Diah Ratnawati, Mega H. Huda, Muhammad A. Mukminin, Widyatuti Widyatuti, Agus Setiawan
The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among adolescents is on the rise due to a lack of comprehensive knowledge, leading to suboptimal attitudes and behaviors, which emphasizes the critical need for targeted interventions. The aim of this review study was to evaluate the effectiveness of educational interventions for HIV prevention among adolescents by assessing their impact on knowledge, attitude, and behavior. A systematic review of seven databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, JSTOR, Embase, Scopus, and EBSCO were identified, and 14 eligible randomized controlled trials published until June 2023 were included. Two independent authors assessed quality appraisal using the Risk of Bias 2.0. Outcomes were measured using the standard mean difference (SMD) with random effects model and a 95% confidence interval. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to explore heterogeneity. The results showed significant improvements in participants' knowledge (SMD: 1.13, 95%CI: 0.78–1.49), behavior intentions (SMD: 1.22, 95%CI: 0.37–2.07), and attitude (SMD: 0.48, 95%CI: 0.02–0.95) after receiving HIV prevention education programs. Interventions grounded in theoretical principles and incorporating technology, group settings, and audio-visual aids were found to be effective in enhancing knowledge of HIV prevention and promoting behavioral intentions. Peer-led education positively impacted both knowledge and attitude. Moreover, excluding parents from these programs was identified as a crucial factor in improving adolescents' knowledge of HIV prevention. In conclusion, educational programs focused on HIV effectively enhance adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions among adolescents. Professionals planning interventions should consider these impactful components in designing comprehensive strategies.
{"title":"Meta-analysis of the effectiveness of educational programs about HIV prevention on knowledge, attitude, and behavior among adolescents","authors":"Diah Ratnawati, Mega H. Huda, Muhammad A. Mukminin, Widyatuti Widyatuti, Agus Setiawan","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i2.870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.870","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among adolescents is on the rise due to a lack of comprehensive knowledge, leading to suboptimal attitudes and behaviors, which emphasizes the critical need for targeted interventions. The aim of this review study was to evaluate the effectiveness of educational interventions for HIV prevention among adolescents by assessing their impact on knowledge, attitude, and behavior. A systematic review of seven databases: PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane, JSTOR, Embase, Scopus, and EBSCO were identified, and 14 eligible randomized controlled trials published until June 2023 were included. Two independent authors assessed quality appraisal using the Risk of Bias 2.0. Outcomes were measured using the standard mean difference (SMD) with random effects model and a 95% confidence interval. Subgroup analyses and meta-regression were performed to explore heterogeneity. The results showed significant improvements in participants' knowledge (SMD: 1.13, 95%CI: 0.78–1.49), behavior intentions (SMD: 1.22, 95%CI: 0.37–2.07), and attitude (SMD: 0.48, 95%CI: 0.02–0.95) after receiving HIV prevention education programs. Interventions grounded in theoretical principles and incorporating technology, group settings, and audio-visual aids were found to be effective in enhancing knowledge of HIV prevention and promoting behavioral intentions. Peer-led education positively impacted both knowledge and attitude. Moreover, excluding parents from these programs was identified as a crucial factor in improving adolescents' knowledge of HIV prevention. In conclusion, educational programs focused on HIV effectively enhance adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and behavioral intentions among adolescents. Professionals planning interventions should consider these impactful components in designing comprehensive strategies.","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141815129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sulastri Sulastri, T. Siregar, Muhammad Adlim, H. Hasanuddin, Muktaridha Muktaridha
Medical treatment of severe blood loss during labor is crucial, and the early warning indicator of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is essential for labor medical treatment. Measurement of blood loss conventionally looks dirty, reluctant, and less hygienic since some of the blood might be spilled out in the maternity bed, while commercially existing pads have low blood absorption capacity. A new design composite pad composed of absorbent materials including cellulose rayon, super absorbent polymer (SAP), and zeolite was fabricated and characterized. The SAP and zeolite show properties as crystalline and amorphous materials, respectively. The surface area of natural zeolite was 19.79 (m2/g). The newly fabricated composite pad showed a high blood absorption capacity (>500–600 mL) with a blood absorption rate of 55.56–85.84 mL/min (depending on the blood volume), showing better performance as compared to the commercial pads. These characteristics suggest that the new composite pad could function not only as a sanitary pad but also as an early warning indicator for PPH if the rate and blood volume reach the dangerous category (≥600 mL or at ≥13 mL/min rate).
