Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.3390/proceedings2023091348
Kardelen Demirci, Ahmet Görgüç, Beyzanur Bayraktar, F. Yılmaz
: Inulin is a polysaccharide rich in dietary fiber and is widely used in functional foods due to its health-promoting properties. It has an important place in the current market, with the increasing demand for innovative formulations in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Jerusalem artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus ) tubers are an important source of inulin, and this polysaccharide can be extracted for industrial use. Green solvent extraction systems have been used in recent years due to advantages such as non-toxic and environmentally friendly properties, as well as reducing solvent usage compared to traditional methods. In this study, inulin powder production from Jerusalem artichoke was carried out by conventional (C), hydrotropic solvent (HS) and deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction methods, according to the experimental plans created by the response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of independent parameters such as temperature, time and solvent ratio on inulin yield were investigated. Also, the combined effects of extraction parameters were examined using three-dimensional response surface plots. The optimum process conditions were determined as 79 ◦ C process temperature, 36 min process time, 78 mL/g solvent ratio for C; 68 ◦ C, 53 min, 59 mL/g for HS; and 79 ◦ C, 51 min, 61 mL/g for DES. Among the extraction methods, HS provided the highest inulin yield (88.9%), followed by C (81.9%) and DES (81.5%). Inulin extracts produced under optimum conditions were purified by an ultrafiltration system and freeze-dried with a lyophilization process to obtain inulin powder. Viscosity and solubility values were also determined for each inulin powder sample. The solubility of inulin powders prepared by C, HS and DES extraction techniques were 91.5, 82.6 and 84.1%, respectively. The viscosity values of inulin powders within aqueous solutions (5 g/100 mL) were found to be 28.2, 17.1 and 8.1 mPa · s for C, HS and DES, respectively. The results depict that the highest inulin yield could be obtained by the hydrotropic solvent extraction system, but the solubility and viscosity values were found to be the highest using the conventional extraction technique.
{"title":"Potencies of Green Extraction Techniques in the Production of High-Yield Inulin Powder from Jerusalem Artichoke","authors":"Kardelen Demirci, Ahmet Görgüç, Beyzanur Bayraktar, F. Yılmaz","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091348","url":null,"abstract":": Inulin is a polysaccharide rich in dietary fiber and is widely used in functional foods due to its health-promoting properties. It has an important place in the current market, with the increasing demand for innovative formulations in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Jerusalem artichoke ( Helianthus tuberosus ) tubers are an important source of inulin, and this polysaccharide can be extracted for industrial use. Green solvent extraction systems have been used in recent years due to advantages such as non-toxic and environmentally friendly properties, as well as reducing solvent usage compared to traditional methods. In this study, inulin powder production from Jerusalem artichoke was carried out by conventional (C), hydrotropic solvent (HS) and deep eutectic solvent (DES) extraction methods, according to the experimental plans created by the response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of independent parameters such as temperature, time and solvent ratio on inulin yield were investigated. Also, the combined effects of extraction parameters were examined using three-dimensional response surface plots. The optimum process conditions were determined as 79 ◦ C process temperature, 36 min process time, 78 mL/g solvent ratio for C; 68 ◦ C, 53 min, 59 mL/g for HS; and 79 ◦ C, 51 min, 61 mL/g for DES. Among the extraction methods, HS provided the highest inulin yield (88.9%), followed by C (81.9%) and DES (81.5%). Inulin extracts produced under optimum conditions were purified by an ultrafiltration system and freeze-dried with a lyophilization process to obtain inulin powder. Viscosity and solubility values were also determined for each inulin powder sample. The solubility of inulin powders prepared by C, HS and DES extraction techniques were 91.5, 82.6 and 84.1%, respectively. The viscosity values of inulin powders within aqueous solutions (5 g/100 mL) were found to be 28.2, 17.1 and 8.1 mPa · s for C, HS and DES, respectively. The results depict that the highest inulin yield could be obtained by the hydrotropic solvent extraction system, but the solubility and viscosity values were found to be the highest using the conventional extraction technique.","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"866 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.3390/proceedings2023091346
Luigi Palla, Laura Lopez Sanchez
