Pub Date : 2024-07-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2024.7.71055
Natal'ya Pavlovna Kochetkova
The subject of the study is cybersecurity, within the framework of the modern changing conditions of the information space, which is filled with such phenomena as the metaverse and the digital world. These systems create new threats and problems in the processing, transmission, preservation and confidentiality of data. Assuming that the intersection of cybersecurity, digital transformation (including the metaverse and the digital world) and phenomenological analysis is an important area of research, the paper examines aspects of building cybersecurity in the country. The merger itself is seen as a centrifugal current that cannot be stopped, but must be regulated, which suggests that the transformation of approaches to cybersecurity plays a crucial role in developing effective strategies to overcome the problems that arise in a rapidly changing digital landscape. The research methods are based on data collection, analysis and synthesis, which revealed key problems. The key method is a phenomenological analysis of the ongoing changes in the information sphere associated with the spread of the phenomena of the metaverse and the digital world, which made it possible to reflect the problems of information processing and insecurity from malicious attacks and propose a new approach to the formation of a cybersecurity system. The scientific novelty of the article lies in an integrated approach to studying the relationship of cybersecurity, the evolution of the information space and such new concepts, like the metaverse and the digital world. The transition to the latter is the next stage in the development of the information space, which can be traced in the gradual expansion of ecosystems and personal information platforms. All this suggests the need to expand the system of providing personal information, as well as data that gets into unsecured information networks. At the same time, domestic cybersecurity systems are being criticized, which indicates the need to find new solutions. One of these options may be a phenomenological approach to the study of data. The study shows how the use of phenomenological research methods allows us to take a fresh look at the capabilities of domestic developers to strengthen cybersecurity measures and adapt them to rapidly changing digital landscapes.
{"title":"Cybersecurity and the Evolution of the information space: a phenomenological analysis of the relationship with the metaverse and the digital world","authors":"Natal'ya Pavlovna Kochetkova","doi":"10.25136/2409-8728.2024.7.71055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.7.71055","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of the study is cybersecurity, within the framework of the modern changing conditions of the information space, which is filled with such phenomena as the metaverse and the digital world. These systems create new threats and problems in the processing, transmission, preservation and confidentiality of data. Assuming that the intersection of cybersecurity, digital transformation (including the metaverse and the digital world) and phenomenological analysis is an important area of research, the paper examines aspects of building cybersecurity in the country. The merger itself is seen as a centrifugal current that cannot be stopped, but must be regulated, which suggests that the transformation of approaches to cybersecurity plays a crucial role in developing effective strategies to overcome the problems that arise in a rapidly changing digital landscape. The research methods are based on data collection, analysis and synthesis, which revealed key problems. The key method is a phenomenological analysis of the ongoing changes in the information sphere associated with the spread of the phenomena of the metaverse and the digital world, which made it possible to reflect the problems of information processing and insecurity from malicious attacks and propose a new approach to the formation of a cybersecurity system. The scientific novelty of the article lies in an integrated approach to studying the relationship of cybersecurity, the evolution of the information space and such new concepts, like the metaverse and the digital world. The transition to the latter is the next stage in the development of the information space, which can be traced in the gradual expansion of ecosystems and personal information platforms. All this suggests the need to expand the system of providing personal information, as well as data that gets into unsecured information networks. At the same time, domestic cybersecurity systems are being criticized, which indicates the need to find new solutions. One of these options may be a phenomenological approach to the study of data. The study shows how the use of phenomenological research methods allows us to take a fresh look at the capabilities of domestic developers to strengthen cybersecurity measures and adapt them to rapidly changing digital landscapes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509672,"journal":{"name":"Философская мысль","volume":"29 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141716540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2024.5.70627
Natalia Vladimirovna Kornienko
The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of utopia, in particular, attention is paid to the problem of the crisis of utopian thought that arose at the end of the twentieth century and continues to the present. The author examines the features of philosophical criticism of modernity by the ideologist of the future and futurist Yuval Noah Harari. The purpose of this study is to find out whether Yuval Noah Harari is a utopian of our time, and the model of the near future proposed by Y. Harari, which represents a natural reaction of society to the global value and ideological crisis, is a modern utopia by signs. In the course of researching issues related to the crisis of utopian thought of our time, the author proceeds from the postulate that utopia is a special type of predictive reflection, a worldview built in orientation towards the probable future. The research is based on the concept of K. Manheim, according to which utopia is an attitude of consciousness oriented towards the future, as well as from the definition of utopia as an idealized social construct, fundamentally unrealizable as a whole. The scientific novelty of this study is as follows: the main concepts of understanding modern utopia are identified, the specifics of describing the realities of modernity are substantiated, characteristics relevant to the worldview of the XXI century are identified, proceeding from the categories of philosophizing of a new kind, the features of Yuval Noah Harari's criticism of the utopia of a new formation are revealed. The result of the study shows that Yuval Noah Harari is a modern utopian, and his project is considered an escapist-type utopia of modernity, based on social stratification. This utopia is escapist, because for one part of humanity it is unrealizable and is only a means of escape from reality, while for another part of it it can serve as a full-fledged project of the future, claiming to be realized. It also has such an ontological property as temporality, since it corresponds to the realities of its time in terms of content.
