Pub Date : 2024-07-15DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7855
Ahmad Baihaqy
Aims: This study examines the influence of job conflict, work-related stress, and employee motivation on organizational commitment, addressing their critical importance to organizational sustainability and employee commitment levels. Study Design: This is a quantitative research study. Methodology: Data were collected through surveys from a diverse sample of employees. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied using tools such as SPSS, Partial Least Square (PLS), and the Sobel Test to analyze the data. Results: The findings indicate that job conflict directly influences organizational commitment, whereas work stress does not have a direct impact. However, work stress significantly affects employee motivation, which subsequently impacts organizational commitment. Motivation serves as a mediator between job stress and organizational commitment, a relationship not observed with job conflict. Conclusion: This study contributes to the literature by elucidating the complex relationships among job stress, workplace conflict, and motivation, highlighting the mediating role of motivation in the link between job stress and organizational commitment. Future research should consider longitudinal designs and a broader range of industries to enhance the generalizability of these findings.
{"title":"The Impact of Work Conflict and Work Stress on Organizational Commitment: The Mediating Role of Motivation","authors":"Ahmad Baihaqy","doi":"10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7855","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study examines the influence of job conflict, work-related stress, and employee motivation on organizational commitment, addressing their critical importance to organizational sustainability and employee commitment levels. \u0000Study Design: This is a quantitative research study. \u0000Methodology: Data were collected through surveys from a diverse sample of employees. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied using tools such as SPSS, Partial Least Square (PLS), and the Sobel Test to analyze the data. \u0000Results: The findings indicate that job conflict directly influences organizational commitment, whereas work stress does not have a direct impact. However, work stress significantly affects employee motivation, which subsequently impacts organizational commitment. Motivation serves as a mediator between job stress and organizational commitment, a relationship not observed with job conflict. \u0000Conclusion: This study contributes to the literature by elucidating the complex relationships among job stress, workplace conflict, and motivation, highlighting the mediating role of motivation in the link between job stress and organizational commitment. Future research should consider longitudinal designs and a broader range of industries to enhance the generalizability of these findings.","PeriodicalId":509507,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-13DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7854
Ms Bhumika, Sanjeev Kumar
The aim of the article is to analyze the British Forest Policy in Colonial India and its impacts comprehensively. Indian States' minimal intrusion into Forests and its inhabitants was breached by the British to the utmost exploitation of Forest Resources as well as its people. The time period of the study includes 19th and 20th century colonial India with special focus on Central India. The Study Design and Methodology used includes reading and analyzing various Primary and Secondary Sources including books, research papers, seminars, National Archives Reports, GIS mapping etc. By all the analysis, one can formulate the Results as such that the British because of their own considerations like Timber procurement and increasing land revenue, started controlling forest resources by prohibiting or banning traditional forest practices by the local people like hunting, shifting cultivation or grazing of cattle by bringing out legislations like The Indian Forest Acts. All these changes led to tempering with Forests like growing Sal, Teak and Deodar instead of local trees, clearing forests for cultivation or developing hunting as a Sport added to the Environmental, Economic and Social woes for Indians although they reaped humongous benefits for the British. The locals tried to protest in various ways but they were either crushed or placated with minimal reforms and if still not succumbed then were branded as Criminal Tribes under draconian Act of Criminal Tribes Act. Thus the colonial State tried to maintain its hegemony by using all means.
