Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.11648/j.ijae.20240904.13
Siek Darith, Lim Eav, Heng Kim
This paper is intended to introduce Long Coriander, the best-known leafy vegetable in Southeast Asia. It is a member of the Coriander family. It has a strong coriander scent and adds flavor to common ingredients in Central and Southeast Asian cuisine, particularly in soups, curries, and noodle dishes. Beyond its culinary uses, Long Coriander also has many benefits in medicine. To meet the criteria of this study, researchers seek to investigate the profitability of the Long Coriander crop for small-scale producers in Cambodia's Battambang Province. It weighs the revenue from producing Long Coriander against the costs of planting and harvesting its crop. The study also illustrates the estimated total revenue and costs for each planting. Producing Long Coriander may beneficially result in large sums of earnings for farmers, with a profit margin of approximately 57%. Furthermore, according to an economic efficiency (EE) analysis, the cost-to-revenue ratio is higher than 1. This proves that the total amount of revenue made from the sale of Long Coriander outweighs the costs of planting and harvesting, so small-scale producers are convincingly supposed to earn more money from this crop. This research study, through dedication and commitment, aims to address the profitability potential of Long Coriander production by integrating the fundamental economic analysis methods to gather rich data that may enhance and influence further agricultural research.
{"title":"Profitability Analysis of Long Coriander Crop Share by Small-Scale Producers in Battambang, Cambodia","authors":"Siek Darith, Lim Eav, Heng Kim","doi":"10.11648/j.ijae.20240904.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20240904.13","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is intended to introduce Long Coriander, the best-known leafy vegetable in Southeast Asia. It is a member of the Coriander family. It has a strong coriander scent and adds flavor to common ingredients in Central and Southeast Asian cuisine, particularly in soups, curries, and noodle dishes. Beyond its culinary uses, Long Coriander also has many benefits in medicine. To meet the criteria of this study, researchers seek to investigate the profitability of the Long Coriander crop for small-scale producers in Cambodia's Battambang Province. It weighs the revenue from producing Long Coriander against the costs of planting and harvesting its crop. The study also illustrates the estimated total revenue and costs for each planting. Producing Long Coriander may beneficially result in large sums of earnings for farmers, with a profit margin of approximately 57%. Furthermore, according to an economic efficiency (EE) analysis, the cost-to-revenue ratio is higher than 1. This proves that the total amount of revenue made from the sale of Long Coriander outweighs the costs of planting and harvesting, so small-scale producers are convincingly supposed to earn more money from this crop. This research study, through dedication and commitment, aims to address the profitability potential of Long Coriander production by integrating the fundamental economic analysis methods to gather rich data that may enhance and influence further agricultural research.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"129 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141811523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.11648/j.ijae.20240904.12
Saba Fetene, Mohamed Ahmed, Assefa Gonfa, Sosena Amsalu
Durum wheat production on Vertisols is constrained by waterlogging, where excessive soil moisture limits nutrient availability, resulting in lower yields and higher input demand. Aybar broad bed maker (BBM) was recommended to make broad beds and furrows (BBF) and drain the excess water although it is not widely adopted by farmers. Therefore, this demonstration activity was conducted to create awareness about the importance of BBF along with the recommended fertilizer rates in Lume district during the 2021 and 2022 main cropping seasons. Nine target farmers were purposefully selected based on the ground that their farms are waterlogged Vertisols. Aybar BBM to make the BBF with an 80 cm bed and 20 cm furrow width, while recommended fertilizers at a rate of 92 kg ha-1 nitrogen (N) and 10 kg ha-1 phosphorous (P) were used. The yield data and farmers’ perception were analyzed using t-test, descriptive statistics, and narration, while partial budget analysis was conducted to examine the economic feasibility of the technologies. Results showed that growing durum wheat on BBF by applying the recommended N and P rates resulted in significantly higher grain yield (3474 kg ha-1) with a 65.4% yield advantage compared to ridge and furrow (RF) (2100 kg ha-1) with the blanket fertilizer rates. The partial budget analysis revealed that land preparation using Aybar BBM, alongside the recommended fertilizer rates, brought a net benefit of 48,563 ETB ha-1 over the farmers' practice. Likewise, the marginal rate of return for changing from the local plow to Aybar BBM is 901.7%. The farmers also witnessed that the Aybar BBM even takes less plowing time and energy, and they want to continue to use it. In light of these results, the study concludes that the use of Aybar BBM and recommended N and P rates, as a production package on waterlogged Vertisols, is profitable for farmers and recommends promoting and scaling up these technologies in the study area and other waterlogged Vertisols regions of the country.
