Solid tumors [solid - firm, non-hematopoietic, i.e. developing not from cells of the hematopoietic system] constitute the majority of malignant tumors. The most important factors for their development are: size, degree of sprouting into surrounding tissues, spread throughout the body in the form of regional and distant metastases. The most common, i.e. have the highest incidence rate, solid malignant tumors (SMT) in Russia are three ones: lung, stomach and breast cancer. The most life-threatening (i.e. have the worst survival rates (among those detected, the largest proportion dies)) are liver and pancreatic cancer. We paid particular attention to the impact of coronavirus infection pandemia on morbidity, mortality as well as registration quality of patients with SMT. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of conducted anticancer measures, we calculated survival rates of patients.
{"title":"The state of cancer care in Russia: epidemiology and survival in patients with the most common and life-threatening solid malignant tumors. Part 1. \u0000(Population study)","authors":"Vakhtang Mikhailovich Merabishvili","doi":"10.17816/onco626385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco626385","url":null,"abstract":"Solid tumors [solid - firm, non-hematopoietic, i.e. developing not from cells of the hematopoietic system] constitute the majority of malignant tumors. The most important factors for their development are: size, degree of sprouting into surrounding tissues, spread throughout the body in the form of regional and distant metastases. \u0000The most common, i.e. have the highest incidence rate, solid malignant tumors (SMT) in Russia are three ones: lung, stomach and breast cancer. The most life-threatening (i.e. have the worst survival rates (among those detected, the largest proportion dies)) are liver and pancreatic cancer. We paid particular attention to the impact of coronavirus infection pandemia on morbidity, mortality as well as registration quality of patients with SMT. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of conducted anticancer measures, we calculated survival rates of patients.","PeriodicalId":509207,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Oncology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141685461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. B. Potievskiy, L. Petrov, S. Ivanov, P. V. Sokolov, V. Trifanov, Nikolai A. Grishin, R. I. Moshurov, Lidia Aleksandrovna Nekrasova, P. Shegai, A. Kaprin
Pancreaticoduodenal and distal resections considered crucial components of pancreatic cancer treatment. Pancreatic fistula is one of the most common complications these surgeries. The main criterion for the diagnosis of pancreatic fistula is the increase of amylase drain level more than 3 norms of the blood level. Pancreatic fistulas worsen the long-term results of cancer treatment and increase the risk of bleeding per an erosion of visceral vessels, pancreatitis and peritonitis, as well as increase the duration hospitalization. Risk factors for pancreatic fistula may be distinguished into patient-related and surgical factors. The patient-related factors are male sex, age more than 70 years, small diameter of the pancreatic duct, epithelial type of the malignancy, comorbidities and a high volume of drainage fluid in the postoperative period. Surgical risk factors are the severity of intraoperative blood loss, soft pancreas, duration of surgery and surgical techniques. At the same time, it is possible to use medical glues and pharmacological methods for prevention and treatment of postoperative pancreatic fistulas, but further investigations are required. Thus, prevention and treatment of postoperative pancreatic fistulas is a crucial component of management of patients who undergo surgery for pancreatic malignancies.
