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Effects of land use and topographic variables on distribution of pine mistletoe (Viscum álbum subsp. austriacum (Wiesb.) Vollm.) in northeastern Turkey 土地利用和地形变量对松槲寄生分布的影响在土耳其东北部
IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2021-07-02 DOI: 10.1590/01047760202127012618
A. Usta, Murat Yılmaz
ABSTRACT Background: This study evaluated the distribution of pine mistletoe in Scots pine ecosystems in relation to topographic variables and land uses. A total of 109 sample plots were selected from pure Scots pine forests in the Eastern Black Sea Region of Turkey. The 6-class dwarf mistletoe rating was used for infection severity. Pearson correlation analysis results showed significant relationships between mistletoe infection severity and topographic variables in 30 m buffer and land use in 500 m buffer. Results: Of the sample plots, 69 (63%) were mistletoe infected, and 40 (37%) were uninfected. The t-test results showed that there was a significant difference between mean topographic variables and land use in mistletoe infected and uninfected sample plots. The results of the binary logistic regression analysis showed that altitude, productive forest, slope, and road distance were the most significant predictors of the distribution of pine mistletoe as topographic variables and land uses. Conclusion: The common direction of mistletoe infected areas, in addition to Scots pine ecosystems, was low altitudes, sheltered valleys, more humid areas and different land use (agriculture, road and stream).
摘要背景:本研究评估了松槲寄生在苏格兰松生态系统中的分布与地形变量和土地利用的关系。共从土耳其东黑海地区的纯苏格兰松林中选择了109个样地。6级矮槲寄生等级用于评估感染的严重程度。Pearson相关分析结果显示,30 m缓冲区中槲寄生感染的严重程度与地形变量以及500 m缓冲区的土地利用之间存在显著关系。结果:在样本区中,69个(63%)被槲寄生感染,40个(37%)未被感染。t检验结果表明,槲寄生感染和未感染样本区的平均地形变量和土地利用之间存在显著差异。二元逻辑回归分析的结果表明,海拔、生产力森林、坡度和道路距离是松槲寄生作为地形变量和土地利用分布的最重要预测因素。结论:除了苏格兰松生态系统外,槲寄生感染区的共同方向是低海拔、有遮蔽的山谷、更潮湿的地区和不同的土地利用(农业、道路和溪流)。
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引用次数: 1
Genetic control of productivity and genotypes by environments interaction for Eucalyptus dorrigoensis in southern Brazil 巴西南部多里戈桉生产力和基因型的环境相互作用遗传控制
IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.1590/01047760202127012594
L. Munhoz, O. D. Santos, B. M. D. R. Valente, E. Tambarussi
ABSTRACT Background: Eucalyptus dorrigoensis withstands cold weather and the occurrence of frost, making it a potential species for improvement programs in Southern Brazil where such conditions occur. However, the use of the species is still uncommon and its genetic variability remains poorly understood.d. Results: For site called Sertao Santana, the narrow sense heritability ranged from 0.46 (H) to 0.64 (MAI) and for Lavras do Sul it ranged from 0.38 (H) to 0.47 (MAI). The coefficient of genetic variation varied from 8.1% (H) to 26.1% (MAI). There is significant genetic correlation between DBH and MAI, reaching a value of 0.97. The GxE interaction was significant and mostly complex (78.7%). The best genetic materials for each environment, along with the most stable genetic materials, were identified. In addition, a thinning simulation was performed and the genetic gains for Sertao Santana and Lavras do Sul were 12.62 and 7.43%, respectively. Conclusion: The studied populations have genetic variability that can be used in breeding programs by selecting among progenies and individuals within progenies. The GxE interaction is complex, and as such, the best genetic material should be selected independently for each site. The results of this study have practical implications for the companies and offer advances in knowledge of the species for breeding programs.
