Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.25088/complexsystems.32.1.57
Tomoko Sakiyama
The Game of Life (GoL), which produces complex patterns of life, has been employed to describe biological systems through self-organized criticality and scale-free properties. This paper develops two novel GoL models. One model allows each cell to update the time for the state update following interactions with other local cells using parameter tuning. Thus, individual cells replace their behaviors from intermittent state updates with continuous ones. The system evolves unpredictably close to a critical point and occasionally close to extinction for the alive population if an adequate parameter is chosen. This event occurs with a power-law tailed time interval and presents synchronous behaviors, since individual cells modify their state-update intervals and create time continuity. The other model is the same except that the system evolves unpredictably without any parameter tuning. In the second model, actions of individual cells are tuned not by a fixed parameter but by the surrounding situation. We found that the GoL system in the second model behaved in a similar manner in the first model, which suggests that that model shifts toward a critical point autonomously.
{"title":"A Game of Life Shifted toward a Critical Point","authors":"Tomoko Sakiyama","doi":"10.25088/complexsystems.32.1.57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25088/complexsystems.32.1.57","url":null,"abstract":"The Game of Life (GoL), which produces complex patterns of life, has been employed to describe biological systems through self-organized criticality and scale-free properties. This paper develops two novel GoL models. One model allows each cell to update the time for the state update following interactions with other local cells using parameter tuning. Thus, individual cells replace their behaviors from intermittent state updates with continuous ones. The system evolves unpredictably close to a critical point and occasionally close to extinction for the alive population if an adequate parameter is chosen. This event occurs with a power-law tailed time interval and presents synchronous behaviors, since individual cells modify their state-update intervals and create time continuity. The other model is the same except that the system evolves unpredictably without any parameter tuning. In the second model, actions of individual cells are tuned not by a fixed parameter but by the surrounding situation. We found that the GoL system in the second model behaved in a similar manner in the first model, which suggests that that model shifts toward a critical point autonomously.","PeriodicalId":50871,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Complex Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85226848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.25088/complexsystems.32.1.89
D. E. Rivas-Cisneros
This paper examines the use of recurrence plots to find changes in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence. The DNA sequence is entered into the recurrence plot algorithm in codons and not consecutively, in order to make it easier to find the nucleotide change. The results show that the codon arrangement makes it easy to identify two types of mutations, insertion and deletion, by means of the recurrence plot. It is also shown that the recurrence plot of a short codon sequence has a homogeneous structure. Similarly, a comparison is made with the digital signal processing methodology. Some limitations are the number of codons that can be entered into the algorithm because computationally it becomes very slow and matrix issues, which are mentioned in the discussion section.
{"title":"Use of Recurrence Plots to Find Mutations in Deoxyribonucleic Acid Sequences","authors":"D. E. Rivas-Cisneros","doi":"10.25088/complexsystems.32.1.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25088/complexsystems.32.1.89","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the use of recurrence plots to find changes in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence. The DNA sequence is entered into the recurrence plot algorithm in codons and not consecutively, in order to make it easier to find the nucleotide change. The results show that the codon arrangement makes it easy to identify two types of mutations, insertion and deletion, by means of the recurrence plot. It is also shown that the recurrence plot of a short codon sequence has a homogeneous structure. Similarly, a comparison is made with the digital signal processing methodology. Some limitations are the number of codons that can be entered into the algorithm because computationally it becomes very slow and matrix issues, which are mentioned in the discussion section.","PeriodicalId":50871,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Complex Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78239324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-15DOI: 10.25088/complexsystems.32.1.71
Marlon N. Gonzaga, Marcelo Martins de Oliveira, A. A. Faria
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted epidemiological models as important forecasting methods and planning strategies, with studies conducted using a wide variety of analytical and computational techniques. Knowing that more pandemic episodes may occur, it is essential that epidemiological modeling present increasingly credible results. From this perspective, this paper aims to highlight the influence of spatial distribution on an epidemic dynamic, using agent-based modeling. To calibrate the behavioral profile of the population, data was taken on mobility, population pyramid, individual behavior and government policies of a real population during the pandemic. Two different initial spatial distribution scenarios are tested and the robustness of the infection is analyzed. Totalistic rules were designed to assess the influence of infected individuals in the vicinity of an agent, a factor that must not be ignored in modeling respiratory diseases with viruses capable of spreading by aerosols, such as SARS-CoV-2. It is shown that the scenario with nonuniform distribution of agents is much more robust, generating an epidemic process even when uniform distribution, for the same parameters, did not propagate the infection. Our results also suggest that herd immunity is attained in different levels of recovered individuals, showing higher values in denser regions. In conclusion, it is reinforced that the nonuniform feature of the spatial distribution of individuals plays a key role in the infection dynamics and should receive more attention when building epidemiological models.