: Background and Objectives: Late food intake has been linked to weight gain while early meals have been associated with weight loss and maintenance. However, the impact of temporal (diurnal) eating patterns summarising the time of food intake throughout the day and the eating time irregularity across surveyed days has been less investigated. INRAN-SCAI is a cross-sectional nutrition survey conducted in 2005–2006 in a representative sample of the Italian population, collecting diet diaries over 3 days, including a questionnaire with socio-demographic and anthropometric variables. We aimed to characterise diurnal and irregularity eating patterns (DIEPs) and investigate their association with BMI/obesity in Italian adults (18–64 ys). Methods: We derived the DIEPs by Principal Component Analysis (with covariance matrix) jointly on indices of average and irregularity of energy intake using the reduced six time intervals corresponding to common eating time slots in Italy. The first five DIEPs explained 93% of the total variance, with the first DIEP score increasing with energy intake at main meals. A mixed-effect model with random intercept accounting for the correlation within household (ICC) was applied including only adults (complete case analysis n = 2022), with BMI as outcome, the main DIEPs as exposures and a set of confounders identified by a causal diagram. Results: The model resulted in a positive association of BMI with the first DEP (b = 0.75 per 100% score, p = 0.009; ICC = 0.195, p < 0.0001). A positive significant association also resulted between BMI and the third DIEP (10% variance) whose score increased with energy intake at snack times outside main meals (b = 0.89 per 100% score, p = 0.013) and with the fifth DIEP (6.4% variance), which mainly captured food intake at night and irregularity of intake at night (b = 0.34 per 100% score, p = 0.028). Discussion: Despite the limitations of a cross-sectional design, this study indicates that in the Italian adult population BMI tended to increase not only with large energy intake at main meals and at snack times but also with energy intake and irregularity of intake at night. This is in line with recent findings in the British population, indicating the relevance of surveying and modifying DIEPs, beside average daily intake, for obesity management.
{"title":"Characterising Diurnal and Irregularity Eating Patterns and Their Relationship with Obesity in the Italian Population in the INRAN-SCAI 2005–2006 Nutrition Survey","authors":"Luigi Palla, Laura Lopez Sanchez","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091346","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091346","url":null,"abstract":": Background and Objectives: Late food intake has been linked to weight gain while early meals have been associated with weight loss and maintenance. However, the impact of temporal (diurnal) eating patterns summarising the time of food intake throughout the day and the eating time irregularity across surveyed days has been less investigated. INRAN-SCAI is a cross-sectional nutrition survey conducted in 2005–2006 in a representative sample of the Italian population, collecting diet diaries over 3 days, including a questionnaire with socio-demographic and anthropometric variables. We aimed to characterise diurnal and irregularity eating patterns (DIEPs) and investigate their association with BMI/obesity in Italian adults (18–64 ys). Methods: We derived the DIEPs by Principal Component Analysis (with covariance matrix) jointly on indices of average and irregularity of energy intake using the reduced six time intervals corresponding to common eating time slots in Italy. The first five DIEPs explained 93% of the total variance, with the first DIEP score increasing with energy intake at main meals. A mixed-effect model with random intercept accounting for the correlation within household (ICC) was applied including only adults (complete case analysis n = 2022), with BMI as outcome, the main DIEPs as exposures and a set of confounders identified by a causal diagram. Results: The model resulted in a positive association of BMI with the first DEP (b = 0.75 per 100% score, p = 0.009; ICC = 0.195, p < 0.0001). A positive significant association also resulted between BMI and the third DIEP (10% variance) whose score increased with energy intake at snack times outside main meals (b = 0.89 per 100% score, p = 0.013) and with the fifth DIEP (6.4% variance), which mainly captured food intake at night and irregularity of intake at night (b = 0.34 per 100% score, p = 0.028). Discussion: Despite the limitations of a cross-sectional design, this study indicates that in the Italian adult population BMI tended to increase not only with large energy intake at main meals and at snack times but also with energy intake and irregularity of intake at night. This is in line with recent findings in the British population, indicating the relevance of surveying and modifying DIEPs, beside average daily intake, for obesity management.","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"668 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.3390/proceedings2023091345
Silvia Camarda, Alessandro Pecori, Paolo Gasparini, M. P. Concas
: Eating behaviour (EB) is a complex system affected by different factors, including food liking and psychology. Researchers have highlighted the importance of genetics in EB, but little is known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the genetic factors involved in EB in Italian cohorts, Friuli-Venezia Giulia (FVG) and Val Borbera (VB). Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) on food liking were performed in FVG (n = 575). The relationships between the genetic findings and other variables of interest (i.e., psychological outcomes) were evaluated using linear regression models. A replication study was carried out in an independent cohort (VB, n = 701). GWAS revealed a significant association between the liking of milk chocolate and a region on chromosome 5. The most associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was rs73280705 ( p = 1.02 × 10 − 9 ), an eQTL for the LARP1 gene in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Subjects carrying the minor allele of the SNP show a reduced liking for milk chocolate, as well as a minor overall liking for a milk-based food group. The latter finding was replicated in VB ( p = 0.026). Regarding the psychological data, these subjects also present a reduced impulsivity ( p = 0.031). On the other hand, carriers of the counterpart allele show an increased liking for milk-based food and a high impulsivity ( p = 0.023). These data are not influenced by the lactose deficiency allele. The results suggest that this genetic region could play a role in both impulsivity and food liking. Indeed, individuals carrying the LARP1 gene variant show a decrease in liking for milk chocolate and milk-based food, as well as in impulsivity, while the others are more impulsive, like more milk-based foods and, in general, sweet and fatty foods. LARP1 is expressed in the NAc, which is a central driver of reward response controlling the pleasantness and gratification given by food (mostly triggered by highly palatable foods). Moreover, the NAc also plays a role in integrating limbic system stimulation into the motor system, which can lead to addictive and impulsive behaviours. Additional studies are needed to increase our knowledge on this extremely interesting gene association and, overall, on the LARP1 gene’s relationship with milk and mTORC1 , food liking, and EB.
{"title":"Liking Milk Chocolate, Dairy Food and Eating Behaviour (Impulsivity) Are Linked to a Specific Genomic Region","authors":"Silvia Camarda, Alessandro Pecori, Paolo Gasparini, M. P. Concas","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091345","url":null,"abstract":": Eating behaviour (EB) is a complex system affected by different factors, including food liking and psychology. Researchers have highlighted the importance of genetics in EB, but little is known. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the genetic factors involved in EB in Italian cohorts, Friuli-Venezia Giulia (FVG) and Val Borbera (VB). Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) on food liking were performed in FVG (n = 575). The relationships between the genetic findings and other variables of interest (i.e., psychological outcomes) were evaluated using linear regression models. A replication study was carried out in an independent cohort (VB, n = 701). GWAS revealed a significant association between the liking of milk chocolate and a region on chromosome 5. The most associated single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was rs73280705 ( p = 1.02 × 10 − 9 ), an eQTL for the LARP1 gene in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Subjects carrying the minor allele of the SNP show a reduced liking for milk chocolate, as well as a minor overall liking for a milk-based food group. The latter finding was replicated in VB ( p = 0.026). Regarding the psychological data, these subjects also present a reduced impulsivity ( p = 0.031). On the other hand, carriers of the counterpart allele show an increased liking for milk-based food and a high impulsivity ( p = 0.023). These data are not influenced by the lactose deficiency allele. The results suggest that this genetic region could play a role in both impulsivity and food liking. Indeed, individuals carrying the LARP1 gene variant show a decrease in liking for milk chocolate and milk-based food, as well as in impulsivity, while the others are more impulsive, like more milk-based foods and, in general, sweet and fatty foods. LARP1 is expressed in the NAc, which is a central driver of reward response controlling the pleasantness and gratification given by food (mostly triggered by highly palatable foods). Moreover, the NAc also plays a role in integrating limbic system stimulation into the motor system, which can lead to addictive and impulsive behaviours. Additional studies are needed to increase our knowledge on this extremely interesting gene association and, overall, on the LARP1 gene’s relationship with milk and mTORC1 , food liking, and EB.","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"646 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.3390/proceedings2023091357
M. Popović, Jelena Banović Fuentes, Nevena Papović, Nina Okuka, Relja Suručić, Ljilja Torović
: A variety of specific plant oils produced from plants other than sunflowers
:从向日葵以外的植物中提取的各种特定植物油
{"title":"Comparative Advantages of Fatty Acid Composition and Nutritional Indices of Specific Edible Plant Oils","authors":"M. Popović, Jelena Banović Fuentes, Nevena Papović, Nina Okuka, Relja Suručić, Ljilja Torović","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091357","url":null,"abstract":": A variety of specific plant oils produced from plants other than sunflowers","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"506 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: Background: Conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are lifelong inflammatory diseases that involve chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Polyphenols are phytochemicals that are found in plant-based diets and possess beneficial health properties. Nutritional research has reported that a higher intake of polyphenols is associated with several health benefits. However, despite the health importance, measuring polyphenol intake in free-living subjects is challenging. There is a need to quantify polyphenol intake. Currently, there is a lack of validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) available for the assessment of polyphenol intake in the Portuguese population. Objectives: The purpose of this research is to (1) develop and validate a new food frequency questionnaire to assess the dietary polyphenol intake in the Portuguese population and (2) to use the validated FFQ to assess the relationship between the polyphenol intake and the inflammatory status in IBD patients. Hypothesis: Higher polyphenol intake is negatively associated with inflammatory biomarkers, such as calprotectin, C-reactive protein and inflammatory cytokines in IBD. Methods: To develop a semiquantitative FFQ consisting of max. 150 items by adapting the existing Portuguese FFQ and adding polyphenol-rich foods. Polyphenol data will be obtained from Phenol-Explorer, the USDA database, published