{"title":"British Forest Laws in India: Disruption of Ecological Balance, Livelihoods, Traditions and Customs","authors":"Ms Bhumika, Sanjeev Kumar","doi":"10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7854","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7854","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to analyze the British Forest Policy in Colonial India and its impacts comprehensively. Indian States' minimal intrusion into Forests and its inhabitants was breached by the British to the utmost exploitation of Forest Resources as well as its people. The time period of the study includes 19th and 20th century colonial India with special focus on Central India. The Study Design and Methodology used includes reading and analyzing various Primary and Secondary Sources including books, research papers, seminars, National Archives Reports, GIS mapping etc. By all the analysis, one can formulate the Results as such that the British because of their own considerations like Timber procurement and increasing land revenue, started controlling forest resources by prohibiting or banning traditional forest practices by the local people like hunting, shifting cultivation or grazing of cattle by bringing out legislations like The Indian Forest Acts. All these changes led to tempering with Forests like growing Sal, Teak and Deodar instead of local trees, clearing forests for cultivation or developing hunting as a Sport added to the Environmental, Economic and Social woes for Indians although they reaped humongous benefits for the British. The locals tried to protest in various ways but they were either crushed or placated with minimal reforms and if still not succumbed then were branded as Criminal Tribes under draconian Act of Criminal Tribes Act. Thus the colonial State tried to maintain its hegemony by using all means.","PeriodicalId":509507,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141652018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7853
Sunday Enebeli-Uzor
The integration of digital technologies in banking operations has become a cornerstone of economic policy to promote financial stability and foster economic growth. This study examines the interplay between digitalisation and banking industry stability and economic growth in Nigeria. Annual time series data spanning 1981 to 2022, except for the digitalisation variable (web payment) which covers a shorter period, was collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria’s Statistical Bulletin. Using the Least Squares estimator to analyse the multiple regression model, the study found that digitalisation and financial deepening negatively impact economic growth due to digital prematurity and financial shallowness. However, bank stability and bank assets positively influence economic growth. The study concludes that although digitalisation and financial deepening have the potential to enhance growth, as seen in studies for other nations, Nigeria’s digital maturity level is too low to propel economic growth effectively. Nonetheless, stability in the Nigerian banking industry and bank assets contribute positively to the country’s economic growth trajectory. The study suggests that banks should invest more in digital transformation to foster economic growth. Additionally, banks should provide more credit to private sector and integrate the unbanked population into formal banking processes to enhance financial deepening, which is a key driver of growth in both aspiring and regional peer countries of Nigeria. Finally, banks should continue to build a strong asset base, not only for regulatory purposes but also to leverage large assets for valuation benefits, collateral for loans, risk exposure diversity, competitive advantage, and growth opportunities.
{"title":"Digitalisation, Banking Stability and Nigeria's Economic Growth Trajectory","authors":"Sunday Enebeli-Uzor","doi":"10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7853","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7853","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of digital technologies in banking operations has become a cornerstone of economic policy to promote financial stability and foster economic growth. This study examines the interplay between digitalisation and banking industry stability and economic growth in Nigeria. Annual time series data spanning 1981 to 2022, except for the digitalisation variable (web payment) which covers a shorter period, was collected from the Central Bank of Nigeria’s Statistical Bulletin. Using the Least Squares estimator to analyse the multiple regression model, the study found that digitalisation and financial deepening negatively impact economic growth due to digital prematurity and financial shallowness. However, bank stability and bank assets positively influence economic growth. The study concludes that although digitalisation and financial deepening have the potential to enhance growth, as seen in studies for other nations, Nigeria’s digital maturity level is too low to propel economic growth effectively. Nonetheless, stability in the Nigerian banking industry and bank assets contribute positively to the country’s economic growth trajectory. The study suggests that banks should invest more in digital transformation to foster economic growth. Additionally, banks should provide more credit to private sector and integrate the unbanked population into formal banking processes to enhance financial deepening, which is a key driver of growth in both aspiring and regional peer countries of Nigeria. Finally, banks should continue to build a strong asset base, not only for regulatory purposes but also to leverage large assets for valuation benefits, collateral for loans, risk exposure diversity, competitive advantage, and growth opportunities.","PeriodicalId":509507,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141664036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-09DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7852
Saima Ishaque, A. Satti
The study seeks to explore for presence of dissimilar developmental paths in employment status of American individuals. The empirical longitudinal exercise is conducted with hybrid latent class growth model and latent class growth mixtures. For testing the hypothesis of heterogeneous subgroups within employment status data three mainstream modelling variants of growth modelling are tested and elaborated in terms of model performance. Progressive employment status based typology is found robust to alternative model specifications voting for presence of clustered growth patterns in experiencing employment status over time. The resulted employment status based typology describes three clusters of active, inactive and mediocre active participants in terms of moving between various stages of employment status for the age span of 18years to 35 years i.e., from adult to post adult prime working life years. The presented approach to understand and explore employment status is novel perspective compared to classic survey based employment status data.