{"title":"Spatial Scale Effects in COVID-19 Spread Models","authors":"Marlon N. Gonzaga, Marcelo Martins de Oliveira, A. A. Faria","doi":"10.25088/complexsystems.32.1.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25088/complexsystems.32.1.71","url":null,"abstract":"The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted epidemiological models as important forecasting methods and planning strategies, with studies conducted using a wide variety of analytical and computational techniques. Knowing that more pandemic episodes may occur, it is essential that epidemiological modeling present increasingly credible results. From this perspective, this paper aims to highlight the influence of spatial distribution on an epidemic dynamic, using agent-based modeling. To calibrate the behavioral profile of the population, data was taken on mobility, population pyramid, individual behavior and government policies of a real population during the pandemic. Two different initial spatial distribution scenarios are tested and the robustness of the infection is analyzed. Totalistic rules were designed to assess the influence of infected individuals in the vicinity of an agent, a factor that must not be ignored in modeling respiratory diseases with viruses capable of spreading by aerosols, such as SARS-CoV-2. It is shown that the scenario with nonuniform distribution of agents is much more robust, generating an epidemic process even when uniform distribution, for the same parameters, did not propagate the infection. Our results also suggest that herd immunity is attained in different levels of recovered individuals, showing higher values in denser regions. In conclusion, it is reinforced that the nonuniform feature of the spatial distribution of individuals plays a key role in the infection dynamics and should receive more attention when building epidemiological models.","PeriodicalId":50871,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Complex Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88926465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-13DOI: 10.1142/s1793962324410113
A. Roshini, K. V. D. Kiran
Evolution of Wireless sensor networks (WSN) has found its identity in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) to monitor the health status of adults undergone a surgery, etc. In addition, the mobility of the sensor nodes deployed on/in the human body plays a vital role in maintaining the accuracy of the physiological signal. In this paper, a Distributed Posture-based Traffic-Medium Access Control (DPT-MAC) protocol is proposed where the sensor nodes follow the Disc Communication model for the detection of neighbor nodes based on the proximity of the sensing range. Further, the modified IEEE 802.15.4 superframe structure determines the potential sleep posture of a subject to ensure a collision-free data transmission and prioritize the data traffic based on the criticality of the data like critical, periodic and nonregular data. The critical data detection occupies the channel on high priority and will have the probability to access the other channel space during the contention period of the noncritical data. The regular guaranteed time slot (GTS) is reduced from the tradition number of slots to five, which allows the nodes to handle the throughput. This uninterrupted data transmission minimizes the delay rate and collision ratio with any number of sensor nodes as the channel synchronization is strictly followed using the Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance mechanism. Here, the optimization of the network quality parameters like energy consumption, throughput, delay and collision ratio assures a guaranteed increase in the Network Lifetime. The results show that the distributed topology outperforms the conventional star topology in sustaining the Network Lifetime.
