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Relationship between interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels and chest X-ray severity scoring in COVID-19 patients COVID-19 患者的白细胞介素-6 (IL-6) 水平与胸部 X 光严重程度评分之间的关系
Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.690
Alzi Kardiasyah, Fajrinur Syarani, Syamsul Bihar, Netty D. Lubis, Erna Mutiara, Hafid Syahputra
The severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may be measured by interleukin-6 (IL-6) and chest X-rays. Brixia score of the chest radiographs is usually used to monitor COVID-19 patients’ lung problems. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the relationship between IL-6 levels and chest radiographs (Brixia score) that represent COVID-19 severity. A retrospective cohort study was conducted among COVID-19 patients who had a chest X-ray and examination of IL-6 levels at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan, Indonesia. A multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the association between IL-6 levels and the severity of the chest radiograph. A total of 76 COVID-19 patients were included in the study and 39.5% of them were 60–69 years old, with more than half were female (52.6%). A total of 17.1%, 48.7%, and 34.2% had IL-6 level of <7 pg/mL, 7–50 pg/mL and >50 pg/mL, respectively. There were 39.5%, 36.8% and 23.7% of the patients had mild, moderate and severe chest X-rays based on Brixia score, respectively. Statistics analysis revealed that moderate (OR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.05–3.32) and severe (OR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.03–3.35) lung conditions in the chest X-rays were significantly associated with IL-6 levels of 7–50 pg/mL. IL-6 more than 50 pg/mL was associated with severe chest X-ray condition (OR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.15–3.34). In conclusion, high IL-6 levels significantly reflected COVID-19 severity through chest X-rays in COVID-19 patients.
冠状病毒病 2019(COVID-19)的严重程度可通过白细胞介素-6(IL-6)和胸部 X 光片来衡量。胸片的 Brixia 评分通常用于监测 COVID-19 患者的肺部问题。本研究旨在证明 IL-6 水平与代表 COVID-19 严重程度的胸部 X 光片(Brixia 评分)之间的关系。研究人员在印度尼西亚棉兰市 H. Adam Malik 综合医院对接受过胸部 X 光检查和 IL-6 水平检测的 COVID-19 患者进行了一项回顾性队列研究。研究人员进行了多项式逻辑回归分析,以评估IL-6水平与胸片严重程度之间的关联。研究共纳入了76名COVID-19患者,其中39.5%的患者年龄在60-69岁之间,一半以上为女性(52.6%)。分别有 17.1%、48.7% 和 34.2% 的患者 IL-6 水平达到 50 pg/mL。根据布里夏评分,分别有 39.5%、36.8% 和 23.7% 的患者有轻度、中度和重度胸部 X 光检查。统计分析表明,胸部 X 光片中的中度(OR:1.77;95% CI:1.05-3.32)和重度(OR:1.33;95% CI:1.03-3.35)肺部状况与 IL-6 水平 7-50 pg/mL 显著相关。IL-6 超过 50 pg/mL 与严重的胸部 X 光状况相关(OR:1.97;95% CI:1.15-3.34)。总之,COVID-19 患者的高 IL-6 水平可通过胸部 X 光片显著反映 COVID-19 的严重程度。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of pegagan (Centella asiatica) nanoparticle coated with chitosan on the cytokine profile of chronic diabetic mice 壳聚糖包覆的积雪草纳米颗粒对慢性糖尿病小鼠细胞因子谱的影响
Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.697
B. Muchtaromah, Ana MK. Firdaus, Arif NM. Ansori, M. R. Duhita, E. B. Minarno, Alfiah Hayati, Mujahidin Ahmad, Izza Analisa
Diabetes is closely related to immune response problems when it occurs chronically. Pegagan (Centella asiatica) is a medicinal plant with active compounds. Madecassoside is beneficial in treating diabetes, and nanoparticle technology is expected to enhance the medicinal potential and availability of pegagan compounds. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of chitosan-coated pegagan nanoparticles on the cytokine profile of chronic diabetic mice, which included CD4+TNF-α+, CD8+TNF-α+, CD4+IFN-γ+, CD8+IFN-γ+ and IL-6+. An experimental study with a randomized complete block design (CRD) consisting of six treatments with seven replicates was conducted. The groups were: healthy mice as negative control; diabetic mice treated with distilled water as positive control and diabetic mice treated with nanoparticle coated with chitosan (NPC) 20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg, 40 mg/kg, and metformin 130 mg/kgBW. The data were tested using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a significance level of 5% and continued with the Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that pegagan NPC could significantly reduce the relative number of CD4+TNF-α+, CD8+TNF-α+, CD4+IFN-γ+ and CD8+IFN-γ+ and IL-6 in the dose of 20 mg/kg, 30 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg (p<0.05). The treatment dose of 20 mg/kg reduced CD4+TNF-α+, CD8+TNF-α+, CD4+IFN-γ+, CD8+IFN-γ+ to the levels of healthy mice and a dose of 30 mg/kg could reduce IL-6 as in healthy mice. These findings suggest that chitosan-coated pegagan nanoparticles are a promising therapy for diabetes, as they have the potential to modulate the immune response associated with chronic diabetes.