{"title":"New zeolite-based composite pads with high-volume blood absorption for early warning of postpartum hemorrhage","authors":"Sulastri Sulastri, T. Siregar, Muhammad Adlim, H. Hasanuddin, Muktaridha Muktaridha","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i2.835","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.835","url":null,"abstract":"Medical treatment of severe blood loss during labor is crucial, and the early warning indicator of postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is essential for labor medical treatment. Measurement of blood loss conventionally looks dirty, reluctant, and less hygienic since some of the blood might be spilled out in the maternity bed, while commercially existing pads have low blood absorption capacity. A new design composite pad composed of absorbent materials including cellulose rayon, super absorbent polymer (SAP), and zeolite was fabricated and characterized. The SAP and zeolite show properties as crystalline and amorphous materials, respectively. The surface area of natural zeolite was 19.79 (m2/g). The newly fabricated composite pad showed a high blood absorption capacity (>500–600 mL) with a blood absorption rate of 55.56–85.84 mL/min (depending on the blood volume), showing better performance as compared to the commercial pads. These characteristics suggest that the new composite pad could function not only as a sanitary pad but also as an early warning indicator for PPH if the rate and blood volume reach the dangerous category (≥600 mL or at ≥13 mL/min rate).","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141826819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dewi Indiastari, Jhonny K. Fajar, Fredo Tamara, Odis Runesi, Lukman N. Hakim, Kusnul Chotimah, Alinda Rahmani, Teguh D. Saputro, Dian Afrilla, Ervin Firmansyah, Daniel Dau, V. Dzhyvak
Assessing the acceptance of the monkeypox vaccine is crucial for the success of vaccination programs, yet the prevalence reports remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the global prevalence of monkeypox vaccine acceptance and identify its associated factors. A meta-analysis was conducted with a comprehensive search strategy on the following databases, including Scopus, Embase, and PubMed, for articles published up to April 5, 2024. This study utilizes a single-arm meta-analysis to calculate the pooled prevalence of monkeypox vaccine acceptance. A Z-test was employed to identify factors associated with the vaccine acceptance. Our study analyzed 51 articles encompassing 98,746 participants, revealing an overall monkeypox vaccine acceptance rate of 65%. Notably, the highest acceptance rates were observed among men who have sex with men (MSMs), while healthcare workers (HCWs) showed the lowest acceptance rates. Additionally, our findings indicated an increased acceptance in individuals with educational attainment beyond a bachelor’s degree, a history of COVID-19 and influenza vaccination, homosexual orientation, and HIV-positive status. Conversely, lower acceptance risk was associated with those with educational attainment below a bachelor's degree, heterosexual orientation, and bisexual orientation. In conclusion, our current study has determined the rate of monkeypox vaccine acceptance and identified its associated factors. These findings offer valuable insights as the foundation for targeted policies to manage and increase acceptance rates.
