Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s2070050423040062
V. S. Derevshchikov, O. Yu. Selyutina
Abstract
This study concerns the effect of water-soluble polymers with different structures on the sorption properties of unregenerable lime-based sorbents of carbon dioxide. It is shown that introducing water-soluble polymers into the composition of sorbents can either prolong or shorten the periods of their protective effect. To explain these findings, the porous structure of sorbents is studied, the transport of carbon dioxide is modeled using molecular dynamics, and coefficients of the diffusion of СО2 in water–polymer solutions are calculated. Modelling results correlate with data from sorption experiments: a stronger dynamic sorption capacity is obtained for a sorbent when a water–polymer medium with a greater coefficient of СО2 diffusion is added. These results can be used to optimize systems for separating carbon dioxide from gaseous mixtures and intensify mass transfer in systems for the photo- and electrocatalytic conversion of СО2 into useful products.
{"title":"Effect of Water-Soluble Polymers on the Dynamics of Carbon Dioxide Sorption by Lime-Based Sorbents","authors":"V. S. Derevshchikov, O. Yu. Selyutina","doi":"10.1134/s2070050423040062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2070050423040062","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>This study concerns the effect of water-soluble polymers with different structures on the sorption properties of unregenerable lime-based sorbents of carbon dioxide. It is shown that introducing water-soluble polymers into the composition of sorbents can either prolong or shorten the periods of their protective effect. To explain these findings, the porous structure of sorbents is studied, the transport of carbon dioxide is modeled using molecular dynamics, and coefficients of the diffusion of СО<sub>2</sub> in water–polymer solutions are calculated. Modelling results correlate with data from sorption experiments: a stronger dynamic sorption capacity is obtained for a sorbent when a water–polymer medium with a greater coefficient of СО<sub>2</sub> diffusion is added. These results can be used to optimize systems for separating carbon dioxide from gaseous mixtures and intensify mass transfer in systems for the photo- and electrocatalytic conversion of СО<sub>2</sub> into useful products.</p>","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s2070050423040050
S. P. Denisov, E. A. Alikin, E. O. Baksheev, V. N. Rychkov
Abstract
In this paper, the development of catalytic technologies used aboard a vehicle for purifying exhaust gases is estimated and forecasted. According to forecasts, in the next decade, the total production of vehicles will exceed 1 billion units and 75% of them will be equipped with internal combustion engines, which should necessarily be accompanied by an exhaust gas purification system. The development of catalytic technologies for purifying vehicle exhaust gases is mutually stimulated by the tightening of environmental standards and improving the internal combustion engines. For example, to date, the European standards have gone from Euro 1 to Euro 6d. The introduction of Euro 7 standards in Europe and the introduction of their counterparts in a number of countries by 2025 is planned. In addition, this paper discusses the concepts of systems that purify the exhaust gases of gasoline and diesel engines to meet the Euro 7 standards.