慢性糖尿病与免疫反应问题密切相关。积雪草是一种含有活性化合物的药用植物。积雪草苷对治疗糖尿病有益,纳米颗粒技术有望提高积雪草化合物的药用潜力和可用性。本研究旨在确定壳聚糖包衣的培加根纳米颗粒对慢性糖尿病小鼠细胞因子谱的影响,包括 CD4+TNF-α+、CD8+TNF-α+、CD4+IFN-γ+、CD8+IFN-γ+ 和 IL-6+。实验研究采用随机完全区组设计(CRD),包括六个处理和七个重复。各组分别为:以健康小鼠为阴性对照组;以蒸馏水处理的糖尿病小鼠为阳性对照组;以纳米壳聚糖(NPC)20 毫克/千克、30 毫克/千克、40 毫克/千克和二甲双胍 130 毫克/千克体重处理的糖尿病小鼠。数据采用单因素方差分析(ANOVA)进行检验,显著性水平为 5%,然后继续进行邓肯多重范围检验。结果表明,在20 mg/kg、30 mg/kg和40 mg/kg剂量下,培根能明显降低CD4+TNF-α+、CD8+TNF-α+、CD4+IFN-γ+、CD8+IFN-γ+和IL-6的相对数量(P<0.05)。治疗剂量为 20 毫克/千克时,CD4+TNF-α+、CD8+TNF-α+、CD4+IFN-γ+、CD8+IFN-γ+ 可降至健康小鼠的水平;治疗剂量为 30 毫克/千克时,IL-6 可降至健康小鼠的水平。这些研究结果表明,壳聚糖包被的培加根纳米粒子是一种很有前景的糖尿病疗法,因为它们具有调节与慢性糖尿病相关的免疫反应的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Association between NT-proBNP level and the number of stents with major advanced cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease treated with percutaneous coronary intervention: A prospective cohort study 经皮冠状动脉介入治疗的多支血管冠状动脉疾病患者中,NT-proBNP 水平和支架数量与主要晚期心血管事件 (MACE) 之间的关系:前瞻性队列研究
Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.710
Muhammad Subkhan, T. Heriansyah, Haris Munirwan, Adi Purnawarman, H. Dimiati
Complex revascularization strategies, particularly complete revascularization, are controversial in coronary artery disease (CAD), and data supporting routine revascularization in stable CAD is lacking. The importance of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in CAD and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), which has been studied as a predictor of major advanced cardiovascular events (MACE) in CAD patients, still requires further research. The aim of this study was to determine the association between NT-proBNP levels and the number of stents with MACE incidence in CAD cases. A prospective cohort study was conducted in both types of CAD (acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and chronic coronary syndrome (CCS)). The NT-proBNP levels were measured pre- and post-PCI using fluorescence immunoassay, while MACE was assessed three months post-PCI. The Student t-test was used to compare the levels of NT-proBNP between pre- and post-PCI and between those who had MACE and did not; both in patients treated with single or multiple stenting groups. A total of 32 CAD patients were recruited, consisting of 20 ACS cases and 12 CCS cases. NT-proBNP levels post-PCI increased significantly in both ACS and CCS patients compared to pre-PCI either among those treated with single and multiple stentings. MACE occurred in 4 (12.5%) out of a total of 32 patients, all of which occurred in ACS patients treated with multiple stentings. Those who had MACE had higher post-PCI NT-proBNP levels compared to those who did not have MACE (23,703.50 vs 11,600.17 pg/mL, p=0.013). This study highlights the association between elevated NT-proBNP levels and multiple stenting with the presence of MACE in CAD patients, particularly in ACS cases.
