Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad273b
Liuliang He, Feng He, J. Ouyang
The plasma density enhancement outside hollow electrodes in capacitively coupled radio-frequency (RF) discharges is investigated by a two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell/Monte-Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) model. Results show that the existence of plasma inside the cavity at the hollow electrode sheath fully collapsed phase is an essential condition for the plasma density enhancement outside hollow electrodes. In addition, the existence of the electron density peak at the orifice generated via the hollow cathode effect (HCE), which plays an important role in the density enhancement. It is also found that the radial plasma bulk width at the orifice affects the magnitude of the density enhancement, and narrow radial plasma bulk width at the orifice is not beneficial to obtain high-density plasma outside hollow electrodes. Higher electron density at the orifice, combined with larger radial plasma bulk width at the orifice, causes higher electron density outside hollow electrodes. The results also imply that the HCE strength inside the cavity cannot be determined by the magnitude of the electron density outside hollow electrodes.
{"title":"Plasma density enhancement effect in radio-frequency hollow electrode discharge","authors":"Liuliang He, Feng He, J. Ouyang","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad273b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad273b","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The plasma density enhancement outside hollow electrodes in capacitively coupled radio-frequency (RF) discharges is investigated by a two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell/Monte-Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) model. Results show that the existence of plasma inside the cavity at the hollow electrode sheath fully collapsed phase is an essential condition for the plasma density enhancement outside hollow electrodes. In addition, the existence of the electron density peak at the orifice generated via the hollow cathode effect (HCE), which plays an important role in the density enhancement. It is also found that the radial plasma bulk width at the orifice affects the magnitude of the density enhancement, and narrow radial plasma bulk width at the orifice is not beneficial to obtain high-density plasma outside hollow electrodes. Higher electron density at the orifice, combined with larger radial plasma bulk width at the orifice, causes higher electron density outside hollow electrodes. The results also imply that the HCE strength inside the cavity cannot be determined by the magnitude of the electron density outside hollow electrodes.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"83 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139855287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad273c
Chengcheng Deng, Zixi Liu, Tianyang Xia, Yanjun Liu, Pengcheng Li, F. Long, Xiang Gao, Shouxin Wang, Guoqiang Li, Haiqing Liu, Qing Zang, Jiuying Li, Xiaoyu Yin, Kangning Yang, A. Liu, Jinlin Xie, Tao Lan, Hong Li, W. Mao, Chu Zhou, Zhuang Ge, Weixing Ding, Wandong Liu
Many experiments have demonstrated that resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) can affect the turbulent transport at the edge of the tokamak. Through the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) density modulation experiment by SMBI, the particle transport coefficients were calculated using the experimental data, and the result shows that the particle transport coefficients increase with RMP. In this paper, the six-field two-fluid model in BOUT++ is used to simulate the transport before and after density pump-out induced by RMP, respectively referred as the case without RMP and the case with RMP. In the linear simulations, the instabilities generally decreases for cases with RMP.In the nonlinear simulation, ELM only appears in the case without RMP. Additionally, the particle transport coefficient was analyzed, and the result shows that the particle transport coefficient becomes larger for the case with RMP, which is consistent with the experimental conclusion. Moreover, its magnitude is comparable to the results calculated from experimental data.
