Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-030424-110950
Jesse T. Ault, Sangwoo Shin
Chemical gradients, the spatial variations in chemical concentrations and components, are omnipresent in environments ranging from biological and environmental systems to industrial processes. These thermodynamic forces often play a central role in driving transport processes taking place in such systems. This review focuses on diffusiophoresis, a phoretic transport phenomenon driven by chemical gradients. We begin by revisiting the fundamental physicochemical hydrodynamics governing the transport. Then we discuss diffusiophoresis arising in flow systems found in natural and artificial settings. By exploring various scenarios where chemical gradients are encountered and exploited, we aim to demonstrate the significance of diffusiophoresis and its state-of-the-art development in technological applications.
{"title":"Physicochemical Hydrodynamics of Particle Diffusiophoresis Driven by Chemical Gradients","authors":"Jesse T. Ault, Sangwoo Shin","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-030424-110950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-030424-110950","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical gradients, the spatial variations in chemical concentrations and components, are omnipresent in environments ranging from biological and environmental systems to industrial processes. These thermodynamic forces often play a central role in driving transport processes taking place in such systems. This review focuses on diffusiophoresis, a phoretic transport phenomenon driven by chemical gradients. We begin by revisiting the fundamental physicochemical hydrodynamics governing the transport. Then we discuss diffusiophoresis arising in flow systems found in natural and artificial settings. By exploring various scenarios where chemical gradients are encountered and exploited, we aim to demonstrate the significance of diffusiophoresis and its state-of-the-art development in technological applications.","PeriodicalId":50754,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-121021-111652
Axel Huerre, Christophe Josserand, Thomas Séon
Ice structures such as accretion on airplanes, wires, or roadways; ice falls; ice stalactites; frozen rivers; and aufeis are formed by the freezing of capillary flows (drops, rivulets, and films). To understand these phenomena, a detailed exploration of the complex coupling between capillary flow and solidification is necessary. Among the many scientific questions that remain open in order to understand these problems are the confinement of the thermal boundary layer by the free surface, the interaction between a freezing front and a free surface, the effect of freezing on the contact line motion, etc. This review focuses mainly on water and ice, discussing the theoretical framework and recent developments in the main areas of the freezing–capillarity interaction. The text deeply explores the freezing of a moving drop or a rivulet and the fundamental problem of wetting water on ice. Additionally, it highlights some of the main open questions on the subject.
{"title":"Freezing and Capillarity","authors":"Axel Huerre, Christophe Josserand, Thomas Séon","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-121021-111652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-121021-111652","url":null,"abstract":"Ice structures such as accretion on airplanes, wires, or roadways; ice falls; ice stalactites; frozen rivers; and aufeis are formed by the freezing of capillary flows (drops, rivulets, and films). To understand these phenomena, a detailed exploration of the complex coupling between capillary flow and solidification is necessary. Among the many scientific questions that remain open in order to understand these problems are the confinement of the thermal boundary layer by the free surface, the interaction between a freezing front and a free surface, the effect of freezing on the contact line motion, etc. This review focuses mainly on water and ice, discussing the theoretical framework and recent developments in the main areas of the freezing–capillarity interaction. The text deeply explores the freezing of a moving drop or a rivulet and the fundamental problem of wetting water on ice. Additionally, it highlights some of the main open questions on the subject.","PeriodicalId":50754,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142321062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-031424-101119
Eckart Meiburg, Nadav G. Lensky
The environmental setting of the Dead Sea combines several aspects whose interplay creates flow phenomena and transport processes that cannot be observed anywhere else on Earth. As a terminal lake with a rapidly declining surface level, the Dead Sea has a salinity that is close to saturation, so that the buoyancy-driven flows common in lakes are coupled to precipitation and dissolution, and large amounts of salt are being deposited year-round. The Dead Sea is the only hypersaline lake deep enough to form a thermohaline stratification during the summer, which gives rise to descending supersaturated dissolved-salt fingers that precipitate halite particles. In contrast, during the winter the entire supersaturated, well-mixed water column produces halite. The rapid lake level decline of O(1 m/year) exposes vast areas of newly formed beach every year, which exhibit deep incisions from streams. Taken together, these phenomena provide insight into the enigmatic salt giants observed in the Earth's geological record and offer lessons regarding the stability, erosion, and protection of arid coastlines under sea level change.