复杂的血管再通策略,尤其是完全血管再通,在冠状动脉疾病(CAD)中尚存在争议,而且缺乏支持稳定型 CAD 常规血管再通的数据。经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)在 CAD 中的重要性和 N 端前脑钠尿肽(N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)作为 CAD 患者主要晚期心血管事件(MACE)的预测因子仍有待进一步研究。本研究旨在确定 NT-proBNP 水平和支架数量与 CAD 病例中 MACE 发生率之间的关系。该研究对两种类型的 CAD(急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)和慢性冠状动脉综合征(CCS))进行了前瞻性队列研究。采用荧光免疫测定法测定冠状动脉造影术前后的 NT-proBNP 水平,并在冠状动脉造影术后三个月评估 MACE。采用学生 t 检验来比较冠状动脉造影术前和冠状动脉造影术后的 NT-proBNP 水平,以及发生 MACE 的患者和未发生 MACE 的患者之间的 NT-proBNP 水平;两组患者均接受单支架或多支架治疗。共招募了 32 例 CAD 患者,其中包括 20 例 ACS 患者和 12 例 CCS 患者。在接受单个或多个支架治疗的患者中,与PCI前相比,PCI后ACS和CCS患者的NT-proBNP水平均显著升高。在总共 32 例患者中,有 4 例(12.5%)发生了 MACE,全部发生在接受多重支架治疗的 ACS 患者中。发生 MACE 的患者与未发生 MACE 的患者相比,PCI 后 NT-proBNP 水平更高(23703.50 vs 11600.17 pg/mL,P=0.013)。这项研究强调了NT-proBNP水平升高和多次支架置入与CAD患者出现MACE之间的关联,尤其是在ACS病例中。
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引用次数: 0
Association between chest X-ray score and clinical outcome in COVID-19 patients: A study on modified radiographic assessment of lung edema score (mRALE) in Indonesia COVID-19患者胸部X光评分与临床结果之间的关系:印度尼西亚肺水肿改良放射学评估评分(mRALE)研究
Pub Date : 2024-04-06 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.691
Dwi RP. Rahayu, M. Rusli, Bramantono Bramantono, Anita Widyoningroem
Radiological examinations such as chest X-rays (CXR) play a crucial role in the early diagnosis and determining disease severity in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Various CXR scoring systems have been developed to quantitively assess lung abnormalities in COVID-19 patients, including CXR modified radiographic assessment of lung edema (mRALE). The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between mRALE scores and clinical outcome (mortality), as well as to identify the correlation between mRALE score and the severity of hypoxia (PaO2/FiO2 ratio). A retrospective cohort study was conducted among hospitalized COVID-19 patients at Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia, from February to April 2022. All CXR data at initial admission were scored using the mRALE scoring system, and the clinical outcomes at the end of hospitalization were recorded. Of the total 178 COVID-19 patients, 62.9% survived after completing the treatment. Patients within non-survived had significantly higher quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score (p<0.001), lower PaO2/FiO2 ratio (p=0.004), and higher blood urea nitrogen (p<0.001), serum creatinine (p<0.008) and serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (p=0.001) levels. There was a significant relationship between mRALE score and clinical outcome (survived vs deceased) (p=0.024; contingency coefficient of 0.184); and mRALE score of ≥2.5 served as a risk factor for mortality among COVID-19 patients (relative risk of 1.624). There was a significant negative correlation between the mRALE score and PaO2/FiO2 ratio based on the Spearman correlation test (r=-0.346; p<0.001). The findings highlight that the initial mRALE score may serve as an independent predictor of mortality among hospitalized COVID-19 patients as well as proves its potential prognostic role in the management of COVID-19.
胸部 X 光(CXR)等放射学检查在 2019 年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的早期诊断和确定疾病严重程度方面发挥着至关重要的作用。目前已开发出多种 CXR 评分系统来量化评估 COVID-19 患者的肺部异常情况,包括 CXR 肺水肿改良放射学评估(mRALE)。本研究旨在确定 mRALE 评分与临床结果(死亡率)之间的关系,以及 mRALE 评分与缺氧严重程度(PaO2/FiO2 比值)之间的相关性。2022 年 2 月至 4 月,印度尼西亚泗水苏托莫博士综合学术医院对 COVID-19 住院患者进行了一项回顾性队列研究。研究人员使用mRALE评分系统对患者入院时的所有CXR数据进行评分,并记录了住院结束时的临床结果。在178名COVID-19患者中,62.9%的患者在完成治疗后存活。未存活患者的快速序贯器官衰竭评估(qSOFA)评分明显更高(p<0.001),PaO2/FiO2比值更低(p=0.004),血尿素氮(p<0.001)、血清肌酐(p<0.008)和血清谷草转氨酶(p=0.001)水平更高。mRALE 评分与临床结果(存活与死亡)之间存在明显关系(p=0.024;或然系数为 0.184);mRALE 评分≥2.5 是 COVID-19 患者死亡的风险因素(相对风险为 1.624)。根据斯皮尔曼相关性检验,mRALE 评分与 PaO2/FiO2 比率之间存在明显的负相关(r=-0.346;p<0.001)。研究结果表明,初始 mRALE 评分可作为 COVID-19 住院患者死亡率的独立预测指标,并证明了其在 COVID-19 治疗中的潜在预后作用。
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引用次数: 0
Norwegian scabies in human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis-infected child: A case report 人类免疫缺陷病毒和结核病感染儿童的挪威疥疮:病例报告
Pub Date : 2024-03-28 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.661
Hendri Wijaya, Fini Kollins, Inke ND. Lubis, A. Pasaribu, Rita Evalina, K. A. Nababan, D. A. Paramita
Norwegian scabies is a rare scabies with the manifestation of thick crusts of the extremities of the skin that contain eggs and mites. Several conditions in which scabies infection is easily transmitted include immunocompromised, home nursing, and severe neurological disorder. The aim of this case report was to present a thorough analysis of a comprehensive resource for the management of Norwegian scabies patients, with a specific focus on individuals who also have HIV or other immunocompromising diseases.  A 1-year-and-7-month-old boy was presented to the hospital with a chief complaint of a thick crust that he had experienced for four months. It began as a red papule in the lower extremity, then crusted and spread to the whole body. The patient kept scratching due to itching, had a recurrent fever and diarrhea for three months, and cough for one month. The patient was diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and pulmonary tuberculosis at three months, suspected to get the infection from the parents. Sarcoptes scabiei was found from microscopy examination of skin scraping. The patient received holistic treatment, including antiretroviral drugs, antituberculosis medication, scabies treatment, and malnutrition treatment. Appropriate scabies treatment aimed at peeling crusted skin, relieving itching, and increasing the patient ability to use the extremities. Comorbidity conditions caused by HIV and pulmonary tuberculosis should also be treated to optimize the outcome. The patient was discharged in good condition with sanitation education and regular follow-up at the outpatient clinic. This case highlights that Sarcoptes scabiei infestation may be a clue to an immunocompromised condition. Holistic therapy aiming to cure underlying infection, infestation and underlying nutrition and psychosocial problems must be addressed to fully cure this high-burden case.
