Over the years, web content has evolved from simple text and static images hosted on a single server to a complex, interactive and multimedia-rich content hosted on different servers. As a result, a modern website during its loading time fetches content not only from its owner's domain but also from a range of third-party domains providing additional functionalities and services. Here, we infer the network of the third-party domains by observing the domains' interactions within users' browsers from all over the globe. We find that this network possesses structural properties commonly found in complex networks, such as power-law degree distribution, strong clustering, and small-world property. These properties imply that a hyperbolic geometry underlies the ecosystem's topology. We use statistical inference methods to find the domains' coordinates in this geometry, which abstract how popular and similar the domains are. The hyperbolic map we obtain is meaningful, revealing the large-scale organization of the ecosystem. Furthermore, we show that it possesses predictive power, providing us the likelihood that third-party domains are co-hosted; belong to the same legal entity; or merge under the same entity in the future in terms of company acquisition. We also find that complementarity instead of similarity is the dominant force driving future domains' merging. These results provide a new perspective on understanding the ecosystem's organization and performing related inferences and predictions.
Before we present the content of this issue, we want to make an announcement. We are delighted to introduce a new journal titled "Proceedings of the ACM on Networking" (PACMNET). PACMNET is among the last journals joining the recently launched Proceedings of the ACM (PACM) series. The goal of the PACM series is to showcase the highest quality research conducted in diverse areas of computer science as represented by the ACM Special Interest Groups (SIGs), SIGCOMM in our case.
In this short essay, I ask whether our current practice of highly selective conferences is helping us achieve SIGCOMM's research goals.1 This requires first articulating what those goals are, and then evaluating our practices in relation to those goals. To no one's surprise, this essay contends that there is a significant mismatch between what I believe SIGCOMM's goals should be and what our current practices achieve. I then propose a radical restructuring of our conferences that would provide better alignment and, as an additional benefit, a stronger sense of community. However, I wrote this essay not to promote the specifics of a particular proposal, but to encourage our community to (i) engage in a thorough reexamination of how we organize SIGCOMM-sponsored conferences and (ii) seriously entertain the possibility of radical changes in our practices.
We present LGC-ShQ, a new ECN-based congestion control mechanism for datacenters. LGC-ShQ relies on ECN feedback from a Shadow Queue, and it uses ECN not only to decrease the rate, but it also increases the rate in relation to this signal. Real-life tests in a Linux testbed show that LGC-ShQ keeps the real queue at low levels while achieving good link utilization and fairness.
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