{"title":"The problem of pancreatic fistula development after pancreatic surgery in oncological patients","authors":"M. B. Potievskiy, L. Petrov, S. Ivanov, P. V. Sokolov, V. Trifanov, Nikolai A. Grishin, R. I. Moshurov, Lidia Aleksandrovna Nekrasova, P. Shegai, A. Kaprin","doi":"10.17816/onco625700","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco625700","url":null,"abstract":"Pancreaticoduodenal and distal resections considered crucial components of pancreatic cancer treatment. Pancreatic fistula is one of the most common complications these surgeries. The main criterion for the diagnosis of pancreatic fistula is the increase of amylase drain level more than 3 norms of the blood level. Pancreatic fistulas worsen the long-term results of cancer treatment and increase the risk of bleeding per an erosion of visceral vessels, pancreatitis and peritonitis, as well as increase the duration hospitalization. Risk factors for pancreatic fistula may be distinguished into patient-related and surgical factors. The patient-related factors are male sex, age more than 70 years, small diameter of the pancreatic duct, epithelial type of the malignancy, comorbidities and a high volume of drainage fluid in the postoperative period. Surgical risk factors are the severity of intraoperative blood loss, soft pancreas, duration of surgery and surgical techniques. At the same time, it is possible to use medical glues and pharmacological methods for prevention and treatment of postoperative pancreatic fistulas, but further investigations are required. Thus, prevention and treatment of postoperative pancreatic fistulas is a crucial component of management of patients who undergo surgery for pancreatic malignancies.","PeriodicalId":509207,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Oncology","volume":"21 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141685162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. Luminal Her2-negative breast cancers is the most common type of tumor in women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. Stromal cells and immune cells in tumor microenvironment have been reported to have significant value in prognosis of cancers. The prognostic role of tumor-associated neutrophils in early breast cancer remains mostly unclear. Materials. The dataset consisted of 60 patients with early luminal HER2-negative breast cancer treated in Botkin Hospital. We first estimated basic morphological signs: tumor size, tumor grade by Nottingham Score, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, lymphovascular invasion, hormonal receptors status, proliferative index, regional lymph nodes status. The expressions of intratumoral CD15-neutrophyls was studied using immunohistochemistry. Results. High tumor-associated neutrophils concentration was correlated with tumor size, high grade tumors, proliferative index, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, lymphovascular invasion and positive regional lymph nodes. Conclusions: Tumor-associated neutrophils predicted a worse prognosis in early luminal Her2-negative breast cancer.
{"title":"Роль нейтрофилов опухолевого микроокружения в прогрессии люминального HER2-негативного раннего рака молочной железы","authors":"E. Zakurdaev, Zurab Antonovich Bagateliya","doi":"10.17816/onco624111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco624111","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Luminal Her2-negative breast cancers is the most common type of tumor in women diagnosed with early-stage breast cancer. Stromal cells and immune cells in tumor microenvironment have been reported to have significant value in prognosis of cancers. The prognostic role of tumor-associated neutrophils in early breast cancer remains mostly unclear. \u0000Materials. The dataset consisted of 60 patients with early luminal HER2-negative breast cancer treated in Botkin Hospital. We first estimated basic morphological signs: tumor size, tumor grade by Nottingham Score, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, lymphovascular invasion, hormonal receptors status, proliferative index, regional lymph nodes status. The expressions of intratumoral CD15-neutrophyls was studied using immunohistochemistry. \u0000Results. High tumor-associated neutrophils concentration was correlated with tumor size, high grade tumors, proliferative index, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, lymphovascular invasion and positive regional lymph nodes. \u0000Conclusions: Tumor-associated neutrophils predicted a worse prognosis in early luminal Her2-negative breast cancer.","PeriodicalId":509207,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Oncology","volume":"5 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141686048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Grigoruk, Е. E. Pupkova, L. M. Bazulina, I. V. Vikhlyanov