评估对猴痘疫苗的接受程度对于疫苗接种计划的成功与否至关重要，但有关接种率的报告仍无定论。本研究旨在确定猴痘疫苗的全球接受率，并找出其相关因素。本研究采用荟萃分析的方法，在Scopus、Embase和PubMed等数据库中对截至2024年4月5日发表的文章进行了全面检索。本研究采用单臂荟萃分析法计算猴痘疫苗接受率。采用Z检验来确定与疫苗接受度相关的因素。我们的研究分析了51篇文章，涉及98746名参与者，结果显示猴痘疫苗的总体接受率为65%。值得注意的是，男男性行为者（MSMs）的接受率最高，而医护人员（HCWs）的接受率最低。此外，我们的研究结果表明，受教育程度超过学士学位、有 COVID-19 和流感疫苗接种史、同性恋取向和 HIV 阳性的人对疫苗的接受度更高。相反，教育程度低于学士学位、异性恋倾向和双性恋倾向者的接受风险较低。总之，我们目前的研究确定了猴痘疫苗的接受率，并找出了其相关因素。这些发现为制定有针对性的政策以管理和提高接受率提供了宝贵的依据。
{"title":"Global prevalence and determinants associated with the acceptance of monkeypox vaccination","authors":"Dewi Indiastari, Jhonny K. Fajar, Fredo Tamara, Odis Runesi, Lukman N. Hakim, Kusnul Chotimah, Alinda Rahmani, Teguh D. Saputro, Dian Afrilla, Ervin Firmansyah, Daniel Dau, V. Dzhyvak","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i2.866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.866","url":null,"abstract":"Assessing the acceptance of the monkeypox vaccine is crucial for the success of vaccination programs, yet the prevalence reports remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to determine the global prevalence of monkeypox vaccine acceptance and identify its associated factors. A meta-analysis was conducted with a comprehensive search strategy on the following databases, including Scopus, Embase, and PubMed, for articles published up to April 5, 2024. This study utilizes a single-arm meta-analysis to calculate the pooled prevalence of monkeypox vaccine acceptance. A Z-test was employed to identify factors associated with the vaccine acceptance. Our study analyzed 51 articles encompassing 98,746 participants, revealing an overall monkeypox vaccine acceptance rate of 65%. Notably, the highest acceptance rates were observed among men who have sex with men (MSMs), while healthcare workers (HCWs) showed the lowest acceptance rates. Additionally, our findings indicated an increased acceptance in individuals with educational attainment beyond a bachelor’s degree, a history of COVID-19 and influenza vaccination, homosexual orientation, and HIV-positive status. Conversely, lower acceptance risk was associated with those with educational attainment below a bachelor's degree, heterosexual orientation, and bisexual orientation. In conclusion, our current study has determined the rate of monkeypox vaccine acceptance and identified its associated factors. These findings offer valuable insights as the foundation for targeted policies to manage and increase acceptance rates.","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141831297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. I. Bani, Zulkarnain Zulkarnain, G. Gholib, Dedy Syahrizal, T. P. Nugraha, Akmal Ramadhan, Muslim Akmal, Nora Maulina
Infertility rates have risen significantly, one of which is due to monosodium glutamate (MSG) consumption. Recent studies have shown that flavonoids in black garlic (Allium sativum) act as antioxidants. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of black garlic extract (BGE) on gonadosomatic index, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and spermatozoa quality in rats exposed to MSG. Twenty-five healthy rats, aged ten to twelve weeks, were divided equally into five experimental groups: (1) negative control (NC), no intervention; (2) positive control (PC), fed with MSG 8 mg/kg; and (3) fed with MSG + BGE 200 mg/kg; (4) fed with MSG + BGE 400 mg/kg; and (5) fed with MSG + BGE 600 mg/kg. Oral MSG was administered once a day for two weeks before BGE administration was started for two weeks. The measured endpoints were gonadosomatic index, FSH levels, and spermatozoa concentration and quality (spermatozoa motility and abnormality). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's post hoc analysis was used to assess the measurement differences. The result suggested that the administration of BGE did not significantly affect the gonadosomatic index (p=0.513). Significant decreases in FSH levels (p=0.005) and spermatozoa concentration were observed in the PC group compared to other groups (p<0.001). Additionally, spermatozoa motility was significantly lower in the PC group compared to NC, BGE200, BGE400, and BGE600 (p<0.001), with higher motility noted in BGE200, BGE400, and BGE600 compared to PC (p<0.001). Furthermore, PC had significantly higher spermatozoa abnormalities compared to NC, BGE200, BGE400, and BGE600 (p<0.001). In conclusion, administration of BGE had a significant effect on the improvement of FSH levels and the quality of spermatozoa in rats exposed to MSG.
