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The holotype of Prolacerta broomi Parrington, 1935 revisited 布罗米帕灵顿Prolacerta broomi Parrington的全型照片,1935年重新审视
3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.4202/app.01067.2023
Gabriela Sobral
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引用次数: 0
Szeregi wieloczłonowe w funkcji podmiotu w staropolszczyźnie
IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.17651/polon.42.2
Piotr Zbróg
This article contains a description of Old Polish series functioning as subjects in sentences, e.g A tako sta-ła jest pod krzyżem matka Jezukrystowa, Maryja magdalena i święty Jan Ewanjelista. In terms of structure, semantic and grammatical features of their elements, as well as types of compound indicators, they resem-ble typical three-argument series (child and mother), however, they differ in the number of noun elements, which usually range from three to seven. Two types of lists are distinguished: homogenous, are organized around a single type of linking element or its equivalent in the form of a delimitation pause (e.g., aby mię od ciebie ani śmierć, ani żywot, ani żadna szczęsność od ciebie oddaliła), and heterogeneous, which may be linked more loosely or more closely (e.g., Gdyby raćce z przysiężniki i z pospólstwem uczynili wielkierz). List syntax was also described; very rarely it was exclusively ad sensum, more frequently, exclusively ad formam or in some cases, ad formam/ad sensum. The lists extracted here resemble modern serial subjects in terms of structure and syntax and, according to quantitative analyses, have a similar frequency in the oldest known Polish sentences.
这篇文章包含了在句子中作为主语的古波兰语系列的描述,例如a tako sta-ła jest pod krzyżem matka Jezukrystowa, Maryja magdalena i święty Jan Ewanjelista。从构成要素的结构、语义和语法特征,以及复合指示符的类型来看,它们都类似于典型的三参数系列(child and mother),但它们在名词构成要素的数量上有所不同,通常为3 - 7个。区分了两种类型的列表:同质的,围绕单一类型的链接元素或其等同的形式,以边界暂停的形式组织(例如,aby miood ciebie ani śmierć, ani żywot, ani żadna szczęsność od ciebie oddaliła)和异构的,可能更松散或更紧密地链接(例如,Gdyby raćce z przysiężniki iz pospólstwem uczynili wielkierz)。还描述了列表语法;很少是完全AD sensum,更常见的是完全AD formam,或者在某些情况下,AD formam/ AD sensum。这里提取的列表在结构和句法方面类似于现代的系列主语,根据定量分析,在已知的最古老的波兰句子中有相似的频率。
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引用次数: 0
The Most Complete Bowfin (Amiidae: Amia sp.) from the Coal Creek Member of the Kishenehn Formation (Eocene), Northwestern Montana 美国蒙大拿州西北部始新世Kishenehn组Coal Creek段最完整的弓形虫(菊科:弓形虫科)
IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4202/app.00733.2020
Jacob D. Gardner, Mark Wilson
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引用次数: 0
Carnassiform notches improve the functional efficiency of bat (Mammalia: Chiroptera) molar shearing crests 兽形切口提高了蝙蝠(哺乳目:翼目)臼齿剪冠的功能效率
IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4202/app.00889.2021
N. Czaplewski, Charles Baker
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引用次数: 0
Paedomorphosis and neurocranial ossification in two Devonian lungfishes 两种泥盆纪肺鱼的幼体发育和神经颅骨骨化
IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4202/app.00841.2020
Marie Boirot, T. Challands, R. Cloutier
Lungfishes are one of the few early vertebrate clades with a rich 410-million-years-old fossil record. Lungfishes are characterized by a low evolutionary rate assumed to be associated with paedomorphosis since the Late Devonian. Lungfish paedomorphic trends include a reduction of the number of median fins, reduction of the number of cranial dermal bones, and reduction of the degree of neurocranial ossification. This neurocranial trait has evolved from heavily ossified in Devonian species to completely cartilaginous in post-Devonian species. Neurocranial conditions among derived Devonian lungfishes are needed to have a better understanding of paedomorphosis as a driving force during lungfish evolution. The neurocrania of two Devonian species, Scaumenacia curta (middle Frasnian, Escuminac Formation, eastern Canada) and Pentlandia macroptera (Givetian, Orcadian Basin, Scotland), have been micro-CT-scanned. These species were assumed to have a cartilaginous neurocranium like other “phaneropleurids” and “fleurantids”. Juvenile (or sub-adult) and adult specimens of S. curta possess cartilaginous neurocrania, whereas P. macroptera is now recognized to have a poorly ossified neurocranium. Pyrite filled neurocranial cavities preserving some endocranial structures (e.g., olfactory bulbs, semicircular canals) allow us to code for phylogenetic endocranial characters in S. curta. This unique mode of preservation suggests that occasionally pyrite is a preservative rather than a destructive diagenetic agent. In the evolutionary gap between Pentlandia and Scaumenacia, paedomorphosis had already resulted in reduction of neurocranial ossification while little changes occurred in cranial dermal bones.