{"title":"Catalysis in the Automotive Industry: Mutual Development and State-of-the-Art","authors":"S. P. Denisov, E. A. Alikin, E. O. Baksheev, V. N. Rychkov","doi":"10.1134/s2070050423040050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2070050423040050","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>In this paper, the development of catalytic technologies used aboard a vehicle for purifying exhaust gases is estimated and forecasted. According to forecasts, in the next decade, the total production of vehicles will exceed 1 billion units and 75% of them will be equipped with internal combustion engines, which should necessarily be accompanied by an exhaust gas purification system. The development of catalytic technologies for purifying vehicle exhaust gases is mutually stimulated by the tightening of environmental standards and improving the internal combustion engines. For example, to date, the European standards have gone from Euro 1 to Euro 6d. The introduction of Euro 7 standards in Europe and the introduction of their counterparts in a number of countries by 2025 is planned. In addition, this paper discusses the concepts of systems that purify the exhaust gases of gasoline and diesel engines to meet the Euro 7 standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s2070050423040049
A. V. Boretskaya, M. I. Farid, S. R. Egorova, A. A. Lamberov
Abstract
The widespread use of aluminum oxides to synthesize heterogeneous catalysts in petroleum chemistry and oil refining makes it necessary to determine the factors that influence the efficiency of catalytic systems. However, there have been no studies on the effect of amorphous aluminum oxide in aluminum oxide catalysts on the characteristics of a catalytic reaction. The amount of amorphous aluminum hydroxides and oxides is generally not certified, but they can considerably worsen the performance of a catalyst. Amorphous aluminum oxide samples obtained from two different precursors are studied in this work via X-ray phase analysis, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, electron microscopy, and thermally programmed desorption of ammonia. The catalytic properties of the samples are studied in the vapor phase dehydration of 1-phenylethanol to styrene. It is shown for the first time that the transformation of amorphous aluminum oxide during the catalytic reaction lowers the conversion of alcohol from 84 (for a fresh catalyst) to 64% (for a regenerated sample). The crystallization of amorphous aluminum oxide through high temperature treatment contributes to an increase in catalytic indicators. However, they do not reach the required values because of a strong drop in the textural characteristics and acidic properties of an aluminum oxide surface.
摘要 石油化学和炼油领域广泛使用氧化铝合成异相催化剂，因此有必要确定影响催化系统效率的因素。然而，目前还没有关于氧化铝催化剂中无定形氧化铝对催化反应特性影响的研究。无定形铝氢氧化物和氧化物的数量一般不需要认证，但它们会大大恶化催化剂的性能。本研究通过 X 射线相分析、低温氮吸附、电子显微镜和氨的热编程解吸对从两种不同前驱体中获得的无定形氧化铝样品进行了研究。在将 1-苯乙醇气相脱水为苯乙烯的过程中，研究了样品的催化特性。研究首次表明，无定形氧化铝在催化反应过程中的转变会降低酒精的转化率，从 84%（新鲜催化剂）降至 64%（再生样品）。通过高温处理使无定形氧化铝结晶有助于提高催化指标。然而，由于氧化铝表面的纹理特征和酸性特性大幅下降，这些指标并未达到要求值。
{"title":"Transformation of Amorphous Aluminum Oxide in the Catalytic Dehydration of Aromatic Alcohol","authors":"A. V. Boretskaya, M. I. Farid, S. R. Egorova, A. A. Lamberov","doi":"10.1134/s2070050423040049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2070050423040049","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The widespread use of aluminum oxides to synthesize heterogeneous catalysts in petroleum chemistry and oil refining makes it necessary to determine the factors that influence the efficiency of catalytic systems. However, there have been no studies on the effect of amorphous aluminum oxide in aluminum oxide catalysts on the characteristics of a catalytic reaction. The amount of amorphous aluminum hydroxides and oxides is generally not certified, but they can considerably worsen the performance of a catalyst. Amorphous aluminum oxide samples obtained from two different precursors are studied in this work via X-ray phase analysis, low-temperature nitrogen adsorption, electron microscopy, and thermally programmed desorption of ammonia. The catalytic properties of the samples are studied in the vapor phase dehydration of 1-phenylethanol to styrene. It is shown for the first time that the transformation of amorphous aluminum oxide during the catalytic reaction lowers the conversion of alcohol from 84 (for a fresh catalyst) to 64% (for a regenerated sample). The crystallization of amorphous aluminum oxide through high temperature treatment contributes to an increase in catalytic indicators. However, they do not reach the required values because of a strong drop in the textural characteristics and acidic properties of an aluminum oxide surface.</p>","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s207005042304013x
O. N. Kovalenko, I. I. Simentsova, V. N. Panchenko, M. N. Timofeeva
Abstract
A study is performed to establish the main factors that allow regulation of the activity and selectivity of the synthesis of solketal from glycerol and acetone, and the acidic and catalytic properties of mordenite zeolites (MOR, SiO2 : Al2O3 = 29.2) and faujasite (FAU, SiO2 : Al2O3 = 14.9; 97 and 810). The reaction is studied in a methanol solution at an acetone : glycerol molar ratio of 2.5 and a temperature of 25–50°C. Using zeolites, the main product is solketal with a selectivity of 88.1–94.7%. It is shown that the main factors determining the conversion of glycerol and the yield of solketal are the accessibility of the reagents to active sites, the number and strength of acid sites, and their resistance to the toxic action of water molecules that form during the reaction.