{"title":"Effect of black garlic (Allium sativum) on gonadosomatic index, follicle-stimulating hormone level and spermatozoa quality: A study in monosodium glutamate-exposed rat model","authors":"I. I. Bani, Zulkarnain Zulkarnain, G. Gholib, Dedy Syahrizal, T. P. Nugraha, Akmal Ramadhan, Muslim Akmal, Nora Maulina","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i2.617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.617","url":null,"abstract":"Infertility rates have risen significantly, one of which is due to monosodium glutamate (MSG) consumption. Recent studies have shown that flavonoids in black garlic (Allium sativum) act as antioxidants. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of black garlic extract (BGE) on gonadosomatic index, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and spermatozoa quality in rats exposed to MSG. Twenty-five healthy rats, aged ten to twelve weeks, were divided equally into five experimental groups: (1) negative control (NC), no intervention; (2) positive control (PC), fed with MSG 8 mg/kg; and (3) fed with MSG + BGE 200 mg/kg; (4) fed with MSG + BGE 400 mg/kg; and (5) fed with MSG + BGE 600 mg/kg. Oral MSG was administered once a day for two weeks before BGE administration was started for two weeks. The measured endpoints were gonadosomatic index, FSH levels, and spermatozoa concentration and quality (spermatozoa motility and abnormality). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's post hoc analysis was used to assess the measurement differences. The result suggested that the administration of BGE did not significantly affect the gonadosomatic index (p=0.513). Significant decreases in FSH levels (p=0.005) and spermatozoa concentration were observed in the PC group compared to other groups (p<0.001). Additionally, spermatozoa motility was significantly lower in the PC group compared to NC, BGE200, BGE400, and BGE600 (p<0.001), with higher motility noted in BGE200, BGE400, and BGE600 compared to PC (p<0.001). Furthermore, PC had significantly higher spermatozoa abnormalities compared to NC, BGE200, BGE400, and BGE600 (p<0.001). In conclusion, administration of BGE had a significant effect on the improvement of FSH levels and the quality of spermatozoa in rats exposed to MSG.","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141830993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Indah TS. Pohan, A. P. Tarigan, P. Pandia, Erna Mutiara
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder and is among the top ten causes of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, highlighting the need for effective management strategies. This study aimed to evaluate changes in asthma knowledge levels before and after using the "Paru Sehat" smartphone application for digital education. A quasi-experimental study using a pre- and post-test design was conducted over three months at the outpatient clinic of Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, among asthma patients aged over 18 years. The patients completed the Patient Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (PAKQ) before installing the "Paru Sehat" application to establish baseline knowledge. Once a week, patients received reminders to access materials covering an asthma overview, peak flow meter use, medication differences, and management techniques. After four weeks of intervention, the participants' knowledge was reassessed using the PAKQ. Data were analyzed using either paired Student's t-test or Wilcoxon test to assess the improvement in knowledge. The results showed increases in knowledge about asthma in general, asthma triggers, and asthma diagnosis domains, with the median score in each domain rising by one point (p=0.003, p=0.001, and p=0.002, respectively). The asthma management domain exhibited the largest change, with a median increase of two points (p<0.001). The total scores increased by an average of five points (p<0.001), indicating an overall improvement in patient knowledge about asthma. The "Paru Sehat" application demonstrated significant potential in enhancing asthma knowledge across multiple domains. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effectiveness of the application in diverse populations and settings, ultimately contributing to improved asthma management and patient outcomes.
{"title":"Role of digital education through smartphones in improving knowledge among asthma patients: A preliminary study","authors":"Indah TS. Pohan, A. P. Tarigan, P. Pandia, Erna Mutiara","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i2.657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.657","url":null,"abstract":"Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disorder and is among the top ten causes of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia, highlighting the need for effective management strategies. This study aimed to evaluate changes in asthma knowledge levels before and after using the \"Paru Sehat\" smartphone application for digital education. A quasi-experimental study using a pre- and post-test design was conducted over three months at the outpatient clinic of Universitas Sumatera Utara Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, among asthma patients aged over 18 years. The patients completed the Patient Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire (PAKQ) before installing the \"Paru Sehat\" application to establish baseline knowledge. Once a week, patients received reminders to access materials covering an asthma overview, peak flow meter use, medication differences, and management techniques. After four weeks of intervention, the participants' knowledge was reassessed using the PAKQ. Data were analyzed using either paired Student's t-test or Wilcoxon test to assess the improvement in knowledge. The results showed increases in knowledge about asthma in general, asthma triggers, and asthma diagnosis domains, with the median score in each domain rising by one point (p=0.003, p=0.001, and p=0.002, respectively). The asthma management domain exhibited the largest change, with a median increase of two points (p<0.001). The total scores increased by an average of five points (p<0.001), indicating an overall improvement in patient knowledge about asthma. The \"Paru Sehat\" application demonstrated significant potential in enhancing asthma knowledge across multiple domains. Further research is warranted to explore the long-term effectiveness of the application in diverse populations and settings, ultimately contributing to improved asthma management and patient outcomes.","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141640318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anwar Lubis, Hadi Riyadi, A. Khomsan, R. Rimbawan, Indhira Shagti
Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a global health concern that affects children and leads to delayed growth. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of F100 milk and Bregas Nutriroll, a local ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), on SAM children. An unmasked, non-blinded, two-group, and simple randomized controlled trial was conducted. Indonesian children aged 12–59 months with SAM were randomly assigned to receive either F100 milk or Bregas Nutriroll. After eight weeks, the increase in the mean weight gain in both groups was assessed. The Bregas Nutriroll group (n=19) had a mean weight gain of 1.07±0.09 kg, while the F100 group (n=17) had a mean weight gain of 1.05±0.11 kg. The Bregas Nutriroll group had a slightly higher gain of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) than the F100 group (0.62±0.34 cm vs 0.50±0.37 cm). The gain of children’s height of the Bregas Nutriroll group was 0.96±0.42 cm, while the F100 group was shorter at a mean of 0.81±0.44 cm. Statistically significant differences (p<0.001) in nutritional status were observed based on weight, MUAC, and height/length after F100 and Bregas Nutriroll interventions. The intervention with F100 increased hemoglobin (Hb) levels of 0.71±1.25 mg/dL, while the Bregas Nutriroll intervention led to an increase of 0.11±1.39 mg/dL. In conclusion, our study showed that community-based treatment with F100 milk or Bregas Nutriroll resulted in nutritional status in children with SAM. These findings suggested that both treatments could be effective in treating SAM in improving nutritional status and child health outcomes.
{"title":"Remedial effects of Formula-100 therapeutic milk and Bregas Nutriroll ready-to-use therapeutic food on Indonesian children with severe acute malnutrition: A randomized controlled trial study","authors":"Anwar Lubis, Hadi Riyadi, A. Khomsan, R. Rimbawan, Indhira Shagti","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i2.846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.846","url":null,"abstract":"Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is a global health concern that affects children and leads to delayed growth. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of F100 milk and Bregas Nutriroll, a local ready-to-use therapeutic food (RUTF), on SAM children. An unmasked, non-blinded, two-group, and simple randomized controlled trial was conducted. Indonesian children aged 12–59 months with SAM were randomly assigned to receive either F100 milk or Bregas Nutriroll. After eight weeks, the increase in the mean weight gain in both groups was assessed. The Bregas Nutriroll group (n=19) had a mean weight gain of 1.07±0.09 kg, while the F100 group (n=17) had a mean weight gain of 1.05±0.11 kg. The Bregas Nutriroll group had a slightly higher gain of mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) than the F100 group (0.62±0.34 cm vs 0.50±0.37 cm). The gain of children’s height of the Bregas Nutriroll group was 0.96±0.42 cm, while the F100 group was shorter at a mean of 0.81±0.44 cm. Statistically significant differences (p<0.001) in nutritional status were observed based on weight, MUAC, and height/length after F100 and Bregas Nutriroll interventions. The intervention with F100 increased hemoglobin (Hb) levels of 0.71±1.25 mg/dL, while the Bregas Nutriroll intervention led to an increase of 0.11±1.39 mg/dL. In conclusion, our study showed that community-based treatment with F100 milk or Bregas Nutriroll resulted in nutritional status in children with SAM. These findings suggested that both treatments could be effective in treating SAM in improving nutritional status and child health outcomes.","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141645738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrianto Andrianto, H. Hermawan, P. M. Harsoyo, B. S. Zaini, A. R. Muhammad
Obesity has emerged as a worldwide health concern due to its increasing prevalence. Adipocytes have the ability to express angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors (ACE2) and several adipocytokines. These expressions could lead to the activation of a cytokine storm, which in turn promotes the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of perindopril and losartan exposure on the ACE2 and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in adipocyte cells. This study used an in vivo true experimental design utilizing a post-test-only control group. A total of 24 adult male albino rats were divided into four groups, one group served as the non-obese (negative control), while the other three groups were obese: (1) the positive control (untreated obese rats); (2) perindopril group (2 mg/kg BW/day orally for 4 weeks); and (3) losartan group (20 mg/kg BW/day for 4 weeks). Afterwards, the rats were euthanized, and the visceral fat tissue were obtained during dissection. The levels of ACE2 and IL-6 were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Losartan administration in obese rats resulted in a notable elevation in ACE2 levels compared to both the perindopril group (losartan vs perindopril, p=0.011) and the positive control (p=0.004). In addition, the treatment of perindopril and losartan in obese rats resulted in a significant reduction in IL-6 levels when compared to the positive control (perindopril vs positive control, p=0.020; losartan vs positive control, p=0.002, respectively). This study provides insight into the administration of perindopril and losartan, which could suppress the pro-inflammatory (IL-6) but increase the ACE2 levels in adipose tissue.