{"title":"A lightweight DPT-MAC protocol to increase the network lifetime in wireless body area networks","authors":"A. Roshini, K. V. D. Kiran","doi":"10.1142/s1793962324410113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s1793962324410113","url":null,"abstract":"Evolution of Wireless sensor networks (WSN) has found its identity in Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN) to monitor the health status of adults undergone a surgery, etc. In addition, the mobility of the sensor nodes deployed on/in the human body plays a vital role in maintaining the accuracy of the physiological signal. In this paper, a Distributed Posture-based Traffic-Medium Access Control (DPT-MAC) protocol is proposed where the sensor nodes follow the Disc Communication model for the detection of neighbor nodes based on the proximity of the sensing range. Further, the modified IEEE 802.15.4 superframe structure determines the potential sleep posture of a subject to ensure a collision-free data transmission and prioritize the data traffic based on the criticality of the data like critical, periodic and nonregular data. The critical data detection occupies the channel on high priority and will have the probability to access the other channel space during the contention period of the noncritical data. The regular guaranteed time slot (GTS) is reduced from the tradition number of slots to five, which allows the nodes to handle the throughput. This uninterrupted data transmission minimizes the delay rate and collision ratio with any number of sensor nodes as the channel synchronization is strictly followed using the Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance mechanism. Here, the optimization of the network quality parameters like energy consumption, throughput, delay and collision ratio assures a guaranteed increase in the Network Lifetime. The results show that the distributed topology outperforms the conventional star topology in sustaining the Network Lifetime.","PeriodicalId":50871,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Complex Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135239162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-21DOI: 10.1142/s0219525923500029
C. Zhang, Boyu Chen, Wenlian Lu
{"title":"Bi-Community Detection method based on both intra- and Inter-Correlation: an Applied Research of International Relations","authors":"C. Zhang, Boyu Chen, Wenlian Lu","doi":"10.1142/s0219525923500029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219525923500029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50871,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Complex Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84681359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-01DOI: 10.1142/s0219525923500066
R. Alexander Bentley, Sergi Valverde, Joshua Borycz, Blai Vidiella, Benjamin D. Horne, Salva Duran-Nebreda, Michael J. O'Brien
A recent highly publicized study [Park, M., Leahey, E. and Funk, R. J., Papers and patents are becoming less disruptive over time, Nature 613 (2023) 138–144] claiming that science has become less disruptive over recent decades represents an extraordinary achievement but with deceptive results. The measure of disruption, CD 5 , in this study does not account for differences in citation amid decades of exponential growth in publication rate. In order to account for both the exponential growth as well as the differential impact of research works over time, here we apply a weighted disruption index to the same dataset. We find that, among research papers in the dataset, this weighted disruption index has been close to its expected neutral value over the last fifty years and has even increased modestly since 2000. We also show how the proportional decrease in unique words is expected in an exponentially growing corpus. Finding little evidence for recent decrease in disruption, we suggest that it is actually increasing. Future research should investigate improved definitions of disruption.
最近一项广为宣传的研究[Park, M.， Leahey, E.和Funk, R. J.，论文和专利随着时间的推移变得越来越不具破坏性，Nature 613(2023) 138-144]声称科学在最近几十年变得越来越不具破坏性，这代表了一项非凡的成就，但其结果具有欺骗性。在这项研究中，中断的测量，CD 5，并没有考虑到几十年来出版率呈指数增长的引用差异。为了考虑指数增长以及研究工作随时间的不同影响，我们在这里对同一数据集应用加权干扰指数。我们发现，在数据集中的研究论文中，这一加权破坏指数在过去50年里一直接近其预期的中性值，甚至自2000年以来略有增加。我们还展示了如何在指数增长的语料库中预期唯一单词的比例减少。我们发现，几乎没有证据表明干扰最近有所减少，因此我们认为，干扰实际上在增加。未来的研究应该对颠覆的定义进行改进。