{"title":"Exploring for the Change in Change of Employment Status Over Time","authors":"Saima Ishaque, A. Satti","doi":"10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7852","url":null,"abstract":"The study seeks to explore for presence of dissimilar developmental paths in employment status of American individuals. The empirical longitudinal exercise is conducted with hybrid latent class growth model and latent class growth mixtures. For testing the hypothesis of heterogeneous subgroups within employment status data three mainstream modelling variants of growth modelling are tested and elaborated in terms of model performance. Progressive employment status based typology is found robust to alternative model specifications voting for presence of clustered growth patterns in experiencing employment status over time. The resulted employment status based typology describes three clusters of active, inactive and mediocre active participants in terms of moving between various stages of employment status for the age span of 18years to 35 years i.e., from adult to post adult prime working life years. The presented approach to understand and explore employment status is novel perspective compared to classic survey based employment status data.","PeriodicalId":509507,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141666176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-03DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7851
Liya Teressa Alex
The rural non-farm sector is increasingly playing an essential role in the development of rural areas around the world. Specifically, as agriculture in the region's contribution to the economy declines, the rural non-farm sector will need to increasingly become a significant provider of employment and income to many rural people. However, rural non-farm employment is not a substitute for employment in agriculture but rather an additional measure. Promoting the rural non-farm sector should be undertaken within the border context of rural development. Bibliometric analysis is a rare contribution to the field of Rural Non-Farm research. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis of the publications may provide a direction for future research and a detailed topic analysis. The global literature about Rural Non-Farm published between 1990 and 2022 was scanned from the Scopus database. The keywords used to get the relevant publications are given as "Rural" AND "Non-Farm" in the search criteria "Article Title, Abstract, Keyword". A total of 1135 papers were chosen for this study to conduct bibliometric analysis. VOSviewer is used to carry out the bibliometric analysis. VOS viewer software was used to create maps based on network data of scientific publications displaying relationships among researchers, countries, and scientific journals. Author keywords are used to explore the co-occurrence of different terms connected to rural non-farm research. Results reveal close and robust interconnections between the top authors, suggesting a solid research link. "Poverty", "Agriculture" "Rural Development", and "non-farm employment" are the keywords the authors most repeatedly use. "World Development" Journal has the highest number of citations (2607) with a total link strength of 172. The United States and India have the highest number of articles in the Rural Non-Farm Sector. This study on Rural Non-Farm would help future researchers gain significant insights into the current status of existing literature and assist in conducting a qualitative literature review.