{"title":"Perindopril and losartan affect ACE-2 and IL-6 expression in obese rat model","authors":"Andrianto Andrianto, H. Hermawan, P. M. Harsoyo, B. S. Zaini, A. R. Muhammad","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i2.681","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.681","url":null,"abstract":"Obesity has emerged as a worldwide health concern due to its increasing prevalence. Adipocytes have the ability to express angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors (ACE2) and several adipocytokines. These expressions could lead to the activation of a cytokine storm, which in turn promotes the development of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of perindopril and losartan exposure on the ACE2 and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in adipocyte cells. This study used an in vivo true experimental design utilizing a post-test-only control group. A total of 24 adult male albino rats were divided into four groups, one group served as the non-obese (negative control), while the other three groups were obese: (1) the positive control (untreated obese rats); (2) perindopril group (2 mg/kg BW/day orally for 4 weeks); and (3) losartan group (20 mg/kg BW/day for 4 weeks). Afterwards, the rats were euthanized, and the visceral fat tissue were obtained during dissection. The levels of ACE2 and IL-6 were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Losartan administration in obese rats resulted in a notable elevation in ACE2 levels compared to both the perindopril group (losartan vs perindopril, p=0.011) and the positive control (p=0.004). In addition, the treatment of perindopril and losartan in obese rats resulted in a significant reduction in IL-6 levels when compared to the positive control (perindopril vs positive control, p=0.020; losartan vs positive control, p=0.002, respectively). This study provides insight into the administration of perindopril and losartan, which could suppress the pro-inflammatory (IL-6) but increase the ACE2 levels in adipose tissue.","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141648732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. D. Lubis, B. B. Nasution, A. Lubis, Kelvin Supriami
Pediatric patients with multiple organ failures in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are at a higher risk of mortality. Assessing the mortality risk when patients are admitted to PICU is important to allocate treatment and care properly. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the PRISM IV score within the first 24 and 72 hours to predict mortality in the PICU. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected to compute the PRISM IV in the first 24 and 72 hours among critically ill pediatric patients in the PICU at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, from April 2021 to February 2022. The comparison of the PRISM IV scores and its components within the first 24 and 72 hours was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, Student’s independent t-test or McNemar test. The role of PRISM IV score in predicting mortality was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Out of 35 pediatric patients, 17 (48.6%) of them died. Platelet count (p=0.022), pCO2 (p=0.026), HCO3 (p=0.009), total CO2 (p=0.015), and base excess (p=0.001) were statistically different between 24 and 72 hours groups. The area under curve (AUC) for the first 24 hours using PRISM IV scores was 47.4% with p=0.792 (95%CI, 27.7%–67.1%). Meanwhile, the AUC of 72 hours group was 65.4%, p=0.121 (95%CI, 47.1%–83.6%). This study suggested that PRISM IV scores in the first 24 and 72 hours may not be a reliable screening tool for predicting mortality. However, further studies are suggested to validate these findings.