{"title":"Comparison of transport coefficients before and after density pump-out induced by resonant magnetic perturbation using a BOUT++ six-field model on the EAST tokamak","authors":"Chengcheng Deng, Zixi Liu, Tianyang Xia, Yanjun Liu, Pengcheng Li, F. Long, Xiang Gao, Shouxin Wang, Guoqiang Li, Haiqing Liu, Qing Zang, Jiuying Li, Xiaoyu Yin, Kangning Yang, A. Liu, Jinlin Xie, Tao Lan, Hong Li, W. Mao, Chu Zhou, Zhuang Ge, Weixing Ding, Wandong Liu","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad273c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad273c","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Many experiments have demonstrated that resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) can affect the turbulent transport at the edge of the tokamak. Through the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) density modulation experiment by SMBI, the particle transport coefficients were calculated using the experimental data, and the result shows that the particle transport coefficients increase with RMP. In this paper, the six-field two-fluid model in BOUT++ is used to simulate the transport before and after density pump-out induced by RMP, respectively referred as the case without RMP and the case with RMP. In the linear simulations, the instabilities generally decreases for cases with RMP.In the nonlinear simulation, ELM only appears in the case without RMP. Additionally, the particle transport coefficient was analyzed, and the result shows that the particle transport coefficient becomes larger for the case with RMP, which is consistent with the experimental conclusion. Moreover, its magnitude is comparable to the results calculated from experimental data.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"61 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139854807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad273b
Liuliang He, Feng He, J. Ouyang
The plasma density enhancement outside hollow electrodes in capacitively coupled radio-frequency (RF) discharges is investigated by a two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell/Monte-Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) model. Results show that the existence of plasma inside the cavity at the hollow electrode sheath fully collapsed phase is an essential condition for the plasma density enhancement outside hollow electrodes. In addition, the existence of the electron density peak at the orifice generated via the hollow cathode effect (HCE), which plays an important role in the density enhancement. It is also found that the radial plasma bulk width at the orifice affects the magnitude of the density enhancement, and narrow radial plasma bulk width at the orifice is not beneficial to obtain high-density plasma outside hollow electrodes. Higher electron density at the orifice, combined with larger radial plasma bulk width at the orifice, causes higher electron density outside hollow electrodes. The results also imply that the HCE strength inside the cavity cannot be determined by the magnitude of the electron density outside hollow electrodes.
{"title":"Plasma density enhancement effect in radio-frequency hollow electrode discharge","authors":"Liuliang He, Feng He, J. Ouyang","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad273b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad273b","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The plasma density enhancement outside hollow electrodes in capacitively coupled radio-frequency (RF) discharges is investigated by a two-dimensional (2D) particle-in-cell/Monte-Carlo collision (PIC/MCC) model. Results show that the existence of plasma inside the cavity at the hollow electrode sheath fully collapsed phase is an essential condition for the plasma density enhancement outside hollow electrodes. In addition, the existence of the electron density peak at the orifice generated via the hollow cathode effect (HCE), which plays an important role in the density enhancement. It is also found that the radial plasma bulk width at the orifice affects the magnitude of the density enhancement, and narrow radial plasma bulk width at the orifice is not beneficial to obtain high-density plasma outside hollow electrodes. Higher electron density at the orifice, combined with larger radial plasma bulk width at the orifice, causes higher electron density outside hollow electrodes. The results also imply that the HCE strength inside the cavity cannot be determined by the magnitude of the electron density outside hollow electrodes.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"19 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139795521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad273c
Chengcheng Deng, Zixi Liu, Tianyang Xia, Yanjun Liu, Pengcheng Li, F. Long, Xiang Gao, Shouxin Wang, Guoqiang Li, Haiqing Liu, Qing Zang, Jiuying Li, Xiaoyu Yin, Kangning Yang, A. Liu, Jinlin Xie, Tao Lan, Hong Li, W. Mao, Chu Zhou, Zhuang Ge, Weixing Ding, Wandong Liu
Many experiments have demonstrated that resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) can affect the turbulent transport at the edge of the tokamak. Through the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) density modulation experiment by SMBI, the particle transport coefficients were calculated using the experimental data, and the result shows that the particle transport coefficients increase with RMP. In this paper, the six-field two-fluid model in BOUT++ is used to simulate the transport before and after density pump-out induced by RMP, respectively referred as the case without RMP and the case with RMP. In the linear simulations, the instabilities generally decreases for cases with RMP.In the nonlinear simulation, ELM only appears in the case without RMP. Additionally, the particle transport coefficient was analyzed, and the result shows that the particle transport coefficient becomes larger for the case with RMP, which is consistent with the experimental conclusion. Moreover, its magnitude is comparable to the results calculated from experimental data.
