Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.1163/15685381-bja10160
O. Oskyrko, Nicholas Parry, Daniel Jablonski
Ireland is home to only one native lizards’ species, the viviparous lizard and one of the few areas of the world where there are no native snakes. However, since the end of the 19th century, there have been reports indicating the presence of legless lizards, Anguis fragilis Linnaeus, 1758 population whose origin is unknown. As this genus has been intensively studied genetically and taxonomically in the past decade, we have decided to investigate newly obtained mtDNA sequences (ND2 gene) to trace affiliation of the Anguis population in Ireland. We genetically examined 12 individuals from the Burren area (western Ireland) and compared them to available data. The Irish population was identified as belonging to A. fragilis, specifically to the most common haplotype of the Illyrian-Central European haplogroup. This genetic affiliation is shared by populations across a wide European region, including the western Balkans, Spain, France, western Hungary, Austria, Germany, Latvia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Russia, Sweden, Norway, and Great Britain. Our findings showed that the Irish population does not exhibit unique mitochondrial variability. This haplotype is present across the range of the species, including Great Britain, which is not in contrast with the earlier hypothesis that nearby populations from this area, along with human-mediated introductions, could be the source of Anguis populations in Ireland. This is thus potentially the first documented case of Anguis introduction out of the native range. However, further research, including broader sampling in Great Britain and genomics, is required to determine and trace its exact origin.
{"title":"Saint Patrick, what about legless lizards? Tracing the mitochondrial affiliation and possible origin of Anguis (Squamata: Anguidae) population in Ireland","authors":"O. Oskyrko, Nicholas Parry, Daniel Jablonski","doi":"10.1163/15685381-bja10160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-bja10160","url":null,"abstract":"Ireland is home to only one native lizards’ species, the viviparous lizard and one of the few areas of the world where there are no native snakes. However, since the end of the 19th century, there have been reports indicating the presence of legless lizards, Anguis fragilis Linnaeus, 1758 population whose origin is unknown. As this genus has been intensively studied genetically and taxonomically in the past decade, we have decided to investigate newly obtained mtDNA sequences (ND2 gene) to trace affiliation of the Anguis population in Ireland. We genetically examined 12 individuals from the Burren area (western Ireland) and compared them to available data. The Irish population was identified as belonging to A. fragilis, specifically to the most common haplotype of the Illyrian-Central European haplogroup. This genetic affiliation is shared by populations across a wide European region, including the western Balkans, Spain, France, western Hungary, Austria, Germany, Latvia, Poland, the Czech Republic, Russia, Sweden, Norway, and Great Britain. Our findings showed that the Irish population does not exhibit unique mitochondrial variability. This haplotype is present across the range of the species, including Great Britain, which is not in contrast with the earlier hypothesis that nearby populations from this area, along with human-mediated introductions, could be the source of Anguis populations in Ireland. This is thus potentially the first documented case of Anguis introduction out of the native range. However, further research, including broader sampling in Great Britain and genomics, is required to determine and trace its exact origin.","PeriodicalId":50799,"journal":{"name":"Amphibia-Reptilia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139228733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-22DOI: 10.1163/15685381-440401seh
{"title":"Congress Report – 22nd European Congress of Herpetology","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/15685381-440401seh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-440401seh","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50799,"journal":{"name":"Amphibia-Reptilia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-22DOI: 10.1163/15685381-440406seh
{"title":"SHE Grant is Herpetology for 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/15685381-440406seh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-440406seh","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50799,"journal":{"name":"Amphibia-Reptilia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-22DOI: 10.1163/15685381-440402seh
{"title":"Report of the Treasurer 2022","authors":"","doi":"10.1163/15685381-440402seh","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-440402seh","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50799,"journal":{"name":"Amphibia-Reptilia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139248833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-14DOI: 10.1163/15685381-bja10159