{"title":"Effect of the Structure and Acidity of Zeolites on the Synthesis of Solketal from Glycerol and Acetone","authors":"O. N. Kovalenko, I. I. Simentsova, V. N. Panchenko, M. N. Timofeeva","doi":"10.1134/s207005042304013x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s207005042304013x","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>A study is performed to establish the main factors that allow regulation of the activity and selectivity of the synthesis of solketal from glycerol and acetone, and the acidic and catalytic properties of mordenite zeolites (MOR, SiO<sub>2</sub> : Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> = 29.2) and faujasite (FAU, SiO<sub>2</sub> : Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> = 14.9; 97 and 810). The reaction is studied in a methanol solution at an acetone : glycerol molar ratio of 2.5 and a temperature of 25–50°C. Using zeolites, the main product is solketal with a selectivity of 88.1–94.7%. It is shown that the main factors determining the conversion of glycerol and the yield of solketal are the accessibility of the reagents to active sites, the number and strength of acid sites, and their resistance to the toxic action of water molecules that form during the reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s2070050423040098
A. V. Romanenko, P. A. Simonov, M. A. Kulagina, S. I. Udalova, I. N. Voropaev, G. A. Bukhtiyarova
Abstract
Results of studying the Pd/C and Pd/O powder catalysts synthesized by the deposition of 0.5 and 1.0 wt % Pd on carbon materials (Sibunit 159k, thermal carbon black T-900, Vulcan XC-72R) and oxide supports (Ox: γ-Al2O3, Cr2O3, Ga2O3, TiO2, Ta2O5, and V2O5, diatomaceous earth FW-70) and their catalytic properties in the partial hydrogenation of sunflower oil were described. Using a Parr fixed-bed reactor, comparative tests of the catalysts in the kinetic mode conducted to determine their activity (SCA, V0) and trans-isomerization selectivity parameters (Str). The effect of the average particle size of supported palladium (dCO) on these parameters in a wide range of dCO values was discussed.
{"title":"Effect of the Nature of Supports and the Degree of Palladium Dispersion on the Catalyst Activity and Selectivity in the Sunflower Oil Hydrogenation Reaction","authors":"A. V. Romanenko, P. A. Simonov, M. A. Kulagina, S. I. Udalova, I. N. Voropaev, G. A. Bukhtiyarova","doi":"10.1134/s2070050423040098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2070050423040098","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Results of studying the Pd/C and Pd/O powder catalysts synthesized by the deposition of 0.5 and 1.0 wt % Pd on carbon materials (Sibunit 159k, thermal carbon black T-900, Vulcan XC<b>-</b>72R) and oxide supports (Ox: γ-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, Ga<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>, TiO<sub>2</sub>, Ta<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, and V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub>, diatomaceous earth FW-70) and their catalytic properties in the partial hydrogenation of sunflower oil were described. Using a Parr fixed-bed reactor, comparative tests of the catalysts in the kinetic mode conducted to determine their activity (SCA, <i>V</i><sub>0</sub>) and <i>trans</i>-isomerization selectivity parameters (<i>S</i><sub>tr</sub>). The effect of the average particle size of supported palladium (<i>d</i><sub>CO</sub>) on these parameters in a wide range of <i>d</i><sub>CO</sub> values was discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s2070050423040074
I. S. Golubev, P. P. Dik, M. O. Kazakov, O. V. Klimov, A. S. Noskov
Abstract
Catalysts of the second stage of hydrocracking are tested under different conditions, reducing the time required to reach the level of steady-state activity. Tests are performed on a laboratory testbench under conditions (temperature, pressure, and liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV)) close to industrial and typical of the second stage of hydrocracking. Introducing an additional preliminary stage at the start of tests at elevated temperatures and LHSVs while using a dimethyl disulfide solution in decane as a sulfiding mixture are shown to substantially reduce the time of experiment. Conditions of the preliminary stage that preserve the catalyst’s selectivity to diesel are selected.