摘要背景:多里戈桉能经受住寒冷天气和霜冻的影响,是巴西南部有可能进行改良的树种。然而,该物种的使用仍然不常见,其遗传变异性仍知之甚少。d.结果:对于Sertao Santana,狭义遗传力范围为0.46(H)至0.64(MAI),而Lavras do Sul的狭义遗传力为0.38(H)~0.47(MAI。遗传变异系数为8.1%(H)~26.1%(MAI)。DBH与MAI之间存在显著的遗传相关性,达0.97。GxE相互作用显著且大多复杂(78.7%)。确定了每种环境的最佳遗传物质和最稳定的遗传物质。此外,还进行了间伐模拟,Sertao Santana和Lavras do Sul的遗传增益分别为12.62%和7.43%。结论:所研究的群体具有遗传变异性,可以通过在后代和后代内个体之间进行选择来用于育种计划。GxE相互作用是复杂的,因此,应该为每个位点独立选择最佳遗传物质。这项研究的结果对这些公司有实际意义,并为育种计划提供了物种知识的进步。
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引用次数: 0
Distribution and importance of some endemic Astragalus L. species in semi-arid environmentally sensitive areas: a case study from northern Turkey 半干旱环境敏感地区一些地方性黄芪属植物的分布及其重要性——以土耳其北部为例
IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2021-05-18 DOI: 10.1590/01047760202127012559
E. Gül, M. Dölarslan
ABSTRACT Background: The objective of this study was to determine the distribution of some endemic species of the genus Astragalus L. (Astragalus anthylloides Lam., Astragalus lycius Boiss. and Astragalus xylobasis var. angustus (Freyn & Sint.) Freyn & Bornm.) species, and the interaction between soil, climatic characteristics and desertification risk which affect the distribution of these species in the semi-arid environment of Cankiri, northwest Turkey. During the vegetation period in 2017, soil and plant samples were collected from 180 points. Desertification risk (DR) and environmentally sensitive area index (ESAI) were calculated for each sampling point using the desertification indicator system for Mediterranean Europe (DIS4ME). Results: According to the DIS4ME system in the forest areas, DR values for A. anthylloides and A. lycius were lowest with 0.49 (no desertification risk) and highest with 3.73 (moderate desertification risk), and with an average of 2.20 in the field (low desertification risk). For A. xylobasis var. angustus in grassland, the DR values ranged from a low of 5.01 to a high of 5.42. The ESAI values ranged from 1.34 to 1.50 in the forest areas where the species A. anthylloides and A. lycius were distributed, and they ranged between 1.33 and 1.47 for A. xylobasis var. angustus in the grassland areas. The results of the analysis between the DR values and Astragalus L. species changes according to the land use types and plant distribution. Conclusion: When the relationships between all three of these endemic species’ DR values are evaluated together, they emerged as the best plant species indicator for determining desertification status.
摘要背景:研究黄芪属植物黄芪(Astragalus anthylloides Lam)的分布。、黄芪;和黄芪(Freyn & Sint.)Freyn & Bornm.)种,以及影响土耳其西北部Cankiri半干旱环境中这些物种分布的土壤、气候特征和荒漠化风险之间的相互作用。在2017年植被期,采集了180个点的土壤和植物样本。利用地中海欧洲沙漠化指标体系(DIS4ME)计算各采样点的沙漠化风险(DR)和环境敏感区指数(ESAI)。结果:根据DIS4ME系统,森林地区花青花和枸枸花的DR值最低为0.49(无荒漠化风险),最高为3.73(中度荒漠化风险),野外平均为2.20(低荒漠化风险)。草原木本变种古氏木本的DR值低5.01,高5.42。在有花青藤和枸枣的林区,ESAI值在1.34 ~ 1.50之间,在草原区,木本变种古斯马的ESAI值在1.33 ~ 1.47之间。DR值与黄芪种类的分析结果随土地利用类型和植物分布的不同而变化。结论:综合评价3种特有种DR值之间的关系,可以作为判断沙漠化状况的最佳植物物种指标。
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引用次数: 2
Structural health assessment of a historical building by using in situ stress wave NDT: a case study in Iran 应用原位应力波无损检测对一座历史建筑进行结构健康评估——以伊朗为例
IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2021-05-13 DOI: 10.1590/01047760202127012535
M. Madhoushi, S. Ebrahimi, A. Omidvar
ABSTRACT Background: Many historical buildings in Iran need to be protected. In many of these buildings, wood is used as a structural element in features such as beam, pile, roof and floor systems. For this purpose, the architectural features of a historical building located in Gorgan (Northern part of Iran) and characterisation of faults, in addition to identification of wood species were conducted. Stress wave non-destructive testing (NDT) was used and wave speed (WS) was measured in tested members to evaluate the decay situation of major wooden beams of building frames and roof truss. After obtaining data related to WS, time of wave transition (TWT) was calculated and compared with control time. Structural elements were characterized in comparison with control time and classified according to decay severity. Results: The results showed that local hardwood species were used for construction of this building. Furthermore, in some parts of the building, there were severely defected structures, thus highlighting the importance of safety. Moreover, WS strongly depended on the types of faults. Conclusion: Due to high relative humidity of climate, wood structures are exposed to faults in the northern region of Iran. However, their general appearance is adequate and acceptable. For better decision making, the TWT should be accompanied by more investigation into the types of defects.
