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Editorial from the New Editor-in-Chief 新主编的社论
IF 0.9 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2020-02-05 DOI: 10.1145/3377148
F. Quaglia
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS) is the journal that offered me articles to read and study at the very beginning of my activity related to simulation methods, algorithms, and systems. It has been my reference for a long time, and I am extremely honored to write this editorial as the new Editor-in-Chief (EIC) of this journal. TOMACS is known to publish excellent research results in many areas, covering a very wide set of topics. It is an extremely interdisciplinary journal that allows theory and practice to meet. This achievement has been possible thanks to the hard work of many persons, including past editors and all the members of the editorial board. I am glad to take the opportunity to continue their work. Nowadays, it is common to use modeling methods and simulation systems to devise strategies, to make critical decisions, and to drive the evolution of processes that affect our lives. Hence, further increasing the visibility of TOMACS across research communities, as well as widening its scope and impact, is a core target I will pursue. I am sure all the members of the editorial board will sustain me and will take an active role in the organization of journal issues, which will include extended versions of articles that have been early scouted as top-quality ones in well-known conferences or other excellent venues. Furthermore, it is my objective to additionally strengthen the linkage between TOMACS and conferences that have traditionally, or more recently, offered the support for thematic (although not narrow) special issues. I will welcome high-quality surveys providing an assessment of the state of the art and pointing to challenging research directions. Thanks to the big effort by the previous EIC Adelinde Uhrmacher, TOMACS has started being involved in the important process of Reproducibility of Computational Results (RCR). This process further qualifies the research results published in the journal by guaranteeing a more direct and fruitful re-usability of results across researchers. I will sustain the involvement of TOMACS in RCR by encouraging authors of submitted articles to participate in this initiative. Rigorously managing the review process is an additional target I will pursue, with the objective of combining high quality of the reviews with speed in the evaluation of the submitted articles. Timeliness in the diffusion of relevant research results will be of crucial importance for the TOMACS community, as well as for all the communities that can take advantage of these results for stepping ahead in their research paths and achievements. In the end, we will all benefit from it. For sure, handling TOMACS as EIC will be a challenge, in which I will put as much passion as I can.
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)是在我刚开始从事与仿真方法、算法和系统相关的活动时为我提供文章阅读和研究的期刊。这是我长期以来的参考文献,我非常荣幸能以本刊新任主编(EIC)的身份撰写这篇社论。TOMACS以在许多领域发表优秀的研究成果而闻名,涵盖了非常广泛的主题。这是一本跨学科的杂志,理论与实践相结合。这一成就得益于许多人的辛勤工作,包括过去的编辑和编委会的所有成员。我很高兴借此机会继续他们的工作。如今,通常使用建模方法和仿真系统来设计策略,做出关键决策,并推动影响我们生活的过程的演变。因此,进一步提高TOMACS在研究界的知名度,以及扩大其范围和影响,是我将追求的核心目标。我相信编委会的所有成员都将支持我,并将在组织期刊发行方面发挥积极作用,其中包括在知名会议或其他优秀场所早期被评为高质量文章的扩展版本。此外,我的目标是进一步加强TOMACS与传统上或最近为专题(虽然不是狭义的)特别问题提供支持的会议之间的联系。我将欢迎高质量的调查,提供对艺术现状的评估,并指出具有挑战性的研究方向。由于前EIC Adelinde uhracher的巨大努力,TOMACS已经开始参与计算结果再现性(RCR)的重要过程。这一过程通过保证研究人员之间更直接、更有效地重用结果,进一步提高了发表在期刊上的研究结果的质量。我将通过鼓励提交文章的作者参与这一倡议来维持TOMACS对RCR的参与。严格管理审稿过程是我将追求的另一个目标,其目标是将审稿的高质量与对提交文章的评估速度相结合。相关研究成果传播的及时性对于TOMACS社区以及所有可以利用这些结果在其研究路径和成果方面取得进展的社区至关重要。最终,我们都会从中受益。当然,作为EIC来管理TOMACS将是一个挑战,我将尽我所能地投入激情。
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引用次数: 0
Modeling, Simulation, and Control of Steam Generation Processes 蒸汽生成过程的建模、仿真和控制
IF 0.9 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2019-04-10 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79410
G. Dieck-Assad, José Luis Vega-Fonseca, Isaías Hernández Ramírez, A. Favela-Contreras
This chapter describes a modeling methodology to provide the main characteristics of a simulation tool to analyze the steady state, transient operation, and control of steam generation processes, such as heat recovery steam generators (HRSG). The methodology includes a modular strategy that considers individual heat exchangers such as: economizers, evapo-rators, superheaters, drum tanks, and control systems. The modular strategy consists of the development of a numerical modeling tool that integrates sub-models based upon first principle equations of mass, energy, and momentum balance. The main heat transfer mech- anisms characterize the dynamics of steam generation systems during normal and abnor-mal operations, which include the response of key process variables such as vapor pressure, temperature, and mass flow rate. Other important variables are: gas temperature, fluid temperature, drum pressure, drum ’ s liquid level, and mass flow rate at each module. Those variables are usually analyzed with design predicted performance of real industrial equip- ment such as HRSG systems. Finally, two case studies of the application of the modeling strategy are provided to show the effectiveness and utility of the methodology.