BACKGROUND: Determination of the cytogenetic origin and morphological type of metastatic or primary tumor determines the prescription of therapy and affects to the patient’s efficiency treatment. Currently, a number of publications evaluate the potential of cytological diagnostics of melanoma.AIM: To evaluate the significance of diagnostics of metastatic melanoma by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and primary melanoma using the skin and mucosa imprints. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a retrospective study, a comparative analysis of cytological “melanoma” samples, in comparison with clinical and anamnestic information and the results of histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic studies were carried out.Information about 109 patients from the cancer registry of the Altai Regional Oncology Dispenser (Barnaul) for 2022 was used in the work. Traditional and liquid based methods for patterns preparing were used. The samples were stained using Pappenheim and Papanicolaou methods. In some observations, cytological material was used for molecular genetic studies. Using the cancer registry data of the dispensary, the results of histological and of molecular genetic studies, and a final conclusion was given about each patient. RESULTS: Fine needle biopsy (FNA) was carried out in 80 patients. Tumor smears were obtained from 29 patients. The cytological diagnose “melanoma” was consistent with the data of histological and immunohistochemical studies (p 0.001) for all 109 patients. Melanoma was diagnosed for the first time in 64 (58.7%) patients. In other cases, the process of progression was noted from one year to 20 years. Epidermal melanoma was noted in 101 (92.7%) cases, including 9 patients with acral melanoma, and 2 cases on the vulva. Melanomas of mucosa were found in 5 cases (4.5%): in the rectum and anal canal, vagina, and in 2 cases on the hard palate. Non-epidermal (uveal) melanomas metastases were diagnosed in liver by FNAB in 3 patients (2.8%). Based on the cellular composition, epithelioid cell melanoma was determined in 91 (83.5%) patients, mixed cell in 10 (9.2%) cases, spindle cell in 6 (5.5%), pigmentless in two (1.8%) cases and nevoid melanoma(0.9%) in 1 case. The mutation status was determined in 96 patients (88.1%). Of these, in 8 patients the study was determined using cytological material. In epidermal melanomas, mutations in codon 600 of exon 15 of the BRAF gene were found in 43 (44.8%) patients, including 2 cases of acral melanoma. Mutations V600K, V600E/Ec were found in one observation (1.1; 1.1%). In mucousal melanomas: vaginal melanoma, the Q61R mutation was found in exon 3 of the NRAS gene; In anal canal melanoma, the G12C mutation was identified in exon 2 of the NRAS gene. In uveal melanomas, the assessed mutations were absent (the determining GNAQ11 and BAP1 mutations is necessary). CONCLUSIONS: Cytological diagnosis of melanoma by fine-needle aspiration biopsies and imprints from the tumor mass is a highly in
{"title":"Diagnosis of metastatic melanoma by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and primary melanoma using the skin and mucousa imprints","authors":"O. Grigoruk, Е. E. Pupkova, L. M. Bazulina, I. V. Vikhlyanov","doi":"10.17816/onco626586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco626586","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: \u0000Determination of the cytogenetic origin and morphological type of metastatic or primary tumor determines the prescription of therapy and affects to the patient’s efficiency treatment. Currently, a number of publications evaluate the potential of cytological diagnostics of melanoma.AIM: To evaluate the significance of diagnostics of metastatic melanoma by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and primary melanoma using the skin and mucosa imprints. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS \u0000In a retrospective study, a comparative analysis of cytological “melanoma” samples, in comparison with clinical and anamnestic information and the results of histological, immunohistochemical, and molecular genetic studies were carried out.Information about 109 patients from the cancer registry of the Altai Regional Oncology Dispenser (Barnaul) for 2022 was used in the work. Traditional and liquid based methods for patterns preparing were used. The samples were stained using Pappenheim and Papanicolaou methods. In some observations, cytological material was used for molecular genetic studies. Using the cancer registry data of the dispensary, the results of histological and of molecular genetic studies, and a final conclusion was given about each patient. \u0000RESULTS: \u0000Fine needle biopsy (FNA) was carried out in 80 patients. Tumor smears were obtained from 29 patients. The cytological diagnose “melanoma” was consistent with the data of histological and immunohistochemical studies (p 0.001) for all 109 patients. Melanoma was diagnosed for the first time in 64 (58.7%) patients. In other cases, the process of progression was noted from one year to 20 years. Epidermal melanoma was noted in 101 (92.7%) cases, including 9 patients with acral melanoma, and 2 cases on the vulva. Melanomas of mucosa were found in 5 cases (4.5%): in the rectum and anal canal, vagina, and in 2 cases on the hard palate. Non-epidermal (uveal) melanomas metastases were diagnosed in liver by FNAB in 3 patients (2.8%). Based on the cellular composition, epithelioid cell melanoma was determined in 91 (83.5%) patients, mixed cell in 10 (9.2%) cases, spindle cell in 6 (5.5%), pigmentless in two (1.8%) cases and nevoid melanoma(0.9%) in 1 case. The mutation status was determined in 96 patients (88.1%). Of these, in 8 patients the study was determined using cytological material. In epidermal melanomas, mutations in codon 600 of exon 15 of the BRAF gene were found in 43 (44.8%) patients, including 2 cases of acral melanoma. Mutations V600K, V600E/Ec were found in one observation (1.1; 1.1%). In mucousal melanomas: vaginal melanoma, the Q61R mutation was found in exon 3 of the NRAS gene; In anal canal melanoma, the G12C mutation was identified in exon 2 of the NRAS gene. In uveal melanomas, the assessed mutations were absent (the determining GNAQ11 and BAP1 mutations is necessary). \u0000CONCLUSIONS: \u0000Cytological diagnosis of melanoma by fine-needle aspiration biopsies and imprints from the tumor mass is a highly in","PeriodicalId":509207,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Oncology","volume":"25 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141684623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Golderova, Irina E. Nikolaeva, Tatiana N. Jarnikova, P. Nikiforov, Ivan P. Troev