摘要背景:伊朗的许多历史建筑需要保护。在许多这样的建筑中,木材被用作梁、桩、屋顶和地板系统等特征的结构元素。为此,除了鉴定木材种类外,还对戈尔根(伊朗北部)一座历史建筑的建筑特征和断层特征进行了研究。采用应力波无损检测(NDT)和检测构件中的波速(WS)来评估建筑框架和屋顶特拉斯的主要木梁的衰变情况。在获得与WS相关的数据后,计算波浪转变时间(TWT),并与对照时间进行比较。与对照时间相比,对结构元素进行了表征,并根据衰变严重程度进行了分类。结果:该建筑采用当地硬木树种。此外,在该建筑的某些部分,存在严重缺陷的结构,从而突出了安全的重要性。此外,WS在很大程度上取决于故障的类型。结论:伊朗北部地区由于气候相对湿度大,木结构暴露在断层中。然而,它们的总体外观是充分和可接受的。为了更好地做出决策,TWT应同时对缺陷类型进行更多的调查。
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引用次数: 0
Pull-out strength of glued-in GFRP rods in timber connections by using of epoxy resin reinforced by nanoparticles 环氧树脂纳米颗粒增强GFRP粘接杆在木材连接中的拉拔强度
IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2021-03-18 DOI: 10.1590/01047760202127012508
M. Madhoushi
ABSTRACT Background: In timber structures, connections are the most important and critical section which supply the strength of each structural element. The aim of this study was evaluation the behavior of epoxy resin reinforced by nanoclay (at three levels) on the pull-out strength of glued-in GFRP rods in glulam. For this purpose, two rods with three lengths (50, 150 and 250 mm) and diameters (6.4, 12.7 and 19.1 mm) were inserted at two opposite sides of glulam blocks (with dimension of 8.89 x 8.89 x 29.94 cm) which were glued by epoxy resin. Samples underwent tensile testing and their tensile strength and shear strength were measured. The obtained data were analyzed statistically and the effects of studied factors on bond strength were evaluated. Results: The results showed that the strength of bonding increased with the addition of a low amount of nanoclay, and the length of the rod had a greater effect than its diameter. Furthermore, the amount of nanoclay, rod length and diameter could not significantly affect simultaneously, the performance and strength of glued-in GFRP rods. Conclusion: Nanoclay particle can be considered as a reinforcement for epoxy resin in glued-in GFRP rods and its effect may cause a considerable increase in the mechanical strengths of joints.
