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Natural Disasters Impact on Village Development in Indonesia: An Econometric Study 自然灾害对印度尼西亚乡村发展的影响:计量经济学研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i2772
Faradiba Faradiba
Disasters have a negative impact on various aspects, including regional development. The impact of natural disasters can be in the form of material loss or loss of life. Indonesia has quite a large potential for natural disasters, because it is surrounded by several oceans and there are several mountains that are still active. Based on this background, this research aims to determine the impact of natural disasters on the development of rural areas. The data used in this research comes from Podes 2021 data and the 2022 and 2023 Developing Village Index. The method used in this research is multiple linear regression. The results of this research indicate that natural disasters have a negative impact on economic aspects and lead to village development. Of the three independent variables in this study, it is known that volcanic eruptions and drought (land) have the deepest significant negative impact, both 1 year after the event and 2 years after the event. Villages are areas that are very vulnerable to natural disasters, besides that development in rural areas tends to accelerate relatively slowly. For this reason, an extra role is needed from the government to carry out evacuations when a disaster occurs, and also carry out mitigation from the start in order to minimize the negative impacts caused. Handling natural disasters in rural areas can be carried out on a priority scale, so that people's basic needs can be met immediately.
灾害对包括地区发展在内的各个方面都有负面影响。自然灾害的影响可能是物质损失,也可能是生命损失。印尼是一个自然灾害频发的国家,因为它四面环海,而且有几座山脉仍在活动。基于这一背景,本研究旨在确定自然灾害对农村地区发展的影响。本研究使用的数据来自 Podes 2021 年的数据以及 2022 年和 2023 年的发展中乡村指数。本研究采用的方法是多元线性回归。研究结果表明,自然灾害对经济方面有负面影响,并导致乡村发展。据了解,在本研究的三个自变量中,火山爆发和干旱(土地)的负面影响最深,在事件发生 1 年后和 2 年后都是如此。村庄是非常容易受到自然灾害影响的地区,此外,农村地区的发展速度往往相对较慢。因此,政府需要发挥额外的作用,在灾害发生时进行疏散,并从一开始就进行减灾,以尽量减少造成的负面影响。农村地区的自然灾害可以优先处理,以便立即满足人们的基本需求。
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引用次数: 0
The Role of Downstreaming the MSME Industry and the Green Economy in Supporting National Economic Growth 中小微企业下游产业和绿色经济在支持国民经济增长中的作用
Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i2769
Farid Triandarto, Hwihanus, Slamet Riyadi
The downstream program issued by the Indonesian government is not only for the mining sector, but also other sectors including micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs).In the midst of the potential for downstreaming, there are various challenges that are still emerging, both the impact of downstreaming on the economy which needs to be expanded, as well as challenges related to production factors, as well as regulations in terms of implementing green industry. With the implementation of this green industry, it is hoped that it can increase competitiveness with environmentally friendly production processes and results. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the influence of downstream policies for the MSME industry and the implementation of a green economy on national economic growth. The analysis technique used is SEM (Stuctural Equation Modeling) which is operated through the AMOS 24 application. The test results found that the economic downstream policy, apart from supporting economic growth, also provides added value and diversification of Indonesia's superior export products. The downstreaming of various commodities also supports the Green Economy in Indonesia. This industrial downstream policy is also an important foundation for advancing the Indonesian economy in making leaps in Indonesia's economic growth globally. These findings can support the next Indonesian government to continue the industrial downstream policy until Indonesia becomes a developed country.
