Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1097/GH9.0000000000000378
Nabila B. Kabir, Rehnuma Nasim, S. M. R. Dewan
Background Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is a nutritional, diagnostic, therapeutic, and counseling service provided by a dietician or nutritional professional for disease management [1] . The goals of nutrition therapy include preventing or reversing nutrient de fi - ciencies, maintaining lean body mass, helping patients better tolerate treatments, minimizing complications and side effects related to nutrition, preserving strength and energy, preserving immune function, decreasing the risk of infection, promoting healing and recovery, and enhancing quality of life. MNT is based on the results of a nutrition assessment, the underlying cause of the patient ’ s condition, the appropriate nutrition therapies, as well as ongoing monitoring and evaluation of the patient ’ s response to the therapy. Examples of MNT include modifying dietary habits, consuming a balanced diet, and maintaining an active lifestyle, such as a low-carb diet for diabetes and a gluten-free diet for celiac disease. Some individuals may also require vitamin or mineral supplements to prevent or remedy malnutrition and nutrient de fi ciencies.
{"title":"Patient declining medical nutrition therapy and insisting on their own diet recommendation: a perspective as per practical scenarios in Bangladesh","authors":"Nabila B. Kabir, Rehnuma Nasim, S. M. R. Dewan","doi":"10.1097/GH9.0000000000000378","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GH9.0000000000000378","url":null,"abstract":"Background Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) is a nutritional, diagnostic, therapeutic, and counseling service provided by a dietician or nutritional professional for disease management [1] . The goals of nutrition therapy include preventing or reversing nutrient de fi - ciencies, maintaining lean body mass, helping patients better tolerate treatments, minimizing complications and side effects related to nutrition, preserving strength and energy, preserving immune function, decreasing the risk of infection, promoting healing and recovery, and enhancing quality of life. MNT is based on the results of a nutrition assessment, the underlying cause of the patient ’ s condition, the appropriate nutrition therapies, as well as ongoing monitoring and evaluation of the patient ’ s response to the therapy. Examples of MNT include modifying dietary habits, consuming a balanced diet, and maintaining an active lifestyle, such as a low-carb diet for diabetes and a gluten-free diet for celiac disease. Some individuals may also require vitamin or mineral supplements to prevent or remedy malnutrition and nutrient de fi ciencies.","PeriodicalId":506642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery: Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139295005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1097/gh9.0000000000000373
A. Aborode, F. O. Agwuna, S. Ogunleye, Ayoola S. Fasawe, A. Ajagbe, F. A. Ahmed
{"title":"Role of climate change on water shortage and its effects on public health in Jacksonville, Mississippi","authors":"A. Aborode, F. O. Agwuna, S. Ogunleye, Ayoola S. Fasawe, A. Ajagbe, F. A. Ahmed","doi":"10.1097/gh9.0000000000000373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000373","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":506642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery: Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139302915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1097/gh9.0000000000000368
Rumaisa Riaz, Taruba Rais, Afsheen Khan, Qazi Shurjeel, Aymar Akilimali
{"title":"Unlocking the potential of Jesduvroq: a novel approach to anemia management in chronic kidney disease: an editorial","authors":"Rumaisa Riaz, Taruba Rais, Afsheen Khan, Qazi Shurjeel, Aymar Akilimali","doi":"10.1097/gh9.0000000000000368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000368","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":506642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery: Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139303344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1097/GH9.0000000000000367
Sujan Khadka, A. Mahat, G. Yadav, Priya Thapa, U. Mishra, Manoj Bhattarai, L. Awale, Anju Pradhan, M. K. Gupta
Background: The utilization of advanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) technology along with postprocessing reconstruction techniques has significantly enhanced the clarity of visualization of the hepato-biliary tree. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic statistics of MDCT and its associated features in the evaluation of obstructive jaundice, with respect to surgical or histopathological diagnoses. Methods and methodology: The authors conducted a cross-sectional study among 30 participants with obstructive jaundice using purposive sampling. The authors calculated the diagnostic statistics of non-neoplastic and neoplastic types, along with specific etiologies of obstructive jaundice identified through MDCT using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) v21 and MedCalc v12.3.0. The ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional review committee of BPKIHS, Nepal (Ref no: Acd/291/075/076-IRC). Results: The sensitivity and the negative predictive value of MDCT for non-neoplastic cause to detect obstructive jaundice were 100% (95% CI: 79.41–100.00) and 100% (95% CI: 75.29–100.00), while the specificity and the positive predictive value for neoplastic cause to detect obstructive jaundice were 100% (95% CI: 79.41–100.00) and 100% (95% CI: 75.29–100.00), respectively. Similarly, the accuracy for either non-neoplastic or neoplastic cause was 96.67% (95% CI: 82.78–99.92). The most common cause of obstructive jaundice was choledocholithiasis (33.34%) followed by cholangiocarcinoma (20%), ampullary carcinoma (13.33%), and choledochal cyst (13.33%). The diagnostic accuracy of the individual etiology of common causes of obstructive jaundice ranged from 82.78 to 100%. Biliary obstruction was most frequently observed in the periampullary region (83.33%), followed by the proximal common bile duct (6.67%), hilar region (6.67%), and intrahepatic region (3.33%). Conclusion: The MDCT could serve as the initial and time-efficient excellent imaging modality for diagnosing various causes of obstructive jaundice with greater accuracy. It can differentiate non-neoplastic from neoplastic causes of obstructive jaundice.