{"title":"Bibliometric Analysis on Rural Non-farm Sector: Study on Scopus Database During 1990-2022","authors":"Liya Teressa Alex","doi":"10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7851","url":null,"abstract":"The rural non-farm sector is increasingly playing an essential role in the development of rural areas around the world. Specifically, as agriculture in the region's contribution to the economy declines, the rural non-farm sector will need to increasingly become a significant provider of employment and income to many rural people. However, rural non-farm employment is not a substitute for employment in agriculture but rather an additional measure. Promoting the rural non-farm sector should be undertaken within the border context of rural development. Bibliometric analysis is a rare contribution to the field of Rural Non-Farm research. Therefore, a bibliometric analysis of the publications may provide a direction for future research and a detailed topic analysis. The global literature about Rural Non-Farm published between 1990 and 2022 was scanned from the Scopus database. The keywords used to get the relevant publications are given as \"Rural\" AND \"Non-Farm\" in the search criteria \"Article Title, Abstract, Keyword\". A total of 1135 papers were chosen for this study to conduct bibliometric analysis. VOSviewer is used to carry out the bibliometric analysis. VOS viewer software was used to create maps based on network data of scientific publications displaying relationships among researchers, countries, and scientific journals. Author keywords are used to explore the co-occurrence of different terms connected to rural non-farm research. Results reveal close and robust interconnections between the top authors, suggesting a solid research link. \"Poverty\", \"Agriculture\" \"Rural Development\", and \"non-farm employment\" are the keywords the authors most repeatedly use. \"World Development\" Journal has the highest number of citations (2607) with a total link strength of 172. The United States and India have the highest number of articles in the Rural Non-Farm Sector. This study on Rural Non-Farm would help future researchers gain significant insights into the current status of existing literature and assist in conducting a qualitative literature review.","PeriodicalId":509507,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141681657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7850
Nabil Umar Bayu Wisanggeni, Ika Yustina Rahmawati
Aims: This study examines the influence of ESG Risk Ratings and the size of corporate boards on financial results. Furthermore, It investigates the impact of gender diversity on ESG Risk Ratings, Board Size, and the subsequent impact on Financial Performance. Study Design: In this case study, CFP is variable dependent, ESG and BS is variable independent, GD is the moderating variable, while Dar, LV, GR, and SZ are control variables. Place and Duration of Study: This study employs panel data from enterprises that meet the purposive sample requirements for the period of 2020-2023. Methodology: This study employs EViews 12 statistical software to conduct various tests, including the Descriptive Statistical Test, Model Selection Test, Multicollinearity and Heteroscedasticity Test, and Panel Data Regression Test. This study used purposive sampling method for sample selection. FP evaluated by the ratio of net income to total assets (ROA), ESG obtained from Morningstar Sustainalytics, BS determined by the total number of directors who serve on it, and GD is assessed by calculating the proportion of female board members. Result: The results of this inquiry indicate that ESG does not have an impact on FP, as demonstrated by the β = 0.0031 and Prob. = 0.3189 value. A different one independent variable, BS, also has no effect on FP, as evidenced by the value of β = 0.0096 and Prob. = 0.2130. As we transition to the moderation variable, it is evident that the GD variable does not moderate the relationship between ESG and FP (β = -0.011, Prob. = 0.3555). Meanwhile, the relationship between BS and FP is weakened by GD (β = -0.058, Prob. = 0.026). Conclusion: This study conclude that financial performance doesn’t influenced by ESG risk ratings and Board size. Beside, gender diversity weakens relationship between ESG and FP. The findings of this study have significant consequences for corporations, as they shed light on the elements that influence a company's financial performance, particularly with regard to sustainability standards. Further research can include variables such as comparison female directors and others.
{"title":"The Effect of ESG Risk Ratings, Board Size and Gender Diversity on Financial Performance: Econometric Case Study Indonesia 90 Companies 2020-2023","authors":"Nabil Umar Bayu Wisanggeni, Ika Yustina Rahmawati","doi":"10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7850","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i7850","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: This study examines the influence of ESG Risk Ratings and the size of corporate boards on financial results. Furthermore, It investigates the impact of gender diversity on ESG Risk Ratings, Board Size, and the subsequent impact on Financial Performance. \u0000Study Design: In this case study, CFP is variable dependent, ESG and BS is variable independent, GD is the moderating variable, while Dar, LV, GR, and SZ are control variables. \u0000Place and Duration of Study: This study employs panel data from enterprises that meet the