印尼政府颁布的下游计划不仅适用于采矿业,也适用于包括微型、小型和中型企业(MSMEs)在内的其他行业。在下游潜力巨大的同时,各种挑战也在不断涌现,既包括下游对经济的影响有待扩大,也包括与生产要素相关的挑战,以及在实施绿色工业方面的法规。随着这一绿色产业的实施,希望它能以环保的生产过程和结果提高竞争力。本研究旨在分析中小微企业产业下游政策和绿色经济的实施对国民经济增长的影响。使用的分析技术是结构方程建模(SEM),通过 AMOS 24 应用程序进行操作。检验结果发现,经济下游政策除了支持经济增长外,还为印尼的优势出口产品提供了附加值和多样化。各种商品的下游化也为印尼的绿色经济提供了支持。这种产业下游政策也是推动印尼经济在全球范围内实现飞跃的重要基础。这些研究结果可以支持下一届印尼政府继续实施工业下游政策,直至印尼成为发达国家。
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引用次数: 0
Strategies to Increase the Competitiveness of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs): A Narrative Literature Review 提高中小微型企业(MSMEs)竞争力的战略:叙述性文献综述
Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i1768
Ramon Hurdawaty, Martinus Tukiran
Micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) are one of the important pillars of the country's economy. MSMEs have an important role in creating jobs, increasing economic growth, and improving community welfare. The competitiveness of MSMEs is vital for their success and for driving economic growth. To increase the competitiveness of MSMEs, the right strategy is needed. This strategy must be adapted to the characteristics of MSMEs, such as the business sector, target market, and competitive conditions. These research questions are: 1) What are the strategies for increasing the competitiveness of MSMEs?, and 2) What supporting factors can increase the competitiveness of MSMEs? The research method used is a narrative literature review of five references taken from the ScienceDirect database from 2020 to 2023 that discuss strategies for increasing the competitiveness of MSMEs. These five papers have a strong connection because they all discuss the relationship between innovation and the performance of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). The results of the narrative literature review show that thera are several strategies can be used to increase the competitiveness of MSMEs namely digitalization, product and service innovation, business process innovation, and marketing and sales innovation. Beyond these strategies, the studies emphasize the importance of several supporting factors, such as government support, access to financial resources, networking, and collaboration opportunities. The implication of this research is to contribute ideas to the government and owners of MSMEs in the form of a model increasing the competitiveness of MSMEs in the global market.
微型、小型和中型企业(MSMEs)是国家经济的重要支柱之一。中小微企业在创造就业机会、促进经济增长和改善社区福利方面发挥着重要作用。中小微企业的竞争力对其成功和推动经济增长至关重要。要提高中小微企业的竞争力,需要正确的战略。这一战略必须适应中小微企业的特点,如企业部门、目标市场和竞争条件。这些研究问题是1) 提高中小微企业竞争力的战略是什么?所采用的研究方法是对 2020 年至 2023 年期间从 ScienceDirect 数据库中提取的五篇讨论提高中小微型企业竞争力策略的参考文献进行叙述性文献综述。这五篇论文具有很强的关联性,因为它们都讨论了创新与中小微型企业(MSMEs)绩效之间的关系。文献综述的结果表明,有几种策略可用于提高中小微型企业的竞争力,即数字化、产品和服务创新、业务流程创新以及营销和销售创新。除这些战略外,研究还强调了一些辅助因素的重要性,如政府支持、获得财政资源、网络和合作机会。本研究的意义在于为政府和中小微企业主提供思路,以一种模式的形式提高中小微企业在全球市场上的竞争力。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Political Instability on Private Investment: Empirical Investigation from African Firms 政治不稳定对私人投资的影响:非洲企业的经验调查
Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i2770
Nji Ngouhouo Ibrahim, Donald Franklin Njintcha Ngahane
Using data from the World Bank Enterprise Surveys (WBES), our analysis focuses on the effect of perceptions of political instability on private investment at the firm level in Africa. We apply econometric techniques to correct for biases inherent in the data, such as measurement errors, missing observations, and the endogeneity problem. We used time series cross-section analysis employing the two-stage least squares (2SLS) method. Our results show that political instability has a negative and significant impact on business investment, irrespective of location of the firms. However, this effect is insignificant and weak for small firms. Furthermore, we identify a significant impact of administrative constraints, regulatory constraints and infrastructure constraints on investment. These findings highlight the importance of Strengthening political stability in order to stimulate investment, especially in small towns. Putting in place incentives and programmes to encourage employee training can improve business productivity.
我们利用世界银行企业调查(WBES)的数据,重点分析了政治不稳定性对非洲企业层面私人投资的影响。我们运用计量经济学技术来纠正数据中固有的偏差,如测量误差、观测数据缺失和内生性问题。我们采用两阶段最小二乘法(2SLS)进行时间序列横截面分析。结果显示,无论企业位于何处,政治不稳定都会对企业投资产生显著的负面影响。然而,对于小型企业来说,这种影响并不显著,而且很微弱。此外,我们还发现行政限制、监管限制和基础设施限制对投资有重大影响。这些发现凸显了加强政治稳定以刺激投资的重要性,尤其是在小城镇。制定鼓励员工培训的激励措施和计划可以提高企业生产率。
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引用次数: 0
Social Media Instagram and Purchasing Decisions 社交媒体 Instagram 与采购决策
Pub Date : 2024-01-13 DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i1767
Ali Akbar Anggara, M. Kaukab, Yudhistira Pradhipta
This research aims to analyze the influence of content creation, content sharing, connection, and community building on purchasing decisions. The study employs a quantitative approach with a sample size of 107 respondents. The research instrument used includes questionnaires/surveys and literature review. Data analysis is conducted using SPSS. The research findings indicate the following: 1) content creation has a positive impact on purchasing decisions; 2) content sharing does not have a significant impact or has a negative influence on purchasing decisions; 3) connection does not have a significant impact or has a negative influence on purchasing decisions; 4) community building has a positive impact on purchasing decisions. Overall, social media has superior contribution on making purchase decion for customer. The researchers seek to understand whether the content generated and shared on social media platforms has a significant influence on consumers' choices when making purchases.
