Background/Aim: Existing research on herniated discs in adolescents primarily focuses on surgical interventions and outcomes, with fewer studies investigating the effectiveness of non-surgical therapies. The correlation between obesity, facet tropism, lumbosacral transitional vertebrae, trauma, certain sports activities, and herniated discs in adolescents is well-documented. Comparable to adults, a sedentary lifestyle in adolescents potentially carries a significant risk of developing disc degeneration and herniation. Consequently, this study aims to examine the relationship between increased digital device usage, decreased physical activity, and the onset of disc pathologies in adolescents. Methods: The study group included 94 patients aged between 10 and 16 years diagnosed with cervical (CDH), thoracic (TDH), and lumbar (LDH) disc disease. For each participant, the individual daily usage time spent on desktop computers, tablets, laptops, and mobile phones and the total time spent on all digital devices were evaluated. Their level of physical activity was also assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF). The study eliminated causes such as listhesis, facet tropism, lumbosacral transitional vertebra, trauma, and sports injuries that could prompt the development of these spinal pathologies. Additionally, other conditions that might cause spinal pain, such as scoliosis, rheumatological diseases with spinal involvement, tumors, and myofascial pain, were also ruled out. Results: The average age of all patients was 13.44 (2.07) years. A majority were women (n=55), comprising 58.50% of the sample. Of the patients, 60.64% had CDH, 12.77% had TDH, and 75.53% had LDH. The amount of physical activity and time spent on digital devices were similar across both genders (P=0.194 and P=0.770). A significant correlation was found between CDH and the time spent on tablets, laptops, and mobile phones (P<0.001). Again, a significant correlation was observed between LDH, usage of desktop computers, total time spent on all digital devices, and the IPAQ-SF score for low physical activity (P<0.001). Conclusion: The prevalence and duration of digital device use among adolescents are increasing, while physical activity is decreasing. Our study indicates that this situation may be linked to the development of disc degeneration and hernias. Understanding this association can help reduce treatment and rehabilitation costs and prevent the potential loss of workability and quality of life resulting from a herniated disc. Consequently, additional comparative research on this topic is crucial.
{"title":"The relationship between intervertebral disc pathologies and the use of digital devices and lack of physical activity in adolescents","authors":"Asli Ozmaden Hantal, M. Iptec","doi":"10.28982/josam.8082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.8082","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Existing research on herniated discs in adolescents primarily focuses on surgical interventions and outcomes, with fewer studies investigating the effectiveness of non-surgical therapies. The correlation between obesity, facet tropism, lumbosacral transitional vertebrae, trauma, certain sports activities, and herniated discs in adolescents is well-documented. Comparable to adults, a sedentary lifestyle in adolescents potentially carries a significant risk of developing disc degeneration and herniation. Consequently, this study aims to examine the relationship between increased digital device usage, decreased physical activity, and the onset of disc pathologies in adolescents.\u0000Methods: The study group included 94 patients aged between 10 and 16 years diagnosed with cervical (CDH), thoracic (TDH), and lumbar (LDH) disc disease. For each participant, the individual daily usage time spent on desktop computers, tablets, laptops, and mobile phones and the total time spent on all digital devices were evaluated. Their level of physical activity was also assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire – Short Form (IPAQ-SF). The study eliminated causes such as listhesis, facet tropism, lumbosacral transitional vertebra, trauma, and sports injuries that could prompt the development of these spinal pathologies. Additionally, other conditions that might cause spinal pain, such as scoliosis, rheumatological diseases with spinal involvement, tumors, and myofascial pain, were also ruled out.\u0000Results: The average age of all patients was 13.44 (2.07) years. A majority were women (n=55), comprising 58.50% of the sample. Of the patients, 60.64% had CDH, 12.77% had TDH, and 75.53% had LDH. The amount of physical activity and time spent on digital devices were similar across both genders (P=0.194 and P=0.770). A significant correlation was found between CDH and the time spent on tablets, laptops, and mobile phones (P<0.001). Again, a significant correlation was observed between LDH, usage of desktop computers, total time spent on all digital devices, and the IPAQ-SF score for low physical activity (P<0.001).\u0000Conclusion: The prevalence and duration of digital device use among adolescents are increasing, while physical activity is decreasing. Our study indicates that this situation may be linked to the development of disc degeneration and hernias. Understanding this association can help reduce treatment and rehabilitation costs and prevent the potential loss of workability and quality of life resulting from a herniated disc. Consequently, additional comparative research on this topic is crucial.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":"51 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141814847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is among the most common surgeries in adults and is increasing in the pediatric age group. However, data are lacking on complications of the surgery and their treatment in children. Although many case series can be found that address hepatic artery injury after cholecystectomy in adults, we could not find similar publications in the English literature relating to the pediatric age group. This report shares the complex diagnosis and treatment process of a six-year-old female patient who presented with jaundice eight months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. During the treatment process, it was observed that the common bile duct went into lysis in the late period due to haptic artery injury. The treatment continued with redo hepaticojejunostomy and catheters passed through the anastomosis line in the patient, who had anastomotic stenosis after hepaticojejunostomy. Twenty-four months after the patient’s first operation, she had no active complaints. Complications may occur months after a cholecystectomy. In this case, arterial injury should be kept in mind. We wanted to contribute by presenting the first case in the literature on hepatic artery injury in the pediatric age group.
