Pub Date : 2024-04-19DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n2.04
Alanís Cabrera, Maritza Velásquez, osé Muñoz
By-products are currently considered important foods for human consumption due to their large contribution of bioactive compounds. The objective of the study was to characterize the physicochemical, bromatological, and antioxidant properties of powdered sugarcane bagasse. To obtain sugarcane bagasse powder (PBCA), samples were collected in three artisanal sugar mills in the Junín canton, province of Manabí. The samples were labeled under the codes; M1, M2, and M3. An analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5 % significance were applied. Statistical significance was determined between the samples evaluated, the results demonstrated a variation in the physicochemical properties: pH (5.96 ± 0.01 – 7.14 ± 0.05); acidity (0.09 ± 0.00 – 0.37 ± 0.00 %); moisture (5.05 ± 0.32 – 9.80 ± 0.68 %) and ash (1.94 ± 0.00 – 4.47 ± 0.02 %), bromatological: crude fiber (13.85 ± 0.11 – 24.39%); protein (0.16 ± 0.00 – 0.86 ± 0.01 %); dry matter (88.52 ± 3.51 – 94.94 ± 0.32%) and fat (0.09 ± 0.00 – 0.13 ± 0.01%), functional and antioxidant compounds: hemicellulose (25.32 ± 0.79 %); cellulose (17.90 ± 0.05 – 26.83 ± 0.20%); lignin (0.31 ± 0.00 – 0.51 ± 0.00 %); water retention capacity (3.27 ± 0.01 – 4.93 ± 0.19 g H2O.g-1); antioxidant activity (3.70 ± 0.03 – 9.92 ± 9.12 µmol trolox equivalent.g-1) and total phenols (2.19 ± 0.00 – 13.35 ± 0.03 mg gallic acid equivalent.g-1). All samples were microbiologically acceptable. PBCA presented nutritional characteristics of importance for the formulation of products for human consumption.
{"title":"Characterization of the physicochemical, bromatological properties, and antioxidant activity of powdered sugarcane bagasse","authors":"Alanís Cabrera, Maritza Velásquez, osé Muñoz","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n2.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n2.04","url":null,"abstract":"By-products are currently considered important foods for human consumption due to their large contribution of bioactive compounds. The objective of the study was to characterize the physicochemical, bromatological, and antioxidant properties of powdered sugarcane bagasse. To obtain sugarcane bagasse powder (PBCA), samples were collected in three artisanal sugar mills in the Junín canton, province of Manabí. The samples were labeled under the codes; M1, M2, and M3. An analysis of variance and Tukey's test at 5 % significance were applied. Statistical significance was determined between the samples evaluated, the results demonstrated a variation in the physicochemical properties: pH (5.96 ± 0.01 – 7.14 ± 0.05); acidity (0.09 ± 0.00 – 0.37 ± 0.00 %); moisture (5.05 ± 0.32 – 9.80 ± 0.68 %) and ash (1.94 ± 0.00 – 4.47 ± 0.02 %), bromatological: crude fiber (13.85 ± 0.11 – 24.39%); protein (0.16 ± 0.00 – 0.86 ± 0.01 %); dry matter (88.52 ± 3.51 – 94.94 ± 0.32%) and fat (0.09 ± 0.00 – 0.13 ± 0.01%), functional and antioxidant compounds: hemicellulose (25.32 ± 0.79 %); cellulose (17.90 ± 0.05 – 26.83 ± 0.20%); lignin (0.31 ± 0.00 – 0.51 ± 0.00 %); water retention capacity (3.27 ± 0.01 – 4.93 ± 0.19 g H2O.g-1); antioxidant activity (3.70 ± 0.03 – 9.92 ± 9.12 µmol trolox equivalent.g-1) and total phenols (2.19 ± 0.00 – 13.35 ± 0.03 mg gallic acid equivalent.g-1). All samples were microbiologically acceptable. PBCA presented nutritional characteristics of importance for the formulation of products for human consumption.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140684527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n2.02
María Huamán-Murillo, Shirley Mejía, Silvia Murillo-Baca, Fortunato Ponce-Rosas, Maria Fuentes-Meza
Reducing the drying time of coffee without causing negative effects on cup quality has been the subject of several investigations. The objective was to determine the effect of three variants of a greenhouse-type solar dryer prototype on the physical, sensory and microbiological quality of coffee. The solar dryer prototype with three variants, prototype 1 (P1) greenhouse solar dryer, prototype 2 (P2) solar dryer with air extractor and prototype 3 (P3) solar dryer with air extractor and solar powered heaters, was compared to traditional drying (T0) (cement floor). Drying time, physical grain defects, yield, sensory and microbiological quality were evaluated. The best results were obtained in P3 with a drying time of 52 h (2 ¼ days), with dry parchment coffee beans without primary defects, higher yield in exportable gold coffee (83.24 %), sensory profile of 84.25 points qualified as specialty coffee (with Q Premium grade) and better safety than coffee obtained by traditional drying; demonstrating that the greenhouse type solar dryer with air extractor and solar energy heaters is a sustainable alternative to improve the efficiency of coffee drying while preserving its sensory quality, an essential value for producers to achieve better prices.