literature and laboratory total phenol analysis. Dietary intake will be obtained from 100 adults. Population group—Portuguese, male and female. Validation will be calculated using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Spearman’s correlation and Bland–Altman statistics between 24-HRs and FFQs, corrected for attenuation from the within-person variation in the recalls. Discussion: A study will be conducted to assess the polyphenol intake using the validated FFQ in free-living IBD patients, and to measure the symptom severity and inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, inflammatory cytokines and calprotectin) to assess the association between the polyphenol consumption and the inflammatory status of IBD patients. Based on these data, patients will be stratified by low, medium or high polyphenol consumers and correlated with inflammation and symptom severity.
{"title":"Development and Validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire to Assess Polyphenol Intake and Its Association with Inflammation in the Portuguese Population: Study Plan","authors":"Lizaveta Hilman, Cláudia Nunes Santos, Nuno Mendonça","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091360","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091360","url":null,"abstract":": Background: Conditions like inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are lifelong inflammatory diseases that involve chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. Polyphenols are phytochemicals that are found in plant-based diets and possess beneficial health properties. Nutritional research has reported that a higher intake of polyphenols is associated with several health benefits. However, despite the health importance, measuring polyphenol intake in free-living subjects is challenging. There is a need to quantify polyphenol intake. Currently, there is a lack of validated food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) available for the assessment of polyphenol intake in the Portuguese population. Objectives: The purpose of this research is to (1) develop and validate a new food frequency questionnaire to assess the dietary polyphenol intake in the Portuguese population and (2) to use the validated FFQ to assess the relationship between the polyphenol intake and the inflammatory status in IBD patients. Hypothesis: Higher polyphenol intake is negatively associated with inflammatory biomarkers, such as calprotectin, C-reactive protein and inflammatory cytokines in IBD. Methods: To develop a semiquantitative FFQ consisting of max. 150 items by adapting the existing Portuguese FFQ and adding polyphenol-rich foods. Polyphenol data will be obtained from Phenol-Explorer, the USDA database, published literature and laboratory total phenol analysis. Dietary intake will be obtained from 100 adults. Population group—Portuguese, male and female. Validation will be calculated using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, Spearman’s correlation and Bland–Altman statistics between 24-HRs and FFQs, corrected for attenuation from the within-person variation in the recalls. Discussion: A study will be conducted to assess the polyphenol intake using the validated FFQ in free-living IBD patients, and to measure the symptom severity and inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, inflammatory cytokines and calprotectin) to assess the association between the polyphenol consumption and the inflammatory status of IBD patients. Based on these data, patients will be stratified by low, medium or high polyphenol consumers and correlated with inflammation and symptom severity.","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"102 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.3390/proceedings2023091352
A. Iwaniak, M. Darewicz, P. Minkiewicz
: Peptides derived from food proteins exhibit a variety of bioactivities, such as the inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE; EC 3.4.15.1), dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4; EC 3.4.14.5), α -glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20), α -amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), etc., as well as antioxidative, immunomodulating, and antithrombotic functions, etc. The above-mentioned inhibitory functions of peptides are related to the regulation of blood pressure level (ACE inhibitors) and blood glucose concentration (DPP IV, α -glucosidase, α -amylase inhibitors). Thus, bioactive peptides are considered as food components that play an important role in the prevention of, e.g., hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and/or metabolic syndrome. Progress in the development of computer technologies has contributed to the elaboration of tools that are useful in the theoretical prediction of the properties of food components. Such methodologies are called in silico analyses and have become one of the three approaches applied in the study of proteins and peptides. In silico analyses are less costly and time-consuming when compared to classical approaches relying on the involvement of laboratory procedures to produce peptides from food. Thus, the aim of this study is to present the options available in the BIOPEP-UWM ® database of proteins and bioactive peptide sequences that can be useful in the evaluation of proteins as sources of bioactive peptides. Such options can be exemplified on any protein sequence available in the BIOPEP-UWM database. They include the elaboration of the profile of the potential biological activity of a protein, the frequency of the occurrence of peptides with a given activity within a protein, and the prediction of the enzymatic release of biopeptides from a protein using qualitative and quantitative criteria. Moreover, the search options of this database, as well as new updates, will be presented.