purposive sample requirements for the period of 2020-2023. \u0000Methodology: This study employs EViews 12 statistical software to conduct various tests, including the Descriptive Statistical Test, Model Selection Test, Multicollinearity and Heteroscedasticity Test, and Panel Data Regression Test. This study used purposive sampling method for sample selection. FP evaluated by the ratio of net income to total assets (ROA), ESG obtained from Morningstar Sustainalytics, BS determined by the total number of directors who serve on it, and GD is assessed by calculating the proportion of female board members. \u0000Result: The results of this inquiry indicate that ESG does not have an impact on FP, as demonstrated by the β = 0.0031 and Prob. = 0.3189 value. A different one independent variable, BS, also has no effect on FP, as evidenced by the value of β = 0.0096 and Prob. = 0.2130. As we transition to the moderation variable, it is evident that the GD variable does not moderate the relationship between ESG and FP (β = -0.011, Prob. = 0.3555). Meanwhile, the relationship between BS and FP is weakened by GD (β = -0.058, Prob. = 0.026). \u0000Conclusion: This study conclude that financial performance doesn’t influenced by ESG risk ratings and Board size. Beside, gender diversity weakens relationship between ESG and FP. The findings of this study have significant consequences for corporations, as they shed light on the elements that influence a company's financial performance, particularly with regard to sustainability standards. Further research can include variables such as comparison female directors and others.","PeriodicalId":509507,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141711727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-22DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i5810
Ilyasin Aditya Rahman, Sri Suharsih, Joko Waluyo
Indonesia's vast territory is a challenge to maintaining its territorial sovereignty. Conflict is difficult to predict so it is necessary to anticipate risks. According to the results of research conducted by the Fragile States Index in 2019, Indonesia is ranked in the third country in the worrying category. A need for a strategy in the event of risk of conflict or probability of war occurring so that the Indonesian economy can be properly recovered considering a conflict is an uncertainty that is difficult to predict in the future. The purpose of this study is to determine in terms of the risk of conflict in ASEAN (Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, Singapore, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Timor Leste, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam), ANZUS (Australia and New Zealand), United States of America and China which has an impact on Indonesia's economic stability. A need to make a conflict risk assessment in mitigating the occurrence of conflict in Indonesia. The analysis tool used is quantitative descriptive using Cross Tab analysis and Heat Map Risk. This study used secondary data for comparison of military and economic strength. The interesting findings in this study of Indonesia's population turned out to have a high influence on the country's vulnerability considering that Indonesia has ethnic, cultural, and religious diversity. Therefore, Indonesia needs to mitigate risks in the event of conflict so that in realizing the projection of Indonesia becoming the 5th largest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) country in the world in 2045 can be realized properly. The conclusion of this study Population, GDP, Official Exchange Rate, and Real Interest Rate against the Fragile States Index in Indonesia are included in High condition which means that serious conditions must be given immediate attention to minimize conflict.
印度尼西亚幅员辽阔，这对维护其领土主权构成了挑战。冲突难以预测，因此有必要预测风险。根据 "脆弱国家指数"（Fragile States Index）2019 年的研究结果，印尼在 "令人担忧 "类国家中排名第三。考虑到冲突是未来难以预测的不确定因素，有必要制定冲突风险或战争发生概率的战略，以便印尼经济能够适当恢复。本研究的目的是确定东盟（印度尼西亚、马来西亚、文莱达鲁萨兰国、新加坡、巴布亚新几内亚、菲律宾、东帝汶、缅甸、柬埔寨、老挝、泰国、越南）、澳新联盟（澳大利亚和新西兰）、美国和中国的冲突风险，这将对印度尼西亚的经济稳定产生影响。有必要进行冲突风险评估，以减少印尼冲突的发生。所使用的分析工具是使用交叉表分析和热图风险进行定量描述。本研究使用二手数据对军事和经济实力进行比较。考虑到印尼具有种族、文化和宗教多样性，本研究中关于印尼人口的有趣发现对该国的脆弱性具有很大影响。因此，印尼需要在发生冲突时降低风险，以实现印尼在2045年成为世界第五大国内生产总值（GDP）国的目标。本研究的结论是，印尼的人口、国内生产总值、官方汇率和实际利率与脆弱国家指数相比均处于 "高 "状态，这意味着必须立即关注严重的状况，以最大限度地减少冲突。
{"title":"Fragile State Index Assessment of Economic, Defence and Administrative Conflicts Endangering States in Indonesia: An Econometric Study","authors":"Ilyasin Aditya Rahman, Sri Suharsih, Joko Waluyo","doi":"10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i5810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i5810","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia's vast territory is a challenge to maintaining its territorial sovereignty. Conflict is difficult to predict so it is necessary to anticipate risks. According to the results of research conducted by the Fragile States Index in 2019, Indonesia is ranked in the third country in the worrying category. A need for a strategy in the event of risk of conflict or probability of war occurring so that the Indonesian economy can be properly recovered considering a conflict is an uncertainty that is difficult to predict in the future. The purpose of this study is to determine in terms of the risk of conflict in ASEAN (Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei Darussalam, Singapore, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Timor Leste, Myanmar, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam), ANZUS (Australia and New Zealand), United