挪威疥疮是一种罕见的疥疮,表现为四肢皮肤结厚痂,内含虫卵和螨虫。容易感染疥疮的几种情况包括免疫力低下、家庭护理和严重的神经系统疾病。本病例报告旨在全面分析挪威疥疮患者管理的综合资源,重点关注同时患有艾滋病或其他免疫功能低下疾病的患者。 一名一岁零七个月大的男孩到医院就诊,主诉是四个月来身上一直有一层厚厚的痂。一开始是下肢的红色丘疹,后来结痂并扩散到全身。患者因瘙痒不断搔抓,反复发烧和腹泻三个月,咳嗽一个月。三个月后,患者被诊断为人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)和肺结核,怀疑是从父母那里感染的。从皮肤刮片的显微镜检查中发现了疥螨。患者接受了综合治疗,包括抗逆转录病毒药物、抗结核药物、疥疮治疗和营养不良治疗。适当的疥疮治疗旨在剥离结痂的皮肤,缓解瘙痒,提高患者使用四肢的能力。此外,还应治疗由艾滋病毒和肺结核引起的合并症,以优化治疗效果。通过卫生教育和门诊的定期随访,患者康复出院。本病例强调,疥螨感染可能是免疫力低下的线索。要彻底治愈这个高负担病例,必须采取综合治疗,以治愈潜在的感染、侵袭以及潜在的营养和社会心理问题。
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引用次数: 0
Comparative analysis of short-chain fatty acid levels in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis rat model: Impact of high-fat high-fructose (HFHF), high fat, and Western diets 非酒精性脂肪性肝炎大鼠模型中短链脂肪酸水平的比较分析:高脂高果糖(HFHF)、高脂和西式饮食的影响
Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.670
Syifa Mustika, Dian Handayani, Achmad Rudijanto, Dewi Santosaningsih, M. Mariyatun, Mifta Gatya, P. C. Pramesi, Endang S. Rahayu, Jhonny K. Fajar
The evidence on the role of diets in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was limited. The aim of this study was to assess the potential effects of high-fat high-fructose (HFHF), high-fat, and Western diets on the levels of SCFA. A research experiment employing a post-test-only control group design was carried out from January to April 2022. A total of 27 rats were randomly allocated to each study group. SCFA was measured two weeks after diet administration. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to analyze the differences among groups, and the effect estimate of each group was analyzed using post hoc Tukey. The concentrations of SCFAs post HFHF diets were recorded as follows: acetic acid at 54.60±10.58 mmol/g, propionic acid at 28.03±8.81 mmol/g, and butyric acid at 4.23±1.68 mmol/g. Following the high-fat diet, acetic acid measured 61.85±14.25 mmol/gr, propionic acid measured 25.19±5.55 mmol/gr, and butyric acid measured 6.10±2.93 mmol/gr. After the administration of Western diet, the levels of SCFA were 68.18±25.73, 29.69±12.76, and 7.48±5.51 mmol/g for acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid, respectively. The level of butyric acid was significantly lower in HFHF diet group compared to the normal diet (mean difference (MD) 6.34; 95%CI: 0.61, 12.04; p=0.026). The levels of acetic acid (p=0.419) and propionic acid (p=0.316) were not statistically different among diet types (HFHF, high-fat, and Western diet). In conclusion, HFHF diet is associated with a lower level of butyric acid than the normal diet in a rat model.