文章致力于分析乌托邦的现状，尤其关注二十世纪末出现并延续至今的乌托邦思想危机问题。作者研究了未来思想家和未来学家尤瓦尔-诺亚-哈拉里（Yuval Noah Harari）对现代性进行哲学批判的特点。本研究的目的在于弄清尤瓦尔-诺亚-哈拉里是否是当代的乌托邦主义者，以及尤瓦尔-诺亚-哈拉里提出的代表社会对全球价值和意识形态危机的自然反应的近未来模式是否是现代乌托邦的标志。在研究当代乌托邦思想危机相关问题的过程中，作者从以下假设出发：乌托邦是一种特殊类型的预测性反思，是一种面向可能的未来而建立的世界观。根据 K. Manheim 的概念，乌托邦是一种面向未来的意识态度，而乌托邦的定义则是一种理想化的社会建构，从根本上说整体上是无法实现的。本研究的科学新颖性如下：确定了理解现代乌托邦的主要概念，证实了描述现代性现实的具体内容，确定了与二十一世纪世界观相关的特征，从新型哲学的范畴出发，揭示了尤瓦尔-诺亚-哈拉里（Yuval Noah Harari）对新形成的乌托邦的批判特征。研究结果表明，尤瓦尔-诺亚-哈拉里是一位现代乌托邦主义者，他的计划被认为是建立在社会分层基础上的逃避现实型现代乌托邦。这种乌托邦是逃避现实的，因为对一部分人来说，它是不现实的，只是逃避现实的一种手段，而对另一部分人来说，它可以作为一个完整的未来项目，声称要实现。它还具有时间性这样一种本体论属性，因为它在内容上符合其所处时代的现实。
{"title":"Modern Utopia: Yuval Noah Harari","authors":"Natalia Vladimirovna Kornienko","doi":"10.25136/2409-8728.2024.5.70627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.5.70627","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The article is devoted to the analysis of the current state of utopia, in particular, attention is paid to the problem of the crisis of utopian thought that arose at the end of the twentieth century and continues to the present. The author examines the features of philosophical criticism of modernity by the ideologist of the future and futurist Yuval Noah Harari. The purpose of this study is to find out whether Yuval Noah Harari is a utopian of our time, and the model of the near future proposed by Y. Harari, which represents a natural reaction of society to the global value and ideological crisis, is a modern utopia by signs. In the course of researching issues related to the crisis of utopian thought of our time, the author proceeds from the postulate that utopia is a special type of predictive reflection, a worldview built in orientation towards the probable future. The research is based on the concept of K. Manheim, according to which utopia is an attitude of consciousness oriented towards the future, as well as from the definition of utopia as an idealized social construct, fundamentally unrealizable as a whole. The scientific novelty of this study is as follows: the main concepts of understanding modern utopia are identified, the specifics of describing the realities of modernity are substantiated, characteristics relevant to the worldview of the XXI century are identified, proceeding from the categories of philosophizing of a new kind, the features of Yuval Noah Harari's criticism of the utopia of a new formation are revealed. The result of the study shows that Yuval Noah Harari is a modern utopian, and his project is considered an escapist-type utopia of modernity, based on social stratification. This utopia is escapist, because for one part of humanity it is unrealizable and is only a means of escape from reality, while for another part of it it can serve as a full-fledged project of the future, claiming to be realized. It also has such an ontological property as temporality, since it corresponds to the realities of its time in terms of content.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509672,"journal":{"name":"Философская мысль","volume":"201 2‐3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141028597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2024.5.70817
Andrei Armovich Gribkov
Expansion of functional capabilities of artificial intelligence systems actualizes the question of the possibility of their autonomous activity aimed at cognition and creation of the world. A significant factor determining the properties of artificial intelligence is its subjectiveness. If the world is deterministic, its subjectiveness is not necessary to ensure the functionality of artificial intelligence. Subjectiveness, however, is necessary for the initialization of cognitive or creative activity. A reasonable question arises regarding the ability of non-subjective artificial intelligence to act as a subject of cognition. Studies show that two main forms of participation of non-subject artificial intelligence in the system of subject-object relations are possible: as part of an integrated subject of cognition, in which a human being-operator plays the leading role, or fully autonomous functioning of artificial intelligence initialized (formalized or non-formalized) by the tasks of satisfying human being's needs. The analysis of the properties of cognition by means of artificial intelligence and other cognitive systems shows that the ability to act as a subject of cognition is formed not at the formation of subjectness, but at a lower level - the level of formation of self-consciousness, available to relatively uncomplicated cognitive systems, both natural and artificial. The conclusion about the direct connection between self-consciousness and the ability to cognize follows from the definition of cognition in the logic of subject-object opposition, corresponding to the epistemological interpretation of subject-object relations. However, an alternative ontological interpretation is also possible, which identifies being and consciousness. Such an idealistic understanding of the world corresponds to the philosophy of irrationalism, in the framework of which a reliable answer to the question of the necessity of subjectiveness for solving intellectual problems cannot be obtained.