{"title":"Participatory Demonstration of Durum Wheat Production Blending Vertisols Management Technologies in Lume District, East Shewa, Ethiopia","authors":"Saba Fetene, Mohamed Ahmed, Assefa Gonfa, Sosena Amsalu","doi":"10.11648/j.ijae.20240904.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20240904.12","url":null,"abstract":"Durum wheat production on Vertisols is constrained by waterlogging, where excessive soil moisture limits nutrient availability, resulting in lower yields and higher input demand. Aybar broad bed maker (BBM) was recommended to make broad beds and furrows (BBF) and drain the excess water although it is not widely adopted by farmers. Therefore, this demonstration activity was conducted to create awareness about the importance of BBF along with the recommended fertilizer rates in Lume district during the 2021 and 2022 main cropping seasons. Nine target farmers were purposefully selected based on the ground that their farms are waterlogged Vertisols. Aybar BBM to make the BBF with an 80 cm bed and 20 cm furrow width, while recommended fertilizers at a rate of 92 kg ha<sup>-1</sup> nitrogen (N) and 10 kg ha<sup>-1 </sup>phosphorous (P) were used. The yield data and farmers’ perception were analyzed using t-test, descriptive statistics, and narration, while partial budget analysis was conducted to examine the economic feasibility of the technologies. Results showed that growing durum wheat on BBF by applying the recommended N and P rates resulted in significantly higher grain yield (3474 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>) <i>with a 65.4% yield advantage </i>compared to ridge and furrow (RF) (2100 kg ha<sup>-1</sup>) with the blanket fertilizer rates. The partial budget analysis revealed that land preparation using Aybar BBM, alongside the recommended fertilizer rates, brought a net benefit of 48,563 ETB ha<sup>-1</sup> over the farmers' practice. Likewise, the marginal rate of return for changing from the local plow to Aybar BBM is 901.7%. The farmers also witnessed that the Aybar BBM even takes less plowing time and energy, and they want to continue to use it. <i>In light of these results, the study concludes that the use of Aybar BBM and recommended N and P rates, as a production package on waterlogged Vertisols, is profitable for farmers and recommends promoting and scaling up these technologies in the study area and other waterlogged Vertisols regions of the country.</i>\u0000","PeriodicalId":507946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":" 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141833079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-02DOI: 10.11648/j.ijae.20240904.11
Tworekirwe Miriam, Rebecca Kalibwani, Gershom Nuwemuhwezi, Ferdinand Aine
This research assessed the long-term sustainability of Operation Wealth Creation (OWC)'s donated livestock projects for smallholder farmers in Mitooma Sub-County, Uganda. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, incorporating quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, with smallholder farmers selected through stratified random sampling. A study using structured questionnaires found that only 15% of households receiving donated livestock enterprises still own them, and 85% abandoned them within 9 years, indicating a lack of sustainability in these enterprises. The sustainability of donated livestock enterprises for small-scale farmers is influenced by family size, household income, food security, profitability, awareness of enterprise management practices, perception, culture, education, land tenure system, and age. Results also established that donated livestock enterprises significantly affected households to sell or trade the products (e.g., milk, meat, eggs) (P=0.000), households’ ability to cope with economic shocks or emergencies (P=0.001) and improving access to credit or financial services (P=0.013) and least significant in providing household income (P=0.668). Furthermore, results established donated livestock enterprise were less significant in increasing food availability (P=0.146), improving access to nutritious food, generating income for food purchase (P=0.913), facilitating asset accumulation for food security (P=0.116) and providing alternative coping mechanisms during periods of food scarcity (P=0.351). The study suggests that donated livestock enterprises are not sustainable, as many smallholder farmers abandon them within five years, and recommends enabling input suppliers and providing subsidies for farmers.