有关膳食在短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)产生中的作用的证据很有限。本研究旨在评估高脂高果糖(HFHF)、高脂和西式饮食对 SCFA 水平的潜在影响。2022 年 1 月至 4 月期间进行了一项研究实验,该实验采用了只进行后测对照组的设计。共有 27 只大鼠被随机分配到每个研究组。在饮食给药两周后测量 SCFA。采用方差分析(ANOVA)检验分析各组之间的差异,并采用事后Tukey分析各组的效应估计值。高脂饮食后 SCFAs 的浓度记录如下:乙酸为 54.60±10.58 mmol/g,丙酸为 28.03±8.81 mmol/g,丁酸为 4.23±1.68 mmol/g。高脂膳食后,乙酸含量为(61.85±14.25)毫摩尔/克,丙酸含量为(25.19±5.55)毫摩尔/克,丁酸含量为(6.10±2.93)毫摩尔/克。与正常饮食相比,HFHF 饮食组的丁酸水平明显较低(平均差(MD)为 6.34;95%CI:0.61,12.04;P=0.026)。乙酸(p=0.419)和丙酸(p=0.316)的水平在不同饮食类型(HFHF、高脂和西式饮食)之间没有统计学差异。总之,在大鼠模型中,HFHF 饮食与丁酸水平低于正常饮食有关。
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引用次数: 0
Wound healing effect of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) cream on second-degree burn in animal model 肉豆蔻(Myristica fragrans)膏对动物模型二度烧伤的伤口愈合效果
Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.621
Ciecielia Angilia, N. L. Sary, R. Indah, S. Suryawati, Bianda S. Farsa, Haya A. Zeir, Fauzan Fajri, Fauzul Husna
Second-degree burn, the most common among burn degrees, underscores the importance of timely and proper treatment in influencing prognosis. Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), renowned for its potent antibacterial and antifungal properties, also serves as an effective antiseptic for open wounds. The aim of this study was to identify the phytochemical constituents of nutmeg essential oil and analyze the wound healing effect of nutmeg cream on second-degree burns in an animal model. An experimental study with a completed randomized design was conducted on Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar rats with second-degree burn. This study had four groups and each group consisting of four rats: B (burn-treated base cream), B+N (burn-treated 3% nutmeg cream), B+SSD (burn-treated silver sulfadiazine (BSS)), and B+N+SSD (burn-treated 3% nutmeg cream and SSD in a 1:1 ratio). The phytochemical analysis of nutmeg essential oil was conducted by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The burn diameter and burn wound healing percentage were measured from day 0 to 18. One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc analysis using the least significant difference (LSD) was employed to analysis the effect. The phytochemical analysis of nutmeg essential oil found that myristicin, terpinene-4-ol, terpinene, safrole and terpinolene were the most abundant putative compounds in nutmeg essential oil. On day 0, the average burn wound diameters were 1.4 cm in all groups and increases were observed in all groups in day 3. The wound diameter decreased until day 18 with the smallest burn wound diameter was found in the B+N group (0.86±0.37 cm), followed by B+SSD (0.93±0.29 cm). The B+SSD group exhibited the highest percentage of burn wound healing (56.80±14.05%), which was significantly different from the base cream (p<0.05). The percentage of burn wound healing in rats given 3% nutmeg cream was 41.88±13.81% suggesting that nutmeg cream could promote burn wound healing in rats induced by second-degree burns.
二度烧伤是烧伤中最常见的程度,因此及时和适当的治疗对预后的影响非常重要。肉豆蔻(Myristica fragrans)以其强大的抗菌和抗真菌特性而闻名,也是开放性伤口的有效防腐剂。本研究旨在确定肉豆蔻精油的植物化学成分,并分析肉豆蔻膏对动物模型二度烧伤的伤口愈合效果。本研究以二度烧伤的野鼠品系 Wistar 大鼠为对象,采用完全随机设计法进行实验研究。该研究分为四组,每组四只大鼠:B(灼伤处理过的基础药膏)、B+N(灼伤处理过的 3% 肉豆蔻膏)、B+SSD(灼伤处理过的磺胺嘧啶银(BSS))和 B+N+SSD(灼伤处理过的 3% 肉豆蔻膏和 SSD 以 1:1 的比例混合)。肉豆蔻精油的植物化学分析采用气相色谱和质谱法(GC-MS)进行。第 0 至 18 天测量烧伤直径和烧伤创面愈合率。采用单因素方差分析和最小显著性差异(LSD)的事后分析来分析效果。肉豆蔻精油的植物化学分析发现,肉豆蔻苷、萜品烯-4-醇、萜品烯、黄樟素和萜品烯是肉豆蔻精油中含量最高的假定化合物。第 0 天,各组烧伤创口的平均直径均为 1.4 厘米,第 3 天各组的创口直径均有所增加。烧伤创口直径在第 18 天前逐渐减小,B+N 组烧伤创口直径最小(0.86±0.37 厘米),其次是 B+SSD(0.93±0.29 厘米)。B+SSD 组的烧伤创面愈合率最高(56.80±14.05%),与基底霜有显著差异(P<0.05)。给予 3% 肉豆蔻膏的大鼠烧伤创面愈合率为 41.88±13.81%,表明肉豆蔻膏可促进二度烧伤大鼠的烧伤创面愈合。
