Background/Aim: The prevalence of myopia is increasing worldwide especially among adolescents. Changes in living conditions such as reduced engagement in outdoor activities as well as increased activities near the workplace like reading, writing, and screen exposure are thought to be responsible for this increase. Adolescence is a sensitive period of rapid changes in psychological, physiological, and social aspects. Mental health issues such as anxiety and depression are common during this period. During the pandemic, mental health issues among children and adolescents increased due to stress caused by the disease, social isolation, disruption of routines, and the loss of loved ones. With the rapid increase in myopia among adolescents, there is a need to investigate the effects of myopia on mental health. The aim of this study is to evaluate anxiety, depression, and hopelessness levels in adolescents with myopia after the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine the relationship between myopia and anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. Methods: This was a case-control study that included 40 myopic adolescents aged 16-19 with a spherical refractive degree of -2 diopters (D) and above and 40 emmetropic (no refractive error). Participants who had previously undergone refractive surgery, had binocular visual acuity less than 1.0, had strabismus and amblyopia, had a diagnosis of glaucoma, had undergone ocular surgery for any reason, had retinopathy, or had an astigmatic refractive degree greater than ±0.50 were excluded from the study. The study did not include patients with chronic physiological or psychiatric diseases. Both groups were administered the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The groups were compared according to the scales. Myopic degrees were compared with mixed-effect linear models according to scale categories, and the relationship between ATS scores and myopia degrees was evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: The mean (SD) spherical refractive power of myopic adolescents was -3.156 (1.40) diopters; 62.5% of participants with myopia had been exposed to COVID-19, and the anxiety rate in myopic participants compared to controls was 15% (P=0.026). However, no significant difference was found between the myopia and control groups in terms of automatic thoughts, hopelessness, and depression inventory scores when comparing the groups. No correlation was found between the CAS (F=1.098), BHS (F=1.610), BDI (F=1.699), and ATQ (r=0.151) scales and the increase in myopia when we performed linear mixed model analysis and Spearman correlation analysis. There was no significant relationship between the degree of myopia and automatic thoughts, hopelessness anxiety, and depression. Conclusion: The results indicate that adolescents with myopia had higher levels of anxiety after the COVID-19 pandemic. There was no significant corre
{"title":"Determination of depression, anxiety, and hopelessness levels in adolescents with refractive errors after the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Filiz Tubaş, Hatice Kübra Sönmez, Melike Kevser Gül, C. Evereklioğlu, Aysu Duyan Çamurdan","doi":"10.28982/josam.8005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.8005","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: The prevalence of myopia is increasing worldwide especially among adolescents. Changes in living conditions such as reduced engagement in outdoor activities as well as increased activities near the workplace like reading, writing, and screen exposure are thought to be responsible for this increase. Adolescence is a sensitive period of rapid changes in psychological, physiological, and social aspects. Mental health issues such as anxiety and depression are common during this period. During the pandemic, mental health issues among children and adolescents increased due to stress caused by the disease, social isolation, disruption of routines, and the loss of loved ones. With the rapid increase in myopia among adolescents, there is a need to investigate the effects of myopia on mental health. The aim of this study is to evaluate anxiety, depression, and hopelessness levels in adolescents with myopia after the COVID-19 pandemic and to examine the relationship between myopia and anxiety, depression, and hopelessness. Methods: This was a case-control study that included 40 myopic adolescents aged 16-19 with a spherical refractive degree of -2 diopters (D) and above and 40 emmetropic (no refractive error). Participants who had previously undergone refractive surgery, had binocular visual acuity less than 1.0, had strabismus and amblyopia, had a diagnosis of glaucoma, had undergone ocular surgery for any reason, had retinopathy, or had an astigmatic refractive degree greater than ±0.50 were excluded from the study. The study did not include patients with chronic physiological or psychiatric diseases. Both groups were administered the Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ), Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). The groups were compared according to the scales. Myopic degrees were compared with mixed-effect linear models according to scale categories, and the relationship between ATS scores and myopia degrees was evaluated using the Spearman correlation coefficient. Results: The mean (SD) spherical refractive power of myopic adolescents was -3.156 (1.40) diopters; 62.5% of participants with myopia had been exposed to COVID-19, and the anxiety rate in myopic participants compared to controls was 15% (P=0.026). However, no significant difference was found between the myopia and control groups in terms of automatic thoughts, hopelessness, and depression inventory scores when comparing the groups. No correlation was found between the CAS (F=1.098), BHS (F=1.610), BDI (F=1.699), and ATQ (r=0.151) scales and the increase in myopia when we performed linear mixed model analysis and Spearman correlation analysis. There was no significant relationship between the degree of myopia and automatic thoughts, hopelessness anxiety, and depression. Conclusion: The results indicate that adolescents with myopia had higher levels of anxiety after the COVID-19 pandemic. There was no significant corre","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":"128 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139244512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aim: Considering the effects of inflammation on fibromyalgia and the small intestine, we hypothesize that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to inflammation and affect vitamin B12 and ferritin levels in patients with fibromyalgia. The objectives were: 1) to compare the levels of vitamin D, vitamin B12, and ferritin in patients with fibromyalgia and patients who have local painful conditions, and 2) to evaluate the correlation of vitamin D levels with vitamin B12 and ferritin levels. Methods: The records of 299 patients with fibromyalgia (274 female, 25 male) and 128 patients with local painful conditions (114 female, 14 male) between April 2019 and 2020 were examined, including measurements of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, vitamin B12, ferritin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein. Results: The levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D were low in both groups, with levels below 30 ng/ml in 90.3% of all patients. However, there was no significant difference in vitamin B12 and ferritin levels between the two groups, and the levels of these markers were within normal limits in both groups. Correlation analysis showed that vitamin D levels were significantly correlated with vitamin B12 (P<0.001, r=0.211) and ferritin (P=0.005, r=0.337) levels in patients with fibromyalgia but not in the other group. Conclusion: Consistent with our hypothesis, an association was found between vitamin D levels and vitamin B12 and ferritin levels in fibromyalgia. However, this correlation was not found in patients with local painful conditions.