{"title":"Hepatic artery injury in a six-year-old patient after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: A management challenge","authors":"Zeliha Akış Yıldız, Şeyma Meliha Su, Z. İlçe","doi":"10.28982/josam.7667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7667","url":null,"abstract":"Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is among the most common surgeries in adults and is increasing in the pediatric age group. However, data are lacking on complications of the surgery and their treatment in children. Although many case series can be found that address hepatic artery injury after cholecystectomy in adults, we could not find similar publications in the English literature relating to the pediatric age group. This report shares the complex diagnosis and treatment process of a six-year-old female patient who presented with jaundice eight months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. During the treatment process, it was observed that the common bile duct went into lysis in the late period due to haptic artery injury. The treatment continued with redo hepaticojejunostomy and catheters passed through the anastomosis line in the patient, who had anastomotic stenosis after hepaticojejunostomy. Twenty-four months after the patient’s first operation, she had no active complaints. Complications may occur months after a cholecystectomy. In this case, arterial injury should be kept in mind. We wanted to contribute by presenting the first case in the literature on hepatic artery injury in the pediatric age group.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":"126 47","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141656829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aim: The effect of surgical intervention on the quality of life and survival of patients presenting with metastatic breast cancer is a controversial issue. In this study, we aimed to reveal the survival, clinical, and pathological differences in patients with breast cancer who had metastatic disease at diagnosis and who underwent and did not undergo surgery for the primary tumor in our clinic and to evaluate the efficacy of surgical approach on the course of the disease. Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the data of patients with metastatic breast cancer in our clinics between January 2000 and June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The study included those with primary metastatic disease. The study did not include male patients, patients with primary non-breast tumors, those who died of causes unrelated to breast cancer, those who underwent surgery for metastatic foci other than the primary tumor, and those who could not be followed up regularly for various reasons. In our study, there were two groups; those who received only systemic therapy were assigned to Group 1, while those who underwent surgical treatment for the primary tumor were assigned to Group 2. The clinicopathological and survival data of the groups were examined. Results: Surgical intervention was performed on 62 of our patients. The 4-year survival rates were higher than those who did not undergo surgery (Group 1: 59.6 [14.7%], Group 2: 83.5 [6%]). The comparison of the two groups showed a longer median survival in patients in Group 2 who underwent surgery, albeit not statistically significant (77 [11.23] months in Group 1 and 84 [18.91] months in Group 2 [P=0.16]). Conclusion: In conclusion, our study showed that surgical treatment may have positive effects on survival.