{"title":"Assessing the Sustainability of Donated Livestock Projects by Operation Wealth Creation to Smallholder Farmers in Mitooma Sub-County Mitooma District","authors":"Tworekirwe Miriam, Rebecca Kalibwani, Gershom Nuwemuhwezi, Ferdinand Aine","doi":"10.11648/j.ijae.20240904.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20240904.11","url":null,"abstract":"This research assessed the long-term sustainability of Operation Wealth Creation (OWC)'s donated livestock projects for smallholder farmers in Mitooma Sub-County, Uganda. The study uses a mixed-methods approach, incorporating quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, with smallholder farmers selected through stratified random sampling. A study using structured questionnaires found that only 15% of households receiving donated livestock enterprises still own them, and 85% abandoned them within 9 years, indicating a lack of sustainability in these enterprises. The sustainability of donated livestock enterprises for small-scale farmers is influenced by family size, household income, food security, profitability, awareness of enterprise management practices, perception, culture, education, land tenure system, and age. Results also established that donated livestock enterprises significantly affected households to sell or trade the products (e.g., milk, meat, eggs) (P=0.000), households’ ability to cope with economic shocks or emergencies (P=0.001) and improving access to credit or financial services (P=0.013) and least significant in providing household income (P=0.668). Furthermore, results established donated livestock enterprise were less significant in increasing food availability (P=0.146), improving access to nutritious food, generating income for food purchase (P=0.913), facilitating asset accumulation for food security (P=0.116) and providing alternative coping mechanisms during periods of food scarcity (P=0.351). The study suggests that donated livestock enterprises are not sustainable, as many smallholder farmers abandon them within five years, and recommends enabling input suppliers and providing subsidies for farmers.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"12 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141684958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-03DOI: 10.11648/j.ijae.20240903.13
Gasper Mpehongwa, Devota Cassian
Commercialization of smallholders farming is fronted as a panacea for both rural poverty and food insecurity. Through the use various policies and strategies such as the National Trade Policy (2003); National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (2010); Agricultural Marketing Policy (2008); National Agriculture Policy (2013); and the National Five-Year Development Plan (2021/22 to 2025/26, the government of Tanzania have consistently promoted commercialization of agriculture. This has led to increasing commercialization of food crops for over two decades now. However, emerging evidences show that commercialization of foods crops has negative effect on smallholder’s food security. This paper assessed circumstances under which commercialization of food crops could lead to household food insecurity among smallholders. Purposive sampling was used to obtain 120 households from a highly food crop commercialized district of Iringa in Southern Tanzania. Results shows that three scenarios could lead to food insecurity among smallholders namely; low productivity of commercialized food crops, shifting away from traditional food crops such as cassava, wheat and sorghum, sweet and round potatoes that used to enhance food security, and specialization which exposes smallholders to shocks and uncertainties. It recommends that commercialization of food crops should go hand in hand with enhanced productivity and diversification.
{"title":"Effects of Food Crops Commercialization on Smallholders’ Food Security in Southern Tanzania","authors":"Gasper Mpehongwa, Devota Cassian","doi":"10.11648/j.ijae.20240903.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20240903.13","url":null,"abstract":"Commercialization of smallholders farming is fronted as a panacea for both rural poverty and food insecurity. Through the use various policies and strategies such as the National Trade Policy (2003); National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (2010); Agricultural Marketing Policy (2008); National Agriculture Policy (2013); and the National Five-Year Development Plan (2021/22 to 2025/26, the government of Tanzania have consistently promoted commercialization of agriculture. This has led to increasing commercialization of food crops for over two decades now. However, emerging evidences show that commercialization of foods crops has negative effect on smallholder’s food security. This paper assessed circumstances under which commercialization of food crops could lead to household food insecurity among smallholders. Purposive sampling was used to obtain 120 households from a highly food crop commercialized district of Iringa in Southern Tanzania. Results shows that three scenarios could lead to food insecurity among smallholders namely; low productivity of commercialized food crops, shifting away from traditional food crops such as cassava, wheat and sorghum, sweet and round potatoes that used to enhance food security, and specialization which exposes smallholders to shocks and uncertainties. It recommends that commercialization of food crops should go hand in hand with enhanced productivity and diversification.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"99 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141389138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.11648/j.ijae.20240903.12
I. Engurat, Benjamin Mutai, George Owuor
Participating in agribusiness value chains is significant for growth and development of an economy. Women have been noted to have low participation in agribusiness activities as compared to men because women face challenges such as inaccessibility and ownership of assets, social cultural hindrances, lower market innovativeness and versatility factors. To reduce these challenges faced by women agri-preneurs, there is need to adopt agribusiness diversification to ensure the success of agribusiness enterprises. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that influence the number of agribusiness lines that female agri-preneurs participate in. This study was carried out in Njoro and Molo Sub-counties in Nakuru County, Kenya between March and August 2023. A standard Poisson regression model was carried out to examine the number of agribusiness lines that female agri-preneurs have to maximize revenue and spread risks associated with post production agribusiness activities such as selling, distribution and value addition of agricultural products. The study sampled 267 female in agribusinesses, both group participants and non-participants. Data processing was done using SPSS and STATA software. The results showed that age, education level, Leadership position, size of agribusiness enterprise, time taken in the agribusiness activities and ability of the female agri-preneurs to borrow loans positively influence the number of agribusiness lines that women agri-preneurs have.