{"title":"Non-subjective artificial intelligence in the system of subject-object relations","authors":"Andrei Armovich Gribkov","doi":"10.25136/2409-8728.2024.5.70817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.5.70817","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Expansion of functional capabilities of artificial intelligence systems actualizes the question of the possibility of their autonomous activity aimed at cognition and creation of the world. A significant factor determining the properties of artificial intelligence is its subjectiveness. If the world is deterministic, its subjectiveness is not necessary to ensure the functionality of artificial intelligence. Subjectiveness, however, is necessary for the initialization of cognitive or creative activity. A reasonable question arises regarding the ability of non-subjective artificial intelligence to act as a subject of cognition. Studies show that two main forms of participation of non-subject artificial intelligence in the system of subject-object relations are possible: as part of an integrated subject of cognition, in which a human being-operator plays the leading role, or fully autonomous functioning of artificial intelligence initialized (formalized or non-formalized) by the tasks of satisfying human being's needs. The analysis of the properties of cognition by means of artificial intelligence and other cognitive systems shows that the ability to act as a subject of cognition is formed not at the formation of subjectness, but at a lower level - the level of formation of self-consciousness, available to relatively uncomplicated cognitive systems, both natural and artificial. The conclusion about the direct connection between self-consciousness and the ability to cognize follows from the definition of cognition in the logic of subject-object opposition, corresponding to the epistemological interpretation of subject-object relations. However, an alternative ontological interpretation is also possible, which identifies being and consciousness. Such an idealistic understanding of the world corresponds to the philosophy of irrationalism, in the framework of which a reliable answer to the question of the necessity of subjectiveness for solving intellectual problems cannot be obtained.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509672,"journal":{"name":"Философская мысль","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141143699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2024.4.70373
N. Ismailov
The problem of interrelation and interdependence of various human and civil rights and freedoms in the light of the concept of social justice is investigated. The problem of a fair measure of human and civil rights and freedoms is considered, it is argued that a fair measure of rights and freedoms in any sphere of human activity should initially proceed from the idea of natural human rights to life, freedom and property, but this measure should be conditioned by the concrete historical realities of a given society. The author considers social justice as a measure of freedom. In the course of researching issues related to the problem of human rights and freedoms, the author proceeds from the theoretical position that all economic, political and spiritual rights and freedoms are interrelated and mutually conditioned. The author explores the problem of human rights and freedoms and social justice using the principle of development, an axiological approach and a criterion of practice. The author explores various aspects of freedom from the point of view of the concept of social justice, in the context of the relationship between freedom and responsibility, rights and duties. The problem of various human rights and freedoms is studied by the author in the context of their interrelation and interdependence. It is argued that the basis of political and spiritual freedom is, first of all, economic freedom, but at the same time the value of spiritual and political rights and freedoms in themselves is emphasized. The author interprets the problem of human rights and freedoms and social justice as tools in reflecting the realities of the modern world and tries to identify ideas in them that can be used in modern society to solve existing problems in it. The problem requires further investigation.