{"title":"The role of surgery in stage IV breast cancer: Clinical experiences of 62 patients","authors":"H. Taşcı, A. Varman, Selman Alkan","doi":"10.28982/josam.7714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7714","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: The effect of surgical intervention on the quality of life and survival of patients presenting with metastatic breast cancer is a controversial issue. In this study, we aimed to reveal the survival, clinical, and pathological differences in patients with breast cancer who had metastatic disease at diagnosis and who underwent and did not undergo surgery for the primary tumor in our clinic and to evaluate the efficacy of surgical approach on the course of the disease.\u0000Methods: In this retrospective cohort study, the data of patients with metastatic breast cancer in our clinics between January 2000 and June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The study included those with primary metastatic disease. The study did not include male patients, patients with primary non-breast tumors, those who died of causes unrelated to breast cancer, those who underwent surgery for metastatic foci other than the primary tumor, and those who could not be followed up regularly for various reasons. In our study, there were two groups; those who received only systemic therapy were assigned to Group 1, while those who underwent surgical treatment for the primary tumor were assigned to Group 2. The clinicopathological and survival data of the groups were examined.\u0000Results: Surgical intervention was performed on 62 of our patients. The 4-year survival rates were higher than those who did not undergo surgery (Group 1: 59.6 [14.7%], Group 2: 83.5 [6%]). The comparison of the two groups showed a longer median survival in patients in Group 2 who underwent surgery, albeit not statistically significant (77 [11.23] months in Group 1 and 84 [18.91] months in Group 2 [P=0.16]).\u0000Conclusion: In conclusion, our study showed that surgical treatment may have positive effects on survival.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":"108 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141683598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aim: Hormonal contraceptives can carry risks, particularly for women with chronic conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. A wide range of basic science, animal, and human studies indicate an enduringly heightened risk of venous thromboembolism, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke associated with birth control hormones (estrogen and progestogen). According to the guidelines, women aged 35 and over considering hormonal contraceptives should be evaluated for vascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors. However, the number of studies on this subject is insufficient. This study aimed to assess the use of hormonal contraceptive methods and the knowledge levels of women with cardiological symptoms and diseases attending a cardiology outpatient clinic. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with cardiological problems (diagnosed or being treated at the Cardiology Polyclinic) of women between the ages of 18 and 45. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Sociodemographic Characteristics Form and the Structured Contraception Knowledge Level Form. The study sample consisted of 190 women visiting a state hospital’s Cardiology Polyclinic in Istanbul between October 2019 and January 2020. Results: Among the participants, 24.8% used hormonal contraceptives, and 15.8% reported facing problems while using them, most commonly experiencing constant headaches (53.3%) and iron deficiency (30%). The study revealed that 7.9% of the participants had cardiovascular disease, with 52.1% experiencing cardiological symptoms, such as palpitations and rapid heartbeat. A total of 24.7% had received family planning counseling, and 59.6% believed that counseling influenced their contraceptive choices. Those who received counseling showed greater knowledge regarding the safety of progesterone-only birth control pills for women with heart disease. Conclusion: Women with cardiovascular disease should be well informed about the risks associated with hormonal contraceptives. The study emphasizes the importance of counseling services provided by nurses in cardiology and obstetrics clinics to guide women toward safer contraceptive options. Continuous monitoring and education are essential to ensure women’s health and safety in contraceptive choices.
{"title":"Evaluation of the use of hormonal contraceptive methods and awareness of a group of women with cardiological symptoms and diseases","authors":"Hülya Tosun, M. Ayvaz","doi":"10.28982/josam.7598","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7598","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Hormonal contraceptives can carry risks, particularly for women with chronic conditions such as heart disease and diabetes. A wide range of basic science, animal, and human studies indicate an enduringly heightened risk of venous thromboembolism, hypertension, myocardial infarction, and ischemic stroke associated with birth control hormones (estrogen and progestogen). According to the guidelines, women aged 35 and over considering hormonal contraceptives should be evaluated for vascular diseases and cardiovascular risk factors. However, the number of studies on this subject is insufficient. This study aimed to assess the use of hormonal contraceptive methods and the knowledge levels of women with cardiological symptoms and diseases attending a cardiology outpatient clinic.\u0000Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with cardiological problems (diagnosed or being treated at the Cardiology Polyclinic) of women between the ages of 18 and 45. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews using the Sociodemographic Characteristics Form and the Structured Contraception Knowledge Level Form. The study sample consisted of 190 women visiting a state hospital’s Cardiology Polyclinic in Istanbul between October 2019 and January 2020.\u0000Results: Among the participants, 24.8% used hormonal contraceptives, and 15.8% reported facing problems while using them, most commonly experiencing constant headaches (53.3%) and iron deficiency (30%). The study revealed that 7.9% of the participants had cardiovascular disease, with 52.1% experiencing cardiological symptoms, such as palpitations and rapid heartbeat. A total of 24.7% had received family planning counseling, and 59.6% believed that counseling influenced their contraceptive choices. Those who received counseling showed greater knowledge regarding the safety of progesterone-only birth control pills for women with heart disease.\u0000Conclusion: Women with cardiovascular disease should be well informed about the risks associated with hormonal contraceptives. The study emphasizes the importance of counseling services provided by nurses in cardiology and obstetrics clinics to guide women toward safer contraceptive options. Continuous monitoring and education are essential to ensure women’s health and safety in contraceptive choices.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":"53 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141687769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erdoğan Bülbül, Hasan Çanakçı, Bahar Yanık, H. Yazıcı, E. Akay
The audio-vestibular symptoms caused by the partial absence of the bony structure surrounding the superior semicircular canal (SCC) are known as superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS). The dehiscence region can be seen in high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Dehiscence is often seen at the arcuate eminence level in the apical region of the SCC. The superior petrosal sinus may rarely course in the vicinity of the medial wall of the SCC and can even cause SCDS. The vascular origin of the dehiscence cannot be exactly determined in routine HRCT without contrast agent administration. In the literature, the use of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been reported in a small number of cases to demonstrate this pathology. There may be a relationship between the degree of dehiscence demonstrated by MRI and the patient's symptoms. Here, we present a case that is thought to be superior petrosal sinus dehiscence to SCC using HRCT. Contrast-enhanced arterial and venous phase 3D T1-weighted MRI was performed for the confirmation of the diagnosis, but there was no good correlation between the degree of radiological dehiscence and symptoms in contrast to the previous literature.