{"title":"Comparison of transport coefficients before and after density pump-out induced by resonant magnetic perturbation using a BOUT++ six-field model on the EAST tokamak","authors":"Chengcheng Deng, Zixi Liu, Tianyang Xia, Yanjun Liu, Pengcheng Li, F. Long, Xiang Gao, Shouxin Wang, Guoqiang Li, Haiqing Liu, Qing Zang, Jiuying Li, Xiaoyu Yin, Kangning Yang, A. Liu, Jinlin Xie, Tao Lan, Hong Li, W. Mao, Chu Zhou, Zhuang Ge, Weixing Ding, Wandong Liu","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad273c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad273c","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Many experiments have demonstrated that resonant magnetic perturbation (RMP) can affect the turbulent transport at the edge of the tokamak. Through the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) density modulation experiment by SMBI, the particle transport coefficients were calculated using the experimental data, and the result shows that the particle transport coefficients increase with RMP. In this paper, the six-field two-fluid model in BOUT++ is used to simulate the transport before and after density pump-out induced by RMP, respectively referred as the case without RMP and the case with RMP. In the linear simulations, the instabilities generally decreases for cases with RMP.In the nonlinear simulation, ELM only appears in the case without RMP. Additionally, the particle transport coefficient was analyzed, and the result shows that the particle transport coefficient becomes larger for the case with RMP, which is consistent with the experimental conclusion. Moreover, its magnitude is comparable to the results calculated from experimental data.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"1 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139794947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two new ICRF antennas operating in the ion cyclotron radio frequency (ICRF) range have been developed for EAST to overcome the low coupling problem of the original antennas. The original ICRF antennas were limited in their power capacity due to insufficient coupling. The new antenna design takes into account both wave coupling and absorption processes through comprehensive wave coupling and absorption codes, with the dominant parallel wave number k_∥ of 7.5 m-1 at dipole phasing. Through the use of these new ICRF antennas, we are able to achieve 3.8 MW output power and 360 second operation, respectively. The initial experimental results demonstrate the reliability of the antenna design method.
{"title":"Physical design and recent experimental results of the new ICRF antenna on EAST","authors":"Hua Yang, Xinjun Zhang, Shuai Yuan, Chengming Qin, Wei Zhang, Guillaume Urbanczyk, Jinping Qian, Lunan Liu, Gaoxiang Wang, Qingqing Chen","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad273d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad273d","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Two new ICRF antennas operating in the ion cyclotron radio frequency (ICRF) range have been developed for EAST to overcome the low coupling problem of the original antennas. The original ICRF antennas were limited in their power capacity due to insufficient coupling. The new antenna design takes into account both wave coupling and absorption processes through comprehensive wave coupling and absorption codes, with the dominant parallel wave number k_∥ of 7.5 m-1 at dipole phasing. Through the use of these new ICRF antennas, we are able to achieve 3.8 MW output power and 360 second operation, respectively. The initial experimental results demonstrate the reliability of the antenna design method.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"43 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139797100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Two new ICRF antennas operating in the ion cyclotron radio frequency (ICRF) range have been developed for EAST to overcome the low coupling problem of the original antennas. The original ICRF antennas were limited in their power capacity due to insufficient coupling. The new antenna design takes into account both wave coupling and absorption processes through comprehensive wave coupling and absorption codes, with the dominant parallel wave number k_∥ of 7.5 m-1 at dipole phasing. Through the use of these new ICRF antennas, we are able to achieve 3.8 MW output power and 360 second operation, respectively. The initial experimental results demonstrate the reliability of the antenna design method.
{"title":"Physical design and recent experimental results of the new ICRF antenna on EAST","authors":"Hua Yang, Xinjun Zhang, Shuai Yuan, Chengming Qin, Wei Zhang, Guillaume Urbanczyk, Jinping Qian, Lunan Liu, Gaoxiang Wang, Qingqing Chen","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad273d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad273d","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Two new ICRF antennas operating in the ion cyclotron radio frequency (ICRF) range have been developed for EAST to overcome the low coupling problem of the original antennas. The original ICRF antennas were limited in their power capacity due to insufficient coupling. The new antenna design takes into account both wave coupling and absorption processes through comprehensive wave coupling and absorption codes, with the dominant parallel wave number k_∥ of 7.5 m-1 at dipole phasing. Through the use of these new ICRF antennas, we are able to achieve 3.8 MW output power and 360 second operation, respectively. The initial experimental results demonstrate the reliability of the antenna design method.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"21 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139856876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad2670
W. han, Dui-xiong Sun, Guoding Zhang, Guanghui Dong, Xiaona Cui, Jincheng Shen, Haoliang Wang, Denghong Zhang, Chenzhong Dong, M. Su
To obtain more stable spectral data for accurate quantitative analysis of multi-element, especially for the large-area in-situ elements detection of soils, we propose a method for a multi-element quantitative analysis of soils using calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) based on data filtering. In this study, we analyze a standard soil sample doped with two heavy metal elements, Cu and Cd, with a specific focus on the line of Cu I 324.75 nm for filtering the experimental data of multiple sample sets. Pre- and post- data filtering, the relative standard deviation for Cu decreased from 30% to 10%, The limits of detection (LOD) values for Cu and Cd decreased by 5% and 4%, respectively. Through CF-LIBS, a quantitative analysis was conducted to determine the relative content of elements in soils. Using Cu as a reference, the concentration of Cd was accurately calculated. The results show that post- data filtering, the average relative error of the Cd decreases from 11% to 5%, indicating the effectiveness of data filtering in improving the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Moreover, the content of Si, Fe and other elements can be accurately calculated using this method. To further correct the calculation, the results for Cd was used to provide a more precise calculation. This approach is of great importance for the large-area in-situ heavy metals and trace elements detection in soil, as well as for rapid and accurate quantitative analysis.