{"title":"Wound healing effect of nutmeg (Myristica fragrans) cream on second-degree burn in animal model","authors":"Ciecielia Angilia, N. L. Sary, R. Indah, S. Suryawati, Bianda S. Farsa, Haya A. Zeir, Fauzan Fajri, Fauzul Husna","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i1.621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i1.621","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Second-degree burn, the most common among burn degrees, underscores the importance of timely and proper treatment in influencing prognosis. Nutmeg (Myristica fragrans), renowned for its potent antibacterial and antifungal properties, also serves as an effective antiseptic for open wounds. The aim of this study was to identify the phytochemical constituents of nutmeg essential oil and analyze the wound healing effect of nutmeg cream on second-degree burns in an animal model. An experimental study with a completed randomized design was conducted on Rattus norvegicus strain Wistar rats with second-degree burn. This study had four groups and each group consisting of four rats: B (burn-treated base cream), B+N (burn-treated 3% nutmeg cream), B+SSD (burn-treated silver sulfadiazine (BSS)), and B+N+SSD (burn-treated 3% nutmeg cream and SSD in a 1:1 ratio). The phytochemical analysis of nutmeg essential oil was conducted by gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The burn diameter and burn wound healing percentage were measured from day 0 to 18. One-way ANOVA followed by post hoc analysis using the least significant difference (LSD) was employed to analysis the effect. The phytochemical analysis of nutmeg essential oil found that myristicin, terpinene-4-ol, terpinene, safrole and terpinolene were the most abundant putative compounds in nutmeg essential oil. On day 0, the average burn wound diameters were 1.4 cm in all groups and increases were observed in all groups in day 3. The wound diameter decreased until day 18 with the smallest burn wound diameter was found in the B+N group (0.86±0.37 cm), followed by B+SSD (0.93±0.29 cm). The B+SSD group exhibited the highest percentage of burn wound healing (56.80±14.05%), which was significantly different from the base cream (p<0.05). The percentage of burn wound healing in rats given 3% nutmeg cream was 41.88±13.81% suggesting that nutmeg cream could promote burn wound healing in rats induced by second-degree burns.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"2 26","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140410555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of stretching exercises on muscle tension, fatigue, strength, and lactic acid accumulation: A pre-experimental study among fish transport workers 拉伸运动对肌肉紧张、疲劳、力量和乳酸堆积的影响:鱼类运输工人的实验前研究
Pub Date : 2024-02-28 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.627
Bina Kurniawan, M. Z. Rahfiludin, Y. Setyaningsih, N. Nurjazuli, Daru Lestantyo, Baju Widjasena, Siswi Jayanti
Fish transport workers in Indonesia lift loads more than the specified limits, both in weight and frequency. This could cause lactic acid accumulation, fatigue and reduced physical performance. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of stretching intervention on muscle tension, fatigue, strength, and lactic acid level in fish transport workers in Indonesia. A pre-experimental study design with one group (pre- and post-test) design was conducted among male fish transport workers at the Tawang fish auction, Weleri, Central Java, Indonesia, in June 2022 for two weeks. We created a 1.5-minute stretching exercise video based on the University of New Castle's Manual Handling guideline, involving hand, feet, and shoulder movements. Participants performed these exercises independently before and during work every two hours, guided by the video. Data on lactic acid, muscle tension, fatigue, and strength were collected before and after the 2-week intervention. Data analysis was performed using Wilcoxon and paired Student t-tests to compare the outcome between post- and pre-intervention. A total of 18 fish transport workers were included in the study. The results showed a statistically significant increase in lactic acid levels following the intervention (p=0.016). However, the increase in muscle tension was not statistically significant (p=0.292). There was a significant increase in fatigue levels after the intervention (p=0.000). This could suggest that the stretching intervention may have had an unintended effect of increasing fatigue among the participants. On the other hand, there was a statistically significant decrease in muscle strength after the intervention (p=0.003). In conclusion, this study suggests that while stretching exercises can affect lactic acid accumulation, fatigue, and muscle strength, they do not influence muscle tension. Therefore, it is advised for workers to incorporate stretching exercises into their daily routine to mitigate potential injury risks.