本研究旨在分析内容创建、内容共享、联系和社区建设对购买决策的影响。研究采用定量方法,样本量为 107 个受访者。使用的研究工具包括问卷/调查和文献综述。数据分析使用 SPSS 进行。研究结果表明1)内容创建对购买决策有积极影响;2)内容共享对购买决策没有显著影响或有负面影响;3)连接对购买决策没有显著影响或有负面影响;4)社区建设对购买决策有积极影响。总之,社交媒体对客户做出购买决策有卓越的贡献。研究人员试图了解社交媒体平台上生成和分享的内容是否会对消费者的购买决策产生重大影响。
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引用次数: 0
An Ethnographic View of Kaizen Culture in the Concept of Human Capital at the Top-Middle Management Level 中高层管理人员人力资本概念中的 "改善文化 "人种学视角
Pub Date : 2024-01-13 DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i1766
Hening Nakuloadi, A. Riani, Nur Wening
Research Purposes: This article aims to deepen the understanding of Kaizen culture in relation to the concept of human capital at the current middle-top managerial level. Research Methods: This research led to the choice of using a qualitative method approach, ethnography. Research Originality: This research is the first to be conducted, and is expected to contribute to the development of human capital theory at the managerial level of companies. Findings: From this Kaizen culture, they teach humans to make changes for the good in an efficient, processed manner and to make life goals more meaningful. To support the implementation of the Kaizen Strategy, we need standardization in the production process and work procedures in an organization, namely SMART (Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, and Timely). Implications: We can apply to Kaizen culture not only at the individual level but also on a large corporate scale such as manufacturing, this is because it makes everything better and more efficient over time. From this Kaizen culture, humans are also taught to make changes with goodness in an efficient, processed manner, and to make life goals more meaningful. There are 10 Kaizen principles that can be applied so that a person's life goals become more developed and meaningful, namely continuing to improve one's abilities; Leave Old Bad Habits behind; Proactive; Always Correct Yourself; Want to develop yourself in your own way; Willing to listen to other people's opinions; Can utilize gathering moments more effectively; Want to ask yourself; and Live Economically and Efficiently. Limitations: Kaizen culture using the SMART method cannot be short term, but takes the form of an accumulation of success in a long-term context.
研究目的:本文旨在加深当前中高层管理人员对与人力资本概念相关的 Kaizen 文化的理解。研究方法:本研究选择了人种学这一定性研究方法。研究的原创性:本研究为首次开展,有望为企业管理层面的人力资本理论发展做出贡献。研究结果:从这种Kaizen文化中,他们教会人类以高效、流程化的方式做出有益的改变,并使人生目标更有意义。为了支持Kaizen战略的实施,我们需要在组织的生产过程和工作程序中实现标准化,即SMART(具体、可衡量、可实现、相关、及时)。影响:我们不仅可以在个人层面应用改善文化,也可以在制造业等大型企业中应用,因为随着时间的推移,改善文化会让一切变得更好、更有效率。从这种Kaizen文化中,人类也学会了以高效、有序的方式做出善意的改变,并使人生目标更有意义。有 10 条改善原则可以让人的人生目标变得更有发展和意义,它们分别是:不断提高自己的能力;抛弃旧的坏习惯;积极主动;经常修正自己;希望以自己的方式发展自己;愿意听取他人的意见;能够更有效地利用聚集的时刻;希望问自己;经济而有效地生活。局限性:使用 SMART 方法的改善文化不可能是短期的,而是在长期背景下积累成功经验的一种形式。
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引用次数: 0
Gender and Parental Income Disparities in Secondary School Students' Hard Skills Levels: A Study in Sri Lanka 中学生硬技能水平的性别和父母收入差异:斯里兰卡研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i1758
J. Careemdeen
Aims: This research investigates the intricate interplay between gender and parental income as pivotal determinants influencing hard skills proficiency among secondary school students in Sri Lanka. Positioned within the dynamic landscape of secondary education, the study aims to unravel the nuanced factors that contribute to educational disparities. Study Design:  Methodologically, a quantitative research design was employed, utilising a survey-based approach to gather data from a diverse sample of 1350 secondary school students in Sri Lanka. The sampling strategy employed was stratified random sampling, ensuring representation across various socio-economic strata. The study used rigorous measures to guarantee the questionnaire's validity and reliability, enhancing the findings' robustness. Place and Duration of Study: Situated within the diverse socio-economic landscape of Sri Lanka, the research spans secondary schools in different regions of the country. The study duration encompassed a specific timeframe, providing a snapshot of the current state of affairs within the evolving educational system of Sri Lanka Methodology: The findings revealed moderately high overall hard skills proficiency levels among secondary school students, with notable variations in language skills and project contribution. Significant gender-based disparities and parental income variations were identified, underscoring the necessity for targeted interventions. The study's contribution to the discourse on educational equity and social justice is evident, emphasising the broader societal and economic contexts. Results: The research findings highlight gender-based differences and parental income disparities, shedding light on specific areas where interventions are urgently needed. Language skills and project contribution emerged as key domains where variations were pronounced, providing actionable insights for policymakers and educators Conclusion: This research highlights the urgency of implementing gender-sensitive educational interventions, initiatives to enhance computer skills, and targeted support for low-income families in Sri Lanka. Emphasising the necessity for policy changes prioritizing educational equity and advocating for community engagement initiatives, the successful application of these recommendations in Sri Lanka could serve as a blueprint for fostering inclusive and equitable learning environments globally.