本章描述了一种建模方法,提供了一种模拟工具的主要特征,用于分析蒸汽产生过程的稳态、瞬态运行和控制,例如热回收蒸汽发生器(HRSG)。该方法包括一个模块化的策略,考虑单独的热交换器,如:省煤器,蒸发器,过热器,鼓罐和控制系统。模块化策略包括开发一个数值建模工具,该工具集成了基于质量、能量和动量平衡的第一性原理方程的子模型。主要的传热机制表征了蒸汽发生系统在正常和异常运行时的动力学特性,包括关键过程变量(如蒸汽压力、温度和质量流量)的响应。其他重要的变量是:气体温度,流体温度,汽包压力,汽包液位和每个模块的质量流量。这些变量通常是用实际工业装备(如余热sg系统)的设计预测性能来分析的。最后,提供了两个建模策略应用的案例研究,以显示该方法的有效性和实用性。
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引用次数: 0
Introductory Chapter: Computer Simulation 导论章:计算机仿真
IF 0.9 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2019-02-08 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.84198
D. Cvetkovic
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引用次数: 0
Ranking and Selection 排名和选择
IF 0.9 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2019-01-24 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-1153-7_200685
GörderBjürn, KolonkoMichael
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引用次数: 0
Agent-Based Modeling and Simulation of Biological Systems 基于agent的生物系统建模与仿真
IF 0.9 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2018-12-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.80070
Şebnem Bora, Sevcan Emek
Agent-based modeling and simulation is a powerful technique in simulating and explor- ing phenomena that includes a large set of active components represented by agents. The agents are actors operating in a real system, influencing the simulated environment and influenced by the simulated environment. The agents are included in the simula tion model as model components performing actions autonomously and interacting with other agents and the simulated environment to represent behaviors in the real system. In this chapter, we describe how to develop an agent-based model and simulation for biological systems in Repast Simphony platform, which is a Java-based modeling system. Repast Simphony helps developers to create a scenario tree including displays of agents, grid and continuous space, data sets, data loaders, histogram, and time charts. At the end of this chapter, we present case studies developed by our research group with references to demonstrate local behavior of biological system.
