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Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) and Other Industry 4.0 Technologies in Spare Parts Warehousing in the Oil and Gas Industry: A Systematic Literature Review 工业物联网 (IIoT) 和其他工业 4.0 技术在石油天然气行业备件仓储中的应用:系统性文献综述
Pub Date : 2024-02-06 DOI: 10.3390/logistics8010016
Natalia Khan, W. Solvang, Hao Yu
Background: Spare parts warehousing in the oil and gas industry is essential for offshore production. With the introduction of Industry 4.0 and its subsequent technological tools, new functions are enabled in industrial logistics activities. Efficiency, visibility, optimization, and productivity are often mentioned as benefits of successful Industry 4.0 technology implementation in logistics activities. In this paper, the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies such as the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) in spare parts warehousing in the oil and gas industry is studied. Method: 133 peer-reviewed journal publications indexed in Scopus and Web of Science are analyzed in a systematic literature review. The review is structured as frequency and content analysis. Aim: As there is limited research on this specific topic, the aim is for this paper to be a theoretical foundation that assists the industry with future solutions. Results: The list of benefits of implementation gathered from the literature is comprehensive. However, the list of challenges is particularly pertinent to the oil and gas industry and indicates a strong inclination towards limited and controlled implementation of some technologies. The safety demands of the industry mean there are many limitations to implementation currently. Conclusions: This paper reflects on the results, identifies research gaps, and gives proposals for future research.
背景:石油和天然气行业的备件仓储对海上生产至关重要。随着工业 4.0 及其后续技术工具的引入,工业物流活动的新功能得以实现。在物流活动中成功实施工业 4.0 技术的好处通常包括效率、可视性、优化和生产力。本文研究了工业 4.0 技术,如工业物联网(IIoT)在石油和天然气行业备件仓储中的应用。研究方法对 Scopus 和 Web of Science 索引的 133 篇同行评审期刊出版物进行了系统的文献综述分析。综述采用频率分析和内容分析的结构。目的:由于对这一特定主题的研究有限,本文旨在为该行业未来的解决方案奠定理论基础。结果:从文献中收集到的实施效益清单非常全面。然而,挑战清单与石油和天然气行业尤为相关,表明了对某些技术的有限和受控实施的强烈倾向。该行业的安全要求意味着目前在实施方面存在许多限制。结论:本文对研究结果进行了反思,指出了研究空白,并对未来研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
A Bayesian Optimization Approach for Tuning a Grouping Genetic Algorithm for Solving Practically Oriented Pickup and Delivery Problems 贝叶斯优化方法用于调整分组遗传算法,以解决实际取货和送货问题
Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.3390/logistics8010014
Cornelius Rüther, Julia Rieck
Background: The Multi Depot Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows and Heterogeneous Vehicle Fleets (MDPDPTWHV) is a strongly practically oriented routing problem with many real-world constraints. Due to its complexity, solution approaches with sufficiently good quality ideally contain several operators with certain probabilities.Thus, automatically selecting the best parameter configurations enhances the overall solution quality. Methods: To solve the MDPDPTWHV, we present a Grouping Genetic Algorithm (GGA) framework with several operators and population management variants. A Bayesian Optimization (BO) approach is introduced to optimize the GGA’s parameter configuration. The parameter tuning is evaluated on five data sets which differ in several structural characteristics and contain 1200 problem instances. The outcomes of the parameter-tuned GGA are compared to both the initial GGA parameter configuration and a state-of-the-art Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS). Results: The presented GGA framework achieves a better solution quality than the ALNS, even for the initial parameter configuration used. The mean value of the relative error is less than 0.9% and its standard deviation is less than 1.31% for every problem class. For the ALNS, these values are up to three times higher and the GGA is up to 38% faster than the ALNS. Conclusions: It is shown that the BO, as a parameter tuning approach, is a good choice in improving the performance of the considered meta-heuristic over all instances in each data set. In addition, the best parameter configuration per problem class with the same characteristics is able to improve both the frequency of finding the best solution, as well as the relative error to this solution, significantly.