{"title":"Clinico-radiologic discordance: A case of superior semicircular canal dehiscence by superior petrosal sinus","authors":"Erdoğan Bülbül, Hasan Çanakçı, Bahar Yanık, H. Yazıcı, E. Akay","doi":"10.28982/josam.7689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7689","url":null,"abstract":"The audio-vestibular symptoms caused by the partial absence of the bony structure surrounding the superior semicircular canal (SCC) are known as superior canal dehiscence syndrome (SCDS). The dehiscence region can be seen in high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT). Dehiscence is often seen at the arcuate eminence level in the apical region of the SCC. The superior petrosal sinus may rarely course in the vicinity of the medial wall of the SCC and can even cause SCDS. The vascular origin of the dehiscence cannot be exactly determined in routine HRCT without contrast agent administration. In the literature, the use of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been reported in a small number of cases to demonstrate this pathology. There may be a relationship between the degree of dehiscence demonstrated by MRI and the patient's symptoms. Here, we present a case that is thought to be superior petrosal sinus dehiscence to SCC using HRCT. Contrast-enhanced arterial and venous phase 3D T1-weighted MRI was performed for the confirmation of the diagnosis, but there was no good correlation between the degree of radiological dehiscence and symptoms in contrast to the previous literature.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":"29 16","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141342792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aim: The most popular surgical procedure for treating coronary artery diseases is coronary artery bypass graft surgery. However, the comfort that patients experience after coronary artery bypass graft surgery varies considerably. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the impact of preoperative training on postoperative comfort in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Methods: This study was conducted as a quasi-experimental research investigation the cardiovascular surgery clinic of Edirne Sultan Murat I State Hospital from December 2019 through December 2020. It included 46 patients aged 18–65 who were undergoing their first coronary artery bypass graft surgery and volunteered to participate. The patients in the experimental group (23 individuals), were provided preoperative training; no interventions were made with the patients in the control group. The General Comfort Questionnaire was administered to all of the patients prior to discharge. The necessary ethical and institutional approvals were obtained before the study. Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Non-randomized Designs was used as the research reporting guideline. Results: The postoperative General Comfort Questionnaire total score (P<0.001), mean scores of all sub-dimensions (P<0.001) and comfort levels of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.001). Preoperative training therefore had a positive impact on postoperative comfort level. Conclusion: Preoperative training provided to patients improved their postoperative comfort. It is recommended that surgical nurses increase patient comfort by providing patient training before coronary artery bypass graft surgery and that nurses should be supported in administering patient training.
