Pub Date : 2022-03-31eCollection Date: 2022-01-01DOI: 10.18332/tid/146364
Farizah Mohd Hairi, Kok Tiong Goh, Pete Driezen, Amer Siddiq Amer Nordin, Anne Yee, Nur Amani Ahmad Tajuddin, Siti Idayu Hasan, Mahmoud Danaee, Ina Sharyn Kamaludin, Susan C Kaai, Mi Yan, Matthew Grey, Anne C K Quah, Mary E Thompson, Geoffrey T Fong
Introduction: Malaysia has the largest e-cigarette (EC) market in Southeast Asia, and it has been estimated that 17% of adult daily cigarette smokers also used ECs on a daily basis in 2020. However, few studies have examined the reasons people use ECs in Malaysia. This cross-sectional study of adult cigarette smokers from Malaysia assessed reasons for EC use and their support for key proposed EC regulations.
Methods: Data are from the 2020 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Malaysia Wave 1 Survey of adult (aged ≥18 years) smokers who reported that they used ECs at least monthly (N=459 out of 1047 smokers). Weighted analyses were conducted on EC users' reasons for using ECs and their support for various EC regulations.
Results: Smokers who used ECs at least monthly were more likely to be male, aged 25-39 years, of Malay ethnicity, married, more highly educated, and living in Peninsular Malaysia. Smokers who used ECs daily reported using ECs to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked (91.3%), pleasant taste (90.1%), to quit smoking (87.9%), and enjoyment (87.5%). Smokers who used ECs less than daily reported using ECs for their pleasant taste (weekly 89.4%, monthly 87.5%), curiosity (weekly 79.5%, monthly 88.8%), being offered EC by someone (weekly 76.3%, monthly 81.6%), and to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked (weekly 76.2%, monthly 77.6%). Smokers who also used ECs were most likely to support EC regulations requiring a minimum purchasing age (88.3%) and limiting nicotine concentration (79.6%), and least likely to support regulations banning EC fruit and candy flavors (27.1%).
Conclusions: The most prevalent reasons for using ECs in Malaysia are comparable to those of other ITC countries, including Canada, US, England, and Australia. An understanding of use patterns of ECs, especially their interaction with cigarettes, are important in developing evidence-based regulations in Malaysia.
{"title":"Reasons for using e-cigarettes and support for e-cigarette regulations: Findings from the 2020 ITC Malaysia Survey.","authors":"Farizah Mohd Hairi, Kok Tiong Goh, Pete Driezen, Amer Siddiq Amer Nordin, Anne Yee, Nur Amani Ahmad Tajuddin, Siti Idayu Hasan, Mahmoud Danaee, Ina Sharyn Kamaludin, Susan C Kaai, Mi Yan, Matthew Grey, Anne C K Quah, Mary E Thompson, Geoffrey T Fong","doi":"10.18332/tid/146364","DOIUrl":"10.18332/tid/146364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Malaysia has the largest e-cigarette (EC) market in Southeast Asia, and it has been estimated that 17% of adult daily cigarette smokers also used ECs on a daily basis in 2020. However, few studies have examined the reasons people use ECs in Malaysia. This cross-sectional study of adult cigarette smokers from Malaysia assessed reasons for EC use and their support for key proposed EC regulations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data are from the 2020 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Malaysia Wave 1 Survey of adult (aged ≥18 years) smokers who reported that they used ECs at least monthly (N=459 out of 1047 smokers). Weighted analyses were conducted on EC users' reasons for using ECs and their support for various EC regulations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Smokers who used ECs at least monthly were more likely to be male, aged 25-39 years, of Malay ethnicity, married, more highly educated, and living in Peninsular Malaysia. Smokers who used ECs daily reported using ECs to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked (91.3%), pleasant taste (90.1%), to quit smoking (87.9%), and enjoyment (87.5%). Smokers who used ECs less than daily reported using ECs for their pleasant taste (weekly 89.4%, monthly 87.5%), curiosity (weekly 79.5%, monthly 88.8%), being offered EC by someone (weekly 76.3%, monthly 81.6%), and to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked (weekly 76.2%, monthly 77.6%). Smokers who also used ECs were most likely to support EC regulations requiring a minimum purchasing age (88.3%) and limiting nicotine concentration (79.6%), and least likely to support regulations banning EC fruit and candy flavors (27.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The most prevalent reasons for using ECs in Malaysia are comparable to those of other ITC countries, including Canada, US, England, and Australia. An understanding of use patterns of ECs, especially their interaction with cigarettes, are important in developing evidence-based regulations in Malaysia.</p>","PeriodicalId":50874,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","volume":"110 1","pages":"33"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8969647/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72771343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-12-12DOI: 10.1002/9781118959602.CH6
G. Yablonsky, D. Constales, G. Marin
{"title":"New types of complexity in chemical kinetics: intersections, coincidences and special symmetrical relationships","authors":"G. Yablonsky, D. Constales, G. Marin","doi":"10.1002/9781118959602.CH6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118959602.CH6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50874,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","volume":"324 ","pages":"69-73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118959602.CH6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50735275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-03-21DOI: 10.1002/9781118742631.CH01
S. Kais
{"title":"Introduction to Quantum Information and Computation for Chemistry","authors":"S. Kais","doi":"10.1002/9781118742631.CH01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118742631.CH01","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50874,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","volume":"266 ","pages":"1-38"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118742631.CH01","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50725191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-01-01DOI: 10.1002/9781118755815.ch01
Michael F Hagan
I present a review of the theoretical and computational methodologies that have been used to model the assembly of viral capsids. I discuss the capabilities and limitations of approaches ranging from equilibrium continuum theories to molecular dynamics simulations, and I give an overview of some of the important conclusions about virus assembly that have resulted from these modeling efforts. Topics include the assembly of empty viral shells, assembly around single-stranded nucleic acids to form viral particles, and assembly around synthetic polymers or charged nanoparticles for nanotechnology or biomedical applications. I present some examples in which modeling efforts have promoted experimental breakthroughs, as well as directions in which the connection between modeling and experiment can be strengthened.