{"title":"The Influence of Test Conditions for the Second Hydrocracking Stage Catalysts on the Time to Reach Steady-State Activity","authors":"I. S. Golubev, P. P. Dik, M. O. Kazakov, O. V. Klimov, A. S. Noskov","doi":"10.1134/s2070050423040074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2070050423040074","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>Catalysts of the second stage of hydrocracking are tested under different conditions, reducing the time required to reach the level of steady-state activity. Tests are performed on a laboratory testbench under conditions (temperature, pressure, and liquid hourly space velocity (LHSV)) close to industrial and typical of the second stage of hydrocracking. Introducing an additional preliminary stage at the start of tests at elevated temperatures and LHSVs while using a dimethyl disulfide solution in decane as a sulfiding mixture are shown to substantially reduce the time of experiment. Conditions of the preliminary stage that preserve the catalyst’s selectivity to diesel are selected.</p>","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s2070050423040086
V. B. Kharitontsev, E. A. Tissen, E. S. Matveenko, Ya. A. Mikhailov, N. Yu. Tret’yakov, A. N. Zagoruiko, A. V. Elyshev
Abstract
The study is focused on the catalytic pyrolysis of high density polyethylene (PE) in the presence of HBEA, HZSM-5, and HFER catalysts and natural clay. The catalytic pyrolysis of plastics is a promising method to process recyclable materials, because it provides the conversion of polymers to other compounds, which are subsequently used as reagents for the chemical industry. The physicochemical parameters of the catalysts have been determined by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, the nitrogen physical adsorption method, thermogravimetric analysis, and pyrolytic gas chromatography. The dependences of the PE degradation temperatures and the chemical composition of the catalytic pyrolysis products on the type of catalyst used have been revealed. The efficiency of the cracking process and the qualitative composition of the products are affected by two main factors: the structural and acidic parameters of the catalyst. The presence of Brønsted acid sites in zeolites contributes to the occurrence of the cracking and aromatization reactions. The possibility of using a clay sample for the thermal degradation of PE has been studied.
{"title":"Assessment of the Efficiency of Catalysts for the Catalytic Pyrolysis of Polyethylene","authors":"V. B. Kharitontsev, E. A. Tissen, E. S. Matveenko, Ya. A. Mikhailov, N. Yu. Tret’yakov, A. N. Zagoruiko, A. V. Elyshev","doi":"10.1134/s2070050423040086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2070050423040086","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The study is focused on the catalytic pyrolysis of high density polyethylene (PE) in the presence of HBEA, HZSM-5, and HFER catalysts and natural clay. The catalytic pyrolysis of plastics is a promising method to process recyclable materials, because it provides the conversion of polymers to other compounds, which are subsequently used as reagents for the chemical industry. The physicochemical parameters of the catalysts have been determined by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, the nitrogen physical adsorption method, thermogravimetric analysis, and pyrolytic gas chromatography. The dependences of the PE degradation temperatures and the chemical composition of the catalytic pyrolysis products on the type of catalyst used have been revealed. The efficiency of the cracking process and the qualitative composition of the products are affected by two main factors: the structural and acidic parameters of the catalyst. The presence of Brønsted acid sites in zeolites contributes to the occurrence of the cracking and aromatization reactions. The possibility of using a clay sample for the thermal degradation of PE has been studied.</p>","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To develop Ru-incorporated bentonite clay as a heterogeneous base catalyst for use in Knoevenagel condensation as an alternative to hazardous base catalysts like pyridine, piperidine, etc., we purify the naturally occurring bentonite clay and Ru3+ cation incorporated into its interlayers of bentonite clayto improve its porosity and to increase the surface area of bentonite clay. Purified bentonite and Ru-bentonite were characterized by FTIR, PXRD, HRTEM, SEM & EDS, BET surface area analysis, and TGA. Base activation was done to these clays and a comparative study of these clays as recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for Knoevenagel Condensation was undertaken in water as a solvent for the chemical transformation of 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetateinto their corresponding α,β- unsaturated acids. The products were characterized by FTIR, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR analyses. The essential key points of this reaction are mild reaction conditions, absence of hazardous chemicals as used in classical Knoevenagel condensation, reusability of the catalyst, and high yield percentage of the products.