During maturation, dendritic cells begin to synthesize peptides that are MHC-II co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80 and CD86, as well as CD83 proteins. In cancer patients, DC dysfunction can lead to serious consequences in the form of deficiency of antitumor immunity, tumor progression, and decreased response to immunotherapy. All this is important to take into account to rethink the tumor immunotherapy strategy. Thus, approaches aimed at enhancing the viability of DCs and preventing their dysfunction and polarization should be considered as a necessary step in the work to increase the effectiveness of DC-based vaccines. The study is conducted to evaluate the expression characteristics of differentiation markers of dendritic cell maturation obtained from peripheral blood monocytes under culture conditions in patients with breast cancer. With informed voluntary consent, 19 patients diagnosed with breast cancer were examined. Mononuclear cells were isolated on a Ficoll density gradient. For adhesion of monocytes to the bottom of culture flasks with a volume of 75 cm2, they were pre-incubated for 1.5 hours in conditions of 5% CO2 at 37˚C. Growth and differentiation factors – GM-CSF (40 µl) and IL-4 (40 µl) – were added to the attached monocytes, which were added on the 1st, 3rd and 5th days of cultivation. Immunophenotyping of dendritic cells was carried out on days 7 and 9 of cultivation using flow cytometry. Flow cytometry data indicate that the viability of cultured dendritic cells in cancer patients is significantly reduced on day 9 compared to day 7 of culture. On day 9, there was a significant increase (p=0.028) in CD80+ expression (2.40 times) and a decrease in CD83+ (1.65 times) compared to day 7 (p=0.036). In general, significant signs of maturation are observed: loss of the monocyte marker CD14, increased expression of CD80+, CD83+, CD86+ - the main markers. A decrease in CD83+ can be considered as a suppression of excessive activation of immune responses. In the future, a more in-depth study of the characteristics of maturation and activation of cultured dendritic cells is necessary to understand the mechanisms and factors influencing the decrease in the effectiveness of immunotherapy with an autologous dendritic cell vaccine.
{"title":"Immunophenotype of dendritic cell differentiation markers in breast cancer in in vitro conditions","authors":"A. Golderova, Irina E. Nikolaeva, Tatiana N. Jarnikova, P. Nikiforov, Ivan P. Troev","doi":"10.17816/onco625825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco625825","url":null,"abstract":"During maturation, dendritic cells begin to synthesize peptides that are MHC-II co-stimulatory molecules CD40, CD80 and CD86, as well as CD83 proteins. In cancer patients, DC dysfunction can lead to serious consequences in the form of deficiency of antitumor immunity, tumor progression, and decreased response to immunotherapy. All this is important to take into account to rethink the tumor immunotherapy strategy. Thus, approaches aimed at enhancing the viability of DCs and preventing their dysfunction and polarization should be considered as a necessary step in the work to increase the effectiveness of DC-based vaccines. The study is conducted to evaluate the expression characteristics of differentiation markers of dendritic cell maturation obtained from peripheral blood monocytes under culture conditions in patients with breast cancer. With informed voluntary consent, 19 patients diagnosed with breast cancer were examined. Mononuclear cells were isolated on a Ficoll density gradient. For adhesion of monocytes to the bottom of culture flasks with a volume of 75 cm2, they were pre-incubated for 1.5 hours in conditions of 5% CO2 at 37˚C. Growth and differentiation factors – GM-CSF (40 µl) and IL-4 (40 µl) – were added to the attached monocytes, which were added on the 1st, 3rd and 5th days of cultivation. Immunophenotyping of dendritic cells was carried out on days 7 and 9 of cultivation using flow cytometry. Flow cytometry data indicate that the viability of cultured dendritic cells in cancer patients is significantly reduced on day 9 compared to day 7 of culture. On day 9, there was a significant increase (p=0.028) in CD80+ expression (2.40 times) and a decrease in CD83+ (1.65 times) compared to day 7 (p=0.036). In general, significant signs of maturation are observed: loss of the monocyte marker CD14, increased expression of CD80+, CD83+, CD86+ - the main markers. A decrease in CD83+ can be considered as a suppression of excessive activation of immune responses. In the future, a more in-depth study of the characteristics of maturation and activation of cultured dendritic cells is necessary to understand the mechanisms and factors influencing the decrease in the effectiveness of immunotherapy with an autologous dendritic cell vaccine.","PeriodicalId":509207,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Oncology","volume":"68 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140224408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alevtina Eduardovna Kiseleve, M. A. Antsupova, Aleksey Vladimirovich Semenkov, Igor Igorevich Bykov
