose 0.6% (M2) for 28 days showed the best overall improving effects on the antioxidant capacity, non-specific immunity, disease resistance, and typhoon stress resistance in T. ovatus juveniles.","PeriodicalId":506439,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh","volume":"345 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141006940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At a particular aquaculture facility in Zhangjiajie in China, the Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) exhibited analogous clinical manifestations, culminating in sequential mortalities. This study used rigorous aseptic sampling methods to isolate bacteria from the affected liver of salamanders to determine the causative agent behind the decline in amphibians. A bacterial pathogen was isolated from diseased A. davidianus, and the strain was named DN-3. This isolate was subjected to bacterial identification, antibiotic susceptibility assays, reinfection experiments, and biochemical profiling. The isolated bacterial strain was definitively identified as Acinetobacter schindleri using 16S rRNA sequence analysis and biochemical identification. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that this isolate was susceptible to neomycin, macrolides, doxycycline, piperacillin, nitrofurantoin, and carbenicillin. Subsequent reinfection assays, in which varying concentrations of the bacterial inoculum were administered to healthy salamanders, confirmed that the pathogen elicited varying degrees of morbidity or mortality within an eight-day observation period. The median lethal dose (LD50) of A. schindleri DN-3 for A. davidianus was calculated to be 6.25×104 CFU/mL. This result supports the significant pathogenicity of the strain for A. davidianus. The findings of this study provide empirical insights into the clinical management and epidemiological control of diseases affecting A. davidianus.
{"title":"Identification of Acinetobacter schindleri isolated from Chinese giant salamanders (Andrias davidianus)","authors":"Cheng Wang, Yixing Xie, Zhiyong Deng, Huanyan Yuan, Mingzhu Tian, Pan Mao, Yong Zhou, Ying Wei","doi":"10.46989/001c.116476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.116476","url":null,"abstract":"At a particular aquaculture facility in Zhangjiajie in China, the Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) exhibited analogous clinical manifestations, culminating in sequential mortalities. This study used rigorous aseptic sampling methods to isolate bacteria from the affected liver of salamanders to determine the causative agent behind the decline in amphibians. A bacterial pathogen was isolated from diseased A. davidianus, and the strain was named DN-3. This isolate was subjected to bacterial identification, antibiotic susceptibility assays, reinfection experiments, and biochemical profiling. The isolated bacterial strain was definitively identified as Acinetobacter schindleri using 16S rRNA sequence analysis and biochemical identification. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed that this isolate was susceptible to neomycin, macrolides, doxycycline, piperacillin, nitrofurantoin, and carbenicillin. Subsequent reinfection assays, in which varying concentrations of the bacterial inoculum were administered to healthy salamanders, confirmed that the pathogen elicited varying degrees of morbidity or mortality within an eight-day observation period. The median lethal dose (LD50) of A. schindleri DN-3 for A. davidianus was calculated to be 6.25×104 CFU/mL. This result supports the significant pathogenicity of the strain for A. davidianus. The findings of this study provide empirical insights into the clinical management and epidemiological control of diseases affecting A. davidianus.","PeriodicalId":506439,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh","volume":"99 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141016003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maoyuan Zhou, Zongzhang Li, Jiahao Xu, Liu Pu, Anxiang Wen
In this experiment, brewer’s yeast was used to replace part of the fish meal in the feed to formulate a high-fat and low-protein feed for Taiwan loach. The effects of brewer’s yeast on the growth performance, muscle quality, hepatopancreas and pancreas carnitine content, intestinal flora, immunity, and antioxidant ability of Taiwan loach were preliminarily investigated. In experiment 1, 600 Taiwan loaches were randomly divided into 4 groups, and 1% (group A), 4% (group B), 8% (group C), and 12% (group D) of brewer’s yeast was substituted for an equal amount of fishmeal in the basal diets. The loaches in each group were fed for 60 d. In experiment 2, 60 Taiwan loaches were selected and randomly divided into a control group (Group E) and a test group (Group F). The loaches were fed the basal diet and the high-fat and low-protein diet supplemented with 8% fishmeal, replaced by brewer’s yeast. The experiment lasted for 60 days, and the growth performance, hepatopancreas carnitine content, muscle quality, intestinal flora, plasma antioxidant, and immune capacity indices of loaches in each group were determined. The results were as follows: the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly higher in group C than those in groups A, B, and D (P < 0.05); the intestinal length ratio, muscle hardness, hepatopancreatic carnitine content, plasma superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, total antioxidant capacity, and lysozyme activity were significantly greater in group F than those in group E (P < 0.05); the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts in Group F were considerably higher than those in Group E (P < 0.05), and the Salmonella counts in Group F was significantly lower than that in Group E (P < 0.05); the survival rate, weight gain rate, bait coefficient, muscle crude protein, crude fat, viscosity, elasticity, cohesion, chewability, and restorative capacity were not significantly different between Group F and Group E (P > 0.05). The above results showed that adding 8% brewer’s yeast to feed Taiwan loach instead of fish meal could enhance its hepatopancreatic carnitine synthesis, optimize the intestinal flora, improve the body’s immune and antioxidant ability, and have a certain promotional effect on the intestinal development and muscle quality improvement.