{"title":"Fluid Mechanics of the Dead Sea","authors":"Eckart Meiburg, Nadav G. Lensky","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-031424-101119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-031424-101119","url":null,"abstract":"The environmental setting of the Dead Sea combines several aspects whose interplay creates flow phenomena and transport processes that cannot be observed anywhere else on Earth. As a terminal lake with a rapidly declining surface level, the Dead Sea has a salinity that is close to saturation, so that the buoyancy-driven flows common in lakes are coupled to precipitation and dissolution, and large amounts of salt are being deposited year-round. The Dead Sea is the only hypersaline lake deep enough to form a thermohaline stratification during the summer, which gives rise to descending supersaturated dissolved-salt fingers that precipitate halite particles. In contrast, during the winter the entire supersaturated, well-mixed water column produces halite. The rapid lake level decline of O(1 m/year) exposes vast areas of newly formed beach every year, which exhibit deep incisions from streams. Taken together, these phenomena provide insight into the enigmatic salt giants observed in the Earth's geological record and offer lessons regarding the stability, erosion, and protection of arid coastlines under sea level change.","PeriodicalId":50754,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142170868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-022824-110008
Ye Zhou, James D. Sadler, Omar A. Hurricane
By imploding fuel of hydrogen isotopes, inertial confinement fusion (ICF) aims to create conditions that mimic those in the Sun's core. This is fluid dynamics in an extreme regime, with the ultimate goal of making nuclear fusion a viable clean energy source. The fuel must be reliably and symmetrically compressed to temperatures exceeding 100 million degrees Celsius. After the best part of a century of research, the foremost fusion milestone was reached in 2021, when ICF became the first technology to achieve an igniting fusion fuel (thermonuclear instability), and then in 2022 scientific energy breakeven was attained. A key trade-off of the ICF platform is that greater fuel compression leads to higher burn efficiency, but at the expense of amplified Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities and kinetic-energy-wasting asymmetries. In extreme cases, these three-dimensional instabilities can completely break up the implosion. Even in the highest-yielding 2022 scientific breakeven experiment, high-atomic-number (high-Z) contaminants were unintentionally injected into the fuel. Here we review the pivotal role that fluid dynamics plays in the construction of a stable implosion and the decades of improved understanding and isolated experiments that have contributed to fusion ignition.
{"title":"Instabilities and Mixing in Inertial Confinement Fusion","authors":"Ye Zhou, James D. Sadler, Omar A. Hurricane","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-022824-110008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-022824-110008","url":null,"abstract":"By imploding fuel of hydrogen isotopes, inertial confinement fusion (ICF) aims to create conditions that mimic those in the Sun's core. This is fluid dynamics in an extreme regime, with the ultimate goal of making nuclear fusion a viable clean energy source. The fuel must be reliably and symmetrically compressed to temperatures exceeding 100 million degrees Celsius. After the best part of a century of research, the foremost fusion milestone was reached in 2021, when ICF became the first technology to achieve an igniting fusion fuel (thermonuclear instability), and then in 2022 scientific energy breakeven was attained. A key trade-off of the ICF platform is that greater fuel compression leads to higher burn efficiency, but at the expense of amplified Rayleigh–Taylor and Richtmyer–Meshkov instabilities and kinetic-energy-wasting asymmetries. In extreme cases, these three-dimensional instabilities can completely break up the implosion. Even in the highest-yielding 2022 scientific breakeven experiment, high-atomic-number (high-Z) contaminants were unintentionally injected into the fuel. Here we review the pivotal role that fluid dynamics plays in the construction of a stable implosion and the decades of improved understanding and isolated experiments that have contributed to fusion ignition.","PeriodicalId":50754,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142170866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-27DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-031424-103721
Stavros C. Kassinos, Josué Sznitman
Our understanding of respiratory flow phenomena has been consolidated over decades with the exploration of in vitro and in silico canonical models that underscore the multiscale fluid mechanics spanning the vast airway complex. In recent years, there has been growing recognition of the significant intersubject variability characterizing the human lung morphometry that modulates underlying canonical flows across subjects. Despite outstanding challenges in modeling and validation approaches, exemplified foremost in capturing chronic respiratory diseases, the field is swiftly moving toward hybrid in silico whole-lung simulations that combine various model classes to resolve airflow and aerosol transport spanning the entire respiratory tract over cumulative breathing cycles. In the years to come, the prospect of accessible, community-curated datasets, in conjunction with the use of machine learning tools, could pave the way for in silico population-based studies to uncover unrecognized trends at the population level and deliver new respiratory diagnostic and pulmonary drug delivery endpoints.