摘要背景:在木结构中,连接是提供每个结构元件强度的最重要和最关键的部分。本研究的目的是评估纳米粘土增强环氧树脂(在三个水平上)对胶合玻璃纤维增强塑料棒在胶合木中的拔出强度的影响。为此,将具有三个长度(50、150和250 mm)和直径(6.4、12.7和19.1 mm)的两根杆插入由环氧树脂粘合的胶合木块(尺寸为8.89 x 8.89 x 29.94 cm)的相对两侧。对样品进行拉伸测试,并测量它们的拉伸强度和剪切强度。对获得的数据进行统计分析,并评估所研究的因素对粘结强度的影响。结果:随着纳米粘土用量的减少,粘结强度增加,且棒的长度对粘结强度的影响大于棒的直径。此外,纳米粘土的用量、棒的长度和直径不会同时对GFRP棒的胶合性能和强度产生显著影响。结论:纳米粘土颗粒可作为环氧树脂在GFRP胶接杆中的增强材料,其作用可显著提高接头的力学强度。
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引用次数: 0
Seasonally dry tropical forest temporal patterns are marked by floristic stability and structural changes 季节性干旱的热带森林时间模式以区系稳定性和结构变化为标志
IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2021-02-03 DOI: 10.1590/01047760202127012355
C. Souza, A. B. M. Santos, V. A. Maia, Gabriela Gomes Pires Paula, N. C. A. Fagundes, P. A. Coelho, P. F. Santos, J. Morel, P. O. Garcia, R. M. Santos
Background: Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTF) are recognized by their great biological diversity, but little is known about their temporal patterns, which may be crucial in a changing world. Here we aimed to characterize the SDTF dynamic patterns in floristic and structural changes, and also to evaluate shifts in dynamic rates and structural attributes such as richness, number of trees and biomass. Our hypothesis is that SDTF tree communities have their dynamic characterized by temporal fluctuations related to an instability pattern, in according to the already found for others tropical forests. For this we used a data of 42 400 m2 plots in three fragments in the Brazilian Arboreal Caatinga, measured in 2005, 2010 and 2015. We evaluated temporal changes in richness, species composition, trees density, biomass and rates of tree mortality and recruitment; and also rates of biomass gain and loss. Results: We found a pattern of floristic composition stability, but with changes in structure and dynamics. There was a tree density decrease driven by constant mortality and by recruitment decrease, and biomass increase due to decrease in biomass loss and to increase in biomass gain. The biomass increase was main related to a small set of dominant species that are the most representative in the
背景:季节性干旱热带森林(SDTF)以其巨大的生物多样性而闻名,但对其时间模式知之甚少,这在不断变化的世界中可能至关重要。在这里,我们旨在描述SDTF在区系和结构变化中的动态模式,并评估动态速率和结构属性(如丰富度、树木数量和生物量)的变化。我们的假设是,根据其他热带森林已经发现的情况,SDTF树木群落的动态特征是与不稳定模式相关的时间波动。为此,我们使用了2005年、2010年和2015年在巴西卡廷加乔木园测量的三个片段中的42个400平方米地块的数据。我们评估了丰富度、物种组成、树木密度、生物量以及树木死亡率和补充率的时间变化;以及生物量的增加和损失率。结果:我们发现了一种区系组成稳定的模式,但随着结构和动力学的变化。树木密度的下降是由持续的死亡率和补充量的减少引起的,而生物量的增加是由于生物量损失的减少和生物量增加引起的。生物量的增加主要与一小部分优势物种有关,这些物种在
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引用次数: 0
Blended paper: physical, optical, structural, and interfiber bonding analysis 混纺纸:物理、光学、结构和纤维间粘合分析
IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/01047760202127012944
M. F. F. Pego, M. L. Bianchi
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引用次数: 0
Factors affecting some properties on surface of thermowood material applied with water-based varnishes modifed with nanoparticles 纳米颗粒改性水性清漆对热木材料表面性能的影响因素
IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/01047760202127012886
M. Karamanoğlu, H. I. Kesik
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引用次数: 0
Study on Forest Fire spread Model of Multi-dimensional Cellular Automata based on Rothermel Speed Formula 基于Rothermel速度公式的多维元胞自动机森林火灾蔓延模型研究
IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/01047760202127012932
Shiyu Zhang, Jiuqing Liu, Hewei Gao, Xiandong Chen, Xingdong Li, Jun Hua
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引用次数: 2
Cellulose nanostructured films from pretreated açaí mesocarp fibers: physical, barrier, and tensile performance 纤维素纳米结构薄膜从预处理açaí中果皮纤维:物理,屏障,和拉伸性能
IF 0.8 4区 农林科学 Q3 FORESTRY Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1590/01047760202127012783
Dayse Gonzaga Braga, Juliana Livian Lima de Abreu, M. G. Silva, T. M. Souza, Matheus Cordazzo Dias, G. Tonoli, C. F. O. Oliveira Neto, P. Claro, L. Gomes, L. Bufalino
.
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引用次数: 5
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