Keigo Takahashi
Buergeria buergeri is a stream-breeding rhacophorid frog. The sexual dimorphism in body size is significant in this species, which might be advantageous for its movement within the stream in an amplected state. However, the fertilisation rate of egg masses decreases as the body size difference between both sexes in the amplectant pair increases because the distance between the cloacae increases. In this study, we examined the mating pattern of B. buergeri and the relationship between female/male SVL ratio in the amplectant pair and fertilisation rate, and the swimming ability within the stream. As a result, when the female/male SVL ratio was less than 1.45, the fertilisation rate reached a plateau (nearly 100%). However, the fertilisation rate decreased as the female/male SVL ratio increased when this ratio was greater than 1.45. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was observed between the female/male SVL ratio and swimming ability. These results suggest that there was a trade-off between fertilisation rate and swimming ability via the female/male SVL ratio. In the field, we observed a significant positive correlation between male and female SVLs in 16 amplectant pairs, with a mean female/male SVL ratio of 1.44. Our experimental results suggest that when the female/male SVL ratio is 1.44, the fertilisation rate is close to 100%, and the swimming ability can be maintained at an intermediate level. Therefore, B. buergeri adopts a size-assortative mating and maintains the female/male SVL ratio of approximately 1.44 to balance both fertilisation rate and swimming ability, thereby increasing reproductive success.
{"title":"Size-assortative mating of Buergeria buergeri (Anura: Rhacophoridae): breeding strategies for balancing fertilisation rate and swimming ability","authors":"Keigo Takahashi","doi":"10.1163/15685381-bja10159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-bja10159","url":null,"abstract":"Buergeria buergeri is a stream-breeding rhacophorid frog. The sexual dimorphism in body size is significant in this species, which might be advantageous for its movement within the stream in an amplected state. However, the fertilisation rate of egg masses decreases as the body size difference between both sexes in the amplectant pair increases because the distance between the cloacae increases. In this study, we examined the mating pattern of B. buergeri and the relationship between female/male SVL ratio in the amplectant pair and fertilisation rate, and the swimming ability within the stream. As a result, when the female/male SVL ratio was less than 1.45, the fertilisation rate reached a plateau (nearly 100%). However, the fertilisation rate decreased as the female/male SVL ratio increased when this ratio was greater than 1.45. Moreover, a significant positive correlation was observed between the female/male SVL ratio and swimming ability. These results suggest that there was a trade-off between fertilisation rate and swimming ability via the female/male SVL ratio. In the field, we observed a significant positive correlation between male and female SVLs in 16 amplectant pairs, with a mean female/male SVL ratio of 1.44. Our experimental results suggest that when the female/male SVL ratio is 1.44, the fertilisation rate is close to 100%, and the swimming ability can be maintained at an intermediate level. Therefore, B. buergeri adopts a size-assortative mating and maintains the female/male SVL ratio of approximately 1.44 to balance both fertilisation rate and swimming ability, thereby increasing reproductive success.","PeriodicalId":50799,"journal":{"name":"Amphibia-Reptilia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139277987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1163/15685381-bja10158
Veronica Leah, Pui Yong Min, Indraneil Das
Abstract Lanthanotus borneensis , the Bornean earless monitor, is a monotypic member of the family Lanthanotidae, and restricted to the island of Borneo. Little has been published on its field ecology. This study investigated aspects of its thermal biology through an analysis of surface body temperatures of free ranging individuals against corresponding environmental temperatures, in order to explore aspects of microhabitat utilisation in relation to thermoregulation. A generalised linear mixed model shows significant effect of air and substrate temperatures, but not of water temperature. Further, the fixed effects of substrate temperature (coefficient estimate 0.396; ) versus ambient temperature (0.264; ), is suggestive of thigmothermy as the primary mode of thermoregulation. The species does not appear to utilise specific microhabitat structures to thermoregulate, the results of these observations suggesting that it is a thermoconformer.