背景:具有时间窗口和异构车辆车队的多仓库取货和交货问题(MDPDPTWHV)是一个强烈的面向实际的路由问题,具有许多现实世界的约束条件。因此,自动选择最佳参数配置可提高整体求解质量。方法为了求解 MDPDPTWHV,我们提出了一个包含多个算子和种群管理变体的分组遗传算法(GGA)框架。我们引入了贝叶斯优化(BO)方法来优化 GGA 的参数配置。参数调整在五个数据集上进行了评估,这五个数据集的结构特征各不相同,包含 1200 个问题实例。参数调整后的 GGA 结果与初始 GGA 参数配置和最先进的自适应大邻域搜索 (ALNS) 进行了比较。结果:所提出的 GGA 框架比 ALNS 获得了更好的解决方案质量,即使是所使用的初始参数配置也是如此。对于每一类问题,相对误差的平均值都小于 0.9%,标准偏差小于 1.31%。而对于 ALNS,这些数值最多可高出三倍,GGA 比 ALNS 快 38%。结论结果表明,作为一种参数调整方法,BO 是一种很好的选择,可以在每个数据集的所有实例中提高所考虑的元启发式的性能。此外,具有相同特征的每类问题的最佳参数配置能够显著提高找到最佳解决方案的频率,以及该解决方案的相对误差。
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引用次数: 0
A Bayesian Optimization Approach for Tuning a Grouping Genetic Algorithm for Solving Practically Oriented Pickup and Delivery Problems 贝叶斯优化方法用于调整分组遗传算法,以解决实际取货和送货问题
Pub Date : 2024-02-04 DOI: 10.3390/logistics8010014
Cornelius Rüther, Julia Rieck
Background: The Multi Depot Pickup and Delivery Problem with Time Windows and Heterogeneous Vehicle Fleets (MDPDPTWHV) is a strongly practically oriented routing problem with many real-world constraints. Due to its complexity, solution approaches with sufficiently good quality ideally contain several operators with certain probabilities.Thus, automatically selecting the best parameter configurations enhances the overall solution quality. Methods: To solve the MDPDPTWHV, we present a Grouping Genetic Algorithm (GGA) framework with several operators and population management variants. A Bayesian Optimization (BO) approach is introduced to optimize the GGA’s parameter configuration. The parameter tuning is evaluated on five data sets which differ in several structural characteristics and contain 1200 problem instances. The outcomes of the parameter-tuned GGA are compared to both the initial GGA parameter configuration and a state-of-the-art Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search (ALNS). Results: The presented GGA framework achieves a better solution quality than the ALNS, even for the initial parameter configuration used. The mean value of the relative error is less than 0.9% and its standard deviation is less than 1.31% for every problem class. For the ALNS, these values are up to three times higher and the GGA is up to 38% faster than the ALNS. Conclusions: It is shown that the BO, as a parameter tuning approach, is a good choice in improving the performance of the considered meta-heuristic over all instances in each data set. In addition, the best parameter configuration per problem class with the same characteristics is able to improve both the frequency of finding the best solution, as well as the relative error to this solution, significantly.
背景:具有时间窗口和异构车辆车队的多仓库取货和交货问题(MDPDPTWHV)是一个强烈的面向实际的路由问题,具有许多现实世界的约束条件。因此,自动选择最佳参数配置可提高整体求解质量。方法为了求解 MDPDPTWHV,我们提出了一个包含多个算子和种群管理变体的分组遗传算法(GGA)框架。我们引入了贝叶斯优化(BO)方法来优化 GGA 的参数配置。参数调整在五个数据集上进行了评估,这五个数据集的结构特征各不相同,包含 1200 个问题实例。参数调整后的 GGA 结果与初始 GGA 参数配置和最先进的自适应大邻域搜索 (ALNS) 进行了比较。结果:所提出的 GGA 框架比 ALNS 获得了更好的解决方案质量,即使是所使用的初始参数配置也是如此。对于每一类问题,相对误差的平均值都小于 0.9%,标准偏差小于 1.31%。而对于 ALNS,这些数值最多可高出三倍,GGA 比 ALNS 快 38%。结论结果表明,作为一种参数调整方法,BO 是一种很好的选择,可以在每个数据集的所有实例中提高所考虑的元启发式的性能。此外,具有相同特征的每类问题的最佳参数配置能够显著提高找到最佳解决方案的频率,以及该解决方案的相对误差。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the Impact of Completion Time and Perceived Workload in Pickers-to-Parts Order-Picking Technologies: Evidence from Laboratory Experiments 调查拣货员对零件订单拣选技术中完成时间和感知工作量的影响:来自实验室实验的证据
Pub Date : 2024-01-30 DOI: 10.3390/logistics8010013
Nikolaos Chondromatidis, Anastasios Gialos, V. Zeimpekis, Michael Madas