为了获得更稳定的光谱数据以进行精确的多元素定量分析，特别是用于大面积土壤原位元素检测，我们提出了一种基于数据过滤的免校准激光诱导击穿光谱（CF-LIBS）土壤多元素定量分析方法。在本研究中，我们分析了掺杂了 Cu 和 Cd 两种重金属元素的标准土壤样品，重点关注 Cu I 324.75 nm 的谱线，以过滤多组样品的实验数据。数据过滤前后，铜的相对标准偏差从 30% 降至 10%，铜和镉的检出限（LOD）分别降低了 5%和 4%。通过 CF-LIBS 进行定量分析，确定了土壤中元素的相对含量。以铜为参考，准确计算出了镉的浓度。结果表明，数据过滤后，镉的平均相对误差从 11% 降至 5%，表明数据过滤在提高定量分析准确性方面的有效性。此外，该方法还能准确计算出 Si、Fe 和其他元素的含量。为了进一步修正计算结果，还使用了镉的计算结果，以提供更精确的计算结果。这种方法对于大面积原位检测土壤中的重金属和微量元素以及快速准确地进行定量分析具有重要意义。
{"title":"Accurate method based on data filtering for quantitative multi-element analysis of soils using CF-LIBS","authors":"W. han, Dui-xiong Sun, Guoding Zhang, Guanghui Dong, Xiaona Cui, Jincheng Shen, Haoliang Wang, Denghong Zhang, Chenzhong Dong, M. Su","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad2670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad2670","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 To obtain more stable spectral data for accurate quantitative analysis of multi-element, especially for the large-area in-situ elements detection of soils, we propose a method for a multi-element quantitative analysis of soils using calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) based on data filtering. In this study, we analyze a standard soil sample doped with two heavy metal elements, Cu and Cd, with a specific focus on the line of Cu I 324.75 nm for filtering the experimental data of multiple sample sets. Pre- and post- data filtering, the relative standard deviation for Cu decreased from 30% to 10%, The limits of detection (LOD) values for Cu and Cd decreased by 5% and 4%, respectively. Through CF-LIBS, a quantitative analysis was conducted to determine the relative content of elements in soils. Using Cu as a reference, the concentration of Cd was accurately calculated. The results show that post- data filtering, the average relative error of the Cd decreases from 11% to 5%, indicating the effectiveness of data filtering in improving the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Moreover, the content of Si, Fe and other elements can be accurately calculated using this method. To further correct the calculation, the results for Cd was used to provide a more precise calculation. This approach is of great importance for the large-area in-situ heavy metals and trace elements detection in soil, as well as for rapid and accurate quantitative analysis.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"16 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139802717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad2670
W. han, Dui-xiong Sun, Guoding Zhang, Guanghui Dong, Xiaona Cui, Jincheng Shen, Haoliang Wang, Denghong Zhang, Chenzhong Dong, M. Su
To obtain more stable spectral data for accurate quantitative analysis of multi-element, especially for the large-area in-situ elements detection of soils, we propose a method for a multi-element quantitative analysis of soils using calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) based on data filtering. In this study, we analyze a standard soil sample doped with two heavy metal elements, Cu and Cd, with a specific focus on the line of Cu I 324.75 nm for filtering the experimental data of multiple sample sets. Pre- and post- data filtering, the relative standard deviation for Cu decreased from 30% to 10%, The limits of detection (LOD) values for Cu and Cd decreased by 5% and 4%, respectively. Through CF-LIBS, a quantitative analysis was conducted to determine the relative content of elements in soils. Using Cu as a reference, the concentration of Cd was accurately calculated. The results show that post- data filtering, the average relative error of the Cd decreases from 11% to 5%, indicating the effectiveness of data filtering in improving the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Moreover, the content of Si, Fe and other elements can be accurately calculated using this method. To further correct the calculation, the results for Cd was used to provide a more precise calculation. This approach is of great importance for the large-area in-situ heavy metals and trace elements detection in soil, as well as for rapid and accurate quantitative analysis.