{"title":"Is Disruption Decreasing, or is it Accelerating?","authors":"R. Alexander Bentley, Sergi Valverde, Joshua Borycz, Blai Vidiella, Benjamin D. Horne, Salva Duran-Nebreda, Michael J. O'Brien","doi":"10.1142/s0219525923500066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219525923500066","url":null,"abstract":"A recent highly publicized study [Park, M., Leahey, E. and Funk, R. J., Papers and patents are becoming less disruptive over time, Nature 613 (2023) 138–144] claiming that science has become less disruptive over recent decades represents an extraordinary achievement but with deceptive results. The measure of disruption, CD 5 , in this study does not account for differences in citation amid decades of exponential growth in publication rate. In order to account for both the exponential growth as well as the differential impact of research works over time, here we apply a weighted disruption index to the same dataset. We find that, among research papers in the dataset, this weighted disruption index has been close to its expected neutral value over the last fifty years and has even increased modestly since 2000. We also show how the proportional decrease in unique words is expected in an exponentially growing corpus. Finding little evidence for recent decrease in disruption, we suggest that it is actually increasing. Future research should investigate improved definitions of disruption.","PeriodicalId":50871,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Complex Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135529141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-31DOI: 10.1142/S021952592250014X
F. Schweitzer, George Andres, Giona Casiraghi, Christoph Gote, Ramona Roller, Ingo Scholtes, Giacomo Vaccario, C. Zingg
Resilience denotes the capacity of a system to withstand shocks and its ability to recover from them. We develop a framework to quantify the resilience of highly volatile, non-equilibrium social organizations, such as collectives or collaborating teams. It consists of four steps: (i) emph{delimitation}, i.e., narrowing down the target systems, (ii) emph{conceptualization}, .e., identifying how to approach social organizations, (iii) formal emph{representation} using a combination of agent-based and network models, (iv) emph{operationalization}, i.e. specifying measures and demonstrating how they enter the calculation of resilience. Our framework quantifies two dimensions of resilience, the emph{robustness} of social organizations and their emph{adaptivity}, and combines them in a novel resilience measure. It allows monitoring resilience instantaneously using longitudinal data instead of an ex-post evaluation.
{"title":"Modeling social resilience: Questions, answers, open problems","authors":"F. Schweitzer, George Andres, Giona Casiraghi, Christoph Gote, Ramona Roller, Ingo Scholtes, Giacomo Vaccario, C. Zingg","doi":"10.1142/S021952592250014X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S021952592250014X","url":null,"abstract":"Resilience denotes the capacity of a system to withstand shocks and its ability to recover from them. We develop a framework to quantify the resilience of highly volatile, non-equilibrium social organizations, such as collectives or collaborating teams. It consists of four steps: (i) emph{delimitation}, i.e., narrowing down the target systems, (ii) emph{conceptualization}, .e., identifying how to approach social organizations, (iii) formal emph{representation} using a combination of agent-based and network models, (iv) emph{operationalization}, i.e. specifying measures and demonstrating how they enter the calculation of resilience. Our framework quantifies two dimensions of resilience, the emph{robustness} of social organizations and their emph{adaptivity}, and combines them in a novel resilience measure. It allows monitoring resilience instantaneously using longitudinal data instead of an ex-post evaluation.","PeriodicalId":50871,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Complex Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75002740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.1142/s0219525922500138
Souvik Roy, Sukanta Das
{"title":"Clouds in the basins of Fully Asynchronous Cellular Automata","authors":"Souvik Roy, Sukanta Das","doi":"10.1142/s0219525922500138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219525922500138","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50871,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Complex Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75909371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-29DOI: 10.1142/s0219525922500126
Jianxia Wang, Mengqi Hao, Jinlong Ma, Sufeng Li
{"title":"Evolutionary Analysis of Prisoner's Dilemma Games based on mixed Random-Conformity Selecting Model","authors":"Jianxia Wang, Mengqi Hao, Jinlong Ma, Sufeng Li","doi":"10.1142/s0219525922500126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219525922500126","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50871,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Complex Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87857082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-16DOI: 10.1142/s0219525922500114
Shuo Liu, Michael Mäs, Haoxiang Xia, A. Flache
{"title":"When Intuition Fails: the Complex effects of Assimilative and Repulsive Influence on Opinion polarization","authors":"Shuo Liu, Michael Mäs, Haoxiang Xia, A. Flache","doi":"10.1142/s0219525922500114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/s0219525922500114","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50871,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Complex Systems","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82038786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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