{"title":"The relationship of human rights and freedoms in the context of justice","authors":"N. Ismailov","doi":"10.25136/2409-8728.2024.4.70373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.4.70373","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The problem of interrelation and interdependence of various human and civil rights and freedoms in the light of the concept of social justice is investigated. The problem of a fair measure of human and civil rights and freedoms is considered, it is argued that a fair measure of rights and freedoms in any sphere of human activity should initially proceed from the idea of natural human rights to life, freedom and property, but this measure should be conditioned by the concrete historical realities of a given society. The author considers social justice as a measure of freedom. In the course of researching issues related to the problem of human rights and freedoms, the author proceeds from the theoretical position that all economic, political and spiritual rights and freedoms are interrelated and mutually conditioned. The author explores the problem of human rights and freedoms and social justice using the principle of development, an axiological approach and a criterion of practice. The author explores various aspects of freedom from the point of view of the concept of social justice, in the context of the relationship between freedom and responsibility, rights and duties. The problem of various human rights and freedoms is studied by the author in the context of their interrelation and interdependence. It is argued that the basis of political and spiritual freedom is, first of all, economic freedom, but at the same time the value of spiritual and political rights and freedoms in themselves is emphasized. The author interprets the problem of human rights and freedoms and social justice as tools in reflecting the realities of the modern world and tries to identify ideas in them that can be used in modern society to solve existing problems in it. The problem requires further investigation.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509672,"journal":{"name":"Философская мысль","volume":"597 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140778564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2024.3.69885
Andrei Sergeevich Samarin
Understanding the subject is of constant interest in modern philosophy. Turning to the subject allows deepening the understanding of the nature of its activity, as well as the creative and transformative relationship of a person to the world. The emergence of the concept of the subject occurs in the Modern era and is associated with the development of the scientific method. Along with resolving the questions facing the epistemology of the Modern era, the subject-object relation arises as a specific way of solving the problem of intensive development of natural philosophy and mathematical disciplines. The research shows the interrelation between the method of intellectual experiment in the concept of G. Galileo and the development of understanding the subject in the Modern era, as well as its change in modern philosophy (20th-21st centuries). By examining the characteristic features and specific examples of the application of the method of intellectual experiment in the research, the degree of influence of G. Galileo on the development of science and philosophy of the Modern era is demonstrated. By using a comparative and analytical method, the interrelation of G. Galileo's intellectual experiment, understanding the subject in philosophy, and the ways of carrying out scientific activities is demonstrated. The content of the concept of the "subject" is expanded through the use of the phenomenological method, allowing to specify the boundaries of the subject's activity and the relationship between the subject and the object in the Modern era and in modern philosophy. The novelty of the research lies in the formulation of the question of the interrelation between G. Galileo's intellectual experiment and the methods of modern experimental sciences. The understanding of the subject as one of the basic categories of philosophy is clarified through the analysis of the ways of working with the subject-object relationship proposed in the philosophy of the Modern era. In particular, Galileo's way of dealing with the subject-object relationship implies taking into account the gap between the subject and the object as a special space, filling which through intellectual experiment, the researcher creates a model of experience relevant to the object of study and available for joint use with other researchers subsequently. The creation by G. Galileo of a model of experience in the process of intellectual experiment is reasoned as one of the basic methods of obtaining new knowledge in natural science disciplines in modern science.
{"title":"The experimental method of G. Galileo in the context of the formation of the concept of the subject in the philosophy of the Modern Times","authors":"Andrei Sergeevich Samarin","doi":"10.25136/2409-8728.2024.3.69885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.3.69885","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Understanding the subject is of constant interest in modern philosophy. Turning to the subject allows deepening the understanding of the nature of its activity, as well as the creative and transformative relationship of a person to the world. The emergence of the concept of the subject occurs in the Modern era and is associated with the development of the scientific method. Along with resolving the questions facing the epistemology of the Modern era, the subject-object relation arises as a specific way of solving the problem of intensive development of natural philosophy and mathematical disciplines. The research shows the interrelation between the method of intellectual experiment in the concept of G. Galileo and the development of understanding the subject in the Modern era, as well as its change in modern philosophy (20th-21st centuries). By examining the characteristic features and specific examples of the application of the method of intellectual experiment in the research, the degree of influence of G. Galileo on the development of science and philosophy of the Modern era is demonstrated. By using a comparative and analytical method, the interrelation of G. Galileo's intellectual experiment, understanding the subject in philosophy, and the ways of carrying out scientific activities is demonstrated. The content of the concept of the \"subject\" is expanded through the use of the phenomenological method, allowing to specify the boundaries of the subject's activity and the relationship between the subject and the object in the Modern era and in modern philosophy. The novelty of the research lies in the formulation of the question of the interrelation between G. Galileo's intellectual experiment and the methods of modern experimental sciences. The understanding of the subject as one of the basic categories of philosophy is clarified through the analysis of the ways of working with the subject-object relationship proposed in the philosophy of the Modern era. In particular, Galileo's way of dealing with the subject-object relationship implies taking into account the gap between the subject and the object as a special space, filling which through intellectual experiment, the researcher creates a model of experience relevant to the object of study and available for joint use with other researchers subsequently. The creation by G. Galileo of a model of experience in the process of intellectual experiment is reasoned as one of the basic methods of obtaining new knowledge in natural science disciplines in modern science.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509672,"journal":{"name":"Философская мысль","volume":"20 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140269374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2024.2.41026