Background. According to statistics, gastric cancer is in a leading position among all gastrointestinal cancers. The most effective treatment for gastric cancer is surgical. There are now heterogeneous clinical outcomes for patients of the same stage. The main causes are the differences in gastric cancer not only at the histological level, but also at the molecular level. Finding the universal biomarkers that can provide information about patient prediction is a subject of interest to scientists around the world. MMP7 is the smallest molecule in the family of matrix metalloproteinase that contributes significantly to oncogenesis by affecting apoptosis and degradation of the extracellular matrix. MMP-7 hyperexpression is associated with aggressive tumor phenotype and worsens prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Therefore, MMP-7 can be a promising biomarker in the treatment of gastric cancer. Aim. To identify possible correlations between the expression of MMP-7 in patients with gastric cancer and their prognosis. Materials and Methods. The study included samples of 80 patients diagnosed with diffuse gastric cancer, who were selected based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. 30 sectional stomach samples were taken as a comparison group. Of the 80 patients included in the study, gastrectomy was performed by 55% (44 people) and gastric resection was performed by 45% (36 people). Results. In our work, the expression level of MMP-7 0.8 ±0.07 was indicated as high, and the expression rate of 0.40± 0.067 as low. During the study, we assessed the link between the level of MMP7 expression and the clinical characteristics of the tumor. We evaluated the following indicators: the disease stage (TNM0), the presence of lesions of lymph nodes, the size of the tumor. Patients with increased MMR7 expression in tumor tissue have a better prognosis than patients with low MMR7 expression. Conclusions. The results of our study showed high MMP7 expression in tumor tissue, which allowed us to establish a correlation between MMP7 expression and adverse clinical outcomes. The data obtained may indicate the possible use of MMP7 as a biomarker for gastric cancer.
{"title":"MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE MMP7 AS NEW PROGNOSTIC BIOMARKER FOR GASTRIC CANCER","authors":"Alevtina Eduardovna Kiseleve, M. A. Antsupova, Aleksey Vladimirovich Semenkov, Igor Igorevich Bykov","doi":"10.17816/onco624049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco624049","url":null,"abstract":"Background. According to statistics, gastric cancer is in a leading position among all gastrointestinal cancers. The most effective treatment for gastric cancer is surgical. There are now heterogeneous clinical outcomes for patients of the same stage. The main causes are the differences in gastric cancer not only at the histological level, but also at the molecular level. Finding the universal biomarkers that can provide information about patient prediction is a subject of interest to scientists around the world. MMP7 is the smallest molecule in the family of matrix metalloproteinase that contributes significantly to oncogenesis by affecting apoptosis and degradation of the extracellular matrix. MMP-7 hyperexpression is associated with aggressive tumor phenotype and worsens prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Therefore, MMP-7 can be a promising biomarker in the treatment of gastric cancer. \u0000Aim. To identify possible correlations between the expression of MMP-7 in patients with gastric cancer and their prognosis. \u0000Materials and Methods. The study included samples of 80 patients diagnosed with diffuse gastric cancer, who were selected based on our inclusion and exclusion criteria. 30 sectional stomach samples were taken as a comparison group. Of the 80 patients included in the study, gastrectomy was performed by 55% (44 people) and gastric resection was performed by 45% (36 people). \u0000Results. In our work, the expression level of MMP-7 0.8 ±0.07 was indicated as high, and the expression rate of 0.40± 0.067 as low. During the study, we assessed the link between the level of MMP7 expression and the clinical characteristics of the tumor. We evaluated the following indicators: the disease stage (TNM0), the presence of lesions of lymph nodes, the size of the tumor. Patients with increased MMR7 expression in tumor tissue have a better prognosis than patients with low MMR7 expression. \u0000Conclusions. The results of our study showed high MMP7 expression in tumor tissue, which allowed us to establish a correlation between MMP7 expression and adverse clinical outcomes. The data obtained may indicate the possible use of MMP7 as a biomarker for gastric cancer.","PeriodicalId":509207,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Oncology","volume":"9 13","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140227463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background. Pancreatoduodenal resections (PDR) are one of the most traumatic and technically complex interventions in abdominal surgery. The correct anesthetic management correct and pain relief allow to substantially reduce the risk of perioperative complications, which remains high even in high-volume oncology centers with extensive experience. Finding new components and methods of anesthesia combined with evaluation of their effectiveness and safety remains actual issue. Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using intravenous lidocaine infusion as a component of anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in cancer patients during PDR. Material and methods. We analyzed the course of anesthesia, operation and postoperative period of 43 patient (mean age 63.2 ± 7.1 years) undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. For the purposes of the study, patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: epidural anesthesia (EA group, n=19) and lidocaine (L group, n=24). For EA group (n=19) we used epidural analgesia as a component of perioperative anesthesia, for L group (n=24) we used prolonged intravenous infusion of lidocaine at an average dose of 1 mg/kg/h. We analyzed the severity of pain syndrome according to NRS in postoperative period, opioid requirement, the time of gastrointestinal function recovery, post-operative complications frequency. In order to prevent systemic toxicity, drug monitoring was carried out - the determination of the plasma concentration of lidocaine. Results. Perioperative opioid requirement was comparable between groups, with no statistically significant differences observed. The degree of pain syndrome according to the NRS scale did not differ statistically, except for the number of NRS scores during activation on day 3, which was significantly lower in the lidocaine group: EA 4.00 (95% CI [3.49 - 4.51] and lidocaine 3, 12 (95% CI [2.64 – 3.61], p = 0.014. In the EA group, there was a statistically significant increase in infusion volume (8.83 ml/kg/h [[(Q1) 7.90 – (Q3) 10 .06] and 7.33 [(Q1) 6.28 - (Q3) 8.49], p = 0.034) and the need for intraoperative vasopressor support than in the lidocaine group (15 (78.9%) and 10 (43 .5%), respectively, p = 0.029. In the lidocaine group, the time to onset of peristalsis was significantly shorter than in the EA group (Me 48.0 h [(Q1) 48.00 - (Q3) 72.00] and Me 60 0 h [(Q1) 36.00 - (Q3) 64.50], p=0.042) The frequency of postoperative complications did not differ between the groups. Conclusions. Based on a comparative analysis of the study results, it can be concluded that prolonged intravenous infusion of lidocaine as a component of perioperative anesthetic protection during pancreatoduodental resections is safe and comparable in terms of analgesic efficacy to epidural blockade.
{"title":"Comparative evaluation of the perioperative anesthesia methods for cancer patients undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy","authors":"Yu.S. Zakharenkova, V. Khoronenko, V. Trifanov","doi":"10.17816/onco623528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco623528","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Pancreatoduodenal resections (PDR) are one of the most traumatic and technically complex interventions in abdominal surgery. The correct anesthetic management correct and pain relief allow to substantially reduce the risk of perioperative complications, which remains high even in high-volume oncology centers with extensive experience. Finding new components and methods of anesthesia combined with evaluation of their effectiveness and safety remains actual issue. \u0000Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of using intravenous lidocaine infusion as a component of anesthesia and postoperative analgesia in cancer patients during PDR. \u0000Material and methods. We analyzed the course of anesthesia, operation and postoperative period of 43 patient (mean age 63.2 ± 7.1 years) undergoing pancreaticoduodenectomy. For the purposes of the study, patients were randomly divided into 2 groups: epidural anesthesia (EA group, n=19) and lidocaine (L group, n=24). For EA group (n=19) we used epidural analgesia as a component of perioperative anesthesia, for L group (n=24) we used prolonged intravenous infusion of lidocaine at an average dose of 1 mg/kg/h. We analyzed the severity of pain syndrome according to NRS in postoperative period, opioid requirement, the time of gastrointestinal function recovery, post-operative complications frequency. In order to prevent systemic toxicity, drug monitoring was carried out - the determination of the plasma concentration of lidocaine. \u0000Results. Perioperative opioid requirement was comparable between groups, with no statistically significant differences observed. The degree of pain syndrome according to the NRS scale did not differ statistically, except for the number of NRS scores during activation on day 3, which was significantly lower in the lidocaine group: EA 4.00 (95% CI [3.49 - 4.51] and lidocaine 3, 12 (95% CI [2.64 – 3.61], p = 0.014. In the EA group, there was a statistically significant increase in infusion volume (8.83 ml/kg/h [[(Q1) 7.90 – (Q3) 10 .06] and 7.33 [(Q1) 6.28 - (Q3) 8.49], p = 0.034) and the need for intraoperative vasopressor support than in the lidocaine group (15 (78.9%) and 10 (43 .5%), respectively, p = 0.029. In the lidocaine group, the time to onset of peristalsis was significantly shorter than in the EA group (Me 48.0 h [(Q1) 48.00 - (Q3) 72.00] and Me 60 0 h [(Q1) 36.00 - (Q3) 64.50], p=0.042) The frequency of postoperative complications did not differ between the groups. \u0000Conclusions. Based on a comparative analysis of the study results, it can be concluded that prolonged intravenous infusion of lidocaine as a component of perioperative anesthetic protection during pancreatoduodental resections is safe and comparable in terms of analgesic efficacy to epidural blockade.","PeriodicalId":509207,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140225708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Research objective was to improve the quality and efficiency of diagnostic measures for prostate cancer through a personalized approach to patients based on an analysis of a set of risk factors. The methodology was developed using the data from the population-based Cancer Registry of the Altai Territory, created at the Altai Regional Oncology Center in Barnaul, Russia. At the moment the Cancer Registry included information on 308,550 patients with malignant neoplasms, including 15,167 males with prostate cancer. On the basis of the method of prostate cancer risk assessment proposed by Lazarev A.F. (patent number: RU 2692987 C1) an automated program for early diagnosis of prostate cancer has been developed (state registration certificate for computer program No. 2019663514). Testing of this technique included assessment of 532 patients (age between 23 and 82 y.o.). 128 patients were determined to belong to the high risk pre-cancer group. A high-risk precancer registry was created which included the patients having individual risk of developing prostate cancer either increased or high or absolute. Upon having a complex of in-depth examinations 7 of 128 patients (9.3%) were diagnosed with prostate cancer, all at early stages (I or II). Thus, the incidence of prostate cancer among the patients from the high risk pre-cancer registry was significantly higher than the average observed during prophylactic examinations (0.01%). It allows to suggest implementation of the method with the aim to assign in-depth examination in more targeted manner to patients at high risk of prostate cancer and to contribute to detection the cancer in the early stages.
{"title":"Early diagnostics of prostate cancer based on a comprehensive analysis of risk factors","authors":"Alexander Lazarev","doi":"10.17816/onco624300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco624300","url":null,"abstract":"Research objective was to improve the quality and efficiency of diagnostic measures for prostate cancer through a personalized approach to patients based on an analysis of a set of risk factors. \u0000The methodology was developed using the data from the population-based Cancer Registry of the Altai Territory, created at the Altai Regional Oncology Center in Barnaul, Russia. At the moment the Cancer Registry included information on 308,550 patients with malignant neoplasms, including 15,167 males with prostate cancer. On the basis of the method of prostate cancer risk assessment proposed by Lazarev A.F. (patent number: RU 2692987 C1) an automated program for early diagnosis of prostate cancer has been developed (state registration certificate for computer program No. 2019663514). Testing of this technique included assessment of 532 patients (age between 23 and 82 y.o.). 128 patients were determined to belong to the high risk pre-cancer group. A high-risk precancer registry was created which included the patients having individual risk of developing prostate cancer either increased or high or absolute. Upon having a complex of in-depth examinations 7 of 128 patients (9.3%) were diagnosed with prostate cancer, all at early stages (I or II). Thus, the incidence of prostate cancer among the patients from the high risk pre-cancer registry was significantly higher than the average observed during prophylactic examinations (0.01%). It allows to suggest implementation of the method with the aim to assign in-depth examination in more targeted manner to patients at high risk of prostate cancer and to contribute to detection the cancer in the early stages.","PeriodicalId":509207,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Oncology","volume":"3 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140226656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. D. Fokeev, S.Yu. Kapitulin, E. S. Kazantseva, Elina K Kapitulinа, Yu.G. Belokrylova, A. F. Lazarev
The result of the treatment of tongue cancer, which includes surgical treatment at the first stage followed by radiation therapy, is presented. Carrying out radical combined treatment of tongue cancer in the future leads to the appearance of a post-radiation ulcer in the area of surgery, followed by the development of a recurrence of tongue cancer in it and metastasis to regional lymph nodes or submandibular salivary glands. All of the above requires oncologists to actively monitor this group of patients. With the development of a post-radiation chronic long-term non-healing ulcer in the area of surgery, surgical rehabilitation should be carried out. Surgical removal of such an ulcer prevents the further development of cancer recurrence. Regular examination, neck ultrasound, cytological examination of suspicious areas of the tongue, regional lymph nodes allows timely detection of relapse and metastases and radical surgical treatment. Such an active tactic of managing this pathology affected the patient's life expectancy 17 years.