{"title":"Determinants of Agribusiness Diversification Among Women Agri-Preneurs in Njoro and Molo Sub-Counties in Nakuru County, Kenya","authors":"I. Engurat, Benjamin Mutai, George Owuor","doi":"10.11648/j.ijae.20240903.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20240903.12","url":null,"abstract":"Participating in agribusiness value chains is significant for growth and development of an economy. Women have been noted to have low participation in agribusiness activities as compared to men because women face challenges such as inaccessibility and ownership of assets, social cultural hindrances, lower market innovativeness and versatility factors. To reduce these challenges faced by women agri-preneurs, there is need to adopt agribusiness diversification to ensure the success of agribusiness enterprises. The aim of this study was to determine the factors that influence the number of agribusiness lines that female agri-preneurs participate in. This study was carried out in Njoro and Molo Sub-counties in Nakuru County, Kenya between March and August 2023. A standard Poisson regression model was carried out to examine the number of agribusiness lines that female agri-preneurs have to maximize revenue and spread risks associated with post production agribusiness activities such as selling, distribution and value addition of agricultural products. The study sampled 267 female in agribusinesses, both group participants and non-participants. Data processing was done using SPSS and STATA software. The results showed that age, education level, Leadership position, size of agribusiness enterprise, time taken in the agribusiness activities and ability of the female agri-preneurs to borrow loans positively influence the number of agribusiness lines that women agri-preneurs have.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":" 91","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140991021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-10DOI: 10.11648/j.ijae.20240903.11
Maslah Duale
Diversifying sources of income has been recognized as a crucial approach to alleviate poverty, mitigate food insecurity, and enhance the overall well-being of rural residents in Ethiopia. This review outlines the key challenges and opportunities associated with livelihood diversification in the country. The study identifies several primary constraints that hinder livelihood diversification, including inadequate infrastructure development, scarcity of arable land, limited access to credit services, gender disparities, and poor rural-urban linkages. However, it also highlights potential avenues for sustainable livelihoods through diversification, such as the promotion of sustainable land management practices, adoption of climate-resilient agricultural strategies, and the provision of training and capacity building programs. To facilitate successful livelihood diversification, the review emphasizes the urgency of investing in infrastructure development and ensuring access to credit services. Moreover, it underscores the importance of promoting gender equality to mitigate the challenges faced by women in diversifying their livelihoods. Encouraging sustainable land management practices, implementing climate-resilient agricultural strategies, and providing comprehensive training and capacity building programs are identified as critical measures to support diversification efforts in Ethiopia effectively. The review offers evidence-based policy recommendations to inform government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and other stakeholders on effective strategies that can enhance livelihood diversification in the country, while also ensuring inclusivity and sustainability. The significance of livelihood diversification within Ethiopia's development agenda cannot be overstated, and it is imperative for stakeholders to act in addressing the identified challenges and capitalizing on the opportunities presented by diversification. By doing so, they can contribute to poverty reduction and sustainable development in the country. However, it is essential to note that further research is necessary to explore the efficacy of livelihood diversification strategies in different contexts and identify additional opportunities and challenges that may arise.