肺鱼是为数不多的早期脊椎动物分支之一,拥有丰富的4.1亿年前的化石记录。肺鱼的特点是低进化率,被认为是自晚泥盆世以来与幼体发育有关。肺鱼的发育趋势包括中间鳍的数量减少,颅骨真皮骨的数量减少,神经颅骨骨化程度降低。这种神经颅骨特征从泥盆纪物种的高度骨化进化到泥盆纪后物种的完全软骨化。为了更好地理解幼体发育在肺鱼进化过程中的驱动作用,需要研究泥盆纪肺鱼的神经颅脑状况。对两个泥盆纪物种scaumenecia curta(中Frasnian, Escuminac组,加拿大东部)和Pentlandia macroptera (Givetian, Orcadian Basin,苏格兰)的神经颅骨进行了显微ct扫描。这些物种被认为像其他“平胸膜类”和“fleurantid”一样有一个软骨状的神经头盖骨。幼鱼(或亚成虫)和成虫标本具有软骨性的神经颅骨,而现在认为大翅大蠊的神经颅骨骨化程度较低。黄铁矿填充的神经颅腔保留了一些颅内结构(如嗅球、半圆形管),使我们能够对黄刺草的系统发育特征进行编码。这种独特的保存方式表明,有时黄铁矿是一种防腐剂,而不是一种破坏性的成岩剂。在Pentlandia和scaumencia之间的进化间隙,幼体发育已经导致神经颅骨骨化减少,而颅骨真皮骨变化不大。
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引用次数: 0
A new euarthropod from the Cambrian Stage 4 Guanshan Biota of South China 标题华南关山生物群寒武纪第4期一新真节肢动物
IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4202/app.00937.2021
De-guang Jiao, Kun-Sheng Du
,
,
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引用次数: 0
Allometric growth in the frontals of the Mongolian Dinosaur Tarbosaurus bataar (Theropoda, Tyrannosauridae) 蒙古暴龙(兽脚亚目,暴龙科)额部异速生长
IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4202/app.00947.2021
Chan-gyu Yun, Galadriel Freeman Peters, P. Currie
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引用次数: 1
The odonatan insects from the Paleocene of Menat, central France 法国中部梅纳特地区古新世的齿龙目昆虫
IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4202/app.00960.2021
A. Nel, C. Jouault
The current knowledge on the Paleocene Odonata is rather limited despite the fact that it is a crucial period for the history of this order. An overview of the fossil odonatans from the Paleocene of Menat (France) is provided. We describe the anisopteran Macrogomphus menatensis sp. nov., first fossil representative of the family Epigomphidae, together with two zygopteran, viz. the dysagrionid Menatagrion hervetae gen. et sp. nov., and the new family Menatlestidae fam. nov., with its type species Menatlestes palaeocenicus gen. et sp. nov. The genus Menatagrion gen. nov. is the first Paleocene record of the Dysagrionidae, otherwise known by a putative Cretaceous genus and several Eocene to Miocene genera. Menatlestes gen. nov., putatively attributed to the stem-group of the Lestinoidea (Megalestidae and Lestidae), would correspond to the oldest record of this clade. With these three new taxa, and the previously described Thanetophilosina menatensis , Valerea multicellulata , “ Lestes ” zalesskyi , and an Aeshna species indet., the total number of Odonata from Menat goes up to seven species in total; two Anisoptera and five Zygoptera. Furthermore, we propose new evidences showing that the head characters defining the putative suborder Cephalozygoptera are due to deformations, very frequent among the fossil Odonatoptera. We treat the Cephalozygoptera as a junior synonym of Zygoptera.