在儿科重症监护室（PICU）中，患有多器官功能衰竭的儿科患者的死亡风险较高。在患者入住 PICU 时评估其死亡风险对于合理分配治疗和护理非常重要。本研究旨在比较 PRISM IV 评分在最初 24 小时和 72 小时内预测 PICU 死亡率的性能。2021 年 4 月至 2022 年 2 月期间，印度尼西亚棉兰市 H. Adam Malik 综合医院收集了 PICU 重症儿科患者的人口统计学、临床和实验室数据，以计算前 24 小时和 72 小时的 PRISM IV 评分。PRISM IV评分及其组成部分在最初24小时和72小时内的比较采用Wilcoxon检验、学生独立t检验或McNemar检验进行分析。 PRISM IV评分在预测死亡率方面的作用采用接收者操作特征曲线（ROC）进行评估。在 35 名儿科患者中，17 人（48.6%）死亡。血小板计数（p=0.022）、pCO2（p=0.026）、HCO3（p=0.009）、总二氧化碳（p=0.015）和碱过量（p=0.001）在 24 小时组和 72 小时组之间存在统计学差异。前 24 小时使用 PRISM IV 评分的曲线下面积（AUC）为 47.4%，p=0.792（95%CI，27.7%-67.1%）。同时，72 小时组的 AUC 为 65.4%，p=0.121（95%CI，47.1%-83.6%）。这项研究表明，PRISM IV 在最初 24 小时和 72 小时的评分可能不是预测死亡率的可靠筛查工具。不过，建议进一步研究以验证这些发现。
{"title":"Role of pediatric risk of mortality (PRISM IV) score at 24 and 72 hours of hospitalization in predicting mortality among critically ill pediatric patients treated in PICU","authors":"A. D. Lubis, B. B. Nasution, A. Lubis, Kelvin Supriami","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i2.780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.780","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric patients with multiple organ failures in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are at a higher risk of mortality. Assessing the mortality risk when patients are admitted to PICU is important to allocate treatment and care properly. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of the PRISM IV score within the first 24 and 72 hours to predict mortality in the PICU. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were collected to compute the PRISM IV in the first 24 and 72 hours among critically ill pediatric patients in the PICU at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia, from April 2021 to February 2022. The comparison of the PRISM IV scores and its components within the first 24 and 72 hours was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test, Student’s independent t-test or McNemar test. The role of PRISM IV score in predicting mortality was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Out of 35 pediatric patients, 17 (48.6%) of them died. Platelet count (p=0.022), pCO2 (p=0.026), HCO3 (p=0.009), total CO2 (p=0.015), and base excess (p=0.001) were statistically different between 24 and 72 hours groups. The area under curve (AUC) for the first 24 hours using PRISM IV scores was 47.4% with p=0.792 (95%CI, 27.7%–67.1%). Meanwhile, the AUC of 72 hours group was 65.4%, p=0.121 (95%CI, 47.1%–83.6%). This study suggested that PRISM IV scores in the first 24 and 72 hours may not be a reliable screening tool for predicting mortality. However, further studies are suggested to validate these findings.","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141654596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, also known as Müllerian aplasia, is a congenital condition characterized by uterine and upper vaginal aplasia. It affects females with a normal female karyotype and typical secondary sex characteristics. The aim of this case report was to highlight the multidisciplinary management approach for MRKH syndrome, focusing on tailored interventions to address physical and psychological challenges and improve reproductive prospects. A 26-year-old married female presented to Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (AVBRH), Sawangi, Wardha, India in January 2023 with primary amenorrhea. Physical examination revealed a blind vagina and a hypoplastic uterus, indicative of MRKH syndrome. Further evaluation, including pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), confirmed Müllerian duct abnormalities and bilateral ovarian anomalies. The absence of a functional vagina significantly impacted the patient's quality of life, leading to difficulties with sexual intercourse and emotional distress related to infertility. A collaborative approach involving a gynecologist and a psychiatrist at AVBRH was initiated to address these challenges. The patient underwent vaginoplasty to create a neovagina, enhancing the sexual function and intimate relationship with the spouse. However, due to the hypoplastic uterus, achieving motherhood through traditional means was not possible. Therefore, assisted reproductive techniques, in particular surrogacy, were explored. Normal, functional ovaries were harvested from the patient for use in surrogacy procedures. This comprehensive management strategy exemplifies the challenges associated with MRKH syndrome and underscores the importance of tailored interventions and long-term follow-up. The case highlights the significance of collaborative care in improving the quality of life and reproductive prospects for individuals with MRKH syndrome.