{"title":"Multiscale Modeling of Respiratory Transport Phenomena and Intersubject Variability","authors":"Stavros C. Kassinos, Josué Sznitman","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-031424-103721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-031424-103721","url":null,"abstract":"Our understanding of respiratory flow phenomena has been consolidated over decades with the exploration of in vitro and in silico canonical models that underscore the multiscale fluid mechanics spanning the vast airway complex. In recent years, there has been growing recognition of the significant intersubject variability characterizing the human lung morphometry that modulates underlying canonical flows across subjects. Despite outstanding challenges in modeling and validation approaches, exemplified foremost in capturing chronic respiratory diseases, the field is swiftly moving toward hybrid in silico whole-lung simulations that combine various model classes to resolve airflow and aerosol transport spanning the entire respiratory tract over cumulative breathing cycles. In the years to come, the prospect of accessible, community-curated datasets, in conjunction with the use of machine learning tools, could pave the way for in silico population-based studies to uncover unrecognized trends at the population level and deliver new respiratory diagnostic and pulmonary drug delivery endpoints.","PeriodicalId":50754,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142084856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-15DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-030524-095913
Andrew D. Gilbert, Jacques Vanneste
Lagrangian averaging theories, most notably the generalized Lagrangian mean (GLM) theory of Andrews and McIntyre, have been primarily developed in Euclidean space and Cartesian coordinates. We reinterpret these theories using a geometric, coordinate-free formulation. This gives central roles to the flow map, its decomposition into mean and perturbation maps, and the momentum 1-form dual to the velocity vector. In this interpretation, the Lagrangian mean of any tensorial quantity is obtained by averaging its pull-back to the mean configuration. Crucially, the mean velocity is not a Lagrangian mean in this sense. It can be defined in a variety of ways, leading to alternative Lagrangian mean formulations that include GLM and Soward and Roberts's volume-preserving version. These formulations share key features that the geometric approach uncovers. We derive governing equations both for the mean flow and for wave activities constraining the dynamics of the perturbations. The presentation focuses on the Boussinesq model for inviscid rotating stratified flows and reviews the necessary tools of differential geometry.
{"title":"Geometric Approaches to Lagrangian Averaging","authors":"Andrew D. Gilbert, Jacques Vanneste","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-030524-095913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-030524-095913","url":null,"abstract":"Lagrangian averaging theories, most notably the generalized Lagrangian mean (GLM) theory of Andrews and McIntyre, have been primarily developed in Euclidean space and Cartesian coordinates. We reinterpret these theories using a geometric, coordinate-free formulation. This gives central roles to the flow map, its decomposition into mean and perturbation maps, and the momentum 1-form dual to the velocity vector. In this interpretation, the Lagrangian mean of any tensorial quantity is obtained by averaging its pull-back to the mean configuration. Crucially, the mean velocity is not a Lagrangian mean in this sense. It can be defined in a variety of ways, leading to alternative Lagrangian mean formulations that include GLM and Soward and Roberts's volume-preserving version. These formulations share key features that the geometric approach uncovers. We derive governing equations both for the mean flow and for wave activities constraining the dynamics of the perturbations. The presentation focuses on the Boussinesq model for inviscid rotating stratified flows and reviews the necessary tools of differential geometry.","PeriodicalId":50754,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141991898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-31DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-030124-112742
Alvaro Marin, Mathieu Souzy
When flowing through narrow channels or constrictions, many-body systems exhibit various flowing patterns, yet they can also get stuck. In many of these systems, the flowing elements remain as individuals (they do not aggregate or merge), sharing strong analogies among each other. This is the case for systems as contrasting as grains in a silo and pedestrians passing through tight spaces. Interestingly, when these entities flow within a fluid medium, numerous similarities persist. However, the fluid dynamics aspects of such clogging events, such as interstitial flow, liquid pressure, and hydrodynamic interactions, has only recently begun to be explored. In this review, we describe parallels with dry granular clogging and extensively analyze phenomena emerging when particles coexist with fluid in the system. We discuss the influence of diverse flow drive, particle propulsion mechanisms, and particle characteristics, and we conclude with examples from nature.