基于智能体的建模和仿真是一种强大的模拟和探索现象的技术,其中包括由智能体表示的大量活动组件。agent是在真实系统中活动的行为体,影响模拟环境并受模拟环境的影响。代理作为模型组件包含在仿真模型中,自主地执行动作,并与其他代理和模拟环境交互,以表示真实系统中的行为。在这一章中,我们描述了如何在Repast Simphony平台上开发一个基于agent的生物系统模型和仿真,Repast Simphony是一个基于java的建模系统。Repast Simphony帮助开发人员创建一个场景树,包括代理、网格和连续空间、数据集、数据加载器、直方图和时间表的显示。在本章的最后,我们提出了我们的研究小组开发的案例研究,并参考了生物系统的局部行为。
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引用次数: 4
Modeling, Motion Study, and Computer Simulation of Thomas Earnshaw’s Chronometer Detent Escapement Mechanism 建模,运动研究,和计算机模拟的托马斯·恩肖的计时器扣擒纵机构
IF 0.9 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2018-11-05 DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.79939
Ivana Cvetković, M. Stojicevic, B. Popkonstantinović
The escapement is a very important horological invention and it is commonly used in theory of clocks and chronometers. It transfers energy to the timekeeping element and allows the number of its oscillations to be counted. The chronometer detent escape- ment used in marine chronometers was modified and simplified by Thomas Earnshaw, English renowned watchmaker, in order to make it available to the public. This chapter deals with 3D modeling and assembling of all escapement parts in SolidWorks, as well as constructive geometry of mechanism and computer simulation. The whole process has been accomplished in program “SolidWorks 2016,” where all parts are assembled by using standard mates since this approach is suitable for motion and dynamical analysis. Generated simulation results are very close to the real ones, thereby using computation ally strong kinematic solvers.
擒纵机构是一项非常重要的钟表发明,它通常用于钟表和计时器的理论。它将能量传递给计时元件,并允许计算其振荡的次数。英国著名制表师托马斯·恩肖(Thomas Earnshaw)对航海时计中使用的计时器防扣逃逸装置进行了改进和简化,以便于公众使用。本章讨论了在SolidWorks中所有擒纵机构部件的三维建模和组装,以及机构的构造几何和计算机仿真。整个过程已经在“SolidWorks 2016”程序中完成,其中所有部件都通过使用标准配件组装,因为这种方法适用于运动和动力学分析。生成的仿真结果与实际结果非常接近,因此可以使用计算能力较强的运动学求解器。
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引用次数: 0
ProPPA: Probabilistic Programming for Stochastic Dynamical Systems 随机动力系统的概率规划
IF 0.9 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2018-01-31 DOI: 10.1145/3154392
Anastasis Georgoulas, J. Hillston, Guido Sanguinetti
Formal languages like process algebras have been shown to be effective tools in modelling a wide range of dynamic systems, providing a high-level description that is readily transformed into an executable model. However, their application is sometimes hampered because the quantitative details of many real-world systems of interest are not fully known. In contrast, in machine learning, there has been work to develop probabilistic programming languages, which provide system descriptions that incorporate uncertainty and leverage advanced statistical techniques to infer unknown parameters from observed data. Unfortunately, current probabilistic programming languages are typically too low-level to be suitable for complex modelling. In this article, we present a Probabilistic Programming Process Algebra (ProPPA), the first instance of the probabilistic programming paradigm being applied to a high-level, formal language, and its supporting tool suite. We explain the semantics of the language in terms of a quantitative generalisation of Constraint Markov Chains and describe the implementation of the language, discussing in some detail the different inference algorithms available and their domain of applicability. We conclude by illustrating the use of the language on simple but non-trivial case studies: here, ProPPA is shown to combine the elegance and simplicity of high-level formal modelling languages with an effective way of incorporating data, making it a promising tool for modelling studies.