Background: Despite the general impression that digital order-picking supportive technologies can manage a series of emerging challenges, there is still a very limited amount of research concerning the implementation and evaluation of such technologies in manual picker-to-goods order-picking systems. Therefore, this paper aims to evaluate the performance of three alternative picker-to-goods technologies (i.e., Pick-by-Radio Frequency (RF) Scanner, Pick-to-light, and Pick-by-vision) in terms of completion time and perceived workload. Methods: The Design of Experiments (DoE) methodology is adopted to investigate order-picking technologies in terms of completion time. More specifically, a full factorial design has been used (23 × 3 full factorial design) for the assessment of the aforementioned order-picking technologies via laboratory testing. Furthermore, for the comparative assessment of the reviewed order-picking technologies in terms of workload, the NASA Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) is embraced by system users. Results: The results reveal that the best picker-to-goods technology in terms of order-picking completion time and perceived workload under certain laboratory setup is light picking when combined with few items per order line and many order lines per order. Conclusion: The paper successfully identified the best picker-to-goods technology, however it is important to mention that the adoption of such order-picking technology implies certain managerial implications that include training programs for employees to ensure they are proficient in using such technologies, upfront costs for purchasing and implementing the order picking system, and adjustments to existing workflows.
背景:尽管人们普遍认为数字订单拣选辅助技术可以应对一系列新出现的挑战,但有关在人工拣货系统中实施和评估此类技术的研究仍然非常有限。因此,本文旨在从完成时间和感知工作量的角度,评估三种可供选择的拣货技术(即射频扫描仪拣货、灯光拣货和可视拣货)的性能。实验方法采用实验设计(DoE)方法研究订单拣选技术的完成时间。具体来说,采用全因子设计(23 × 3 全因子设计),通过实验室测试对上述订单拣选技术进行评估。此外,为比较评估所审查的订单拣选技术的工作量,系统用户采用了 NASA 任务负荷指数(NASA-TLX)。结果:结果表明,在特定的实验室设置下,就订单拣选完成时间和感知工作量而言,最佳的拣选器到货物技术是轻型拣选,即每条订单线只有少量物品,且每张订单有多条订单线。结论本文成功地确定了最佳的拣货技术,但必须指出的是,采用这种订单拣选技术对管理有一定的影响,包括员工培训计划以确保他们熟练使用这种技术、购买和实施订单拣选系统的前期成本以及对现有工作流程的调整。
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引用次数: 0
Selecting Indicators to Assess the Sustainability of Urban Freight Transport Using a Multi-Criteria Analysis 利用多重标准分析法选择评估城市货运可持续性的指标
Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.3390/logistics8010012
Hana Ayadi, Mounir Benaissa, N. Hamani, L. Kermad
Background: Urban freight transport has recently garnered significant attention from both professionals and academics due to its pivotal role in fostering economic and social development. Despite notable progress, this sector faces challenges that hinder its long-term sustainability. Addressing these issues and ensuring the lasting sustainability of urban freight transport require a thorough assessment and monitoring process utilizing specific indicators. Methods: This paper introduces a set of indicators developed using a three-step methodology aimed at assessing the sustainability progress of urban freight transport. Initially, we present a long list of indicators drawn from the existing literature. Subsequently, we consider five essential properties: achievability, data availability, predictability, relevance, and comprehensibility. Lastly, we apply a multi-criteria analysis methodology that utilizes these properties to assess the long lists encountered during the selection process. The chosen indicators are those that do not register a value of “0” for any of the specified properties. To enhance reliability, the indicators are collaboratively identified by a minimum of two experts. Results: By carefully selecting 18 indicators based on five sustainability dimensions (economic, environmental, social/societal, political, and spatial), our approach ensures a robust evaluation framework. Conclusions: These indicators serve as valuable tools for stakeholders in comprehensively evaluating the sustainability aspects of urban freight transport.