{"title":"Clogging of Noncohesive Suspension Flows","authors":"Alvaro Marin, Mathieu Souzy","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-030124-112742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-030124-112742","url":null,"abstract":"When flowing through narrow channels or constrictions, many-body systems exhibit various flowing patterns, yet they can also get stuck. In many of these systems, the flowing elements remain as individuals (they do not aggregate or merge), sharing strong analogies among each other. This is the case for systems as contrasting as grains in a silo and pedestrians passing through tight spaces. Interestingly, when these entities flow within a fluid medium, numerous similarities persist. However, the fluid dynamics aspects of such clogging events, such as interstitial flow, liquid pressure, and hydrodynamic interactions, has only recently begun to be explored. In this review, we describe parallels with dry granular clogging and extensively analyze phenomena emerging when particles coexist with fluid in the system. We discuss the influence of diverse flow drive, particle propulsion mechanisms, and particle characteristics, and we conclude with examples from nature.","PeriodicalId":50754,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141862126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-121021-044919
Jens Eggers, James E. Sprittles, Jacco H. Snoeijer
The merging of two fluid drops is one of the fundamental topological transitions occurring in free surface flow. Its description has many applications, for example, in the chemical industry (emulsions, sprays, etc.), in natural flows driving our climate, and for the sintering of materials. After the reconnection of two drops, strongly localized surface tension forces drive a singular flow, characterized by a connecting liquid bridge that grows according to scaling laws. We review theory, experiment, and simulation of the coalescence of two spherical drops for different parameters and in the presence of an outer fluid. We then generalize to other geometries, such as drops spreading on a substrate and in Hele–Shaw flow, and we discuss other types of mass transport, apart from viscous flow. Our focus is on times immediately after reconnection and on the limit of initially undeformed drops at rest relative to one another.
{"title":"Coalescence Dynamics","authors":"Jens Eggers, James E. Sprittles, Jacco H. Snoeijer","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-121021-044919","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-121021-044919","url":null,"abstract":"The merging of two fluid drops is one of the fundamental topological transitions occurring in free surface flow. Its description has many applications, for example, in the chemical industry (emulsions, sprays, etc.), in natural flows driving our climate, and for the sintering of materials. After the reconnection of two drops, strongly localized surface tension forces drive a singular flow, characterized by a connecting liquid bridge that grows according to scaling laws. We review theory, experiment, and simulation of the coalescence of two spherical drops for different parameters and in the presence of an outer fluid. We then generalize to other geometries, such as drops spreading on a substrate and in Hele–Shaw flow, and we discuss other types of mass transport, apart from viscous flow. Our focus is on times immediately after reconnection and on the limit of initially undeformed drops at rest relative to one another.","PeriodicalId":50754,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-030124-045719
Owen J.H. Williams, Alexander J. Smits
Many flows that are expected to be symmetric are actually observed to be asymmetric. The appearance of asymmetry in the face of no particular cause is a widespread although underappreciated occurrence. This rather puzzling and sometimes frustrating phenomenon can occur in wide-angle diffusers, over the forebody of axisymmetric bodies at high angles of attack, in the wake downstream of streamlined as well as bluff bodies, and in the flow over three-dimensional bumps and ramps. We review some notable examples and highlight the extreme sensitivity of many such flows to small disturbances in the body geometry or the incoming flow. Some flows appear to be permanently asymmetric, while others are bistable on timescales that are orders of magnitude longer than any convective timescale. Convective or global instabilities can occur, bistability is common, and mode interactions become important when multiple similar but distinct timescales and length scales are present. Our understanding of these phenomena is still very limited, and further research is urgently required; asymmetries in otherwise symmetric flows can have serious real-world consequences on vehicle control and performance.