States of America and China which has an impact on Indonesia's economic stability. A need to make a conflict risk assessment in mitigating the occurrence of conflict in Indonesia. The analysis tool used is quantitative descriptive using Cross Tab analysis and Heat Map Risk. This study used secondary data for comparison of military and economic strength. The interesting findings in this study of Indonesia's population turned out to have a high influence on the country's vulnerability considering that Indonesia has ethnic, cultural, and religious diversity. Therefore, Indonesia needs to mitigate risks in the event of conflict so that in realizing the projection of Indonesia becoming the 5th largest Gross Domestic Product (GDP) country in the world in 2045 can be realized properly. The conclusion of this study Population, GDP, Official Exchange Rate, and Real Interest Rate against the Fragile States Index in Indonesia are included in High condition which means that serious conditions must be given immediate attention to minimize conflict.","PeriodicalId":509507,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140215427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i4809
P. Sewando
In Tanzania, agro-pastoral practices have been adapted to climate change for several years. However, the economic benefits and costs of adaptation techniques for agro-pastoralists have not been well documented. Therefore, this paper analyses the economic benefits and costs of adaptation strategies to climate change and variability. The analysis used primary data collected from 411 agro-pastoral households randomly selected from 22 villages in five districts in northern and central Tanzania. Net present value, benefit-cost ratio and internal rate of return were calculated to determine the benefit-cost analysis of adaptation strategies. The planned adaptation strategies were found to be financially viable compared to business-as-usual practices. Sensitivity analysis also showed that maize-sunflower intercropping was viable, while maize-bean intercropping was more sensitive to a 10% change in yield. In addition, drip irrigation and micro-catchment rainwater harvesting have the potential to contribute to climate risk management in these dryland areas by minimising water use and maximising output per hectare; the main challenge is the high initial capital cost. There is therefore a need for extension agents to continue to promote crop and livestock diversification among agro-pastoralists in managing climate risks to reduce their vulnerability to climate change and variability. In addition, research and development (R&D) practitioners need to promote and capacitate agro-pastoralists in drip irrigation and micro-catchment rainwater harvesting adaptation strategies.
{"title":"Climate Risk Management in Agro-Pastoral Systems of Central and Northern Tanzania: Costs and Benefits of Local Adaptation","authors":"P. Sewando","doi":"10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i4809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i4809","url":null,"abstract":"In Tanzania, agro-pastoral practices have been adapted to climate change for several years. However, the economic benefits and costs of adaptation techniques for agro-pastoralists have not been well documented. Therefore, this paper analyses the economic benefits and costs of adaptation strategies to climate change and variability. The analysis used primary data collected from 411 agro-pastoral households randomly selected from 22 villages in five districts in northern and central Tanzania. Net present value, benefit-cost ratio and internal rate of return were calculated to determine the benefit-cost analysis of adaptation strategies. The planned adaptation strategies were found to be financially viable compared to business-as-usual practices. Sensitivity analysis also showed that maize-sunflower intercropping was viable, while maize-bean intercropping was more sensitive to a 10% change in yield. In addition, drip irrigation and micro-catchment rainwater harvesting have the potential to contribute to climate risk management in these dryland areas by minimising water use and maximising output per hectare; the main challenge is the high initial capital cost. There is therefore a need for extension agents to continue to promote crop and livestock diversification among agro-pastoralists in managing climate risks to reduce their vulnerability to climate change and variability. In addition, research and development (R&D) practitioners need to promote and capacitate agro-pastoralists in drip irrigation and micro-catchment rainwater harvesting adaptation strategies.","PeriodicalId":509507,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-18DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i4808
Yayuk Indriani, Sri Handari Wahyuningsih, I. N. Qamari
This study aims to investigate the role of personality factor, locus of control, as a moderator in the relationship between work-family conflict and stress. It is hypothesized that an internal locus of control may diminish the impact of work-family conflict on job stress. The research sample consisted of 110 employees from the Ministry of Cooperative and SMEs. Primary data were collected by distributing questionnaires to selected respondents. The practical implications of this study can provide valuable insights to the leadership at the Ministry of Cooperative and SMEs regarding the impact of work-family conflict on employees' stress levels, thus offering considerations to alleviate this influence.