{"title":"Ru-Bentonite Catalyzed Green Knoevenagel Condensation of Substituted Benzaldehydes with Ethyl Cyanoacetate","authors":"Debasis Borah, Deepmoni Brahma, Dipanwita Basak, Hemaprobha Saikia","doi":"10.1134/s2070050423040141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2070050423040141","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>To develop Ru-incorporated bentonite clay as a heterogeneous base catalyst for use in Knoevenagel condensation as an alternative to hazardous base catalysts like pyridine, piperidine, etc., we purify the naturally occurring bentonite clay and Ru<sup>3+</sup> cation incorporated into its interlayers of bentonite clayto improve its porosity and to increase the surface area of bentonite clay. Purified bentonite and Ru-bentonite were characterized by FTIR, PXRD, HRTEM, SEM & EDS, BET surface area analysis, and TGA. Base activation was done to these clays and a comparative study of these clays as recyclable heterogeneous catalysts for Knoevenagel Condensation was undertaken in water as a solvent for the chemical transformation of 2,4-dichlorobenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde with ethyl cyanoacetateinto their corresponding α,β- unsaturated acids. The products were characterized by FTIR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, and <sup>13</sup>C NMR analyses. The essential key points of this reaction are mild reaction conditions, absence of hazardous chemicals as used in classical Knoevenagel condensation, reusability of the catalyst, and high yield percentage of the products.</p>","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s2070050423040037
S. D. Badmaev, V. D. Belyaev, D. I. Potemkin, P. V. Snytnikov, V. A. Sobyanin, V. V. Kharton
Abstract
The properties of supported Pt-containing granular (Pt/Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 – δ) and structured catalysts (Pt/Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 – δ/η-Al2O3/FeCrAl) in methanol decomposition to synthesis gas for feeding solid oxide fuel cells have been studied. It has been shown that the use of a structured catalyst for the methanol decomposition reaction is promising. It has been found that the addition of a small amount of oxygen to the feed mixture hinders the formation of carbon and thereby increases the on-stream stability of the catalyst. At atmospheric pressure, a temperature of ≈400°C, a reaction mixture feed space velocity of 5.6 L/(gcat h), and a CH3OH : air volume ratio of 1, the proposed 0.15 wt % Pt/8 wt % Ce0.75Zr0.25O2 – δ/6 wt % η-Al2O3/FeCrAl structured catalyst can provide a complete methanol conversion to synthesis gas with a total content of H2 and CO of ≈64 vol % and a productivity with respect to synthesis gas of ≈6.7 L(H2 + CO)/(gcat h).