{"title":"The effect of preoperative training provided to patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery on postoperative comfort","authors":"Ayşe Şahin, Figen Dığın","doi":"10.28982/josam.7963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7963","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: The most popular surgical procedure for treating coronary artery diseases is coronary artery bypass graft surgery. However, the comfort that patients experience after coronary artery bypass graft surgery varies considerably. The purpose of this study is to ascertain the impact of preoperative training on postoperative comfort in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery.\u0000Methods: This study was conducted as a quasi-experimental research investigation the cardiovascular surgery clinic of Edirne Sultan Murat I State Hospital from December 2019 through December 2020. It included 46 patients aged 18–65 who were undergoing their first coronary artery bypass graft surgery and volunteered to participate. The patients in the experimental group (23 individuals), were provided preoperative training; no interventions were made with the patients in the control group. The General Comfort Questionnaire was administered to all of the patients prior to discharge. The necessary ethical and institutional approvals were obtained before the study. Transparent Reporting of Evaluations with Non-randomized Designs was used as the research reporting guideline.\u0000Results: The postoperative General Comfort Questionnaire total score (P<0.001), mean scores of all sub-dimensions (P<0.001) and comfort levels of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group (P<0.001). Preoperative training therefore had a positive impact on postoperative comfort level.\u0000Conclusion: Preoperative training provided to patients improved their postoperative comfort. It is recommended that surgical nurses increase patient comfort by providing patient training before coronary artery bypass graft surgery and that nurses should be supported in administering patient training.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":" 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141373401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aim: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), despite being the most prescribed medications today, have generated controversy due to their potential impact on bone metabolism. Numerous studies have emphasized the potential of prolonged PPI use to reduce bone mineral density, thereby increasing the risk of bone fractures among elderly and young individuals. However, the precise impact of PPI usage for 1 year or less on bone mineral density in young adults remains incompletely understood. Method: In this retrospective cohort study, we conducted a comprehensive review of all dual x-ray bone densitometric examinations conducted on females under 40 years old at our tertiary care center between 2010 and 2014. Among the initial 685 patients assessed, 117 samples met the predefined inclusion criteria and were consequently enrolled in the study. Subsequently, the enrolled cases were categorized into three distinct groups: Group 1 (n=46), which received PPI treatment for less than six months; Group 2 (n=31), which received PPIs for a duration ranging from 6 to 12 months; and Group 3 (n=40), comprising individuals with no history of PPI use, thus serving as the control group. Comprehensive baseline descriptive data, encompassing bone mineral density, t-scores, and z-scores, were meticulously compared among the three groups mentioned above. Results: The overall mean age of the study population was 32.84 (5.27) years, with an age range spanning from 20 to 40 years. No statistically significant differences in age were discerned among the three groups. Similarly, the groups exhibited no significant body mass index (BMI) variations. Noteworthy findings emerged after examining the effects of PPI usage on bone mineral density, z-scores, and t-scores across the three groups. Specifically, the data suggested that PPIs might influence t-scores (Group 1: -0.48 (0.77); Group 2: -1.25 (0.86); Group 3: -0.33 (0.78)), yielding an F-value of 13.28 for (2.116), signifying statistical significance at P<0.001. Moreover, the observed mean square error (MSE) was 64, while the effect size (eta²) was 0.19. Subsequent post-hoc Tukey tests indicated a significant distinction in the T-score of Group 2 compared to the other two groups. Furthermore, the analysis of z-scores (Group 1: 0.46 (0.79); Group 2: -1.27 (0.76); Group 3: -0.35 (0.86)) revealed a similar trend, with an F-value of 13.21 for (2.116) and a P-value below 0.001. The corresponding MSE was 0.65, and the eta² stood at 0.19. Additional post-hoc Tukey tests indicated that the Z-score of Group 2 significantly diverged from the other groups. However, it is noteworthy that both t and z-scores for Group 1 and Group 3 did not exhibit statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Prolonged use of PPIs for durations surpassing 6 months may potentially reduce bone mineral density among young adults. Nevertheless, this observed impact does not attain clinically significant levels of osteopenia. Conversely, using PPIs for per