{"title":"Locus of Control Internal vs External: The Role in the Relationship between Work-Family Conflict and Job Stress","authors":"Yayuk Indriani, Sri Handari Wahyuningsih, I. N. Qamari","doi":"10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i4808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i4808","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to investigate the role of personality factor, locus of control, as a moderator in the relationship between work-family conflict and stress. It is hypothesized that an internal locus of control may diminish the impact of work-family conflict on job stress. The research sample consisted of 110 employees from the Ministry of Cooperative and SMEs. Primary data were collected by distributing questionnaires to selected respondents. The practical implications of this study can provide valuable insights to the leadership at the Ministry of Cooperative and SMEs regarding the impact of work-family conflict on employees' stress levels, thus offering considerations to alleviate this influence.","PeriodicalId":509507,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140233835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-16DOI: 10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i4807
Fajar Aribowo, Nur Wening
Research Purposes: The purpose of this study is to test and analyze the direct and indirect relationships between the variables of decision-making quality and business sustainability. Research Methods: The research used quantitative methods, with SEM-PLS analysis test and data collection techniques using simple random sampling survey. Research Originality: This study develops previous research, by adding morality variables as new variables in the hope that it can make an important contribution to business organizations in Indonesia. Findings: The findings of this study conclude that the quality of decision-making has a significant effect on business sustainability and the variables of morality control and environmental pressure are found to be able to control the strong relationship between the variables of decision-making quality and business sustainability. Implications: These findings remind all interested parties in the preparation of financial statements that accounting morals and ethics are essential to ensure the integrity, reliability, and transparency of financial information produced by accounting professionals that is useful for stakeholders in decision making. Limitations: In this study, the sample used was only selected based on the simple random sampling method, so the detailed criteria of the respondents used (accounting managers) were not specifically targeted at one of the industries in the Yogyakarta area.
{"title":"The Ability of Control Variables Morality and Environmental Pressure on Decision Making in Maintaining Business Sustainability","authors":"Fajar Aribowo, Nur Wening","doi":"10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i4807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i4807","url":null,"abstract":"Research Purposes: The purpose of this study is to test and analyze the direct and indirect relationships between the variables of decision-making quality and business sustainability. \u0000Research Methods: The research used quantitative methods, with SEM-PLS analysis test and data collection techniques using simple random sampling survey. \u0000Research Originality: This study develops previous research, by adding morality variables as new variables in the hope that it can make an important contribution to business organizations in Indonesia. \u0000Findings: The findings of this study conclude that the quality of decision-making has a significant effect on business sustainability and the variables of morality control and environmental pressure are found to be able to control the strong relationship between the variables of decision-making quality and business sustainability. \u0000Implications: These findings remind all interested parties in the preparation of financial statements that accounting morals and ethics are essential to ensure the integrity, reliability, and transparency of financial information produced by accounting professionals that is useful for stakeholders in decision making. \u0000Limitations: In this study, the sample used was only selected based on the simple random sampling method, so the detailed criteria of the respondents used (accounting managers) were not specifically targeted at one of the industries in the Yogyakarta area.","PeriodicalId":509507,"journal":{"name":"South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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