背景/目的：考虑到炎症对纤维肌痛和小肠的影响，我们假设维生素 D 缺乏可能会导致炎症，并影响纤维肌痛患者的维生素 B12 和铁蛋白水平。我们的目标是1）比较纤维肌痛患者和局部疼痛患者的维生素 D、维生素 B12 和铁蛋白水平；2）评估维生素 D 水平与维生素 B12 和铁蛋白水平的相关性。研究方法研究了2019年4月至2020年期间299名纤维肌痛患者（女性274人，男性25人）和128名局部疼痛患者（女性114人，男性14人）的病历，包括25-羟基维生素D、维生素B12、铁蛋白、红细胞沉降率和C反应蛋白的测量结果。研究结果两组患者的 25- 羟基维生素 D 水平均较低，90.3% 的患者低于 30 纳克/毫升。然而，两组患者的维生素 B12 和铁蛋白水平无明显差异，且两组患者的这些指标水平均在正常范围内。相关性分析表明，纤维肌痛患者的维生素 D 水平与维生素 B12（P<0.001，r=0.211）和铁蛋白（P=0.005，r=0.337）水平显著相关，而另一组患者则不相关。结论与我们的假设一致，纤维肌痛患者的维生素 D 水平与维生素 B12 和铁蛋白水平之间存在关联。然而，在局部疼痛患者中却没有发现这种相关性。
{"title":"Does the levels of vitamin D correlate with the levels of vitamin B12 and ferritin in fibromyalgia?","authors":"Fulya Bakılan, Burcu Ortanca, Ayşe Ekim, Fezan Sahin Mutlu","doi":"10.28982/josam.7521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7521","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Considering the effects of inflammation on fibromyalgia and the small intestine, we hypothesize that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to inflammation and affect vitamin B12 and ferritin levels in patients with fibromyalgia. The objectives were: 1) to compare the levels of vitamin D, vitamin B12, and ferritin in patients with fibromyalgia and patients who have local painful conditions, and 2) to evaluate the correlation of vitamin D levels with vitamin B12 and ferritin levels. Methods: The records of 299 patients with fibromyalgia (274 female, 25 male) and 128 patients with local painful conditions (114 female, 14 male) between April 2019 and 2020 were examined, including measurements of 25-hydroxy vitamin D, vitamin B12, ferritin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein. Results: The levels of 25-hydroxy vitamin D were low in both groups, with levels below 30 ng/ml in 90.3% of all patients. However, there was no significant difference in vitamin B12 and ferritin levels between the two groups, and the levels of these markers were within normal limits in both groups. Correlation analysis showed that vitamin D levels were significantly correlated with vitamin B12 (P<0.001, r=0.211) and ferritin (P=0.005, r=0.337) levels in patients with fibromyalgia but not in the other group. Conclusion: Consistent with our hypothesis, an association was found between vitamin D levels and vitamin B12 and ferritin levels in fibromyalgia. However, this correlation was not found in patients with local painful conditions.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":"246 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139257945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eyüp Çetin, M. E. Akyol, Özkan Arabacı, Onur Tutan, Harun Arslan
Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a rare neurological emergency affecting the spinal cord. The etiology of SSEH is unknown, but it may occur due to using anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, which are commonly used to treat vascular diseases. Because of its rarity and non-specific initial symptoms, early and accurate diagnosis can be difficult, potentially negatively impacting a patient's survival and quality of life. In this report, we present the case of a young male patient with SSEH who had no comorbidities, did not use anticoagulants, and presented with sudden-onset neck pain without predisposing factors. Regarding survival and prognosis, postoperative patient follow-up is equally important as prompt diagnosis and treatment of SSEH.
{"title":"Spontaneous posterior cervical epidural hematoma: A case report","authors":"Eyüp Çetin, M. E. Akyol, Özkan Arabacı, Onur Tutan, Harun Arslan","doi":"10.28982/josam.7383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7383","url":null,"abstract":"Spontaneous spinal epidural hematoma (SSEH) is a rare neurological emergency affecting the spinal cord. The etiology of SSEH is unknown, but it may occur due to using anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents, which are commonly used to treat vascular diseases. Because of its rarity and non-specific initial symptoms, early and accurate diagnosis can be difficult, potentially negatively impacting a patient's survival and quality of life. In this report, we present the case of a young male patient with SSEH who had no comorbidities, did not use anticoagulants, and presented with sudden-onset neck pain without predisposing factors. Regarding survival and prognosis, postoperative patient follow-up is equally important as prompt diagnosis and treatment of SSEH.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":"2 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139254834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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