Stanislav Vladimirovich Kannykin
The review of the monograph of the Finnish philosopher Tapio Koski "Phenomenology and Philosophy of Running", which has not been introduced into the sphere of domestic research of the philosophy of sports, is presented. The versatility of long-distance running" (2015). The subject of T. Koski's research is existential experiences based on the ontic contact of the body and the world. The author raises the question of how, with the help of stayer running, a person can explore and use his spiritual and physical potential, making his way to the authentic self. The ways of describing the running experience for T. Koski are the phenomenology of the body of M. Merleau-Ponty and the fundamental ontology of M. Heidegger, as well as some concepts of Eastern philosophy aimed at achieving the bodily and spiritual integrity of a person. T. Koski justifies the significance of running experiences for a person by the fact that they reveal some aspects of her being that are not presented to the "pure" consciousness that ignores bodily experience. These include "empirical cores", on the basis of which Dasein can realize its capabilities: the elimination of conflict between subject and object; pacification; full presence in the present; a sense of the power of life, "enlightenment", etc. Thanks to the running actualization, the "empirical cores" allow us to hear the "call of conscience" addressed to us and intuitively perceived, directing the individual to his own path of life. Around these "cores" other experiences are organized, channeling a person's life to authenticity and harmony with the world, on their basis the social being of the individual is carried out, which is why T. Koski considers them to have a fundamental ethical nature. The Finnish philosopher sees the significance of his research in the intensification of the study of the cultural content of running practices and the substantiation of the metaphysical components of stayer running, which can help to comprehend existentially important experiences for a "person running" and better understand the goals of his existence.
{"title":"Phenomenology and Philosophy of Stayer Running (review of Tapio Koski's monograph \"Phenomenology and Philosophy of Running. The versatility of long-distance running\")","authors":"Stanislav Vladimirovich Kannykin","doi":"10.25136/2409-8728.2024.2.41026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.2.41026","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The review of the monograph of the Finnish philosopher Tapio Koski \"Phenomenology and Philosophy of Running\", which has not been introduced into the sphere of domestic research of the philosophy of sports, is presented. The versatility of long-distance running\" (2015). The subject of T. Koski's research is existential experiences based on the ontic contact of the body and the world. The author raises the question of how, with the help of stayer running, a person can explore and use his spiritual and physical potential, making his way to the authentic self. The ways of describing the running experience for T. Koski are the phenomenology of the body of M. Merleau-Ponty and the fundamental ontology of M. Heidegger, as well as some concepts of Eastern philosophy aimed at achieving the bodily and spiritual integrity of a person. T. Koski justifies the significance of running experiences for a person by the fact that they reveal some aspects of her being that are not presented to the \"pure\" consciousness that ignores bodily experience. These include \"empirical cores\", on the basis of which Dasein can realize its capabilities: the elimination of conflict between subject and object; pacification; full presence in the present; a sense of the power of life, \"enlightenment\", etc. Thanks to the running actualization, the \"empirical cores\" allow us to hear the \"call of conscience\" addressed to us and intuitively perceived, directing the individual to his own path of life. Around these \"cores\" other experiences are organized, channeling a person's life to authenticity and harmony with the world, on their basis the social being of the individual is carried out, which is why T. Koski considers them to have a fundamental ethical nature. The Finnish philosopher sees the significance of his research in the intensification of the study of the cultural content of running practices and the substantiation of the metaphysical components of stayer running, which can help to comprehend existentially important experiences for a \"person running\" and better understand the goals of his existence.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509672,"journal":{"name":"Философская мысль","volume":"879 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140467330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2024.2.69754
Anastasiia Anatol'evna Medova
According to I. Kant, reflecting on reality, the mind inevitably comes to the idea of an entity possessing the highest perfection and absolutely necessary by its nature. The idea of God as the supreme being is considered by transcendental theology as a hypothesis of pure reason, without which its practical application is impossible. The author of the article explores why and how the concept of God plays a coordinating role in the work of speculative reason. In this regard, the structure and tasks of Kant's transcendental theology are discussed, its problematic nature as a form of cognition, the prerequisites for the emergence of the idea of God in pure reason, the possibility of proving His existence solely based on a priori concepts, the problem of excluding empirical definitions from the idea of God. The idea of God is analyzed in the light of the natural tasks of the mind formulated by Kant, as a necessary condition for the possibility of achieving them. The study is based on the analysis of Kantian texts. These are mainly the works "The only possible basis for proving the existence of God" (1763), the First and Second criticisms, manuscripts from 1778-1780 (the so-called materials for the "Critique of Pure Reason"), Lectures on Rational Theology of the winter semester of 1783/84, etc. As a result of the research, it is shown that the idea of God acts as an unprovable position, which, nevertheless, the mind must accept, since this is necessary for the completeness of its application. The author explains the organizing role of the concept of God by its a priori "genetic" connection with such categories of pure reason as reality and necessity. The concept of God is "involved" in the work of these categories and is simultaneously shaped by their application. It allows, ultimately, to think about the order and expediency of reality and satisfies the requirement of reason to be economical with respect to the number of explanatory principles. The author's special contribution to the research of the topic is to demonstrate the specifics of the transcendental approach to the stated problem. It is shown that the unprovability of the existence of God is a necessary element of transcendental theology. The very idea of the supreme essence appears in it as a limit, indicating the limit of the possibilities of the mind. In this regard, it is productive, as it allows us to idealize, model consciousness and construct a different type of rationality within the boundaries of our understanding of our own mind.
