Pub Date : 2024-08-09DOI: 10.1177/00111287241268371
Ekaterina Botchkovar, Matthew Kafafian, A. Timmer, Olena P Antonaccio, Lorine A. Hughes, Robert J. Johnson
A sample of 1,247 adults from two Ukrainian cities was analyzed to understand how exposure to the Donbas war in 2017 influenced decision-making related to violent behaviors among civilians. The study seeks to: (a) evaluate perceived rewards and costs as mediators between war exposure and violence; (b) test if war exposure increases the effect of perceived rewards and decreases the influence of perceived costs of crime on violence; (c) assess war exposure’s impact on the interaction between perceived rewards/costs of violence and decision-making moderators. As findings show, high war exposure diminishes the relevance of perceived benefits and alters their interrelationships with other factors in violent decisions. Overall, results suggest a shift toward “hot” reasoning during war.
{"title":"When the World Falls Apart: How People Make Decisions in the Times of War","authors":"Ekaterina Botchkovar, Matthew Kafafian, A. Timmer, Olena P Antonaccio, Lorine A. Hughes, Robert J. Johnson","doi":"10.1177/00111287241268371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287241268371","url":null,"abstract":"A sample of 1,247 adults from two Ukrainian cities was analyzed to understand how exposure to the Donbas war in 2017 influenced decision-making related to violent behaviors among civilians. The study seeks to: (a) evaluate perceived rewards and costs as mediators between war exposure and violence; (b) test if war exposure increases the effect of perceived rewards and decreases the influence of perceived costs of crime on violence; (c) assess war exposure’s impact on the interaction between perceived rewards/costs of violence and decision-making moderators. As findings show, high war exposure diminishes the relevance of perceived benefits and alters their interrelationships with other factors in violent decisions. Overall, results suggest a shift toward “hot” reasoning during war.","PeriodicalId":507410,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141923947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.1177/00111287241231741
R. Labrecque, Matthew DeMichele, Jason Walker, Ian A. Silver
This study uses data collected from three diverse counties in the United States between 2017 and 2019 to compare the performance of a pretrial risk instrument—the Public Safety Assessment (or PSA)—to a revised version of the tool that accounts for risk of future violence in predicting three pretrial release outcomes. Results indicate the suggested three tiered release levels produced from the current PSA release conditions matrix (RCM) are better at predicting failure to appear in court, while those generated from the violence-informed RCM are better at predicting arrest for a new violent crime. The suggested release levels from both versions of the RCM were similarly able to distinguish between likelihood of a new arrest for any reason.
{"title":"Sensible Pretrial Reform: The Importance of Accounting for Risk of Violence in Judicial Release Decisions","authors":"R. Labrecque, Matthew DeMichele, Jason Walker, Ian A. Silver","doi":"10.1177/00111287241231741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287241231741","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses data collected from three diverse counties in the United States between 2017 and 2019 to compare the performance of a pretrial risk instrument—the Public Safety Assessment (or PSA)—to a revised version of the tool that accounts for risk of future violence in predicting three pretrial release outcomes. Results indicate the suggested three tiered release levels produced from the current PSA release conditions matrix (RCM) are better at predicting failure to appear in court, while those generated from the violence-informed RCM are better at predicting arrest for a new violent crime. The suggested release levels from both versions of the RCM were similarly able to distinguish between likelihood of a new arrest for any reason.","PeriodicalId":507410,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139834207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.1177/00111287241231741
R. Labrecque, Matthew DeMichele, Jason Walker, Ian A. Silver
This study uses data collected from three diverse counties in the United States between 2017 and 2019 to compare the performance of a pretrial risk instrument—the Public Safety Assessment (or PSA)—to a revised version of the tool that accounts for risk of future violence in predicting three pretrial release outcomes. Results indicate the suggested three tiered release levels produced from the current PSA release conditions matrix (RCM) are better at predicting failure to appear in court, while those generated from the violence-informed RCM are better at predicting arrest for a new violent crime. The suggested release levels from both versions of the RCM were similarly able to distinguish between likelihood of a new arrest for any reason.