{"title":"Prediction of the Potential of Food Proteins as Sources of Biopeptides Using BIOPEP-UWM Database","authors":"A. Iwaniak, M. Darewicz, P. Minkiewicz","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091352","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091352","url":null,"abstract":": Peptides derived from food proteins exhibit a variety of bioactivities, such as the inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE; EC 3.4.15.1), dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP4; EC 3.4.14.5), α -glucosidase (EC 3.2.1.20), α -amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), etc., as well as antioxidative, immunomodulating, and antithrombotic functions, etc. The above-mentioned inhibitory functions of peptides are related to the regulation of blood pressure level (ACE inhibitors) and blood glucose concentration (DPP IV, α -glucosidase, α -amylase inhibitors). Thus, bioactive peptides are considered as food components that play an important role in the prevention of, e.g., hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and/or metabolic syndrome. Progress in the development of computer technologies has contributed to the elaboration of tools that are useful in the theoretical prediction of the properties of food components. Such methodologies are called in silico analyses and have become one of the three approaches applied in the study of proteins and peptides. In silico analyses are less costly and time-consuming when compared to classical approaches relying on the involvement of laboratory procedures to produce peptides from food. Thus, the aim of this study is to present the options available in the BIOPEP-UWM ® database of proteins and bioactive peptide sequences that can be useful in the evaluation of proteins as sources of bioactive peptides. Such options can be exemplified on any protein sequence available in the BIOPEP-UWM database. They include the elaboration of the profile of the potential biological activity of a protein, the frequency of the occurrence of peptides with a given activity within a protein, and the prediction of the enzymatic release of biopeptides from a protein using qualitative and quantitative criteria. Moreover, the search options of this database, as well as new updates, will be presented.","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"217 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.3390/proceedings2023091354
Maria del Pilar Fernandez-Gil, Marian Bustamante, Jon Esparta, Olaia Martínez, J. Miranda, E. Simón
. Abstract: Beer is the most widely consumed alcoholic beverage in Europe. In many occasions, its consumption is linked to social relations and a fruitive use. To comply with this, the market should offer gluten-free beers that are safe to be consumed by people with celiac disease or those who need to avoid gluten. Brewing hydrolyzes gluten, and this compels the analytical determination of this hydrolyzed protein to be carried out using a competitive ELISA method. The most commonly used competitive ELISA for this purpose is based on the R5 antibody, which has some disadvantages, such as less robustness compared to the homologous sandwich ELISA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of the R5-based competitive ELISA through detecting gluten in beers that intended to achieve a gluten-free label. Thirty-seven samples of beers in which gluten was detected (range 10–80 mg/kg gluten) were analyzed under intermediate precision conditions (e.g., different days and different analysts). Each sample was analyzed 3–20 times. A total of 185 tests were performed and statistically analyzed. The mean calculation of the relative standard deviation (RSD) has a median of 13.6% (range 2.1–23.4%). The samples were pooled according to their gluten content (expressed as mg/kg or ppm gluten) and the median for each interval as follows: beers containing 10–20 ppm (n = 9): RSD 16.1% (range 2.7–19.9%); 21-40 ppm (n = 20): RSD 12.7% (range 2.8–21.5%); and 41–140 ppm (n = 8): RSD 13.7% (range 2.1–23.4%). The main variability in precision was found in the samples with a low gluten content, close to the limit of quantification. This could be due to the fact that small differences in the measured absorbances in this range make a significant difference in quantification. Our results suggest that the precision of the assayed method in our laboratory was satisfactory, in line with the expectable results of other ELISA methods. An internal reproducibility of 20% could be a reliable limit for any testing laboratory. Without evaluating other factors such as accuracy, the data findings point to an elevated uncertainty value for this analytical method.