{"title":"Modeling Viral Capsid Assembly.","authors":"Michael F Hagan","doi":"10.1002/9781118755815.ch01","DOIUrl":"10.1002/9781118755815.ch01","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>I present a review of the theoretical and computational methodologies that have been used to model the assembly of viral capsids. I discuss the capabilities and limitations of approaches ranging from equilibrium continuum theories to molecular dynamics simulations, and I give an overview of some of the important conclusions about virus assembly that have resulted from these modeling efforts. Topics include the assembly of empty viral shells, assembly around single-stranded nucleic acids to form viral particles, and assembly around synthetic polymers or charged nanoparticles for nanotechnology or biomedical applications. I present some examples in which modeling efforts have promoted experimental breakthroughs, as well as directions in which the connection between modeling and experiment can be strengthened.</p>","PeriodicalId":50874,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","volume":"155 ","pages":"1-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4318123/pdf/nihms605831.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33039665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-20DOI: 10.1002/9781118742631.CH15
G. Sadiek, Qing Xu, S. Kais
We present a review of dynamics of entanglement in one and two dimensional systems under the effect of external magnetic field and different degrees of anisotropy at zero and finite temperatures. Different techniques for treating the spin systems with large Hilbert space dimensions are discussed such as trace minimization algorithm, time-evolution matrix transformation and step by step projection technique.
{"title":"Dynamics of Entanglement In One‐ and Two‐Dimensional Spin Systems","authors":"G. Sadiek, Qing Xu, S. Kais","doi":"10.1002/9781118742631.CH15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118742631.CH15","url":null,"abstract":"We present a review of dynamics of entanglement in one and two dimensional systems under the effect of external magnetic field and different degrees of anisotropy at zero and finite temperatures. Different techniques for treating the spin systems with large Hilbert space dimensions are discussed such as trace minimization algorithm, time-evolution matrix transformation and step by step projection technique.","PeriodicalId":50874,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","volume":"151 ","pages":"449-507"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118742631.CH15","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50725388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-03DOI: 10.1002/9781118540350.CH2
V. Brazhkin, Y. Katayama, M. Kanzaki, A. Lyapin
{"title":"Pressure-Driven Liquid–Liquid Transformations and Corresponding Bizarre Viscosity Behavior","authors":"V. Brazhkin, Y. Katayama, M. Kanzaki, A. Lyapin","doi":"10.1002/9781118540350.CH2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118540350.CH2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50874,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","volume":"101 ","pages":"29-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50717760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-03DOI: 10.1002/9781118540350.CH17
Hideki Tanaka, M. Matsumoto
{"title":"Statistical mechanical approach to the thermodynamic stability of clathrate hydrates","authors":"Hideki Tanaka, M. Matsumoto","doi":"10.1002/9781118540350.CH17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118540350.CH17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50874,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","volume":"146 ","pages":"421-462"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118540350.CH17","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50717679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-03DOI: 10.1002/9781118540350.CH11
F. Mallamace, C. Corsaro, D. Mallamace, H. Stanley, Sow-Hsin Chen
1Dipartimento di Fisica and CNISM, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy 2Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA 3Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e dell’ Ambiente, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy 4William Fairfield Warren Distinguished Professor; Professor of Physics; Professor of Chemistry; Professor of Biomedical Engineering; Professor of Physiology, Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
{"title":"Water and biological macromolecules","authors":"F. Mallamace, C. Corsaro, D. Mallamace, H. Stanley, Sow-Hsin Chen","doi":"10.1002/9781118540350.CH11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118540350.CH11","url":null,"abstract":"1Dipartimento di Fisica and CNISM, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy 2Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA 3Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti e dell’ Ambiente, Università di Messina, I-98166 Messina, Italy 4William Fairfield Warren Distinguished Professor; Professor of Physics; Professor of Chemistry; Professor of Biomedical Engineering; Professor of Physiology, Center for Polymer Studies, Department of Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA","PeriodicalId":50874,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","volume":"218 ","pages":"263-308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50716971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-04-03DOI: 10.1002/9781118540350.CH16
Hajime Tanaka
{"title":"Cooperative Bond Ordering in Liquid: Its Link to Liquid Polymorphism and Water‐Like Anomalies","authors":"Hajime Tanaka","doi":"10.1002/9781118540350.CH16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118540350.CH16","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50874,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","volume":"194 ","pages":"399-420"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50716995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-03-27DOI: 10.1002/9781118571767.CH6
L. Chibotaru
{"title":"Ab Initio Methodology for Pseudospin Hamiltonians of Anisotropic Magnetic Complexes","authors":"L. Chibotaru","doi":"10.1002/9781118571767.CH6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118571767.CH6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50874,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Chemical Physics","volume":"429 ","pages":"397-519"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1002/9781118571767.CH6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50719117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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