{"title":"The idea of God as a condition for the reason functionning in Kant's transcendental Theology","authors":"Anastasiia Anatol'evna Medova","doi":"10.25136/2409-8728.2024.2.69754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.2.69754","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 According to I. Kant, reflecting on reality, the mind inevitably comes to the idea of an entity possessing the highest perfection and absolutely necessary by its nature. The idea of God as the supreme being is considered by transcendental theology as a hypothesis of pure reason, without which its practical application is impossible. The author of the article explores why and how the concept of God plays a coordinating role in the work of speculative reason. In this regard, the structure and tasks of Kant's transcendental theology are discussed, its problematic nature as a form of cognition, the prerequisites for the emergence of the idea of God in pure reason, the possibility of proving His existence solely based on a priori concepts, the problem of excluding empirical definitions from the idea of God. The idea of God is analyzed in the light of the natural tasks of the mind formulated by Kant, as a necessary condition for the possibility of achieving them. The study is based on the analysis of Kantian texts. These are mainly the works \"The only possible basis for proving the existence of God\" (1763), the First and Second criticisms, manuscripts from 1778-1780 (the so-called materials for the \"Critique of Pure Reason\"), Lectures on Rational Theology of the winter semester of 1783/84, etc. As a result of the research, it is shown that the idea of God acts as an unprovable position, which, nevertheless, the mind must accept, since this is necessary for the completeness of its application. The author explains the organizing role of the concept of God by its a priori \"genetic\" connection with such categories of pure reason as reality and necessity. The concept of God is \"involved\" in the work of these categories and is simultaneously shaped by their application. It allows, ultimately, to think about the order and expediency of reality and satisfies the requirement of reason to be economical with respect to the number of explanatory principles. The author's special contribution to the research of the topic is to demonstrate the specifics of the transcendental approach to the stated problem. It is shown that the unprovability of the existence of God is a necessary element of transcendental theology. The very idea of the supreme essence appears in it as a limit, indicating the limit of the possibilities of the mind. In this regard, it is productive, as it allows us to idealize, model consciousness and construct a different type of rationality within the boundaries of our understanding of our own mind.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509672,"journal":{"name":"Философская мысль","volume":"25 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139871464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2024.2.69754
Anastasiia Anatol'evna Medova
According to I. Kant, reflecting on reality, the mind inevitably comes to the idea of an entity possessing the highest perfection and absolutely necessary by its nature. The idea of God as the supreme being is considered by transcendental theology as a hypothesis of pure reason, without which its practical application is impossible. The author of the article explores why and how the concept of God plays a coordinating role in the work of speculative reason. In this regard, the structure and tasks of Kant's transcendental theology are discussed, its problematic nature as a form of cognition, the prerequisites for the emergence of the idea of God in pure reason, the possibility of proving His existence solely based on a priori concepts, the problem of excluding empirical definitions from the idea of God. The idea of God is analyzed in the light of the natural tasks of the mind formulated by Kant, as a necessary condition for the possibility of achieving them. The study is based on the analysis of Kantian texts. These are mainly the works "The only possible basis for proving the existence of God" (1763), the First and Second criticisms, manuscripts from 1778-1780 (the so-called materials for the "Critique of Pure Reason"), Lectures on Rational Theology of the winter semester of 1783/84, etc. As a result of the research, it is shown that the idea of God acts as an unprovable position, which, nevertheless, the mind must accept, since this is necessary for the completeness of its application. The author explains the organizing role of the concept of God by its a priori "genetic" connection with such categories of pure reason as reality and necessity. The concept of God is "involved" in the work of these categories and is simultaneously shaped by their application. It allows, ultimately, to think about the order and expediency of reality and satisfies the requirement of reason to be economical with respect to the number of explanatory principles. The author's special contribution to the research of the topic is to demonstrate the specifics of the transcendental approach to the stated problem. It is shown that the unprovability of the existence of God is a necessary element of transcendental theology. The very idea of the supreme essence appears in it as a limit, indicating the limit of the possibilities of the mind. In this regard, it is productive, as it allows us to idealize, model consciousness and construct a different type of rationality within the boundaries of our understanding of our own mind.