目的:本研究调查了性别与父母收入之间错综复杂的相互作用,它们是影响斯里兰卡中学生硬技能水平的关键决定因素。本研究以中等教育的动态发展为背景,旨在揭示造成教育差异的细微因素。研究设计: 在方法上,本研究采用了定量研究设计,以调查为基础,从斯里兰卡 1350 名中学生的不同样本中收集数据。采用的抽样策略是分层随机抽样,确保不同社会经济阶层的代表性。研究采用了严格的措施来保证问卷的有效性和可靠性,从而增强了研究结果的稳健性。研究地点和时间:研究地点位于斯里兰卡多样化的社会经济环境中,横跨该国不同地区的中学。研究时间涵盖了一个特定的时间段,为斯里兰卡不断发展的教育体系提供了一个现状快照:研究结果表明,中学生的总体硬技能水平中等偏上,在语言技能和项目贡献方面存在明显差异。研究还发现了显著的性别差异和家长收入差异,这说明有必要采取有针对性的干预措施。这项研究强调了更广泛的社会和经济背景,对教育公平和社会公正的讨论做出了明显的贡献。成果:研究结果凸显了性别差异和父母收入差异,揭示了急需采取干预措施的具体领域。语言技能和项目贡献是差异明显的关键领域,为政策制定者和教育工作者提供了可操作的见解:本研究强调了在斯里兰卡实施对性别问题有敏感认识的教育干预措施、提高计算机技能的举措以及为低收入家庭提供有针对性的支持的紧迫性。这些建议在斯里兰卡的成功应用,可作为在全球营造全纳和公平学习环境的蓝图。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the Role of Attitudinal Factors in Shaping Fire Prevention Intentions: A Study of Response Efficacy in Public Markets of Tanzania 探讨态度因素在形成防火意愿中的作用:坦桑尼亚公共市场的响应效力研究
Pub Date : 2024-01-02 DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i1759
Billy J. Mwakatage, Bahati Golyama
The need of this study was to examine the moderating effects of attitude on the relationship between response efficacy and prevention intention of fire outbreaks in public markets. This research utilized quantitative research methods, surveying 384 participants consisting of traders and market management in the Dar es Salaam Region. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select respondents from 10 markets, and data analysis was conducted using a structural equation model. Findings show that attitudes moderate the relationship between perceived response efficacies towards prevention intention of fire outbreaks in public markets. The result shows that the effects of perceived response efficacy to attitudes (CR = 0.114, P = 0.035 and SRW = 0.480) and path leading from attitudes to prevention intention on outbreaks of fire in public markets was (CR = 0.2.653, P = 0.008 and SRW = 0.931). The study recommends that building attitudes on fire prevention should be a continuous process in public market in Tanzania.
本研究的目的是探讨态度对公共市场火灾爆发的应对效能和预防意愿之间关系的调节作用。本研究采用定量研究方法,调查了达累斯萨拉姆地区由商贩和市场管理人员组成的 384 名参与者。采用简单随机抽样技术从 10 个市场中选取了受访者,并使用结构方程模型进行了数据分析。研究结果表明,态度调节了公共市场火灾爆发预防意向的感知响应效率之间的关系。结果显示,感知反应效能对态度的影响为(CR = 0.114,P = 0.035,SRW = 0.480),从态度到公共市场火灾爆发预防意向的路径为(CR = 0.2.653,P = 0.008,SRW = 0.931)。研究建议,在坦桑尼亚的公共市场中,培养防火态度应是一个持续的过程。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics
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