{"title":"Multidetector computed tomography evaluation of obstructive jaundice: a cross-sectional study from a tertiary hospital of Nepal","authors":"Sujan Khadka, A. Mahat, G. Yadav, Priya Thapa, U. Mishra, Manoj Bhattarai, L. Awale, Anju Pradhan, M. K. Gupta","doi":"10.1097/GH9.0000000000000367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GH9.0000000000000367","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The utilization of advanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) technology along with postprocessing reconstruction techniques has significantly enhanced the clarity of visualization of the hepato-biliary tree. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic statistics of MDCT and its associated features in the evaluation of obstructive jaundice, with respect to surgical or histopathological diagnoses. Methods and methodology: The authors conducted a cross-sectional study among 30 participants with obstructive jaundice using purposive sampling. The authors calculated the diagnostic statistics of non-neoplastic and neoplastic types, along with specific etiologies of obstructive jaundice identified through MDCT using a statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) v21 and MedCalc v12.3.0. The ethical clearance was obtained from the institutional review committee of BPKIHS, Nepal (Ref no: Acd/291/075/076-IRC). Results: The sensitivity and the negative predictive value of MDCT for non-neoplastic cause to detect obstructive jaundice were 100% (95% CI: 79.41–100.00) and 100% (95% CI: 75.29–100.00), while the specificity and the positive predictive value for neoplastic cause to detect obstructive jaundice were 100% (95% CI: 79.41–100.00) and 100% (95% CI: 75.29–100.00), respectively. Similarly, the accuracy for either non-neoplastic or neoplastic cause was 96.67% (95% CI: 82.78–99.92). The most common cause of obstructive jaundice was choledocholithiasis (33.34%) followed by cholangiocarcinoma (20%), ampullary carcinoma (13.33%), and choledochal cyst (13.33%). The diagnostic accuracy of the individual etiology of common causes of obstructive jaundice ranged from 82.78 to 100%. Biliary obstruction was most frequently observed in the periampullary region (83.33%), followed by the proximal common bile duct (6.67%), hilar region (6.67%), and intrahepatic region (3.33%). Conclusion: The MDCT could serve as the initial and time-efficient excellent imaging modality for diagnosing various causes of obstructive jaundice with greater accuracy. It can differentiate non-neoplastic from neoplastic causes of obstructive jaundice.","PeriodicalId":506642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery: Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1097/GH9.0000000000000384
Zienab Shahada, Naram Khalalyli, Leen Allahham, Maysoun Kudsi
Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that affects multiple organs with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Neuropsychiatric manifestation (NPSLE) is present among 28–40% of the SLE patients. Psychosis is rarely the only initial symptom of lupus, as neuropsychiatric lupus is often associated with systemic activity. We present two cases of young ladies presenting with acute psychosis as the predominant symptom and further diagnosed with SLE disease. Case reports: Case 1 A 20-year-old female, unmarried, presented to the Psychology Department with acute behavioral abnormality associated with staring, insomnia and, aggressive behavior, hearing voices for the last 3 days. No other psychiatric or neurological symptoms; she was taking 20 mg oral prednisolone prescribed according to a history of fatigue, low-grade fever, loss of appetite, pain in almost all joints, and myalgia for the last 1 month. There was no sign of focal neurological deficit or meningeal irritation. Examination of other systems did not find any clinical abnormality except for the presence of photosensitivity. A psychiatric consultation was ordered. Laboratory tests: white blood cells 3200 cell/mm3 (range=4000–11 000) with normal differentiation, hemoglobin 9.2 mg/dl (range=12.5–16), platelet 90 000/dl (range=150 000–400 000), C-reactive protein (CRP) 65 mg/l (n≤6), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 100 mm/h(range=0–20). anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) profile which was positive in 1:320 dilution, homogenous type, along with anti-ds-DNA positive (+), decreased C3 and C4. The diagnosis of SLE was done according to the European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria (EULAR/ACR Criteria). Case2 A 37-year-old married female with 3 children presented to the Psychology Department with disorientation, staring, hearing voices, seeing images of people who want to hurt her, refusing to respond to people, and insomnia for the last 10 days. She had complained of fatigue and low-grade fever for last month. A psychiatric consultation was ordered, and the patient was managed with an injection of haloperidol 5 mg BD. Laboratory tests: white blood cells 7300 cells/mm3 (range=4000–11 000) with normal differentiation, hemoglobin 8.7 mg/dl (range=12.5–16), platelet 90 000/dl (range=150 000–400 000), reticulocyte:1.4, CRP 7 mg/l (n≤6), and ESR 50mm/h (range=0–20). The ANA profile was positive in 1:320 dilution, homogenous type, along with the anti-ds-DNA negative (−), decreased C3, and normal C4. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a high white matter signal around the lateral ventricles and in the semi-oval centers. Mild dilation of the lateral ventricles and slight elevation of the left insular and medial temporal lobe signal. Conclusion: Our case reports showed that organic disorders should be considered while evaluating acute psychosis, especially autoimmune disorders. The presence of laboratory features