背景/目的：尽管质子泵抑制剂（PPI）是目前处方量最大的药物，但由于其对骨代谢的潜在影响而引发争议。大量研究强调，长期服用 PPI 有可能降低骨矿物质密度，从而增加老年人和年轻人骨折的风险。然而，使用 PPI 1 年或更短时间对年轻成年人骨矿物质密度的确切影响仍不完全清楚：在这项回顾性队列研究中，我们对 2010 年至 2014 年期间在我们的三级医疗中心对 40 岁以下女性进行的所有双 X 射线骨密度检查进行了全面回顾。在最初评估的 685 例患者中，有 117 例样本符合预定义的纳入标准，因此被纳入研究。随后，入选病例被分为三个不同的组别：第一组（46 人）接受 PPI 治疗的时间不足 6 个月；第二组（31 人）接受 PPI 治疗的时间为 6 至 12 个月；第三组（40 人）无 PPI 使用史，作为对照组。对上述三组的综合基线描述性数据（包括骨矿密度、T值和Z值）进行了细致的比较：研究对象的总体平均年龄为 32.84 (5.27)岁，年龄跨度为 20 至 40 岁。三个组别在年龄上没有明显的统计学差异。同样，各组的体重指数（BMI）也没有明显差异。在研究了使用 PPI 对三组人群的骨矿物质密度、z 值和 t 值的影响后，得出了值得注意的发现。具体来说，数据表明 PPI 可能会影响 t 值（第 1 组：-0.48 (0.77)；第 2 组：-1.25 (0.86)；第 3 组：-0.33 (0.78)），得出 (2.116) 的 F 值为 13.28，表明 P<0.001 具有统计学意义。此外，观察到的均方误差（MSE）为 64，效应大小（eta²）为 0.19。随后的事后 Tukey 检验表明，与其他两组相比，第 2 组的 T 评分有显著差异。此外，z-分数分析（第 1 组：0.46 (0.79)；第 2 组：-1.27 (0.76)；第 3 组：-0.35 (0.86)）也显示了类似的趋势，F 值为 13.21 (2.116)，P 值低于 0.001。相应的 MSE 为 0.65，eta² 为 0.19。额外的事后 Tukey 检验表明，第 2 组的 Z 值与其他组有明显差异。然而，值得注意的是，第 1 组和第 3 组的 t 值和 z 值在统计学上没有明显差异：结论：长期服用 PPIs 超过 6 个月可能会降低年轻人的骨质密度。尽管如此，观察到的这种影响并没有达到具有临床意义的骨质疏松症水平。相反，使用 PPIs 不足 6 个月也不会对骨矿物质密度产生明显影响。
{"title":"Bone mineral changes in young adult females on short-term proton pump inhibitor: A retrospective cohort study","authors":"Omer Kucukdemirci, Korhan Kapucu, Osman Mavis","doi":"10.28982/josam.7690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7690","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), despite being the most prescribed medications today, have generated controversy due to their potential impact on bone metabolism. Numerous studies have emphasized the potential of prolonged PPI use to reduce bone mineral density, thereby increasing the risk of bone fractures among elderly and young individuals. However, the precise impact of PPI usage for 1 year or less on bone mineral density in young adults remains incompletely understood.\u0000Method: In this retrospective cohort study, we conducted a comprehensive review of all dual x-ray bone densitometric examinations conducted on females under 40 years old at our tertiary care center between 2010 and 2014. Among the initial 685 patients assessed, 117 samples met the predefined inclusion criteria and were consequently enrolled in the study. Subsequently, the enrolled cases were categorized into three distinct groups: Group 1 (n=46), which received PPI treatment for less than six months; Group 2 (n=31), which received PPIs for a duration ranging from 6 to 12 months; and Group 3 (n=40), comprising individuals with no history of PPI use, thus serving as the control group. Comprehensive baseline descriptive data, encompassing bone mineral density, t-scores, and z-scores, were meticulously compared among the three groups mentioned above.\u0000Results: The overall mean age of the study population was 32.84 (5.27) years, with an age range spanning from 20 to 40 years. No statistically significant differences in age were discerned among the three groups. Similarly, the groups exhibited no significant body mass index (BMI) variations. Noteworthy findings emerged after examining the effects of PPI usage on bone mineral density, z-scores, and t-scores across the three groups. Specifically, the data suggested that PPIs might influence t-scores (Group 1: -0.48 (0.77); Group 2: -1.25 (0.86); Group 3: -0.33 (0.78)), yielding an F-value of 13.28 for (2.116), signifying statistical significance at P<0.001. Moreover, the observed mean square error (MSE) was 64, while the effect size (eta²) was 0.19. Subsequent post-hoc Tukey tests indicated a significant distinction in the T-score of Group 2 compared to the other two groups. Furthermore, the analysis of z-scores (Group 1: 0.46 (0.79); Group 2: -1.27 (0.76); Group 3: -0.35 (0.86)) revealed a similar trend, with an F-value of 13.21 for (2.116) and a P-value below 0.001. The corresponding MSE was 0.65, and the eta² stood at 0.19. Additional post-hoc Tukey tests indicated that the Z-score of Group 2 significantly diverged from the other groups. However, it is noteworthy that both t and z-scores for Group 1 and Group 3 did not exhibit statistically significant differences.\u0000Conclusion: Prolonged use of PPIs for durations surpassing 6 months may potentially reduce bone mineral density among young adults. Nevertheless, this observed impact does not attain clinically significant levels of osteopenia. Conversely, using PPIs for per","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":"29 52","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140980285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paraneoplastic Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome (POMA) is a rare neurological condition that affects approximately 1 in 10,000,000 people annually. This syndrome is poorly understood and can lead to long-term cognitive, behavioral, and motor complications. Opsoclonus is characterized by involuntary, rapid, repetitive, multi-vectorial oscillations of the eyes occurring in all directions of gaze. It is accompanied by diffuse or focal body myoclonus and may or may not include ataxia and other cerebellar signs. POMA is typically a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with neuroblastoma in childhood and breast carcinoma or small-cell lung carcinoma in adults. Additionally, viral or toxic agents are known to play a role in its etiology, and the immune system is involved in the pathogenesis. We report a case of a 41-year-old man with anti-Ri antibody opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome and parotid adenocarcinoma involvement. After diagnosing opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, the patient underwent multimodal immunotherapy treatment, resulting in partial remission of the neurological symptoms.