{"title":"A Preliminary Study on the Effect of Replacing Part of Fishmeal by Brewer’s Yeast in Feeding Taiwan Loach","authors":"Maoyuan Zhou, Zongzhang Li, Jiahao Xu, Liu Pu, Anxiang Wen","doi":"10.46989/001c.115469","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.115469","url":null,"abstract":"In this experiment, brewer’s yeast was used to replace part of the fish meal in the feed to formulate a high-fat and low-protein feed for Taiwan loach. The effects of brewer’s yeast on the growth performance, muscle quality, hepatopancreas and pancreas carnitine content, intestinal flora, immunity, and antioxidant ability of Taiwan loach were preliminarily investigated. In experiment 1, 600 Taiwan loaches were randomly divided into 4 groups, and 1% (group A), 4% (group B), 8% (group C), and 12% (group D) of brewer’s yeast was substituted for an equal amount of fishmeal in the basal diets. The loaches in each group were fed for 60 d. In experiment 2, 60 Taiwan loaches were selected and randomly divided into a control group (Group E) and a test group (Group F). The loaches were fed the basal diet and the high-fat and low-protein diet supplemented with 8% fishmeal, replaced by brewer’s yeast. The experiment lasted for 60 days, and the growth performance, hepatopancreas carnitine content, muscle quality, intestinal flora, plasma antioxidant, and immune capacity indices of loaches in each group were determined. The results were as follows: the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly higher in group C than those in groups A, B, and D (P < 0.05); the intestinal length ratio, muscle hardness, hepatopancreatic carnitine content, plasma superoxide dismutase activity, catalase activity, total antioxidant capacity, and lysozyme activity were significantly greater in group F than those in group E (P < 0.05); the Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium counts in Group F were considerably higher than those in Group E (P < 0.05), and the Salmonella counts in Group F was significantly lower than that in Group E (P < 0.05); the survival rate, weight gain rate, bait coefficient, muscle crude protein, crude fat, viscosity, elasticity, cohesion, chewability, and restorative capacity were not significantly different between Group F and Group E (P > 0.05). The above results showed that adding 8% brewer’s yeast to feed Taiwan loach instead of fish meal could enhance its hepatopancreatic carnitine synthesis, optimize the intestinal flora, improve the body’s immune and antioxidant ability, and have a certain promotional effect on the intestinal development and muscle quality improvement.","PeriodicalId":506439,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140728871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) like to eat aquatic plants. The intestinal microorganism plays an important role in cellulose degradation and utilization. Isolating bacteria which can degrade cellulose from the intestines of P. clarkii can provide a theoretical basis for the development of probiotics in forage for P. clarkii. Three selective media including carboxymethyl-cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, and cellobiose were used in plate cultures for 48h and then dyed with Congo red. It was found that 5 strains produced hydrolytic rings on 3 culture media at 48h. Based on the results of 16S rRNA molecular analysis, strains C, E, G, H, and M were identified as Citrobacter sp., Staphylococcus sp., Acinetobacter johnsonii, Shewanella sp., and Aeromonas caviae, respectively. Specifically, Staphylococcus sp. exhibited the strongest capacity for the degradation of cellulose. Shewanella sp. showed the strongest degradation capacity for cellobiose. Acinetobacter johnsonii and Shewanella sp. can degrade cellulose and are expected to be used as probiotic feed for P. clarkii. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the healthy culture of P. clarkii.