{"title":"Comprehensive management of Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome management: A case report","authors":"Sanskar Mishra, Bhagyesh Sapkale, Shreya Singh, Asha Jha, Kamlesh Chaudhari","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i2.755","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.755","url":null,"abstract":"Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, also known as Müllerian aplasia, is a congenital condition characterized by uterine and upper vaginal aplasia. It affects females with a normal female karyotype and typical secondary sex characteristics. The aim of this case report was to highlight the multidisciplinary management approach for MRKH syndrome, focusing on tailored interventions to address physical and psychological challenges and improve reproductive prospects. A 26-year-old married female presented to Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital (AVBRH), Sawangi, Wardha, India in January 2023 with primary amenorrhea. Physical examination revealed a blind vagina and a hypoplastic uterus, indicative of MRKH syndrome. Further evaluation, including pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), confirmed Müllerian duct abnormalities and bilateral ovarian anomalies. The absence of a functional vagina significantly impacted the patient's quality of life, leading to difficulties with sexual intercourse and emotional distress related to infertility. A collaborative approach involving a gynecologist and a psychiatrist at AVBRH was initiated to address these challenges. The patient underwent vaginoplasty to create a neovagina, enhancing the sexual function and intimate relationship with the spouse. However, due to the hypoplastic uterus, achieving motherhood through traditional means was not possible. Therefore, assisted reproductive techniques, in particular surrogacy, were explored. Normal, functional ovaries were harvested from the patient for use in surrogacy procedures. This comprehensive management strategy exemplifies the challenges associated with MRKH syndrome and underscores the importance of tailored interventions and long-term follow-up. The case highlights the significance of collaborative care in improving the quality of life and reproductive prospects for individuals with MRKH syndrome.","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramadan fasting is widely acknowledged for its positive impacts on health, yet it also presents inherent risks, prompting a need for comprehensive exploration into its metabolic implications and its effects on diabetes. This study introduces a novel methodology called systematic literature network analysis (SLNA), which merges bibliometric analysis with systematic literature review (SLR). The aim of this study was to examine the global research landscape concerning Ramadan fasting, metabolism, and diabetes. Through the systematic search strategy, 206 relevant documents were analyzed. Through co-occurrence analysis mapping, the study uncovered four distinct cluster groups, revealing intricate relationships and evolving trends within the field. Moreover, the trajectory of research publications on Ramadan fasting from 2001 to 2023 was tracked, highlighting a growing interest in this domain. The bibliometric analysis emphasized a consensus regarding the beneficial effects of Ramadan fasting on individual health, particularly in improving lipid profiles, managing body weight, regulating glucose levels, and nutrient intake. However, significant variations in research focus were observed across predominantly Muslim countries, with notable exceptions like Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam absent among the top contributors. Furthermore, the analysis shed light on the balanced selection of research subjects by authors, indicating a nuanced approach to exploring the multifaceted aspects of Ramadan fasting, metabolism, and diabetes. These findings offer significant perspectives for researchers aiming to contextualize their studies within the wider conversation on this subject, thereby aiding in a more profound comprehension of the intricate relationship between fasting, metabolic functions, and the management of diabetes.
{"title":"Metabolism and diabetes in Ramadan fasting: Exploring health trends and relationships through systematic literature network analysis","authors":"Baharuddin Baharuddin, Adi Wijaya","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i2.850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i2.850","url":null,"abstract":"Ramadan fasting is widely acknowledged for its positive impacts on health, yet it also presents inherent risks, prompting a need for comprehensive exploration into its metabolic implications and its effects on diabetes. This study introduces a novel methodology called systematic literature network analysis (SLNA), which merges bibliometric analysis with systematic literature review (SLR). The aim of this study was to examine the global research landscape concerning Ramadan fasting, metabolism, and diabetes. Through the systematic search strategy, 206 relevant documents were analyzed. Through co-occurrence analysis mapping, the study uncovered four distinct cluster groups, revealing intricate relationships and evolving trends within the field. Moreover, the trajectory of research publications on Ramadan fasting from 2001 to 2023 was tracked, highlighting a growing interest in this domain. The bibliometric analysis emphasized a consensus regarding the beneficial effects of Ramadan fasting on individual health, particularly in improving lipid profiles, managing body weight, regulating glucose levels, and nutrient intake. However, significant variations in research focus were observed across predominantly Muslim countries, with notable exceptions like Indonesia and Brunei Darussalam absent among the top contributors. Furthermore, the analysis shed light on the balanced selection of research subjects by authors, indicating a nuanced approach to exploring the multifaceted aspects of Ramadan fasting, metabolism, and diabetes. These findings offer significant perspectives for researchers aiming to contextualize their studies within the wider conversation on this subject, thereby aiding in a more profound comprehension of the intricate relationship between fasting, metabolic functions, and the management of diabetes.","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141665915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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