副肿瘤性肌阵挛-肌阵挛共济失调综合征（POMA）是一种罕见的神经系统疾病，每年约有 1/10,000,000 人患病。人们对这种综合征的了解还很有限，它可能导致长期的认知、行为和运动并发症。眼球震颤症的特征是眼睛在所有注视方向上出现不自主、快速、重复、多矢量的摆动。它伴有弥漫性或局灶性肢体肌阵挛，可能会也可能不会出现共济失调和其他小脑症状。POMA 通常是一种与儿童神经母细胞瘤和成人乳腺癌或小细胞肺癌相关的副肿瘤综合征。此外，已知病毒或毒物也是其病因之一，免疫系统也参与了发病机制。我们报告了一例 41 岁男性抗 Ri 抗体 "opsoclonus-肌阵挛综合征 "和腮腺腺癌受累病例。确诊为opsoclonus-肌阵挛综合征后，患者接受了多模式免疫疗法治疗，结果神经症状得到部分缓解。
{"title":"Paraneoplastic opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome as a rare presentation of parotid adenocarcinoma","authors":"B. Yılmaz","doi":"10.28982/josam.7701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7701","url":null,"abstract":"Paraneoplastic Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Ataxia Syndrome (POMA) is a rare neurological condition that affects approximately 1 in 10,000,000 people annually. This syndrome is poorly understood and can lead to long-term cognitive, behavioral, and motor complications. Opsoclonus is characterized by involuntary, rapid, repetitive, multi-vectorial oscillations of the eyes occurring in all directions of gaze. It is accompanied by diffuse or focal body myoclonus and may or may not include ataxia and other cerebellar signs. POMA is typically a paraneoplastic syndrome associated with neuroblastoma in childhood and breast carcinoma or small-cell lung carcinoma in adults. Additionally, viral or toxic agents are known to play a role in its etiology, and the immune system is involved in the pathogenesis. We report a case of a 41-year-old man with anti-Ri antibody opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome and parotid adenocarcinoma involvement. After diagnosing opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, the patient underwent multimodal immunotherapy treatment, resulting in partial remission of the neurological symptoms.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140993089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Stereotactic surgery is a technique that can be used to locate small targets in the body and administer interventions and/or treatments, such as injections, to the specific target. Stereotactic surgery is frequently used to create neurological disease models in experimental research in addition to clinical practice. The injection is administered with appropriate glass injectors using the rodent brain coordinate atlas after the specific brain region is determined. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, has no curative treatment yet. AD models can be created in rodents through stereotactic surgery and injections of different substances. These AD models represent the disease and are frequently used especially for drug development studies. AD-like models seem to examine different and unidirectional developmental mechanisms according to the creating way. However, AD is a multidirectional disease. AD rodent models created using different methods have specific properties. This review aims to explain the basic aspects of stereotactic surgery and to discuss AD rodent models created with this surgical technique and also with alternate methods.