{"title":"Isolation and identification of intestinal cellulolytic bacteria from red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)","authors":"Liye Shao, Xiangyan Qiu, Jiaxun Li, Junming Chen, Ronghua Wang, Qing Han, Pinhong Yang","doi":"10.46989/001c.94733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.94733","url":null,"abstract":"Red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) like to eat aquatic plants. The intestinal microorganism plays an important role in cellulose degradation and utilization. Isolating bacteria which can degrade cellulose from the intestines of P. clarkii can provide a theoretical basis for the development of probiotics in forage for P. clarkii. Three selective media including carboxymethyl-cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, and cellobiose were used in plate cultures for 48h and then dyed with Congo red. It was found that 5 strains produced hydrolytic rings on 3 culture media at 48h. Based on the results of 16S rRNA molecular analysis, strains C, E, G, H, and M were identified as Citrobacter sp., Staphylococcus sp., Acinetobacter johnsonii, Shewanella sp., and Aeromonas caviae, respectively. Specifically, Staphylococcus sp. exhibited the strongest capacity for the degradation of cellulose. Shewanella sp. showed the strongest degradation capacity for cellobiose. Acinetobacter johnsonii and Shewanella sp. can degrade cellulose and are expected to be used as probiotic feed for P. clarkii. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the healthy culture of P. clarkii.","PeriodicalId":506439,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh","volume":"72 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140741678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yefei Zhang, Tao Li, Lu Zhang, Qin Hu, Zhangyong Liu, Jianqiang Zhu, Yi Chai, Jun R. Yang
The impact of global climate change has led to an increase in extreme rainfall events, causing fluctuations in terrigenic inputs that significantly affect aquatic communities. Lake Changhu, the third-largest freshwater lake in Hubei Province, plays a crucial role as a reservoir of aquatic germplasm resources in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In recent years, the lake has experienced a series of extreme rainfall events. In response to recent extreme rainfall events, a 42-day mesocosm experiment was conducted to understand the effect of terrigenic inputs on various aspects of phytoplankton in Lake Changhu, such as species composition, abundance, biomass, diversity, community turnover rates, resource use efficiency, and stability. The experiment involved the application of different terrigenic treatments, including a control group (CK, using lake water), low terrigenic input (LT), medium terrigenic input (MT), and high terrigenic input (HT). The results showed a noticeable shift in phytoplankton composition from a co-dominated state of Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria in the CK treatment to a Cyanobacteria-dominated state in the other terrigenic treatments. Furthermore, the terrigenic inputs increased phytoplankton abundance, community turnover rates, diversity, and resistance. Comparatively, the diversity index of phytoplankton increased by 82.61%, 73.83%, and 70.41% in the LT, MT, and HT treatments, respectively, in contrast to the CK treatment. However, phytoplankton abundance decreased by 6.99%, 15.55%, and 14.76% in the LT, MT, and HT treatments. Additionally, the resource use efficiency decreased by 1.94%, 5.16%, and 14.19% in the LT, MT, and HT treatments, respectively, compared to the CK treatment. These findings provide valuable insights into monitoring and managing the water ecology in Lake Changhu, offering a scientific basis for implementing effective management strategies.
受全球气候变化的影响，极端降雨事件增多，导致水土输入量波动，对水生生物群落产生了重大影响。长湖是湖北省第三大淡水湖，在长江中游水产种质资源库中发挥着重要作用。近年来，长湖经历了一系列极端降雨事件。为应对近期的极端降雨事件，研究人员开展了一项为期 42 天的中观宇宙实验，以了解陆源输入对长湖浮游植物各方面的影响，如物种组成、丰度、生物量、多样性、群落更替率、资源利用效率和稳定性等。实验采用了不同的增殖处理，包括对照组（CK，使用湖水）、低增殖投入（LT）、中增殖投入（MT）和高增殖投入（HT）。结果表明，浮游植物的组成发生了明显变化，从 CK 处理中的叶绿藻和蓝藻共存状态转变为其他增生处理中的蓝藻为主状态。此外，源性投入增加了浮游植物的丰度、群落周转率、多样性和抗性。与 CK 处理相比，LT、MT 和 HT 处理的浮游植物多样性指数分别增加了 82.61%、73.83% 和 70.41%。然而，浮游植物丰度在 LT、MT 和 HT 处理中分别下降了 6.99%、15.55% 和 14.76%。此外，与 CK 处理相比，LT、MT 和 HT 处理的资源利用效率分别降低了 1.94%、5.16% 和 14.19%。这些研究结果为监测和管理长湖水生态提供了宝贵的见解，为实施有效的管理策略提供了科学依据。