{"title":"The effect of active patient management, on life expectancy, in cancer of the tongue T2N0M0","authors":"S. D. Fokeev, S.Yu. Kapitulin, E. S. Kazantseva, Elina K Kapitulinа, Yu.G. Belokrylova, A. F. Lazarev","doi":"10.17816/onco456471","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco456471","url":null,"abstract":"The result of the treatment of tongue cancer, which includes surgical treatment at the first stage followed by radiation therapy, is presented. Carrying out radical combined treatment of tongue cancer in the future leads to the appearance of a post-radiation ulcer in the area of surgery, followed by the development of a recurrence of tongue cancer in it and metastasis to regional lymph nodes or submandibular salivary glands. All of the above requires oncologists to actively monitor this group of patients. With the development of a post-radiation chronic long-term non-healing ulcer in the area of surgery, surgical rehabilitation should be carried out. Surgical removal of such an ulcer prevents the further development of cancer recurrence. Regular examination, neck ultrasound, cytological examination of suspicious areas of the tongue, regional lymph nodes allows timely detection of relapse and metastases and radical surgical treatment. Such an active tactic of managing this pathology affected the patient's life expectancy 17 years.","PeriodicalId":509207,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Oncology","volume":" 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main treatment for pancreatic cancer (PPC) is surgery. The topography of the pancreas, its direct contact with the aorta, portal vein, inferior vena cava is a risk factor for the prevalence of the process, even with relatively small tumor sizes. Often, invasion into neighboring anatomical structures requires reconstructive intervention on adjacent vessels, aggravating the complexity of surgical intervention and its outcomes. The operation of choice for cancer of the head of the pancreas is gastropacreatoduodenal resection, and for a malignant tumor of the tail, distal resection of the pancreas with splenectomy. These operations, especially GPDR, are characterized by a high level of complications and mortality. Complications such as destructive pancreatitis (DP) and failure of the pancreatodigestive anastomosis remain the main cause of death. In our article, we will analyze the various complications that we encountered in our practice.
{"title":"Analysis of complications of surgical treatment of patients diagnosed with pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Nikita Mikolenko","doi":"10.17816/onco584050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/onco584050","url":null,"abstract":"The main treatment for pancreatic cancer (PPC) is surgery. The topography of the pancreas, its direct contact with the aorta, portal vein, inferior vena cava is a risk factor for the prevalence of the process, even with relatively small tumor sizes. Often, invasion into neighboring anatomical structures requires reconstructive intervention on adjacent vessels, aggravating the complexity of surgical intervention and its outcomes. The operation of choice for cancer of the head of the pancreas is gastropacreatoduodenal resection, and for a malignant tumor of the tail, distal resection of the pancreas with splenectomy. These operations, especially GPDR, are characterized by a high level of complications and mortality. Complications such as destructive pancreatitis (DP) and failure of the pancreatodigestive anastomosis remain the main cause of death. In our article, we will analyze the various complications that we encountered in our practice.","PeriodicalId":509207,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of Oncology","volume":" 89","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139144615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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