{"title":"Acute psychosis as the presenting manifestation of lupus: case reports","authors":"Zienab Shahada, Naram Khalalyli, Leen Allahham, Maysoun Kudsi","doi":"10.1097/GH9.0000000000000384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GH9.0000000000000384","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disorder that affects multiple organs with a wide range of clinical manifestations. Neuropsychiatric manifestation (NPSLE) is present among 28–40% of the SLE patients. Psychosis is rarely the only initial symptom of lupus, as neuropsychiatric lupus is often associated with systemic activity. We present two cases of young ladies presenting with acute psychosis as the predominant symptom and further diagnosed with SLE disease. Case reports: Case 1 A 20-year-old female, unmarried, presented to the Psychology Department with acute behavioral abnormality associated with staring, insomnia and, aggressive behavior, hearing voices for the last 3 days. No other psychiatric or neurological symptoms; she was taking 20 mg oral prednisolone prescribed according to a history of fatigue, low-grade fever, loss of appetite, pain in almost all joints, and myalgia for the last 1 month. There was no sign of focal neurological deficit or meningeal irritation. Examination of other systems did not find any clinical abnormality except for the presence of photosensitivity. A psychiatric consultation was ordered. Laboratory tests: white blood cells 3200 cell/mm3 (range=4000–11 000) with normal differentiation, hemoglobin 9.2 mg/dl (range=12.5–16), platelet 90 000/dl (range=150 000–400 000), C-reactive protein (CRP) 65 mg/l (n≤6), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 100 mm/h(range=0–20). anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) profile which was positive in 1:320 dilution, homogenous type, along with anti-ds-DNA positive (+), decreased C3 and C4. The diagnosis of SLE was done according to the European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria (EULAR/ACR Criteria). Case2 A 37-year-old married female with 3 children presented to the Psychology Department with disorientation, staring, hearing voices, seeing images of people who want to hurt her, refusing to respond to people, and insomnia for the last 10 days. She had complained of fatigue and low-grade fever for last month. A psychiatric consultation was ordered, and the patient was managed with an injection of haloperidol 5 mg BD. Laboratory tests: white blood cells 7300 cells/mm3 (range=4000–11 000) with normal differentiation, hemoglobin 8.7 mg/dl (range=12.5–16), platelet 90 000/dl (range=150 000–400 000), reticulocyte:1.4, CRP 7 mg/l (n≤6), and ESR 50mm/h (range=0–20). The ANA profile was positive in 1:320 dilution, homogenous type, along with the anti-ds-DNA negative (−), decreased C3, and normal C4. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a high white matter signal around the lateral ventricles and in the semi-oval centers. Mild dilation of the lateral ventricles and slight elevation of the left insular and medial temporal lobe signal. Conclusion: Our case reports showed that organic disorders should be considered while evaluating acute psychosis, especially autoimmune disorders. The presence of laboratory features","PeriodicalId":506642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery: Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139294495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1097/GH9.0000000000000375
Abdur-Rahman Adekunle Adeniji, M. J. Mustapha, Abubakar Nazir, M. O. Oduoye, Zainab Olaide, Aymar Akilimali
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,
{"title":"Alleviating the fears hypoglycaemia and weight loss among young Muslim people during Ramadan Fasting","authors":"Abdur-Rahman Adekunle Adeniji, M. J. Mustapha, Abubakar Nazir, M. O. Oduoye, Zainab Olaide, Aymar Akilimali","doi":"10.1097/GH9.0000000000000375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GH9.0000000000000375","url":null,"abstract":",","PeriodicalId":506642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery: Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139291243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1097/GH9.0000000000000370
Vicky G. Raymond, Monica M. Ndalla, J. R. Tibenderana
{"title":"Antenatal care access in Tanzania: progress, challenges, and recommendations for a healthier maternal and child well-being","authors":"Vicky G. Raymond, Monica M. Ndalla, J. R. Tibenderana","doi":"10.1097/GH9.0000000000000370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GH9.0000000000000370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":506642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery: Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139297970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1097/gh9.0000000000000372
A. Aborode, N. J. Idowu, S. Tundealao, Joseph Jaiyeola, Ogunware A. Emmanuel, F. A. Ahmed
{"title":"Pathological research on brain ageing in Africa","authors":"A. Aborode, N. J. Idowu, S. Tundealao, Joseph Jaiyeola, Ogunware A. Emmanuel, F. A. Ahmed","doi":"10.1097/gh9.0000000000000372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/gh9.0000000000000372","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":506642,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Surgery: Global Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139303741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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