{"title":"Sensible Pretrial Reform: The Importance of Accounting for Risk of Violence in Judicial Release Decisions","authors":"R. Labrecque, Matthew DeMichele, Jason Walker, Ian A. Silver","doi":"10.1177/00111287241231741","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287241231741","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses data collected from three diverse counties in the United States between 2017 and 2019 to compare the performance of a pretrial risk instrument—the Public Safety Assessment (or PSA)—to a revised version of the tool that accounts for risk of future violence in predicting three pretrial release outcomes. Results indicate the suggested three tiered release levels produced from the current PSA release conditions matrix (RCM) are better at predicting failure to appear in court, while those generated from the violence-informed RCM are better at predicting arrest for a new violent crime. The suggested release levels from both versions of the RCM were similarly able to distinguish between likelihood of a new arrest for any reason.","PeriodicalId":507410,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139774777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.1177/00111287241231746
Fred E. Markowitz
Evidence from several countries indicates that homeless persons, particularly those with a mental illness, are at increased risk of offending and victimization. However, there has been little community-level analysis of the relationship between homelessness and crime rates. In this study, we discuss the criminogenic consequences of homelessness and then use panel data from 261 municipalities over a 21-year period (2000–2020) in Finland to examine how homelessness is related to different types of criminal offenses. Results from random and fixed-effects equations indicate that, net of common covariates, rates of homelessness are associated with increased rates of violent crime, property crime, and public intoxication offenses. The findings suggest that, in addition to mental health treatment, efforts to reduce homelessness enhance community safety.
{"title":"Community-Level Relationships Between Homelessness and Crime in Finland","authors":"Fred E. Markowitz","doi":"10.1177/00111287241231746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287241231746","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence from several countries indicates that homeless persons, particularly those with a mental illness, are at increased risk of offending and victimization. However, there has been little community-level analysis of the relationship between homelessness and crime rates. In this study, we discuss the criminogenic consequences of homelessness and then use panel data from 261 municipalities over a 21-year period (2000–2020) in Finland to examine how homelessness is related to different types of criminal offenses. Results from random and fixed-effects equations indicate that, net of common covariates, rates of homelessness are associated with increased rates of violent crime, property crime, and public intoxication offenses. The findings suggest that, in addition to mental health treatment, efforts to reduce homelessness enhance community safety.","PeriodicalId":507410,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139773979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-15DOI: 10.1177/00111287241231746
Fred E. Markowitz
Evidence from several countries indicates that homeless persons, particularly those with a mental illness, are at increased risk of offending and victimization. However, there has been little community-level analysis of the relationship between homelessness and crime rates. In this study, we discuss the criminogenic consequences of homelessness and then use panel data from 261 municipalities over a 21-year period (2000–2020) in Finland to examine how homelessness is related to different types of criminal offenses. Results from random and fixed-effects equations indicate that, net of common covariates, rates of homelessness are associated with increased rates of violent crime, property crime, and public intoxication offenses. The findings suggest that, in addition to mental health treatment, efforts to reduce homelessness enhance community safety.
{"title":"Community-Level Relationships Between Homelessness and Crime in Finland","authors":"Fred E. Markowitz","doi":"10.1177/00111287241231746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287241231746","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence from several countries indicates that homeless persons, particularly those with a mental illness, are at increased risk of offending and victimization. However, there has been little community-level analysis of the relationship between homelessness and crime rates. In this study, we discuss the criminogenic consequences of homelessness and then use panel data from 261 municipalities over a 21-year period (2000–2020) in Finland to examine how homelessness is related to different types of criminal offenses. Results from random and fixed-effects equations indicate that, net of common covariates, rates of homelessness are associated with increased rates of violent crime, property crime, and public intoxication offenses. The findings suggest that, in addition to mental health treatment, efforts to reduce homelessness enhance community safety.","PeriodicalId":507410,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139833523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.1177/00111287231226185
J. Montañez, Amy Donley
Violence can result in insurmountable losses for victim-survivors. Restitutive and compensatory measures have been historically and contemporarily implemented to address these harms. Crime victim compensation (CVC) is a means by which the state reimburses victim-survivors of violent harm without relying on offender restitution. Overall, the current study argues that CVC laws and regulations may marginalize victim-survivors by regulating the body through crime-reporting and application time limits, as well as through wait times for compensation receipt. With this argument, the current study aims to use a content analysis and quantitative analysis to examine the intricacies of crime-reporting and application time limits detailed within statutes and administrative regulations across the 50 United States, as well as benefit receipt wait times.