{"title":"Gluten in Beers: Evaluation of Reproducibility of the R5-Based Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Method Using Real Samples","authors":"Maria del Pilar Fernandez-Gil, Marian Bustamante, Jon Esparta, Olaia Martínez, J. Miranda, E. Simón","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091354","url":null,"abstract":". Abstract: Beer is the most widely consumed alcoholic beverage in Europe. In many occasions, its consumption is linked to social relations and a fruitive use. To comply with this, the market should offer gluten-free beers that are safe to be consumed by people with celiac disease or those who need to avoid gluten. Brewing hydrolyzes gluten, and this compels the analytical determination of this hydrolyzed protein to be carried out using a competitive ELISA method. The most commonly used competitive ELISA for this purpose is based on the R5 antibody, which has some disadvantages, such as less robustness compared to the homologous sandwich ELISA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of the R5-based competitive ELISA through detecting gluten in beers that intended to achieve a gluten-free label. Thirty-seven samples of beers in which gluten was detected (range 10–80 mg/kg gluten) were analyzed under intermediate precision conditions (e.g., different days and different analysts). Each sample was analyzed 3–20 times. A total of 185 tests were performed and statistically analyzed. The mean calculation of the relative standard deviation (RSD) has a median of 13.6% (range 2.1–23.4%). The samples were pooled according to their gluten content (expressed as mg/kg or ppm gluten) and the median for each interval as follows: beers containing 10–20 ppm (n = 9): RSD 16.1% (range 2.7–19.9%); 21-40 ppm (n = 20): RSD 12.7% (range 2.8–21.5%); and 41–140 ppm (n = 8): RSD 13.7% (range 2.1–23.4%). The main variability in precision was found in the samples with a low gluten content, close to the limit of quantification. This could be due to the fact that small differences in the measured absorbances in this range make a significant difference in quantification. Our results suggest that the precision of the assayed method in our laboratory was satisfactory, in line with the expectable results of other ELISA methods. An internal reproducibility of 20% could be a reliable limit for any testing laboratory. Without evaluating other factors such as accuracy, the data findings point to an elevated uncertainty value for this analytical method.","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"13 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.3390/proceedings2023091350
F. Prinelli, Silvia Conti, Nithiya Jesuthasan, Elena Perdixi, Matteo Cotta Ramusino, Alfredo Costa, Sara Bernini
: Background and objectives: Data on the association of Mediterranean diet and food groups with depressive symptoms in older men and women, are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its food components with depressive symptoms in an Italian cohort of older men and women. Methods: We included individuals aged ≥ 65 years from the cross-sectional NutBrain study, recruited in 2019–2023, who answered a 102-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ), which was used to calculate the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) proposed by Trichopoulou. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The main outcome measure was a CES-D score of 16 or more. Statistical analyses were performed using a logistic regression model controlling for potential confounders. Results: A total of 325 men and 473 women (mean age 73.5 ± 6.2 years, 50.1% low socioeconomic status, 23.9% lived alone) were analysed. The frequency of depressive symptoms was 19.8% (8.0% in men and 27.9% in women). Women with depressive symptoms were less compliant with the MDS and consumed fewer vegetables and fish compared to women without depressive symptoms ( p < 0.05). No differences were observed in men. Multivariate logistic regression shows that high adherence to the MDS (highest tertile) significantly reduced the odds of having depressive symptoms by 54.6% (OR 0.454, 95%CI 0.266–0.776) in the whole sample, independent of covariates. When we stratified the analysis by sex, we found an inverse association between high adherence to the MDS and depressive symptoms in women (OR 0.385, 95%CI 0.206–0.719) but not in men (OR 0.828, 95%CI 0.254–2.705). Among the MDS components, fish consumption (OR 0.444, 95%CI 0.283–0.697) and MUFA/SFA ratio (OR 0.579, 95%CI 0.345–0.971) above the median were inversely associated with CES-D only in women. Women who ate fresh fish (not canned) 2–3 times/day and ≥ 3 times/week had 43.4% and 70.0% lower odds of depressive symptoms, respectively, than those who ate fish <2 times/week. Fish consumption was not associated with depression in men. Discussion: This study confirms that older women have higher depressive symptoms than men. Furthermore, high adherence to the Mediterranean diet and high fish consumption were associated with lower depressive symptoms in women but not in men. Our findings provide further evidence that improved advice on healthy eating can benefit mental health, especially in older women.