{"title":"The idea of God as a condition for the reason functionning in Kant's transcendental Theology","authors":"Anastasiia Anatol'evna Medova","doi":"10.25136/2409-8728.2024.2.69754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.2.69754","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 According to I. Kant, reflecting on reality, the mind inevitably comes to the idea of an entity possessing the highest perfection and absolutely necessary by its nature. The idea of God as the supreme being is considered by transcendental theology as a hypothesis of pure reason, without which its practical application is impossible. The author of the article explores why and how the concept of God plays a coordinating role in the work of speculative reason. In this regard, the structure and tasks of Kant's transcendental theology are discussed, its problematic nature as a form of cognition, the prerequisites for the emergence of the idea of God in pure reason, the possibility of proving His existence solely based on a priori concepts, the problem of excluding empirical definitions from the idea of God. The idea of God is analyzed in the light of the natural tasks of the mind formulated by Kant, as a necessary condition for the possibility of achieving them. The study is based on the analysis of Kantian texts. These are mainly the works \"The only possible basis for proving the existence of God\" (1763), the First and Second criticisms, manuscripts from 1778-1780 (the so-called materials for the \"Critique of Pure Reason\"), Lectures on Rational Theology of the winter semester of 1783/84, etc. As a result of the research, it is shown that the idea of God acts as an unprovable position, which, nevertheless, the mind must accept, since this is necessary for the completeness of its application. The author explains the organizing role of the concept of God by its a priori \"genetic\" connection with such categories of pure reason as reality and necessity. The concept of God is \"involved\" in the work of these categories and is simultaneously shaped by their application. It allows, ultimately, to think about the order and expediency of reality and satisfies the requirement of reason to be economical with respect to the number of explanatory principles. The author's special contribution to the research of the topic is to demonstrate the specifics of the transcendental approach to the stated problem. It is shown that the unprovability of the existence of God is a necessary element of transcendental theology. The very idea of the supreme essence appears in it as a limit, indicating the limit of the possibilities of the mind. In this regard, it is productive, as it allows us to idealize, model consciousness and construct a different type of rationality within the boundaries of our understanding of our own mind.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509672,"journal":{"name":"Философская мысль","volume":"22 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139811688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2024.1.69505
Ekaterina Evgen'evna Zvonova
The subject of the study is the scientific and religious aspects of the anthropological determinism of the philosophical works of A.L. Chizhevsky, the object is the deterministic views of the cosmist on man. The author examines in detail the "dialectical" anthropological determinism compatible with the freedom of human will of the "Basic principle of the universe" and the roughly deterministic approach to man of the "Electronic Theory and genesis of forms". Special attention is paid to the study of the question concerning the validity of both types of deterministic views in the context of global evolutionism, as well as Christianity and Vedantist ideas about the "cosmic game" correlated with the phenomenon of cosmic consciousness. The purpose of the work is to explicate the question of the peculiarities of the correlation of scientific and religious worldviews in Russian cosmism, based on which it is possible to identify the grounds for a productive dialogue between science and religion. The following methods were used: analysis of textual sources (including manuscripts of the 1703 fund of the Archive of the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation), comparative analysis, analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction and deduction, historical method. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the identification of two varieties of anthropological determinism characterizing the philosophical works of A.L. Chizhevsky, and the study of their compliance with scientific and religious views. The main conclusions of the study are the following judgments: 1) "dialectical" anthropological determinism seems legitimate, in contrast to the roughly deterministic approach to man; 2) an assessment of the correspondence of the two mentioned varieties of anthropological determinism to scientific and religious views allows us to draw the same conclusion about their legality. A similar vision of a complex phenomenon in scientific and religious discourses indicates the presence of points of contact between them. The similarities and differences between science and religion should become the basis for solving the urgent problem of building a constructive dialogue between these forms of human culture.