背景:城市货运在促进经济和社会发展方面发挥着举足轻重的作用,因此近来备受专业人士和学术界的关注。尽管取得了显著进展,但该行业仍面临着阻碍其长期可持续发展的挑战。要解决这些问题并确保城市货运的持久可持续性,需要利用特定指标进行全面评估和监测。方法:本文介绍了一套采用三步法制定的指标,旨在评估城市货运的可持续性进展。首先,我们列出了从现有文献中提取的一长串指标。随后,我们考虑了五个基本属性:可实现性、数据可用性、可预测性、相关性和可理解性。最后,我们采用多重标准分析方法,利用这些特性来评估在选择过程中遇到的长长的清单。所选指标是那些在任何指定属性中都没有 "0 "值的指标。为提高可靠性,指标至少由两名专家共同确定。结果:通过根据五个可持续性维度(经济、环境、社会/社会、政治和空间)精心挑选 18 个指标,我们的方法确保了一个稳健的评估框架。结论这些指标是利益相关者全面评估城市货运可持续性方面的宝贵工具。
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引用次数: 0
Consumers’ Marketing Channel Choice and the Impact on Logistics and Operations: A Systematic Literature Review of the Fresh Food and Grocery Sector 消费者的营销渠道选择及其对物流和运营的影响:生鲜食品和杂货行业系统文献综述
Pub Date : 2024-01-16 DOI: 10.3390/logistics8010011
Hassan Alkhiyami, L. Kerbache, Majed Hadid
Background: Diverse marketing channels have been developed with the advent of digitalization. In the fresh food and grocery retail sector, consumers may have a large choice of channels to shop from. In this case, an analysis of their behavior is crucial for retailers. Therefore, the present paper provides a state-of-the-art review of existing papers dealing with consumers’ channel choice when buying groceries. Methods: A systematic literature review (SLR) is performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) procedure, identifying 36 research papers published in the last decade. Results: The results present the principal methodologies adopted by the analyzed research papers to address this topic, along with the various channels available to consumers to date. Other important outcomes of this review include the main variables that can affect consumer choice when deciding between the available channels and the limitations of the analyzed papers, along with suggestions for future research directions to address these limitations. Conclusions: This paper discusses the essential effects of consumers’ channel choice on the logistics and operation services of grocery retailers. It also provides an integrative framework linking the influencing factors of consumer choice with outcomes directly impacting grocery retailers’ logistics services.
背景:随着数字化时代的到来,多样化的营销渠道应运而生。在生鲜食品和杂货零售业,消费者可能有很多购物渠道可供选择。在这种情况下,分析消费者的行为对零售商至关重要。因此,本文对涉及消费者购买食品杂货时的渠道选择的现有论文进行了最新综述。研究方法按照系统性综述和元分析的首选报告项目(PRISMA)程序进行了系统性文献综述(SLR),确定了过去十年中发表的 36 篇研究论文。结果结果介绍了所分析的研究论文针对这一主题所采用的主要方法,以及迄今为止消费者可以使用的各种渠道。本综述的其他重要成果还包括:影响消费者在现有渠道中做出选择的主要变量、所分析论文的局限性,以及针对这些局限性提出的未来研究方向建议。结论:本文讨论了消费者渠道选择对杂货零售商物流和运营服务的重要影响。本文还提供了一个综合框架,将消费者选择的影响因素与直接影响杂货零售商物流服务的结果联系起来。
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引用次数: 0
Performance Evaluation of Retail Warehouses: A Combined MCDM Approach Using G-BWM and RATMI 零售仓库的性能评估:使用 G-BWM 和 RATMI 的组合式 MCDM 方法
Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.3390/logistics8010010
Abdullah M. Barasin, Ammar Y. Alqahtani, Anas A. Makki
Background: The retail sector has experienced significant growth in recent years, necessitating efficient supply chain management and sustainable logistics practices. Evaluating the performance of retail warehouses is crucial for meeting customer expectations and enhancing operational efficiency. Methods: This study employed a combined multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) approach, using the group best–worst method (G-BWM) for weighting criteria and ranking the alternatives based on the trace-to-median index (RATMI) for warehouse ranking. The performance criteria were cost, quality, time, productivity, and safety. Data were collected from four mega retail warehouses in the western region of Saudi Arabia for evaluation and analysis. Results: The evaluation of retail warehouse performance using the MCDM approach provided valuable insights for decision-makers and warehouse experts. The criteria weights were determined using the G-BWM, and the RATMI enabled the ranking of the warehouses based on their weighted performance scores. The results highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each warehouse, facilitating strategic planning, resource allocation, and operational improvements. Conclusions: This study presents a novel combined MCDM performance evaluation approach for retail warehouses. The study has implications for effective decision-making processes, resource allocation, and operational efficiency. Furthermore, it serves as a foundation for future research, exploring additional dimensions of warehouse performance and enabling sustainable logistics within the broader supply chain context.