{"title":"Methanol Decomposition to Synthesis Gas over Supported Platinum-Containing Catalysts","authors":"S. D. Badmaev, V. D. Belyaev, D. I. Potemkin, P. V. Snytnikov, V. A. Sobyanin, V. V. Kharton","doi":"10.1134/s2070050423040037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2070050423040037","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The properties of supported Pt-containing granular (Pt/Ce<sub>0.75</sub>Zr<sub>0.25</sub>O<sub>2 – δ</sub>) and structured catalysts (Pt/Ce<sub>0.75</sub>Zr<sub>0.25</sub>O<sub>2 – δ</sub>/η-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/FeCrAl) in methanol decomposition to synthesis gas for feeding solid oxide fuel cells have been studied. It has been shown that the use of a structured catalyst for the methanol decomposition reaction is promising. It has been found that the addition of a small amount of oxygen to the feed mixture hinders the formation of carbon and thereby increases the on-stream stability of the catalyst. At atmospheric pressure, a temperature of ≈400°C, a reaction mixture feed space velocity of 5.6 L/(g<sub>cat</sub> h), and a CH<sub>3</sub>OH : air volume ratio of 1, the proposed 0.15 wt % Pt/8 wt % Ce<sub>0.75</sub>Zr<sub>0.25</sub>O<sub>2 – δ</sub>/6 wt % η-Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/FeCrAl structured catalyst can provide a complete methanol conversion to synthesis gas with a total content of H<sub>2</sub> and CO of ≈64 vol % and a productivity with respect to synthesis gas of ≈6.7 L(H<sub>2</sub> + CO)/(g<sub>cat</sub> h).</p>","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-26DOI: 10.1134/s2070050423040104
N. T. Sevostyanova, S. A. Batashev
Abstract
The synthesis of esters by the alkoxycarbonylation of unsaturated substrates of plant origin opens up the possibility of switching to alternative raw materials and provides a solution to a number of problems facing the chemical industry: resource saving, waste minimization, and increasing the environmental safety and efficiency of the processes being implemented. However, to date, only the production of methyl methacrylate, which includes ethylene methoxycarbonylation as one of the stages, has been implemented in industry. The aim of this review is to systematize and analyze the data published since 2010 in the field of ester synthesis by the alkoxycarbonylation of plant substrates under mild conditions. It has been found that, over the indicated period, the alkoxycarbonylation of pentenoic and undecenoic acids, oleic, linoleic, and erucic acids or their esters, and terpene compounds—citronellic acid and β-myrcene—has been implemented. It has been shown that high yields of linear products and selectivities for them under mild conditions have been provided mostly by using homogeneous palladium–diphosphine catalysts. The results of these studies open up broad prospects for the implementation of processes that are new for industry, namely, the alkoxycarbonylation of substrates of plant origin for synthesizing chemical products of high priority, primarily polymers.
{"title":"Alkoxycarbonylation of Unsaturated Substrates of Plant Origin in the Presence of Palladium Catalysts as a Route to Synthesize Ester Products","authors":"N. T. Sevostyanova, S. A. Batashev","doi":"10.1134/s2070050423040104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1134/s2070050423040104","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Abstract</h3><p>The synthesis of esters by the alkoxycarbonylation of unsaturated substrates of plant origin opens up the possibility of switching to alternative raw materials and provides a solution to a number of problems facing the chemical industry: resource saving, waste minimization, and increasing the environmental safety and efficiency of the processes being implemented. However, to date, only the production of methyl methacrylate, which includes ethylene methoxycarbonylation as one of the stages, has been implemented in industry. The aim of this review is to systematize and analyze the data published since 2010 in the field of ester synthesis by the alkoxycarbonylation of plant substrates under mild conditions. It has been found that, over the indicated period, the alkoxycarbonylation of pentenoic and undecenoic acids, oleic, linoleic, and erucic acids or their esters, and terpene compounds—citronellic acid and β-myrcene—has been implemented. It has been shown that high yields of linear products and selectivities for them under mild conditions have been provided mostly by using homogeneous palladium–diphosphine catalysts. The results of these studies open up broad prospects for the implementation of processes that are new for industry, namely, the alkoxycarbonylation of substrates of plant origin for synthesizing chemical products of high priority, primarily polymers.</p>","PeriodicalId":507,"journal":{"name":"Catalysis in Industry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2023-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139053602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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