尽管古新世是该目历史上的一个关键时期,但目前对它的了解相当有限。本文概述了法国Menat地区古新世的齿龙类化石。我们描述了异翅目巨爪龙menatensis sp. nov.,这是巨爪龙科的第一个化石代表,以及两个双翅目,即失翅目Menatagrion hervetae gen. et sp. nov.和新发现的menatestidae fam。Menatagrion gen. 11 .是古新世首次记录的Dysagrionidae科,其他已知的是一个假定的白垩纪属和几个始新世至中新世属。Menatlestes gen. nov.被推定为lestino总科(Megalestidae和leestidae)的茎群,与该分支最古老的记录相对应。利用这三个新分类群,以及先前描述的Thanetophilosina menatensis, Valerea multicululata,“Lestes”zalesskyi和一个Aeshna种索引。, Menat的蜥目动物总数达7种;异翅目2只,夜翅目5只。此外,我们还提出了新的证据,表明定义头颌翅目亚目的头部特征是由于变形造成的,这种变形在化石中非常常见。我们把头颧翅目作为颧翅目的初级同义词。
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引用次数: 6
New materials of multicellular algae from the earliest Cambrian Kuanchuanpu biota in South China 华南最早寒武纪宽川堡生物群多细胞藻类新材料
IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4202/app.00946.2021
Qingqin Tang, Yajuan Zheng, S. Qin, Yin-chu Wang, Xiaoguang Yang, Xing Wang, Jie Sun, K. Uesugi, T. Komiya, Jian Han
The Kuanchuanpu biota (ca. 535 Ma) from the basal Cambrian in South China yields various phosphatized, three-dimensionally preserved microscopic fossils, such as animal embryos, cyanobacteria, and algae. This provides an exceptional window for investigating the rapid divergent evolution of animal phyla in the early Cambrian ocean. However, the fossil eukaryotic algae are poorly documented and are not properly incorporated into the conceptual food web of the Cambrian ocean ecosystem. In this study, we report a new taxon of calathiform alga, Calathophycus irregulatus Tang gen. et sp. nov., and an indeterminate alga, from the Kuanchuanpu biota. Calathophycus irregulatus can be distinguished from other reported phosphatized multicellular algal fossils from the Kuanchuanpu biota and the Ediacaran Weng’an biota (Guizhou Province, China), based on the external morphology and features of cell clump aggregation. The observation of C. irregulatus and the indeterminate alga indicates a certain diversity of algae at the beginning of the Cambrian. Concerning the regularly or irregularly shaped multicellular algal fossils from the Kuanchuanpu Formation, co-occurring spherical fossils, previously interpreted as “cleavage stage” of animal embryos, should be reconsidered in affinity.