{"title":"Effects of extreme rainfall events on phytoplankton community in a subtropical eutrophic lake: a mesocosm experiment","authors":"Yefei Zhang, Tao Li, Lu Zhang, Qin Hu, Zhangyong Liu, Jianqiang Zhu, Yi Chai, Jun R. Yang","doi":"10.46989/001c.92652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.92652","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of global climate change has led to an increase in extreme rainfall events, causing fluctuations in terrigenic inputs that significantly affect aquatic communities. Lake Changhu, the third-largest freshwater lake in Hubei Province, plays a crucial role as a reservoir of aquatic germplasm resources in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. In recent years, the lake has experienced a series of extreme rainfall events. In response to recent extreme rainfall events, a 42-day mesocosm experiment was conducted to understand the effect of terrigenic inputs on various aspects of phytoplankton in Lake Changhu, such as species composition, abundance, biomass, diversity, community turnover rates, resource use efficiency, and stability. The experiment involved the application of different terrigenic treatments, including a control group (CK, using lake water), low terrigenic input (LT), medium terrigenic input (MT), and high terrigenic input (HT). The results showed a noticeable shift in phytoplankton composition from a co-dominated state of Chlorophyta and Cyanobacteria in the CK treatment to a Cyanobacteria-dominated state in the other terrigenic treatments. Furthermore, the terrigenic inputs increased phytoplankton abundance, community turnover rates, diversity, and resistance. Comparatively, the diversity index of phytoplankton increased by 82.61%, 73.83%, and 70.41% in the LT, MT, and HT treatments, respectively, in contrast to the CK treatment. However, phytoplankton abundance decreased by 6.99%, 15.55%, and 14.76% in the LT, MT, and HT treatments. Additionally, the resource use efficiency decreased by 1.94%, 5.16%, and 14.19% in the LT, MT, and HT treatments, respectively, compared to the CK treatment. These findings provide valuable insights into monitoring and managing the water ecology in Lake Changhu, offering a scientific basis for implementing effective management strategies.","PeriodicalId":506439,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh","volume":"47 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140248552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Song Jiang, Jieyi Wang, Wanli Yang, Dewei Kong, Qi-bin Yang, Jianhua Huang, Li-Shi Yang, Yundong Li, F. Zhou
Fifteen whole sib families of the second-generation Penaeus monodon were constructed using artificial mating design in 2020. After labeling the families with fluorescent markers, the growth traits and genetic parameters were evaluated in a cement pond for 56 days. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of growth traits was 11.52-47.53%, indicating a high genetic variation. The heritability range of growth traits of the G2 population of P. monodon was 0.25±0.03-0.41±0.13, which belonged to medium and high heritability, and the statistical test results were significant (P<0.01). The heritability of body length and body weight were 0.38±0.11 and 0.41±0.13, respectively. The evaluation results of genetic correlation among growth traits were highly positive, and the statistical test results were significant (P<0.01). The genetic correlation between body weight and body length was the highest (0.99), and the genetic correlation between the width of the first carapace and the height of the first abdominal segment was the lowest (0.71). The phenotypic correlation between body weight and body length was the highest (0.93), and the lowest was head breastplate width and first abdominal segment height (0.53). These results showed that the G2 generation population of P. monodon has high genetic improvement potential, and the combination of family selection and individual selection achieved better genetic gain. The growth traits were highly positively correlated. Body length and body weight could be selected as the key traits for fast growth line selection, while the other growth traits could be indirectly selected through positive genetic correlation.
{"title":"Evaluation of genetic parameters of growth traits in G2 selected generation of Penaeus monodon","authors":"Song Jiang, Jieyi Wang, Wanli Yang, Dewei Kong, Qi-bin Yang, Jianhua Huang, Li-Shi Yang, Yundong Li, F. Zhou","doi":"10.46989/001c.92136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.92136","url":null,"abstract":"Fifteen whole sib families of the second-generation Penaeus monodon were constructed using artificial mating design in 2020. After labeling the families with fluorescent markers, the growth traits and genetic parameters were evaluated in a cement pond for 56 days. The results showed that the coefficient of variation of growth traits was 11.52-47.53%, indicating a high genetic variation. The heritability range of growth traits of the G2 population of P. monodon was 0.25±0.03-0.41±0.13, which belonged to medium and high heritability, and the statistical test results were significant (P<0.01). The heritability of body length and body weight were 0.38±0.11 and 0.41±0.13, respectively. The evaluation results of genetic correlation among growth traits were highly positive, and the statistical test results were significant (P<0.01). The genetic correlation between body weight and body length was the highest (0.99), and the genetic correlation between the width of the first carapace and the height of the first abdominal segment was the lowest (0.71). The phenotypic correlation between body weight and body length was the highest (0.93), and the lowest was head breastplate width and first abdominal