{"title":"High Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Fish Intake Are Inversely Associated with Depressive Symptoms in Older Women: Findings from the Cross-Sectional NutBrain Study","authors":"F. Prinelli, Silvia Conti, Nithiya Jesuthasan, Elena Perdixi, Matteo Cotta Ramusino, Alfredo Costa, Sara Bernini","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091350","url":null,"abstract":": Background and objectives: Data on the association of Mediterranean diet and food groups with depressive symptoms in older men and women, are scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional association of adherence to the Mediterranean diet and its food components with depressive symptoms in an Italian cohort of older men and women. Methods: We included individuals aged ≥ 65 years from the cross-sectional NutBrain study, recruited in 2019–2023, who answered a 102-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ), which was used to calculate the Mediterranean diet score (MDS) proposed by Trichopoulou. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D). The main outcome measure was a CES-D score of 16 or more. Statistical analyses were performed using a logistic regression model controlling for potential confounders. Results: A total of 325 men and 473 women (mean age 73.5 ± 6.2 years, 50.1% low socioeconomic status, 23.9% lived alone) were analysed. The frequency of depressive symptoms was 19.8% (8.0% in men and 27.9% in women). Women with depressive symptoms were less compliant with the MDS and consumed fewer vegetables and fish compared to women without depressive symptoms ( p < 0.05). No differences were observed in men. Multivariate logistic regression shows that high adherence to the MDS (highest tertile) significantly reduced the odds of having depressive symptoms by 54.6% (OR 0.454, 95%CI 0.266–0.776) in the whole sample, independent of covariates. When we stratified the analysis by sex, we found an inverse association between high adherence to the MDS and depressive symptoms in women (OR 0.385, 95%CI 0.206–0.719) but not in men (OR 0.828, 95%CI 0.254–2.705). Among the MDS components, fish consumption (OR 0.444, 95%CI 0.283–0.697) and MUFA/SFA ratio (OR 0.579, 95%CI 0.345–0.971) above the median were inversely associated with CES-D only in women. Women who ate fresh fish (not canned) 2–3 times/day and ≥ 3 times/week had 43.4% and 70.0% lower odds of depressive symptoms, respectively, than those who ate fish <2 times/week. Fish consumption was not associated with depression in men. Discussion: This study confirms that older women have higher depressive symptoms than men. Furthermore, high adherence to the Mediterranean diet and high fish consumption were associated with lower depressive symptoms in women but not in men. Our findings provide further evidence that improved advice on healthy eating can benefit mental health, especially in older women.","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"252 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.3390/proceedings2023091351
I. Beara, Tatjana Majkic, Ljiljana T. Milovanović, Ljilja Torović
: Orange wine, a traditional Georgian winemaker’s product, has recently received outstanding global interest from both winemakers and wine lovers. Orange wines are made from white grape varieties through prolonged contact of the skin and seeds in the fermentation process, which is actually a technique for producing red wines. It is well known that wine polyphenols have certain biological activity and, therefore, can contribute to the health benefits of moderate (red) wine consumption. But, data on chemical composition and bioactivity of orange wines are scarce. Thus, we collected 24 Serbian orange wines present at a market in 2022. The analyses of seven phenolic acids, six flavonoids, two stilbenes, fifteen anthocyanin glucosides, galactosides and arabinosides using HPLC-UV/VIS techniques was applied to elucidate differences in samples’ polyphenolic profiles. α -Amylase, α -glucosidase and lipase in vitro inhibition activities were evaluated using spectrophotometry. The most abundant polyphenols in the examined samples were gallic acid (0–49.5 mg/L), caffeic acid (0–22.2 mg/L) and catechin (0–76.7 mg/L). Piceid was detected in some samples (0.1–0.3 mg/L), while only five samples had a sporadic, low content of several anthocyanins. Principal component