像过程代数这样的形式语言已经被证明是建模各种动态系统的有效工具,它提供了易于转换为可执行模型的高级描述。然而,它们的应用有时会受到阻碍,因为许多感兴趣的现实世界系统的定量细节并不完全清楚。相比之下,在机器学习领域,人们一直致力于开发概率编程语言,这些语言提供包含不确定性的系统描述,并利用先进的统计技术从观察到的数据中推断未知参数。不幸的是,当前的概率编程语言通常太低级,不适合复杂的建模。在本文中,我们介绍了概率编程过程代数(Probabilistic Programming Process Algebra, ProPPA),这是应用于高级形式语言的概率编程范式的第一个实例,以及它的支持工具套件。我们根据约束马尔可夫链的定量概括来解释该语言的语义,并描述该语言的实现,详细讨论了可用的不同推理算法及其适用范围。最后,我们举例说明了该语言在简单但不平凡的案例研究中的使用:在这里,ProPPA显示了将高级正式建模语言的优雅和简单性与有效的合并数据的方法相结合,使其成为建模研究的有前途的工具。
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引用次数: 5
Multithreaded Stochastic PDES for Reactions and Diffusions in Neurons. 神经元反应和扩散的多线程随机PDES。
IF 0.9 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2017-07-01 DOI: 10.1145/2987373
Zhongwei Lin, Carl Tropper, Robert A Mcdougal, Mohammand Nazrul Ishlam Patoary, William W Lytton, Yiping Yao, Michael L Hines

Cells exhibit stochastic behavior when the number of molecules is small. Hence a stochastic reaction-diffusion simulator capable of working at scale can provide a more accurate view of molecular dynamics within the cell. This paper describes a parallel discrete event simulator, Neuron Time Warp-Multi Thread (NTW-MT), developed for the simulation of reaction diffusion models of neurons. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first parallel discrete event simulator oriented towards stochastic simulation of chemical reactions in a neuron. The simulator was developed as part of the NEURON project. NTW-MT is optimistic and thread-based, which attempts to capitalize on multi-core architectures used in high performance machines. It makes use of a multi-level queue for the pending event set and a single roll-back message in place of individual anti-messages to disperse contention and decrease the overhead of processing rollbacks. Global Virtual Time is computed asynchronously both within and among processes to get rid of the overhead for synchronizing threads. Memory usage is managed in order to avoid locking and unlocking when allocating and de-allocating memory and to maximize cache locality. We verified our simulator on a calcium buffer model. We examined its performance on a calcium wave model, comparing it to the performance of a process based optimistic simulator and a threaded simulator which uses a single priority queue for each thread. Our multi-threaded simulator is shown to achieve superior performance to these simulators. Finally, we demonstrated the scalability of our simulator on a larger CICR model and a more detailed CICR model.

当分子数量较少时,细胞表现出随机行为。因此,能够大规模工作的随机反应扩散模拟器可以提供更准确的细胞内分子动力学视图。本文介绍了一种用于模拟神经元反应扩散模型的并行离散事件模拟器——神经元时间扭曲-多线程(NTW-MT)。据我们所知,这是第一个面向神经元化学反应随机模拟的并行离散事件模拟器。该模拟器是作为NEURON项目的一部分开发的。NTW-MT是乐观的、基于线程的,它试图利用高性能机器中使用的多核架构。它为挂起的事件集使用多级队列,并使用单个回滚消息代替单个反消息,以分散争用并减少处理回滚的开销。全局虚拟时间在进程内部和进程之间异步计算,以消除同步线程的开销。管理内存使用是为了在分配和取消分配内存时避免锁定和解锁,并最大化缓存局部性。我们在钙缓冲液模型上验证了我们的模拟器。我们在钙波模型上检查了它的性能,并将其与基于进程的乐观模拟器和为每个线程使用单个优先级队列的线程模拟器的性能进行了比较。我们的多线程模拟器的性能优于这些模拟器。最后,我们在更大的CICR模型和更详细的CICR模型上演示了我们的模拟器的可伸缩性。
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引用次数: 11
Formalization of Weak Emergence in Multiagent Systems 多智能体系统弱涌现的形式化
IF 0.9 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2015-12-28 DOI: 10.1145/2815502
Claudia Szabo, Y. M. Teo
Emergence becomes a distinguishing system feature as system complexity grows with the number of components, interactions, and connectivities. Examples of emergent behaviors include the flocking of birds, traffic jams, and hubs in social networks, among others. Despite significant research interest in recent years, there is a lack of formal methods to understand, identify, and predict emergent behavior in multiagent systems. Existing approaches either require detailed prior knowledge about emergent behavior or are computationally infeasible. This article introduces a grammar-based approach to formalize and identify the existence and extent of emergence without the need for prior knowledge of emergent properties. Our approach is based on weak (basic) emergence that is both generated and autonomous from the underlying agents. We employ formal grammars to capture agent interactions in the forms of words written on a common tape. Our formalism captures agents of diverse types and open systems. We propose an automated approach for the identification of emergent behavior and show its benefits through theoretical and experimental analysis. We also propose a significant reduction of state-space explosion through the use of our proposed degree of interaction metrics. Our experiments using the boids model show the feasibility of our approach but also highlight future avenues of improvement.