{"title":"Challenges and Opportunities of Livelihood Diversification in Ethiopia: A Review Article","authors":"Maslah Duale","doi":"10.11648/j.ijae.20240903.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20240903.11","url":null,"abstract":"Diversifying sources of income has been recognized as a crucial approach to alleviate poverty, mitigate food insecurity, and enhance the overall well-being of rural residents in Ethiopia. This review outlines the key challenges and opportunities associated with livelihood diversification in the country. The study identifies several primary constraints that hinder livelihood diversification, including inadequate infrastructure development, scarcity of arable land, limited access to credit services, gender disparities, and poor rural-urban linkages. However, it also highlights potential avenues for sustainable livelihoods through diversification, such as the promotion of sustainable land management practices, adoption of climate-resilient agricultural strategies, and the provision of training and capacity building programs. To facilitate successful livelihood diversification, the review emphasizes the urgency of investing in infrastructure development and ensuring access to credit services. Moreover, it underscores the importance of promoting gender equality to mitigate the challenges faced by women in diversifying their livelihoods. Encouraging sustainable land management practices, implementing climate-resilient agricultural strategies, and providing comprehensive training and capacity building programs are identified as critical measures to support diversification efforts in Ethiopia effectively. The review offers evidence-based policy recommendations to inform government agencies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and other stakeholders on effective strategies that can enhance livelihood diversification in the country, while also ensuring inclusivity and sustainability. The significance of livelihood diversification within Ethiopia's development agenda cannot be overstated, and it is imperative for stakeholders to act in addressing the identified challenges and capitalizing on the opportunities presented by diversification. By doing so, they can contribute to poverty reduction and sustainable development in the country. However, it is essential to note that further research is necessary to explore the efficacy of livelihood diversification strategies in different contexts and identify additional opportunities and challenges that may arise.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":" 48","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140990873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.17
W. Tesfay, Belete Woundiferaw
The research was assessed status of adopting improved rice technology as well as evaluate its impact on rice productivity and gross farm income in Ethiopia. The research showed the importance of adopting improved rice technologies using impact evaluating techniques such as propensity scoring matching (PSM). The research was used descriptive and econometric methods of data analysis to elaborate the respondents’ characteristics, farming practices, adoption status and to estimate its impact. The research used multistage sampling methods to select 180 smallholder rice producers. Amhara and Benshangul Gumuz region are the potential rice producers which targeted for this study. Zones, districts and kebles of these regions were selected random that can be represent the region as well as the rice producers in Ethiopia. The research revealed that 44.44% of the respondents were adopted improved rice technology and pawe_1 is the most frequently used by respondents. The econometric result revealed that treated groups were gained high rice output 3,019.70 quintal per hectare over the controlled groups 1,971.40 quintal per hectare as well as in terms of gross income treated groups were earned higher income which is 46,159.78 ETHB than the controlled groups which were earned 29,797.14 ETHB on average. This indicated that adopting improved rice technology was brought 34.72% and 35.45% of increment in rice productivity and gross income on smallholders’ rice producers respectively. Adopting of agricultural technologies are a means of improving the smallholder farmers crop production, productivities and income generated from that farm activities. Therefore, any governmental and non-governmental institution should be focused on the outreach of these agricultural technologies to end user over all part of the country.
{"title":"Impact of Improved Rice Variety Adoption on Smallholder Farmers Rice Productivity and Gross Farm Income Enhancement in North Western Ethiopia","authors":"W. Tesfay, Belete Woundiferaw","doi":"10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.17","url":null,"abstract":"The research was assessed status of adopting improved rice technology as well as evaluate its impact on rice productivity and gross farm income in Ethiopia. The research showed the importance of adopting improved rice technologies using impact evaluating techniques such as propensity scoring matching (PSM). The research was used descriptive and econometric methods of data analysis to elaborate the respondents’ characteristics, farming practices, adoption status and to estimate its impact. The research used multistage sampling methods to select 180 smallholder rice producers. Amhara and Benshangul Gumuz region are the potential rice producers which targeted for this study. Zones, districts and kebles of these regions were selected random that can be represent the region as well as the rice producers in Ethiopia. The research revealed that 44.44% of the respondents were adopted improved rice technology and pawe_1 is the most frequently used by respondents. The econometric result revealed that treated groups were gained high rice output 3,019.70 quintal per hectare over the controlled groups 1,971.40 quintal per hectare as well as in terms of gross income treated groups were earned higher income which is 46,159.78 ETHB than the controlled groups which were earned 29,797.14 ETHB on average. This indicated that adopting improved rice technology was brought 34.72% and 35.45% of increment in rice productivity and gross income on smallholders’ rice producers respectively. Adopting of agricultural technologies are a means of improving the smallholder farmers crop production, productivities and income generated from that farm activities. Therefore, any governmental and non-governmental institution should be focused on the outreach of these agricultural technologies to end user over all part of the country.","PeriodicalId":507946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":" 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.16
Raphael Mbunduki