为了获得更稳定的光谱数据以进行精确的多元素定量分析，特别是用于大面积土壤原位元素检测，我们提出了一种基于数据过滤的免校准激光诱导击穿光谱（CF-LIBS）土壤多元素定量分析方法。在本研究中，我们分析了掺杂了 Cu 和 Cd 两种重金属元素的标准土壤样品，重点关注 Cu I 324.75 nm 的谱线，以过滤多组样品的实验数据。数据过滤前后，铜的相对标准偏差从 30% 降至 10%，铜和镉的检出限（LOD）分别降低了 5%和 4%。通过 CF-LIBS 进行定量分析，确定了土壤中元素的相对含量。以铜为参考，准确计算出了镉的浓度。结果表明，数据过滤后，镉的平均相对误差从 11% 降至 5%，表明数据过滤在提高定量分析准确性方面的有效性。此外，该方法还能准确计算出 Si、Fe 和其他元素的含量。为了进一步修正计算结果，还使用了镉的计算结果，以提供更精确的计算结果。这种方法对于大面积原位检测土壤中的重金属和微量元素以及快速准确地进行定量分析具有重要意义。
{"title":"Accurate method based on data filtering for quantitative multi-element analysis of soils using CF-LIBS","authors":"W. han, Dui-xiong Sun, Guoding Zhang, Guanghui Dong, Xiaona Cui, Jincheng Shen, Haoliang Wang, Denghong Zhang, Chenzhong Dong, M. Su","doi":"10.1088/2058-6272/ad2670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2058-6272/ad2670","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 To obtain more stable spectral data for accurate quantitative analysis of multi-element, especially for the large-area in-situ elements detection of soils, we propose a method for a multi-element quantitative analysis of soils using calibration-free laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (CF-LIBS) based on data filtering. In this study, we analyze a standard soil sample doped with two heavy metal elements, Cu and Cd, with a specific focus on the line of Cu I 324.75 nm for filtering the experimental data of multiple sample sets. Pre- and post- data filtering, the relative standard deviation for Cu decreased from 30% to 10%, The limits of detection (LOD) values for Cu and Cd decreased by 5% and 4%, respectively. Through CF-LIBS, a quantitative analysis was conducted to determine the relative content of elements in soils. Using Cu as a reference, the concentration of Cd was accurately calculated. The results show that post- data filtering, the average relative error of the Cd decreases from 11% to 5%, indicating the effectiveness of data filtering in improving the accuracy of quantitative analysis. Moreover, the content of Si, Fe and other elements can be accurately calculated using this method. To further correct the calculation, the results for Cd was used to provide a more precise calculation. This approach is of great importance for the large-area in-situ heavy metals and trace elements detection in soil, as well as for rapid and accurate quantitative analysis.","PeriodicalId":506986,"journal":{"name":"Plasma Science and Technology","volume":"192 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139862590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad24f5
Liang Liu, Deliang Yu, Qian Ma, Xiaofei He, Maarten De Bock, M. von Hellermann, Michael Walsh, Wenjin Chen, Xiaoxue He, Yanling Wei, Neng Zhang, Huiling Wei
Charge-exchange (CX) recombination spectroscopy is a powerful tool monitoring ion temperature and plasma rotation with good temporal and spatial resolutions. A compact, new design for a high-throughput, tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer has been developed for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy measurement on the HL-2A tokamak. The simultaneous measurements of He II (468.57 nm), C VI (529.1 nm), and Dα (656.1 nm accompanied by beam emission spectra) with an acquisition frequency up to 400 Hz are achieved by vertically binning the spectrum from each fiber in experiments. Initial results indicate that the system can provide radial profiles not only of ion temperature and rotation velocity, but also concentration of carbon. For the case of helium, the measurements for the ion temperature and rotation velocity are straightforward but the apparent concentration associated with the observed CX intensity is obviously too high. Modeling of the active He II CX feature including plume contributions needs to be carried out to extract the true helium concentration. The spectrometer could become a prototype for the ITER charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic and the pilot experiments, as presented here, demonstrate the possibility of impurity concentrations measurements based on the combined measurement of local beam emission and charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy spectra.