{"title":"Physical and sensory quality of coffee dried in three prototypes of greenhouse solar dryers","authors":"María Huamán-Murillo, Shirley Mejía, Silvia Murillo-Baca, Fortunato Ponce-Rosas, Maria Fuentes-Meza","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n2.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n2.02","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing the drying time of coffee without causing negative effects on cup quality has been the subject of several investigations. The objective was to determine the effect of three variants of a greenhouse-type solar dryer prototype on the physical, sensory and microbiological quality of coffee. The solar dryer prototype with three variants, prototype 1 (P1) greenhouse solar dryer, prototype 2 (P2) solar dryer with air extractor and prototype 3 (P3) solar dryer with air extractor and solar powered heaters, was compared to traditional drying (T0) (cement floor). Drying time, physical grain defects, yield, sensory and microbiological quality were evaluated. The best results were obtained in P3 with a drying time of 52 h (2 ¼ days), with dry parchment coffee beans without primary defects, higher yield in exportable gold coffee (83.24 %), sensory profile of 84.25 points qualified as specialty coffee (with Q Premium grade) and better safety than coffee obtained by traditional drying; demonstrating that the greenhouse type solar dryer with air extractor and solar energy heaters is a sustainable alternative to improve the efficiency of coffee drying while preserving its sensory quality, an essential value for producers to achieve better prices.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140721578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-17DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n2.01
Mónica López, Ana Sifuentes, Francisco Paredes, Nicolás Maldonado, Homar Gill
Lipoxygenase enzymes encoded by the Lox1, Lox2 and Lox3 genes play a crucial role in soybean grain, particularly in the development of off-flavors. Understanding molecular variation within Lox genes is essential for the improvement of soybean organoleptic traits. This study investigated the genetic variation in the internal regions of the Lox1, Lox2, and Lox3 genes in mature grain of commercially grown soybean cultivars in Mexico. Genomic DNA from a diverse panel of Mexican soybean cultivars was analyzed using resequencing techniques and in-silico analysis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) within the Lox1, Lox2, and Lox3 genes were identified and characterized. The findings indicated that Lox3 gene displayed lower genetic variability compared to Lox1 and Lox2 genes, specifically, was identified a total of 26 SNPs in the Lox1 gene, 11 SNPs in the Lox2 gene, and 5 SNPs in the Lox3 gene among the examined cultivars. A non-synonymous SNP variant of the C/C genotype located in exon 6 of the Lox2 gene was associated with a destabilizing effect on the lipoxygenase 2 enzyme in the Guayparime S-10 and Huasteca 300 cultivars. These findings provide insights into the molecular variation of lipoxygenase-associated genes in Mexican soybean cultivars.