{"title":"Asymmetries in Nominally Symmetric Flows","authors":"Owen J.H. Williams, Alexander J. Smits","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-030124-045719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-030124-045719","url":null,"abstract":"Many flows that are expected to be symmetric are actually observed to be asymmetric. The appearance of asymmetry in the face of no particular cause is a widespread although underappreciated occurrence. This rather puzzling and sometimes frustrating phenomenon can occur in wide-angle diffusers, over the forebody of axisymmetric bodies at high angles of attack, in the wake downstream of streamlined as well as bluff bodies, and in the flow over three-dimensional bumps and ramps. We review some notable examples and highlight the extreme sensitivity of many such flows to small disturbances in the body geometry or the incoming flow. Some flows appear to be permanently asymmetric, while others are bistable on timescales that are orders of magnitude longer than any convective timescale. Convective or global instabilities can occur, bistability is common, and mode interactions become important when multiple similar but distinct timescales and length scales are present. Our understanding of these phenomena is still very limited, and further research is urgently required; asymmetries in otherwise symmetric flows can have serious real-world consequences on vehicle control and performance.","PeriodicalId":50754,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.1146/annurev-fluid-121021-032828
Aimee S. Morgans, Dong Yang
Thermoacoustic instability is a flow instability that arises due to a two-way coupling between acoustic waves and unsteady heat release rate. It can cause damaging, large-amplitude oscillations in the combustors of gas turbines, aeroengines, rocket engines, etc., and the transition to decarbonized fuels is likely to introduce new thermoacoustic instability problems. With a focus on practical thermoacoustic instability problems, especially in gas turbine combustors, this review presents the common types of combustor and burner geometry used. It discusses the relevant flow physics underpinning their acoustic and unsteady flame behaviors, including how these differ across combustor and burner types. Computational tools for predicting thermoacoustic instability can be categorized into direct computational approaches, in which a single flow simulation resolves all of the most important length scales and timescales, and coupled/hybrid approaches, which couple separate computational treatments for the acoustic waves and flame, exploiting the large disparity in length scales associated with these. Examples of successful computational prediction of thermoacoustic instability in realistic combustors are given, along with outlooks for future research in this area.
{"title":"Thermoacoustic Instability in Combustors","authors":"Aimee S. Morgans, Dong Yang","doi":"10.1146/annurev-fluid-121021-032828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-fluid-121021-032828","url":null,"abstract":"Thermoacoustic instability is a flow instability that arises due to a two-way coupling between acoustic waves and unsteady heat release rate. It can cause damaging, large-amplitude oscillations in the combustors of gas turbines, aeroengines, rocket engines, etc., and the transition to decarbonized fuels is likely to introduce new thermoacoustic instability problems. With a focus on practical thermoacoustic instability problems, especially in gas turbine combustors, this review presents the common types of combustor and burner geometry used. It discusses the relevant flow physics underpinning their acoustic and unsteady flame behaviors, including how these differ across combustor and burner types. Computational tools for predicting thermoacoustic instability can be categorized into direct computational approaches, in which a single flow simulation resolves all of the most important length scales and timescales, and coupled/hybrid approaches, which couple separate computational treatments for the acoustic waves and flame, exploiting the large disparity in length scales associated with these. Examples of successful computational prediction of thermoacoustic instability in realistic combustors are given, along with outlooks for future research in this area.","PeriodicalId":50754,"journal":{"name":"Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":27.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141768435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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