Coffee has been among the traditional cash crops and one of the main contributors to foreign earnings in Tanzania. Consequently, earnings from its exports have remained low due to various production challenges which in turn affects export growth. These challenges have never been properly and intensively recognized for better decision-making. Therefore, this study was set to provide an in-depth assessment and understanding of key factors affecting coffee production in Tanzania.The study used simple random sampling to collect information from 364 respondents in four highly coffee-growing districts in Ruvuma, Mbeya, and Songwe regions. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires from small-scale farmers. Data were then analyzed by using a statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Excel. From the findings, poor agronomic practices such as inadequate application of fertilizer, poor pesticides and disease control, and aged low-yield coffee trees were found to be the main factors that strongly explain the relationship with low coffee production output due to their significant results. Furthermore, using regression the other variables found to significantly affect coffee production output level were limited access to finance and inadequate extension services. Based on the findings, sustainability of the coffee sector development, intensive government intervention is needed by putting more priority on training farmers best agronomic practices in the right way. This way, small farmers can be aware of the importance of the application of required agronomic practices as a key factor in the scale-up of productivity and production output. The Bank of Tanzania can also efficiently address the challenge of small-scale farmers in obtaining soft loans at a reasonable cost from financial institutions by creating an enabling environment. This should include the provision of a special loan facility to commercial banks connected with conditions to beneficial banks to lend to farmers at an indicative rate that can be affordable to small-scale coffee growers. These findings will inform policymakers and coffee stakeholders in the coffee value chain on the best actions and decision-making to enhance the sector's performance.
{"title":"In-Depth Assessment of Key Factors Affecting Coffee Production in Tanzania","authors":"Raphael Mbunduki","doi":"10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.16","url":null,"abstract":"Coffee has been among the traditional cash crops and one of the main contributors to foreign earnings in Tanzania. Consequently, earnings from its exports have remained low due to various production challenges which in turn affects export growth. These challenges have never been properly and intensively recognized for better decision-making. Therefore, this study was set to provide an in-depth assessment and understanding of key factors affecting coffee production in Tanzania.The study used simple random sampling to collect information from 364 respondents in four highly coffee-growing districts in Ruvuma, Mbeya, and Songwe regions. Qualitative and quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaires from small-scale farmers. Data were then analyzed by using a statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) and Excel. From the findings, poor agronomic practices such as inadequate application of fertilizer, poor pesticides and disease control, and aged low-yield coffee trees were found to be the main factors that strongly explain the relationship with low coffee production output due to their significant results. Furthermore, using regression the other variables found to significantly affect coffee production output level were limited access to finance and inadequate extension services. Based on the findings, sustainability of the coffee sector development, intensive government intervention is needed by putting more priority on training farmers best agronomic practices in the right way. This way, small farmers can be aware of the importance of the application of required agronomic practices as a key factor in the scale-up of productivity and production output. The Bank of Tanzania can also efficiently address the challenge of small-scale farmers in obtaining soft loans at a reasonable cost from financial institutions by creating an enabling environment. This should include the provision of a special loan facility to commercial banks connected with conditions to beneficial banks to lend to farmers at an indicative rate that can be affordable to small-scale coffee growers. These findings will inform policymakers and coffee stakeholders in the coffee value chain on the best actions and decision-making to enhance the sector's performance.","PeriodicalId":507946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"43 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140755169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-02DOI: 10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.15
David Muraya, Samwel Chege, Shelmith Munyiri
Khat farming is an important source of revenue and a possible source of potential investment in Kenya. Despite the benefits, various production and marketing risks, which negatively influence productivity, profitability, economic growth and farmers' livelihood, remains a challenge. Insurance for agricultural enterprises has the ability to open up access to essential services that boost productivity and marketing. This study aimed at determining the effect of socio-economic and institutional factors on khat farmers' willingness to pay for agricultural insurance. The data used in this study was obtained from khat farmers in Meru County, Kenya, from a sample of 323 farmers. The study employed the utility maximization theory and the double-bounded dichotomous choice model. Empirical results propose that the household size, size of land owned, awareness of agricultural insurance, credit access and the amount of khat bushes possessed by the family positively and significantly affected willingness to pay. The farmer's age and income earned from khat production negatively and significantly influenced willingness to pay. This study concluded that awareness of agricultural insurance and credit access greatly influence khat farmers' willingness to pay. The study recommends improving farmers' credit facilities to allow them access more financial capability since the study showed that the willingness to pay for insurance was proportional to credit access. The study further recommends strengthening on awareness on the importance of agricultural insurance to enhance khat farmers' involvement in agricultural insurance scheme. The results of this study will equip decision-makers with evidence-based tools to excellently market and establish demand-driven insurance products to meet the demands of khat farmers.