analyses (PCA) showed grouping of most of the samples in the central part, while sample 19 (produced in a north-Serbian winery) was obviously distinguished, mostly due to its highest content of gallic acid and catechin. The discriminating power was lower than 1.0 for all polyphenols. The analyzed orange wines had considerable hypoglycemic potential: activity ranged from 0.2 to 5.9 and 0.1 to 433 mg acarbose eq/mL of wine for α -amylase and α -glucosidase, respectively. Lipase inhibition was also notable: 7–43 ng orlistat eq/mL of wine. Direct correlation between expressed activity and determined polyphenols was not found, but PCA revealed samples 10, 16, 18 and 24 as the wines with the most prominent digestive-enzymes-inhibition activity. The presented results are just a part of our intensive research on the bioactivity of orange wines. Overall, our results should elucidate the possibility of health benefits of moderate consumption of orange wines, but also to contribute, at least partially, to the increase in recognition of Serbian orange wines in the domestic and global market.
{"title":"In Search of Biological Activity of Orange Wines: Polyphenolic Profile and In Vitro Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes","authors":"I. Beara, Tatjana Majkic, Ljiljana T. Milovanović, Ljilja Torović","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091351","url":null,"abstract":": Orange wine, a traditional Georgian winemaker’s product, has recently received outstanding global interest from both winemakers and wine lovers. Orange wines are made from white grape varieties through prolonged contact of the skin and seeds in the fermentation process, which is actually a technique for producing red wines. It is well known that wine polyphenols have certain biological activity and, therefore, can contribute to the health benefits of moderate (red) wine consumption. But, data on chemical composition and bioactivity of orange wines are scarce. Thus, we collected 24 Serbian orange wines present at a market in 2022. The analyses of seven phenolic acids, six flavonoids, two stilbenes, fifteen anthocyanin glucosides, galactosides and arabinosides using HPLC-UV/VIS techniques was applied to elucidate differences in samples’ polyphenolic profiles. α -Amylase, α -glucosidase and lipase in vitro inhibition activities were evaluated using spectrophotometry. The most abundant polyphenols in the examined samples were gallic acid (0–49.5 mg/L), caffeic acid (0–22.2 mg/L) and catechin (0–76.7 mg/L). Piceid was detected in some samples (0.1–0.3 mg/L), while only five samples had a sporadic, low content of several anthocyanins. Principal component analyses (PCA) showed grouping of most of the samples in the central part, while sample 19 (produced in a north-Serbian winery) was obviously distinguished, mostly due to its highest content of gallic acid and catechin. The discriminating power was lower than 1.0 for all polyphenols. The analyzed orange wines had considerable hypoglycemic potential: activity ranged from 0.2 to 5.9 and 0.1 to 433 mg acarbose eq/mL of wine for α -amylase and α -glucosidase, respectively. Lipase inhibition was also notable: 7–43 ng orlistat eq/mL of wine. Direct correlation between expressed activity and determined polyphenols was not found, but PCA revealed samples 10, 16, 18 and 24 as the wines with the most prominent digestive-enzymes-inhibition activity. The presented results are just a part of our intensive research on the bioactivity of orange wines. Overall, our results should elucidate the possibility of health benefits of moderate consumption of orange wines, but also to contribute, at least partially, to the increase in recognition of Serbian orange wines in the domestic and global market.","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.3390/proceedings2023091349
I. Beara, Saša Popov, Tatjana Majkic, Ljiljana T. Milovanović, Ljilja Torović
2023
2023
{"title":"Total SO2 Content and Health Risks Associated with Serbian Orange Wines","authors":"I. Beara, Saša Popov, Tatjana Majkic, Ljiljana T. Milovanović, Ljilja Torović","doi":"10.3390/proceedings2023091349","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023091349","url":null,"abstract":"2023","PeriodicalId":507355,"journal":{"name":"The 14th European Nutrition Conference FENS 2023","volume":"513 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：