电荷交换（CX）重组光谱是一种监测离子温度和等离子体旋转的强大工具，具有良好的时间和空间分辨率。为在 HL-2A 托卡马克上进行电荷交换重组光谱测量，开发了一种结构紧凑、设计新颖的高通量三波段高光谱分辨率光谱仪。通过在实验中对每根光纤的光谱进行垂直分档，可同时测量 He II（468.57 nm）、C VI（529.1 nm）和 Dα（656.1 nm，伴有光束发射光谱），采集频率高达 400 Hz。初步结果表明，该系统不仅能提供离子温度和旋转速度的径向剖面图，还能提供碳浓度的径向剖面图。对于氦的情况，离子温度和旋转速度的测量很简单，但与观测到的 CX 强度相关的表观浓度显然过高。需要对活跃的 He II CX 特征（包括羽流贡献）进行建模，以提取真实的氦浓度。该光谱仪可以成为国际热核聚变实验堆电荷交换重组光谱诊断的原型，本文介绍的先导实验证明了在联合测量本地光束发射和电荷交换重组光谱的基础上测量杂质浓度的可能性。
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Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1088/2058-6272/ad24f5
Liang Liu, Deliang Yu, Qian Ma, Xiaofei He, Maarten De Bock, M. von Hellermann, Michael Walsh, Wenjin Chen, Xiaoxue He, Yanling Wei, Neng Zhang, Huiling Wei
Charge-exchange (CX) recombination spectroscopy is a powerful tool monitoring ion temperature and plasma rotation with good temporal and spatial resolutions. A compact, new design for a high-throughput, tri-band high spectral resolution spectrometer has been developed for the charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy measurement on the HL-2A tokamak. The simultaneous measurements of He II (468.57 nm), C VI (529.1 nm), and Dα (656.1 nm accompanied by beam emission spectra) with an acquisition frequency up to 400 Hz are achieved by vertically binning the spectrum from each fiber in experiments. Initial results indicate that the system can provide radial profiles not only of ion temperature and rotation velocity, but also concentration of carbon. For the case of helium, the measurements for the ion temperature and rotation velocity are straightforward but the apparent concentration associated with the observed CX intensity is obviously too high. Modeling of the active He II CX feature including plume contributions needs to be carried out to extract the true helium concentration. The spectrometer could become a prototype for the ITER charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy diagnostic and the pilot experiments, as presented here, demonstrate the possibility of impurity concentrations measurements based on the combined measurement of local beam emission and charge-exchange recombination spectroscopy spectra.
电荷交换（CX）重组光谱是一种监测离子温度和等离子体旋转的强大工具，具有良好的时间和空间分辨率。为在 HL-2A 托卡马克上进行电荷交换重组光谱测量，开发了一种结构紧凑、设计新颖的高通量三波段高光谱分辨率光谱仪。通过在实验中对每根光纤的光谱进行垂直分档，可同时测量 He II（468.57 nm）、C VI（529.1 nm）和 Dα（656.1 nm，伴有光束发射光谱），采集频率高达 400 Hz。初步结果表明，该系统不仅能提供离子温度和旋转速度的径向剖面图，还能提供碳浓度的径向剖面图。对于氦的情况，离子温度和旋转速度的测量很简单，但与观测到的 CX 强度相关的表观浓度显然过高。需要对活跃的 He II CX 特征（包括羽流贡献）进行建模，以提取真实的氦浓度。该光谱仪可以成为国际热核聚变实验堆电荷交换重组光谱诊断的原型，本文介绍的先导实验证明了在联合测量本地光束发射和电荷交换重组光谱的基础上测量杂质浓度的可能性。
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