印尼的鱼类运输工人举起货物的重量和次数都超过了规定的限度。这可能会导致乳酸堆积、疲劳和体能下降。本研究旨在评估拉伸干预对印尼鱼类运输工人肌肉紧张、疲劳、力量和乳酸水平的影响。2022 年 6 月,我们在印度尼西亚中爪哇省韦勒里市塔旺鱼类拍卖场的男性鱼类运输工人中进行了为期两周的实验前研究,设计了一组(前测和后测)。我们根据新堡大学的《手动搬运指南》制作了一个 1.5 分钟的伸展运动视频,涉及手、脚和肩部动作。参与者在视频的指导下,每隔两小时在工作前和工作中独立进行这些练习。在为期两周的干预前后,收集了有关乳酸、肌肉紧张度、疲劳和力量的数据。数据分析采用 Wilcoxon 检验和配对学生 t 检验来比较干预前后的结果。共有 18 名鱼类运输工人参与了这项研究。结果显示,干预后乳酸水平的增加具有统计学意义(P=0.016)。然而,肌肉紧张度的增加在统计学上并不显著(P=0.292)。干预后,疲劳程度明显增加(p=0.000)。这可能表明,拉伸干预可能无意中增加了参与者的疲劳程度。另一方面,干预后肌肉力量出现了统计学意义上的显著下降(p=0.003)。总之,这项研究表明,虽然拉伸运动会影响乳酸堆积、疲劳和肌肉力量,但不会影响肌肉张力。因此,建议工人在日常工作中加入拉伸练习,以降低潜在的受伤风险。
{"title":"Effects of stretching exercises on muscle tension, fatigue, strength, and lactic acid accumulation: A pre-experimental study among fish transport workers","authors":"Bina Kurniawan, M. Z. Rahfiludin, Y. Setyaningsih, N. Nurjazuli, Daru Lestantyo, Baju Widjasena, Siswi Jayanti","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i1.627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i1.627","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Fish transport workers in Indonesia lift loads more than the specified limits, both in weight and frequency. This could cause lactic acid accumulation, fatigue and reduced physical performance. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of stretching intervention on muscle tension, fatigue, strength, and lactic acid level in fish transport workers in Indonesia. A pre-experimental study design with one group (pre- and post-test) design was conducted among male fish transport workers at the Tawang fish auction, Weleri, Central Java, Indonesia, in June 2022 for two weeks. We created a 1.5-minute stretching exercise video based on the University of New Castle's Manual Handling guideline, involving hand, feet, and shoulder movements. Participants performed these exercises independently before and during work every two hours, guided by the video. Data on lactic acid, muscle tension, fatigue, and strength were collected before and after the 2-week intervention. Data analysis was performed using Wilcoxon and paired Student t-tests to compare the outcome between post- and pre-intervention. A total of 18 fish transport workers were included in the study. The results showed a statistically significant increase in lactic acid levels following the intervention (p=0.016). However, the increase in muscle tension was not statistically significant (p=0.292). There was a significant increase in fatigue levels after the intervention (p=0.000). This could suggest that the stretching intervention may have had an unintended effect of increasing fatigue among the participants. On the other hand, there was a statistically significant decrease in muscle strength after the intervention (p=0.003). In conclusion, this study suggests that while stretching exercises can affect lactic acid accumulation, fatigue, and muscle strength, they do not influence muscle tension. Therefore, it is advised for workers to incorporate stretching exercises into their daily routine to mitigate potential injury risks.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"13 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Recent progress in the roles of microRNAs in pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease 微RNA在先天性心脏病相关肺动脉高压中作用的最新进展
Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.579
F. Siregar, A. B. Hartopo, Sofia Mubarika
Research on noncoding RNA, particularly microRNAs (miRNAs), is growing rapidly. Advances in genomic technologies have revealed the complex roles of miRNAs in pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) associated with congenital heart disease (CHD). It has been demonstrated that the progression of PAH associated with CHD is characterized by particular dysregulation of miRNAs and is related to cardiovascular remodeling, cell death, and right ventricle dysfunction. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the involvement of miRNAs in the pathogenesis and progression of PAH associated with CHD. We commence by explaining the process of miRNA synthesis and its mode of action, as well as the role of miRNA in PAH associated with CHD. Moreover, the article delves into current breakthroughs in research, potential clinical implications, and prospects for future investigations. The review provides the insight into novel approaches for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of PAH associated with CHD.