{"title":"Against the Clock: Crime Victim Compensation Law and Temporality Across the 50 United States","authors":"J. Montañez, Amy Donley","doi":"10.1177/00111287231226185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287231226185","url":null,"abstract":"Violence can result in insurmountable losses for victim-survivors. Restitutive and compensatory measures have been historically and contemporarily implemented to address these harms. Crime victim compensation (CVC) is a means by which the state reimburses victim-survivors of violent harm without relying on offender restitution. Overall, the current study argues that CVC laws and regulations may marginalize victim-survivors by regulating the body through crime-reporting and application time limits, as well as through wait times for compensation receipt. With this argument, the current study aims to use a content analysis and quantitative analysis to examine the intricacies of crime-reporting and application time limits detailed within statutes and administrative regulations across the 50 United States, as well as benefit receipt wait times.","PeriodicalId":507410,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139803157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-05DOI: 10.1177/00111287231226185
J. Montañez, Amy Donley
Violence can result in insurmountable losses for victim-survivors. Restitutive and compensatory measures have been historically and contemporarily implemented to address these harms. Crime victim compensation (CVC) is a means by which the state reimburses victim-survivors of violent harm without relying on offender restitution. Overall, the current study argues that CVC laws and regulations may marginalize victim-survivors by regulating the body through crime-reporting and application time limits, as well as through wait times for compensation receipt. With this argument, the current study aims to use a content analysis and quantitative analysis to examine the intricacies of crime-reporting and application time limits detailed within statutes and administrative regulations across the 50 United States, as well as benefit receipt wait times.
{"title":"Against the Clock: Crime Victim Compensation Law and Temporality Across the 50 United States","authors":"J. Montañez, Amy Donley","doi":"10.1177/00111287231226185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287231226185","url":null,"abstract":"Violence can result in insurmountable losses for victim-survivors. Restitutive and compensatory measures have been historically and contemporarily implemented to address these harms. Crime victim compensation (CVC) is a means by which the state reimburses victim-survivors of violent harm without relying on offender restitution. Overall, the current study argues that CVC laws and regulations may marginalize victim-survivors by regulating the body through crime-reporting and application time limits, as well as through wait times for compensation receipt. With this argument, the current study aims to use a content analysis and quantitative analysis to examine the intricacies of crime-reporting and application time limits detailed within statutes and administrative regulations across the 50 United States, as well as benefit receipt wait times.","PeriodicalId":507410,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139863102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1177/00111287231225125
Christopher Inkpen
This study examines immigrant assimilation theories by focusing on arrest during adolescence and adult life using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, a nationally representative panel study that follows children from adolescence through adulthood. The analysis compares outcomes for the first and second-generation of Mexican origin and other parts of Latin America to third- and fourth-plus generation (1) non-Hispanic white, (2) non-Hispanic black, and (3) Hispanic respondents. This investigation employs survival analyses to account for the timing of arrest and other events (e.g., graduation, childbirth, and employment). Results indicate the first generation, both of Mexican and Other Hispanic origin, are less likely to experience arrest than their higher-generation counterparts, regardless of race/ethnicity of the comparison group.
本研究利用 1997 年全国青年纵向调查（National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997）对移民同化理论进行了研究，该调查是一项具有全国代表性的小组研究，对儿童从青春期到成年的整个过程进行跟踪。分析比较了墨西哥裔和拉丁美洲其他地区的第一代和第二代与第三代和第四代（1）非西班牙裔白人、（2）非西班牙裔黑人和（3）西班牙裔受访者的结果。这项调查采用了生存分析法，以考虑被捕时间和其他事件（如毕业、生育和就业）。结果表明，不论比较组的种族/族裔如何，墨西哥裔和其他西班牙裔的第一代人被捕的可能性都低于他们的高一代人。
{"title":"Differences in Time to Reported First Arrest by Race, National Origin, and Immigrant Generation: A Test of Assimilation Theories","authors":"Christopher Inkpen","doi":"10.1177/00111287231225125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287231225125","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines immigrant assimilation theories by focusing on arrest during adolescence and adult life using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, a nationally representative panel study that follows children from adolescence through adulthood. The analysis compares outcomes for the first and second-generation of Mexican origin and other parts of Latin America to third- and fourth-plus generation (1) non-Hispanic white, (2) non-Hispanic black, and (3) Hispanic respondents. This investigation employs survival analyses to account for the timing of arrest and other events (e.g., graduation, childbirth, and employment). Results indicate the first generation, both of Mexican and Other Hispanic origin, are less likely to experience arrest than their higher-generation counterparts, regardless of race/ethnicity of the comparison group.","PeriodicalId":507410,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139826906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1177/00111287231225125
Christopher Inkpen
This study examines immigrant assimilation theories by focusing on arrest during adolescence and adult life using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, a nationally representative panel study that follows children from adolescence through adulthood. The analysis compares outcomes for the first and second-generation of Mexican origin and other parts of Latin America to third- and fourth-plus generation (1) non-Hispanic white, (2) non-Hispanic black, and (3) Hispanic respondents. This investigation employs survival analyses to account for the timing of arrest and other events (e.g., graduation, childbirth, and employment). Results indicate the first generation, both of Mexican and Other Hispanic origin, are less likely to experience arrest than their higher-generation counterparts, regardless of race/ethnicity of the comparison group.