背景:近年来,零售业经历了大幅增长,需要高效的供应链管理和可持续的物流实践。评估零售仓库的性能对于满足客户期望和提高运营效率至关重要。方法:本研究采用了综合多标准决策(MCDM)方法,使用组最佳-最差法(G-BWM)对标准进行加权,并根据从中位数到中位数指数(RATMI)对备选仓库进行排序。绩效标准包括成本、质量、时间、生产率和安全。数据收集自沙特阿拉伯西部地区的四个大型零售仓库,用于评估和分析。结果使用 MCDM 方法评估零售仓库绩效为决策者和仓库专家提供了宝贵的见解。使用 G-BWM 确定了标准权重,并通过 RATMI 根据加权绩效得分对仓库进行了排序。结果突出了每个仓库的优势和劣势,有助于战略规划、资源分配和运营改进。结论:本研究针对零售仓库提出了一种新颖的组合式 MCDM 绩效评估方法。该研究对有效的决策过程、资源分配和运营效率具有重要意义。此外,它还为今后的研究奠定了基础,探索了仓库绩效的其他方面,并在更广泛的供应链背景下实现了可持续物流。
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引用次数: 0
Efficient Humanitarian Logistics: Multi-Commodity Location–Inventory Model Incorporating Demand Probability and Consumption Coefficients 高效人道主义物流:包含需求概率和消费系数的多商品定位-库存模型
Pub Date : 2024-01-11 DOI: 10.3390/logistics8010009
Majid Mehrabi Delshad, Adel Pourghader Chobar, P. Ghasemi, Davoud Jafari
Background: A logistics network plan could be a major key issue due to its effect on supply chain effectiveness and responsiveness. This study aims to investigate the inventory location in the humanitarian logistics response stage using a three-level logistics network to integrate location–allocation problems such as warehouse location and shelter allocation to each facility, and then determine the inventory level in each warehouse. Methods: In this research, the center and its distribution, as well as the reduction in service-level costs due to inventory deficit, have been considered to increase the level of shelter services. In order to investigate the network, in this study, bi-objective mixed-integer linear programming (BOMILP) is presented. Results: The first objective is to reduce location costs and inventory costs that take into account probable demand, consumption factors, and transportation costs, and the second objective is to raise the level of services offered to victims in the model. The software programs GAMS win32, 25.1.2 and MATLAB have been utilized with numerical examples in various dimensions. Conclusions: To maximize the efficiency and quality of the service, first, the model was numerically solved, and then the location where the most commodities could be transported at the lowest possible cost was identified.
背景:物流网络计划会影响供应链的有效性和响应速度,因此是一个重要的关键问题。本研究旨在研究人道主义物流响应阶段的库存位置,利用三级物流网络整合位置分配问题,如仓库位置和每个设施的避难所分配,然后确定每个仓库的库存水平。方法:在本研究中,为了提高避难所服务水平,考虑了中心及其分布,以及因库存不足而降低服务水平成本的问题。为了研究该网络,本研究提出了双目标混合整数线性规划(BOMILP)。结果:第一个目标是降低考虑到可能需求、消费因素和运输成本的位置成本和库存成本,第二个目标是提高模型中为灾民提供的服务水平。使用了 GAMS win32、25.1.2 和 MATLAB 软件,并在不同维度上进行了数值示例。结论为了最大限度地提高服务效率和质量,首先对模型进行了数值求解,然后确定了可以最低成本运输最多商品的地点。
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引用次数: 0
Quick-Response Model for Pre- and Post-Disaster Evacuation and Aid Distribution: The Case of the Tula River Flood Event 灾前和灾后疏散与援助分配快速反应模型:图拉河洪水事件案例
Pub Date : 2024-01-06 DOI: 10.3390/logistics8010008
Francisca Santana-Robles, Eva Selene Hernández-Gress, Ricardo Martínez-López, I. González-Hernández
In humanitarian logistics, efficiently evacuating people during disasters poses a significant challenge. Comprehensive plans are essential for moving individuals from affected areas, encompassing both pre- and post-disaster phases. These plans must optimize resource usage, including public transportation, and consider those with mobility challenges. This paper focuses on evacuating and assisting individuals in temporary shelters, specifically in the Tula River region, Hidalgo State, Mexico. Despite the recurring nature of this challenge, there is a noticeable gap in the scientific literature addressing quick-response methods for decision-makers to adapt existing spaces as temporary shelters and efficiently evacuate people from risk areas. To bridge this gap, we introduce a methodology aiming to minimize evacuation and aid distribution costs. Leveraging established algorithms like integer linear programming, the model determines shelter activation, while the vehicle routing problem assesses aid delivery strategies. Our research identified optimal evacuation routes from 13 affected areas to 34 shelters and aid distribution from collection centers to affected zones. We analyzed the average evacuation times for different demand scenarios: original, increased by 10%, and decreased by 10%, considering the transport units allocated and the distances on Google Maps. This study also evaluates the costs associated with humanitarian aid distribution under varying collection strategies involving state and municipal governments.