segment height (0.53). These results showed that the G2 generation population of P. monodon has high genetic improvement potential, and the combination of family selection and individual selection achieved better genetic gain. The growth traits were highly positively correlated. Body length and body weight could be selected as the key traits for fast growth line selection, while the other growth traits could be indirectly selected through positive genetic correlation.","PeriodicalId":506439,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh","volume":"17 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140252712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mengwei Zhang, Tao Yang, Yiqun Li, Mingyang Xue, Wenzhi Liu, Yan Meng, Chen Xu, Yuding Fan, Yongze Zhou, Nan Jiang
Largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBRaV) belongs to the Ranavirus genus of the Iridoviridae family. It is a highly pathogenic virus that causes mass mortality in largemouth bass. In recent years, outbreaks of LMBRaV have been found in various provinces throughout China. Previous research mainly focused on virus isolation, identification, and detection, while the morphological change of the virus was still unknown. In this study, the ultrastructural morphogenesis of LMBRaV in epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells was observed and studied by using transmission electron microscopy. EPC cells were infected with LMBRaV (MOI=0.1) and then examined at 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h post infection. LMBRaV entered cells through endocytosis or direct penetration of cell membrane. After entering, the virus was observed in vesicles or lysosomes. After capsid uncoating, the virus genomes passed through the nuclear membrane and entered the cell nucleus. Virus genomes completed replication in the nucleus then transferred into the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the progeny virus was assembled in the viromatrix and then aggregated in pseudocrystalline array. Finally, mature virus particles released through budding release from the cell membrane. Mature virus particles had a hexagonal shape and a diameter of approximately 150 nm. This study revealed the process of morphogenesis of LMBRaV in EPC cell line, providing essential information for further research on pathogenic mechanisms and immunological prevention of LMBRaV.
大口鲈鱼狂犬病毒（LMBRaV）属于虹彩病毒科狂犬病毒属。它是一种高致病性病毒，会导致大口鲈鱼大量死亡。近年来，LMBRaV病毒在中国多个省份爆发。以往的研究主要集中在病毒的分离、鉴定和检测方面，而对病毒的形态变化尚不清楚。本研究利用透射电子显微镜观察和研究了LMBRaV在上皮乳头状瘤细胞（EPC）中的超微结构形态发生。用 LMBRaV 感染 EPC 细胞（MOI=0.1），然后在感染后 2 h、4 h、6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h 和 96 h 进行检测。LMBRaV 通过内吞或直接穿透细胞膜进入细胞。病毒进入细胞后，在囊泡或溶酶体中观察到。病毒的基因组通过核膜进入细胞核。病毒基因组在细胞核中完成复制，然后转移到细胞质中。在细胞质中，后代病毒在病毒母体中组装，然后聚集成假晶体阵列。最后，成熟的病毒颗粒通过出芽从细胞膜释放出来。成熟病毒颗粒呈六角形，直径约为 150 nm。该研究揭示了LMBRaV在EPC细胞系中的形态发生过程，为进一步研究LMBRaV的致病机制和免疫学预防提供了重要信息。
{"title":"Morphogenesis of largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBRaV) in the epithelioma papulosum cyprinid cell line","authors":"Mengwei Zhang, Tao Yang, Yiqun Li, Mingyang Xue, Wenzhi Liu, Yan Meng, Chen Xu, Yuding Fan, Yongze Zhou, Nan Jiang","doi":"10.46989/001c.94623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46989/001c.94623","url":null,"abstract":"Largemouth bass ranavirus (LMBRaV) belongs to the Ranavirus genus of the Iridoviridae family. It is a highly pathogenic virus that causes mass mortality in largemouth bass. In recent years, outbreaks of LMBRaV have been found in various provinces throughout China. Previous research mainly focused on virus isolation, identification, and detection, while the morphological change of the virus was still unknown. In this study, the ultrastructural morphogenesis of LMBRaV in epithelioma papulosum cyprinid (EPC) cells was observed and studied by using transmission electron microscopy. EPC cells were infected with LMBRaV (MOI=0.1) and then examined at 2 h, 4 h, 6 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h and 96 h post infection. LMBRaV entered cells through endocytosis or direct penetration of cell membrane. After entering, the virus was observed in vesicles or lysosomes. After capsid uncoating, the virus genomes passed through the nuclear membrane and entered the cell nucleus. Virus genomes completed replication in the nucleus then transferred into the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, the progeny virus was assembled in the viromatrix and then aggregated in pseudocrystalline array. Finally, mature virus particles released through budding release from the cell membrane. Mature virus particles had a hexagonal shape and a diameter of approximately 150 nm. This study revealed the process of morphogenesis of LMBRaV in EPC cell line, providing essential information for further research on pathogenic mechanisms and immunological prevention of LMBRaV.","PeriodicalId":506439,"journal":{"name":"Israeli Journal of Aquaculture - Bamidgeh","volume":"235 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140256359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：