本研究利用 1997 年全国青年纵向调查（National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997）对移民同化理论进行了研究，该调查是一项具有全国代表性的小组研究，对儿童从青春期到成年的整个过程进行跟踪。分析比较了墨西哥裔和拉丁美洲其他地区的第一代和第二代与第三代和第四代（1）非西班牙裔白人、（2）非西班牙裔黑人和（3）西班牙裔受访者的结果。这项调查采用了生存分析法，以考虑被捕时间和其他事件（如毕业、生育和就业）。结果表明，不论比较组的种族/族裔如何，墨西哥裔和其他西班牙裔的第一代人被捕的可能性都低于他们的高一代人。
{"title":"Differences in Time to Reported First Arrest by Race, National Origin, and Immigrant Generation: A Test of Assimilation Theories","authors":"Christopher Inkpen","doi":"10.1177/00111287231225125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287231225125","url":null,"abstract":"This study examines immigrant assimilation theories by focusing on arrest during adolescence and adult life using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, a nationally representative panel study that follows children from adolescence through adulthood. The analysis compares outcomes for the first and second-generation of Mexican origin and other parts of Latin America to third- and fourth-plus generation (1) non-Hispanic white, (2) non-Hispanic black, and (3) Hispanic respondents. This investigation employs survival analyses to account for the timing of arrest and other events (e.g., graduation, childbirth, and employment). Results indicate the first generation, both of Mexican and Other Hispanic origin, are less likely to experience arrest than their higher-generation counterparts, regardless of race/ethnicity of the comparison group.","PeriodicalId":507410,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139886596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-27DOI: 10.1177/00111287231225143
Allison Kurpiel, Christian M. Connell, Sarah A. Font
This study assesses how different forms of abuse and neglect are associated with juvenile offending, with specific emphasis on whether youth commit offenses analogous to the illicit parental behaviors to which they were exposed. Using statewide child welfare system data linked with juvenile offending records, we assess rates and types of offending among a cohort of youth exposed to child maltreatment, including physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect ( N = 7,787). Findings suggest that the maltreatment-delinquency link is better characterized as a general rather than a specific cycle of violence, though sex abuse victims tend to specialize in sex offending. Youth exposed to physical abuse, moral neglect, and parent incarceration offend at high rates overall and should be prioritized for prevention and treatment services.
{"title":"Juvenile Offending Among Maltreated Youth: Assessing Type-Specificity and Offense Specialization in the Cycle of Violence","authors":"Allison Kurpiel, Christian M. Connell, Sarah A. Font","doi":"10.1177/00111287231225143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00111287231225143","url":null,"abstract":"This study assesses how different forms of abuse and neglect are associated with juvenile offending, with specific emphasis on whether youth commit offenses analogous to the illicit parental behaviors to which they were exposed. Using statewide child welfare system data linked with juvenile offending records, we assess rates and types of offending among a cohort of youth exposed to child maltreatment, including physical abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect ( N = 7,787). Findings suggest that the maltreatment-delinquency link is better characterized as a general rather than a specific cycle of violence, though sex abuse victims tend to specialize in sex offending. Youth exposed to physical abuse, moral neglect, and parent incarceration offend at high rates overall and should be prioritized for prevention and treatment services.","PeriodicalId":507410,"journal":{"name":"Crime & Delinquency","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139592554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：