{"title":"Deterministic ideas about man in the philosophical works of A.L. Chizhevsky: scientific and religious aspects","authors":"Ekaterina Evgen'evna Zvonova","doi":"10.25136/2409-8728.2024.1.69505","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.1.69505","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The subject of the study is the scientific and religious aspects of the anthropological determinism of the philosophical works of A.L. Chizhevsky, the object is the deterministic views of the cosmist on man. The author examines in detail the \"dialectical\" anthropological determinism compatible with the freedom of human will of the \"Basic principle of the universe\" and the roughly deterministic approach to man of the \"Electronic Theory and genesis of forms\". Special attention is paid to the study of the question concerning the validity of both types of deterministic views in the context of global evolutionism, as well as Christianity and Vedantist ideas about the \"cosmic game\" correlated with the phenomenon of cosmic consciousness. The purpose of the work is to explicate the question of the peculiarities of the correlation of scientific and religious worldviews in Russian cosmism, based on which it is possible to identify the grounds for a productive dialogue between science and religion. The following methods were used: analysis of textual sources (including manuscripts of the 1703 fund of the Archive of the Academy of Sciences of the Russian Federation), comparative analysis, analysis, synthesis, generalization, induction and deduction, historical method. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the identification of two varieties of anthropological determinism characterizing the philosophical works of A.L. Chizhevsky, and the study of their compliance with scientific and religious views. The main conclusions of the study are the following judgments: 1) \"dialectical\" anthropological determinism seems legitimate, in contrast to the roughly deterministic approach to man; 2) an assessment of the correspondence of the two mentioned varieties of anthropological determinism to scientific and religious views allows us to draw the same conclusion about their legality. A similar vision of a complex phenomenon in scientific and religious discourses indicates the presence of points of contact between them. The similarities and differences between science and religion should become the basis for solving the urgent problem of building a constructive dialogue between these forms of human culture.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509672,"journal":{"name":"Философская мысль","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140526994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.25136/2409-8728.2024.1.69630
Aleksandr Vladislavovich Ganin
One of the key issues of social philosophy of the XX-XXI centuries was the relationship of individual emotions to public life. The "classics" answered this question in different ways. In the opinion of the author of the article, the most interesting and influential approach is that of the German philosopher and sociologist Georg Simmel. The approach is ambivalent and creative. Starting from the need to take into account individual emotions, Simmel at the same time tried to show the specifics of an emotionally self-censoring modern society with its strict restrictions. In this article, based on general scientific methods, an analysis of significant works by Simmel is carried out. Strategies of emotional self-censorship or deterrence have been identified. First, the strategy of urban blasphemy or bluntness of emotions. It has been shown how this way of restraining emotions develops in conditions of cognitive overload in large cities. With the help of general scientific methods, the causes of such a phenomenon of public life, such as "self-defense" of the nervous system and social alienation have been identified. Secondly, the strategy of developing a sense of tact was analyzed. It is pointed out that, according to Zimmel, tact serves as the basis for communication and socialization and imposes a ban on the breakthrough of individual feelings into the sphere of communication. Thirdly, the article describes the strategy of monetary objectification of the emotional sphere, which is the most significant for Zimmel's creativity. Special attention in the study of this issue is paid to the analytical and critical understanding of the philosophical and sociological ideas of the work "Philosophy of Money". The author of the article carried out an independent translation of excerpts from the book, which allowed for a more detailed study of the relationship between money, emotions and desires. The elements of the scientific novelty of the article include the identification of the specifics of "monetary cynicism" as a special variant of the objectification of the emotional sphere.
{"title":"Georg Simmel on the manifestation and restraint of emotions","authors":"Aleksandr Vladislavovich Ganin","doi":"10.25136/2409-8728.2024.1.69630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2024.1.69630","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 One of the key issues of social philosophy of the XX-XXI centuries was the relationship of individual emotions to public life. The \"classics\" answered this question in different ways. In the opinion of the author of the article, the most interesting and influential approach is that of the German philosopher and sociologist Georg Simmel. The approach is ambivalent and creative. Starting from the need to take into account individual emotions, Simmel at the same time tried to show the specifics of an emotionally self-censoring modern society with its strict restrictions. In this article, based on general scientific methods, an analysis of significant works by Simmel is carried out. Strategies of emotional self-censorship or deterrence have been identified. First, the strategy of urban blasphemy or bluntness of emotions. It has been shown how this way of restraining emotions develops in conditions of cognitive overload in large cities. With the help of general scientific methods, the causes of such a phenomenon of public life, such as \"self-defense\" of the nervous system and social alienation have been identified. Secondly, the strategy of developing a sense of tact was analyzed. It is pointed out that, according to Zimmel, tact serves as the basis for communication and socialization and imposes a ban on the breakthrough of individual feelings into the sphere of communication. Thirdly, the article describes the strategy of monetary objectification of the emotional sphere, which is the most significant for Zimmel's creativity. Special attention in the study of this issue is paid to the analytical and critical understanding of the philosophical and sociological ideas of the work \"Philosophy of Money\". The author of the article carried out an independent translation of excerpts from the book, which allowed for a more detailed study of the relationship between money, emotions and desires. The elements of the scientific novelty of the article include the identification of the specifics of \"monetary cynicism\" as a special variant of the objectification of the emotional sphere.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509672,"journal":{"name":"Философская мысль","volume":"33 3-4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140519229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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