华南底寒武纪宽川铺生物群(约535 Ma)发现了各种磷化的、三维保存的微观化石,如动物胚胎、蓝藻和藻类。这为研究早寒武纪海洋动物门的快速分化进化提供了一个特殊的窗口。然而,真核藻类化石文献很少,并没有被适当地纳入寒武纪海洋生态系统的概念食物网。本文报道了宽川铺生物群中一种新的Calathophycus irregulatus Tang gen. et sp. nov.和一种不确定的藻类。Calathophycus irregulatus可以根据细胞团聚集的外部形态和特征与其他已报道的来自贵州宽川堡生物群和埃迪卡拉系翁安生物群的磷化多细胞藻类化石区分开来。C. irregulatus和不确定藻的观察表明,寒武纪初期藻类具有一定的多样性。对于宽川铺组不规则或不规则形状的多细胞藻化石,应重新考虑先前被解释为动物胚胎“卵裂期”的共生球形化石的亲和性。
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引用次数: 0
Stromatoporoids from a Middle Devonian reef of South China and their palaeoecological implication 华南中泥盆世礁层孔类及其古生态意义
IF 1.8 3区 地球科学 Q1 Earth and Planetary Sciences Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.4202/app.00954.2021
Jiayuan Huang, Kun Liang, Yue Wang, S. Kershaw, J. Jeon, Yue Li, Wenkun Qie
Stromatoporoids from a Middle Devonian reef in South China and their palaeoecological implication. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 67 (X): xxx–xxx. Stromatoporoids are the major constructors of a Givetian (Middle Devonian) fossil reef in shallow marine facies, in the Jiwozhai Member of the Dushan Formation, at Dahekou, near Dushan, Guizhou Province, South China. Stromatoporoids, together with other reef building and dwelling components (rugose corals, tabulates, chaetetids and others), form a high diversity community, making the Jiwozhai reef a palaeobiodiversity hotspot. In this study 11 species belonging to nine genera and four orders are identified, including Gerronostromaria grossum (Clathrodictyida), Pseudotrupetostroma porosum , and Salairella buecheliensis (Stromatoporida), Clathrocoilona spissa , Stictostroma sag­ inatum , and Synthetostroma actinostromoides (Stromatoporellida) and ? Habrostroma laminosum , Parallelopora sp., Stachyodes costulata , Stachyodes fasciculata and Stachyodes sp. (Syringostromatida). Among them, Clathrocoilona spissa and Gerronostromaria grossum are the most abundant stromatoporoid taxa. Stromatoporoid growth form, size, substrate and growth interruption are considered to be key autecological parameters to evaluate their growth behaviour and contribution in reef formation. Skeletons of laminar Clathrocoilona spissa are commonly smaller (up to 40 mm in basal dimension and less than 2 mm in thickness) than other stromatoporoid taxa and frequently encrusted on other organisms. In contrast, Gerronostromaria grossum dominates the assemblage, with its larger laminar growth form (up to 500 mm in basal dimension and 40 mm in thickness) expanding both on bioclastic and clay-rich micritic substrate and shows repeated growth interruptions, altogether evidence that this taxon was resilient to environmental pressure and may have pioneered the reef development. The variation of growth preference among stromatoporoid taxa therefore indicates a different growth strategy of each stromatoporoid in this reef environment.
华南中泥盆世礁层孔类及其古生态意义。古生物学报67 (X): xxx-xxx。叠孔虫是贵州独山大河口独山组吉窝寨段浅海相Givetian(中泥盆世)古礁的主要构造物。叠层孔类与其他造礁和栖息成分(绢珊瑚、表珊瑚、毛纲等)构成了一个高度多样性的群落,使吉窝寨礁成为古生物多样性的热点。本研究共鉴定出4目9属11种,包括Gerronostromaria grossum (Clathrodictyida)、Pseudotrupetostroma porosum、Salairella buecheliensis (Stromatoporida)、Clathrocoilona spissa、Stictostroma sag - inatum、Synthetostroma actinostromoides (Stromatoporellida)和?层状棘球蚴、平行孔棘球蚴、纹状棘球蚴、束状棘球蚴和柱状棘球蚴。其中,spissa和Gerronostromaria grossum是最丰富的层孔虫类群。叠层孔体的生长形式、大小、基质和生长中断被认为是评价其生长行为和对珊瑚礁形成贡献的关键地质参数。与其他层孔虫类群相比,层孔虫的骨架通常较小(基底尺寸可达40毫米,厚度小于2毫米),并且经常被其他生物包裹。相比之下,Gerronostromaria grossum在组合中占主导地位,其更大的层流生长形式(基底尺寸达500毫米,厚度达40毫米)在生物碎屑和富含粘土的泥质基质上扩展,并显示出反复的生长中断,这些都证明了该分类群对环境压力的适应能力,可能是珊瑚礁发育的先驱。因此,叠孔虫类群间生长偏好的变化表明在该礁环境中,每个叠孔虫都有不同的生长策略。
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引用次数: 5
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Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
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