在人道主义后勤工作中,如何在灾害期间高效疏散人员是一项重大挑战。全面的计划对于从灾区转移人员至关重要,包括灾前和灾后两个阶段。这些计划必须优化资源利用,包括公共交通,并考虑到那些行动不便的人。本文的重点是在墨西哥伊达尔戈州图拉河地区的临时避难所中疏散和协助人员。尽管这一挑战具有反复性,但在为决策者提供快速反应方法以将现有空间改造为临时避难所并从风险区域高效疏散人员方面,科学文献存在明显空白。为了弥补这一空白,我们介绍了一种旨在最大限度降低疏散和援助分配成本的方法。利用整数线性规划等既有算法,该模型可确定避难所的启用,而车辆路由问题则可评估援助物资的运送策略。我们的研究确定了从 13 个灾区到 34 个避难所的最佳疏散路线,以及从收集中心到灾区的援助分发路线。考虑到分配的运输单位和谷歌地图上的距离,我们分析了不同需求情况下的平均疏散时间:原始情况、增加 10%、减少 10%。本研究还评估了在州政府和市政府参与的不同收集策略下与人道主义援助分发相关的成本。
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引用次数: 0
Examination of Logistics Simulation Demand Related to Enterprises: Focusing on a Hungarian County 研究与企业相关的物流模拟需求:以匈牙利一个县为例
Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.3390/logistics8010007
K. Szabó, László Szabó, Richárd Kása
Background: Despite the fact that some results can be found for the logistics simulation in the literature, there is a lack of an experiment based on inner company data. Therefore, the study aimed to determine the potential need for this kind of solution by Zala County enterprises. Methods: As a first step, the paper presents the existing literature with the help of a literature review. Afterwards, questionnaire sampling was conducted among local enterprises. The paper applies several statistical methods (e.g., descriptive statistics, SPSS, exploratory factor analysis, and structural equation modeling) to the sample for the validation of the reorganization demand. Results: The study obtained a total of 147 complete responses from the 1022 invitations. An overwhelming majority of the respondents indicated regular and significant delays in their logistics processes, as well as the need for a new simulation method. Based on the SEM model, it has been observed that IT solutions are being utilized in an inefficient manner, resulting in logistical system issues and operational damages. Conclusion: The paper successfully identified a research gap, the research of which can have not only theoretical but also many practical benefits. Hopefully, the results will generate other academic research in this field.
背景:尽管在文献中可以找到一些物流模拟的结果,但缺乏基于公司内部数据的实验。因此,本研究旨在确定扎拉县企业对此类解决方案的潜在需求。研究方法首先,本文借助文献综述介绍了现有文献。随后,在当地企业中进行了问卷抽样调查。本文对样本采用了多种统计方法(如描述性统计、SPSS、探索性因素分析和结构方程模型)来验证重组需求。研究结果本研究从 1022 份邀请函中获得了 147 份完整的回复。绝大多数受访者表示,他们的物流流程经常出现严重延误,并且需要一种新的模拟方法。根据 SEM 模型,可以发现信息技术解决方案的使用效率低下,导致物流系统问题和运营受损。结论本文成功地发现了一个研究空白,对其进行研究不仅能带来理论上的益处,还能带来许多实际好处。希望这些成果能引发该领域的其他学术研究。
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引用次数: 0
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