{"title":"Determinants of Khat Farmers' Willingness to Pay for Agricultural Insurance","authors":"David Muraya, Samwel Chege, Shelmith Munyiri","doi":"10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.15","url":null,"abstract":"Khat farming is an important source of revenue and a possible source of potential investment in Kenya. Despite the benefits, various production and marketing risks, which negatively influence productivity, profitability, economic growth and farmers' livelihood, remains a challenge. Insurance for agricultural enterprises has the ability to open up access to essential services that boost productivity and marketing. This study aimed at determining the effect of socio-economic and institutional factors on khat farmers' willingness to pay for agricultural insurance. The data used in this study was obtained from khat farmers in Meru County, Kenya, from a sample of 323 farmers. The study employed the utility maximization theory and the double-bounded dichotomous choice model. Empirical results propose that the household size, size of land owned, awareness of agricultural insurance, credit access and the amount of khat bushes possessed by the family positively and significantly affected willingness to pay. The farmer's age and income earned from khat production negatively and significantly influenced willingness to pay. This study concluded that awareness of agricultural insurance and credit access greatly influence khat farmers' willingness to pay. The study recommends improving farmers' credit facilities to allow them access more financial capability since the study showed that the willingness to pay for insurance was proportional to credit access. The study further recommends strengthening on awareness on the importance of agricultural insurance to enhance khat farmers' involvement in agricultural insurance scheme. The results of this study will equip decision-makers with evidence-based tools to excellently market and establish demand-driven insurance products to meet the demands of khat farmers.","PeriodicalId":507946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"41 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140752011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.14
Md. Shahin Mia, Md. Taj Uddin, Humayun Kabir, Md. Abdul Monayem Miah, Md. Abdus Salam
The purpose of this study is to look into the factors that influence adoption of BADC produce Boro rice seed and its impact on farm household food security in Bangladesh. The endogenous switching regression model (ESRM) and the propensity score matching (PSM) method were employed to identify the factors that influence adoption of BADC Boro rice seed and assessed its adoption impact on farm household food security. The analysis revealed that age, farm size, rice area, farm income, extension service, livestock ownership and government assistance had significant influence on adoption of BADC Boro rice seed. The estimated results show that education, farm size, earning members, farm income had positive and significant influence in attaining food security status of both adopters and non-adopters farm household. The estimated coefficient of correlation between the adoption equation and the food security equation of adopters was positive and significant. The study confirms that BADC produce Boro rice seed adoption had positive and significant impact on farm household food security of Bangladesh. The study recommended that BADC should implement appropriate policies to increase Boro rice seed production and enhance its adoption level through extension service so that food security situation improve in Bangladesh.
{"title":"Adoption Analysis of BADC Produced <i>Boro</i> Rice Seed and Its Impact on Farm Household Food Security in Bangladesh","authors":"Md. Shahin Mia, Md. Taj Uddin, Humayun Kabir, Md. Abdul Monayem Miah, Md. Abdus Salam","doi":"10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijae.20240902.14","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to look into the factors that influence adoption of BADC produce <i>Boro</i> rice seed and its impact on farm household food security in Bangladesh. The endogenous switching regression model (ESRM) and the propensity score matching (PSM) method were employed to identify the factors that influence adoption of BADC <i>Boro</i> rice seed and assessed its adoption impact on farm household food security. The analysis revealed that age, farm size, rice area, farm income, extension service, livestock ownership and government assistance had significant influence on adoption of BADC <i>Boro</i> rice seed. The estimated results show that education, farm size, earning members, farm income had positive and significant influence in attaining food security status of both adopters and non-adopters farm household. The estimated coefficient of correlation between the adoption equation and the food security equation of adopters was positive and significant. The study confirms that BADC produce <i>Boro</i> rice seed adoption had positive and significant impact on farm household food security of Bangladesh. The study recommended that BADC should implement appropriate policies to increase <i>Boro</i> rice seed production and enhance its adoption level through extension service so that food security situation improve in Bangladesh.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507946,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Agricultural Economics","volume":"79 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140224146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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