{"title":"Thermal biology of Lanthanotus borneensis (Lanthanotidae) in Sarawak, Borneo","authors":"Veronica Leah, Pui Yong Min, Indraneil Das","doi":"10.1163/15685381-bja10158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-bja10158","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Lanthanotus borneensis , the Bornean earless monitor, is a monotypic member of the family Lanthanotidae, and restricted to the island of Borneo. Little has been published on its field ecology. This study investigated aspects of its thermal biology through an analysis of surface body temperatures of free ranging individuals against corresponding environmental temperatures, in order to explore aspects of microhabitat utilisation in relation to thermoregulation. A generalised linear mixed model shows significant effect of air and substrate temperatures, but not of water temperature. Further, the fixed effects of substrate temperature (coefficient estimate 0.396; ) versus ambient temperature (0.264; ), is suggestive of thigmothermy as the primary mode of thermoregulation. The species does not appear to utilise specific microhabitat structures to thermoregulate, the results of these observations suggesting that it is a thermoconformer.","PeriodicalId":50799,"journal":{"name":"Amphibia-Reptilia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135192004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1163/15685381-bja10157
Barry P. Stephenson, Jorden Christensen
Abstract Sexually dimorphic body colouration can serve to signal quality in vertebrates, but less is known about its importance in amphibians when compared to some other groups. The green frog ( Lithobates clamitans ) is a common anuran of aquatic habitats in eastern North America. In adults of both sexes, the dorsal abdomen is green or brown, and the ventral abdomen usually white. In contrast, throat colouration is sexually dimorphic; adult male throats are usually bright yellow in colour, whereas females and some males express white throats. We assessed body colouration in males and females from a population in Georgia, USA using spectrophotometry to quantify variation in these features and determine if hidden dimorphism was present. We then asked whether this spectral variation correlated with aspects of phenotype linked to fitness in anurans. Male throats were higher in Green-Yellow Chroma and lower in UV Chroma than those of females, but the sexes did not differ in ventral or dorsal abdominal colour. Male SVL was related to ventral abdominal colouration; larger males tended to have ventral abdomens with longer-wavelength Hue and reduced Green-Yellow Chroma compared to smaller males. However, throat or dorsal abdominal colouration was unrelated to any morphometric trait examined in either sex. Overall, variation in male throat and abdominal colour was only weakly related to indices of male quality; instead, we hypothesize that the persistence of white-throated males in populations throughout the range of green frogs is related to the presence of sex-reversed males and intersex individuals recently described from other populations.
{"title":"The relationship of body colouration to morphological traits in a population of green frogs from Georgia, USA","authors":"Barry P. Stephenson, Jorden Christensen","doi":"10.1163/15685381-bja10157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-bja10157","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Sexually dimorphic body colouration can serve to signal quality in vertebrates, but less is known about its importance in amphibians when compared to some other groups. The green frog ( Lithobates clamitans ) is a common anuran of aquatic habitats in eastern North America. In adults of both sexes, the dorsal abdomen is green or brown, and the ventral abdomen usually white. In contrast, throat colouration is sexually dimorphic; adult male throats are usually bright yellow in colour, whereas females and some males express white throats. We assessed body colouration in males and females from a population in Georgia, USA using spectrophotometry to quantify variation in these features and determine if hidden dimorphism was present. We then asked whether this spectral variation correlated with aspects of phenotype linked to fitness in anurans. Male throats were higher in Green-Yellow Chroma and lower in UV Chroma than those of females, but the sexes did not differ in ventral or dorsal abdominal colour. Male SVL was related to ventral abdominal colouration; larger males tended to have ventral abdomens with longer-wavelength Hue and reduced Green-Yellow Chroma compared to smaller males. However, throat or dorsal abdominal colouration was unrelated to any morphometric trait examined in either sex. Overall, variation in male throat and abdominal colour was only weakly related to indices of male quality; instead, we hypothesize that the persistence of white-throated males in populations throughout the range of green frogs is related to the presence of sex-reversed males and intersex individuals recently described from other populations.","PeriodicalId":50799,"journal":{"name":"Amphibia-Reptilia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135975901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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