立体定向手术是一种可用于定位体内小目标并对特定目标进行干预和/或治疗（如注射）的技术。除临床实践外，立体定向手术还经常用于在实验研究中创建神经疾病模型。在确定特定脑区后，使用啮齿类动物大脑坐标图谱，用适当的玻璃注射器进行注射。阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的痴呆症病因，目前尚无治疗方法。通过立体定向手术和注射不同物质，可以在啮齿类动物体内创建阿尔茨海默病模型。这些阿狄森氏病模型代表了这种疾病，尤其常用于药物开发研究。根据创建方式，AD 类模型似乎可以研究不同的单向发育机制。然而，AD 是一种多向疾病。使用不同方法创建的 AD 啮齿动物模型具有特定的属性。本综述旨在解释立体定向手术的基本方面，并讨论用这种手术技术和其他方法创建的AD啮齿动物模型。
{"title":"Stereotactic surgery and its application in Alzheimer’s disease rat models","authors":"Esra Tekin","doi":"10.28982/josam.7643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7643","url":null,"abstract":"Stereotactic surgery is a technique that can be used to locate small targets in the body and administer interventions and/or treatments, such as injections, to the specific target. Stereotactic surgery is frequently used to create neurological disease models in experimental research in addition to clinical practice. The injection is administered with appropriate glass injectors using the rodent brain coordinate atlas after the specific brain region is determined. Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, has no curative treatment yet. AD models can be created in rodents through stereotactic surgery and injections of different substances. These AD models represent the disease and are frequently used especially for drug development studies. AD-like models seem to examine different and unidirectional developmental mechanisms according to the creating way. However, AD is a multidirectional disease. AD rodent models created using different methods have specific properties. This review aims to explain the basic aspects of stereotactic surgery and to discuss AD rodent models created with this surgical technique and also with alternate methods.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140997037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background/Aim: Stroke is a significant cause of death along with malignant neoplasm and cardiovascular disease. Comorbidities and laboratory abnormalities are common in stroke patients. Imaging methods are the gold standard in the differential diagnoses of stroke, but they are not used sufficiently to diagnose stroke, especially in underdeveloped countries. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between electrolytes and clinical outcomes in patients with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. Methods: Patients diagnosed with a stroke in the emergency department for one year were reviewed for this retrospective cohort study. We separated the patients into two groups, hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, according to their diagnosis. Demographic, clinical features, laboratory, and imaging results were compared for the two groups. Potassium and sodium variables and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to predict the stroke status of individuals. Results: In total, we included 321 patients in our study; 114 (35.5%) patients had experienced a hemorrhagic stroke, and 207 (64.5%) patients had had an ischemic stroke. In the hemorrhagic stroke group, 64% were males, while 50.2% of the ischemic stroke group were males. The most common chronic disease was found to be hypertension in both groups (42.1% (hemorrhagic) and 33.3% (ischemic)). There was a statistically significant difference in the comparison of potassium and sodium parameters and diagnostic groups (P=0.021 and P=0.036). In addition, hypokalemia was found to be significant in the diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke (P<0.001). Conclusion: Using potassium levels in the differential diagnosis of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke is especially useful in the management of patients who cannot undergo imaging.
{"title":"Association of potassium and sodium parameters with the type of stroke","authors":"Şule Yakar, Necmi Baykan","doi":"10.28982/josam.7632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.28982/josam.7632","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aim: Stroke is a significant cause of death along with malignant neoplasm and cardiovascular disease. Comorbidities and laboratory abnormalities are common in stroke patients. Imaging methods are the gold standard in the differential diagnoses of stroke, but they are not used sufficiently to diagnose stroke, especially in underdeveloped countries. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between electrolytes and clinical outcomes in patients with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke.\u0000Methods: Patients diagnosed with a stroke in the emergency department for one year were reviewed for this retrospective cohort study. We separated the patients into two groups, hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, according to their diagnosis. Demographic, clinical features, laboratory, and imaging results were compared for the two groups. Potassium and sodium variables and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were used to predict the stroke status of individuals.\u0000Results: In total, we included 321 patients in our study; 114 (35.5%) patients had experienced a hemorrhagic stroke, and 207 (64.5%) patients had had an ischemic stroke. In the hemorrhagic stroke group, 64% were males, while 50.2% of the ischemic stroke group were males. The most common chronic disease was found to be hypertension in both groups (42.1% (hemorrhagic) and 33.3% (ischemic)). There was a statistically significant difference in the comparison of potassium and sodium parameters and diagnostic groups (P=0.021 and P=0.036). In addition, hypokalemia was found to be significant in the diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke (P<0.001).\u0000Conclusion: Using potassium levels in the differential diagnosis of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke is especially useful in the management of patients who cannot undergo imaging.","PeriodicalId":508175,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surgery and Medicine","volume":"21 43","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141005798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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