随着系统复杂性随着组件、交互和连接性的增加而增加,涌现成为一个显著的系统特征。突发行为的例子包括鸟群、交通堵塞、社交网络中心等。尽管近年来研究兴趣显著,但缺乏正式的方法来理解、识别和预测多智能体系统中的紧急行为。现有的方法要么需要对突发行为有详细的先验知识,要么在计算上不可行。本文介绍了一种基于语法的方法来形式化和识别突现的存在和程度,而不需要事先了解突现属性。我们的方法是基于弱(基本)涌现,它是由底层代理生成和自主的。我们使用正式语法以写在普通磁带上的单词形式捕获代理交互。我们的形式主义涵盖了各种类型和开放系统的代理。我们提出了一种自动识别突现行为的方法,并通过理论和实验分析证明了它的好处。我们还建议通过使用我们提出的交互度量程度来显著减少状态空间爆炸。我们使用boids模型的实验显示了我们方法的可行性,但也突出了未来改进的途径。
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引用次数: 29
Editorial for Principles of Advanced Discrete Simulation 高级离散仿真原理编辑
IF 0.9 4区 计算机科学 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INTERDISCIPLINARY APPLICATIONS Pub Date : 2015-12-28 DOI: 10.1145/2845147
Gabriel A. Wainer
Modeling and simulation has witnessed a surge of advanced methods and tools to improve the tasks of the simulation users, ranging from advanced methodologies, software development methods, middleware, visualization tools, analytics, Cloud computing, standards, and others. Within this context, the new ACM SIGSIM Conference on Principles of Advanced Discrete Simulation (SIGSIM-PADS) has allowed sharing and discussing new methods, tools and applications in this field. The new SIGSIM-PADS conference was rebuilt upon 26 years of history and the reputation for high-quality papers of the traditional PADS Workshop (Workshop on Principles of Advanced and Distributed Simulation). The objective of this new conference is now the intersection of computer science and modeling and simulation. The inaugural conference attracted 75 full paper submissions from 27 countries around the world. From the 29 papers accepted, the top 10 were invited to submit extended versions. There was also a call for papers for articles related to this field of research. The numerous articles (some of which were new, and others were extended versions of the original SIGSIM-PADS articles) were peer reviewed again by at least three reviewers, making the quality of the final submissions very high. The topics were varied, ranging from automation in parallel simulation in multicore architectures, generation of simulation models, management of activity in simulation, heterogeneous parallel simulation, and theory and emergent behavior. We also received articles on agent-based simulation, simulation with hardware-in-the-loop, and varied applications including networking and communications, logistics, and biology. The articles presented in this issue can be categorized, based on their research area, into the following areas: modeling methodologies, parallel and distributed simulation, and network simulation and emulation.
建模和仿真见证了先进方法和工具的激增,以改善仿真用户的任务,包括先进的方法,软件开发方法,中间件,可视化工具,分析,云计算,标准等。在此背景下,新的ACM SIGSIM高级离散仿真原理会议(SIGSIM- pads)允许分享和讨论该领域的新方法、工具和应用。新的SIGSIM-PADS会议是在26年的历史和传统PADS研讨会(高级和分布式仿真原理研讨会)的高质量论文声誉的基础上重建的。这次新会议的目标是计算机科学与建模和仿真的交叉。首届会议吸引了来自全球27个国家的75篇论文全文。在接受的29篇论文中,前10名被邀请提交扩展版。同时也在征集与这一研究领域有关的文章。大量的文章(其中一些是新的,另一些是原始SIGSIM-PADS文章的扩展版本)由至少三位审稿人再次进行同行评审,使最终提交的文章质量非常高。主题多种多样,包括多核架构中并行仿真的自动化、仿真模型的生成、仿真活动的管理、异构并行仿真以及理论和紧急行为。我们还收到了关于基于代理的仿真、硬件在环仿真以及包括网络和通信、物流和生物学在内的各种应用的文章。根据研究领域的不同,本文可以分为以下几个方面:建模方法、并行与分布式仿真、网络仿真与仿真。
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引用次数: 4
期刊
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation
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