有关非编码 RNA,尤其是 microRNA(miRNA)的研究正在迅速发展。基因组技术的进步揭示了 miRNA 在与先天性心脏病(CHD)相关的肺动脉高压(PAH)中的复杂作用。研究表明,与先天性心脏病相关的 PAH 的进展以 miRNAs 的失调为特征,并与心血管重塑、细胞死亡和右心室功能障碍有关。本综述全面概述了目前有关 miRNA 参与 PAH 伴发冠心病的发病机制和进展的知识状况。我们首先解释了 miRNA 的合成过程及其作用模式,以及 miRNA 在与心脏病相关的 PAH 中的作用。此外,文章还深入探讨了当前的研究突破、潜在的临床影响以及未来研究的前景。这篇综述为诊断、预后和治疗与心脏疾病相关的 PAH 提供了新方法。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of face masks on dyspnea perception, cardiopulmonary parameters, and facial temperature in healthy adults 面罩对健康成年人呼吸困难感、心肺参数和面部温度的影响
Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i1.574
Natanael Ramoti, Andre MP. Siahaan, Suzy Indharty, Cut A. Adella
Respiratory droplets, naturally produced during expiration, can transmit pathogens from infected individuals. Wearing a face mask is crucial to prevent such transmission, yet the perception of dyspnea and uncomfortable breathing remains a common concern, particularly during epidemics. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of face mask use on the perception of dyspnea, cardiopulmonary parameters, and facial temperature during physical activity. A randomized crossover study was conducted on healthy adults at a physiology laboratory located in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, in November 2022. Participants underwent five stages of physical exercise tests based on the Bruce Protocol under three conditions: without any face mask (control), wearing a surgical mask, and an N95 mask, forming the study's main groups. Dyspnea perception (measured by the Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale), cardiopulmonary parameters (heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure) and facial temperature were measured before the exercise test (pre-workout), at the end of stage 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and after the whole exercise test (post-workout). A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted, considering two factors: the type of mask (control, surgical mask, N95 mask) and the various stages of the exercise test. A total of 36 healthy adults were included in the study. We found that dyspnea perception was much worse in the N95 mask group, particularly during vigorous exercise. There was no significant difference between groups in cardiopulmonary parameters. However, participants wearing N95 had a greater supralabial temperature than those wearing surgical masks or no mask at all. It is recommended to undertake a more in-depth evaluation of cardiopulmonary physiological measures.
呼气时自然产生的呼吸道飞沫会传播来自感染者的病原体。佩戴口罩对防止这种传播至关重要,但呼吸困难和呼吸不适的感觉仍然是一个普遍关注的问题,尤其是在流行病期间。本研究旨在调查戴口罩对运动时呼吸困难感、心肺参数和面部温度的影响。这项随机交叉研究于 2022 年 11 月在印度尼西亚棉兰苏门答腊大学医学院的生理实验室进行,对象是健康成年人。参与者在不戴任何口罩(对照组)、佩戴外科口罩和 N95 口罩这三种条件下,根据布鲁斯协议进行了五个阶段的体育锻炼测试,形成了研究的主要组别。分别在运动测试前(运动前)、第一、二、三、四、五阶段结束时和整个运动测试后(运动后)测量呼吸困难感(用改良博格呼吸困难量表测量)、心肺参数(心率、血氧饱和度、呼吸频率、血压和平均动脉压)和面部温度。进行了双向重复测量方差分析,考虑了两个因素:口罩类型(对照组、外科口罩、N95 口罩)和运动测试的不同阶段。共有 36 名健康成年人参与了研究。我们发现,N95 口罩组的呼吸困难感要差得多,尤其是在剧烈运动时。各组之间的心肺参数没有明显差异。不过,与佩戴外科口罩或完全不佩戴口罩的人相比,佩戴 N95 口罩的人的唇上温度更高。建议对心肺生理指标进行更深入的评估。
{"title":"Effect of face masks on dyspnea perception, cardiopulmonary parameters, and facial temperature in healthy adults","authors":"Natanael Ramoti, Andre MP. Siahaan, Suzy Indharty, Cut A. Adella","doi":"10.52225/narra.v4i1.574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52225/narra.v4i1.574","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Respiratory droplets, naturally produced during expiration, can transmit pathogens from infected individuals. Wearing a face mask is crucial to prevent such transmission, yet the perception of dyspnea and uncomfortable breathing remains a common concern, particularly during epidemics. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of face mask use on the perception of dyspnea, cardiopulmonary parameters, and facial temperature during physical activity. A randomized crossover study was conducted on healthy adults at a physiology laboratory located in the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia, in November 2022. Participants underwent five stages of physical exercise tests based on the Bruce Protocol under three conditions: without any face mask (control), wearing a surgical mask, and an N95 mask, forming the study's main groups. Dyspnea perception (measured by the Modified Borg Dyspnea Scale), cardiopulmonary parameters (heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure) and facial temperature were measured before the exercise test (pre-workout), at the end of stage 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and after the whole exercise test (post-workout). A two-way repeated measures ANOVA was conducted, considering two factors: the type of mask (control, surgical mask, N95 mask) and the various stages of the exercise test. A total of 36 healthy adults were included in the study. We found that dyspnea perception was much worse in the N95 mask group, particularly during vigorous exercise. There was no significant difference between groups in cardiopulmonary parameters. However, participants wearing N95 had a greater supralabial temperature than those wearing surgical masks or no mask at all. It is recommended to undertake a more in-depth evaluation of cardiopulmonary physiological measures. \u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":507105,"journal":{"name":"Narra J","volume":"12 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140427569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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