{"title":"Molecular variation of lipoxygenase-associated genes in grain of commercial Mexican soybean cultivars","authors":"Mónica López, Ana Sifuentes, Francisco Paredes, Nicolás Maldonado, Homar Gill","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n2.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n2.01","url":null,"abstract":"Lipoxygenase enzymes encoded by the Lox1, Lox2 and Lox3 genes play a crucial role in soybean grain, particularly in the development of off-flavors. Understanding molecular variation within Lox genes is essential for the improvement of soybean organoleptic traits. This study investigated the genetic variation in the internal regions of the Lox1, Lox2, and Lox3 genes in mature grain of commercially grown soybean cultivars in Mexico. Genomic DNA from a diverse panel of Mexican soybean cultivars was analyzed using resequencing techniques and in-silico analysis. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) within the Lox1, Lox2, and Lox3 genes were identified and characterized. The findings indicated that Lox3 gene displayed lower genetic variability compared to Lox1 and Lox2 genes, specifically, was identified a total of 26 SNPs in the Lox1 gene, 11 SNPs in the Lox2 gene, and 5 SNPs in the Lox3 gene among the examined cultivars. A non-synonymous SNP variant of the C/C genotype located in exon 6 of the Lox2 gene was associated with a destabilizing effect on the lipoxygenase 2 enzyme in the Guayparime S-10 and Huasteca 300 cultivars. These findings provide insights into the molecular variation of lipoxygenase-associated genes in Mexican soybean cultivars.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140235489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-13DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.10
Saida Matallah, Fouzi Matallah
In the El-Tarf region, located in northeastern Algeria, fallow lands are frequently used as grazing grounds for sheep flocks, where they are left all day with a significant grazing load. Limited studies conducted to assess the effects of grazing have yielded varied and sometimes contradictory results, thus underscoring the need for reliable local data. The study aims to assess the impact of grazing on the floristic richness, diversity, production, and chemical composition of fallow lands in the El-Tarf region (northeast Algeria). Measurements were taken during the optimal vegetation period from March to June over a period of 2 years (2019 and 2020). The experimental design included a single factor: grazing intensity (no grazing, moderate grazing, and intense grazing). The results indicated that grazing reduced floristic richness and diversity (Maximum Diversity, Shannon and Weaver Index, Evenness Index), but it did not have an effect on coverage. The non-grazed fallow land is richer, hosting 23 herbaceous species distributed among 8 botanical families, with the most represented being Asteraceae (39 %), followed by Poaceae (26 %). The Fabaceae, on the other hand, display a more modest representation, accounting for only 13 %.Grazing also decreased significantly the biomass and total aboveground herbaceous phytomass, with improvements noted in non-grazed conditions, recording values of 3.80 t.DM.ha-1 and 1.77 t.DM.ha-1, respectively. In addition, grazing had a significant impact on chemical composition, with the highest values recorded for moderate grazing, reaching 14.7 % for total nitrogen content and 11.66 % for mineral content.
{"title":"Effect of grazing on the composition and floristic diversity during fallow at El-Tarf, Algeria","authors":"Saida Matallah, Fouzi Matallah","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.10","url":null,"abstract":"In the El-Tarf region, located in northeastern Algeria, fallow lands are frequently used as grazing grounds for sheep flocks, where they are left all day with a significant grazing load. Limited studies conducted to assess the effects of grazing have yielded varied and sometimes contradictory results, thus underscoring the need for reliable local data. The study aims to assess the impact of grazing on the floristic richness, diversity, production, and chemical composition of fallow lands in the El-Tarf region (northeast Algeria). Measurements were taken during the optimal vegetation period from March to June over a period of 2 years (2019 and 2020). The experimental design included a single factor: grazing intensity (no grazing, moderate grazing, and intense grazing). The results indicated that grazing reduced floristic richness and diversity (Maximum Diversity, Shannon and Weaver Index, Evenness Index), but it did not have an effect on coverage. The non-grazed fallow land is richer, hosting 23 herbaceous species distributed among 8 botanical families, with the most represented being Asteraceae (39 %), followed by Poaceae (26 %). The Fabaceae, on the other hand, display a more modest representation, accounting for only 13 %.Grazing also decreased significantly the biomass and total aboveground herbaceous phytomass, with improvements noted in non-grazed conditions, recording values of 3.80 t.DM.ha-1 and 1.77 t.DM.ha-1, respectively. In addition, grazing had a significant impact on chemical composition, with the highest values recorded for moderate grazing, reaching 14.7 % for total nitrogen content and 11.66 % for mineral content.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140247985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.08
C. Villanueva-González, J. Ruiz-Chután, Z. Polesný, M. Kalousová, Cristóbal Villanueva, B. Lojka
Timber production in agroforestry systems can improve environmental and economic sustainability, especially for families living in rural areas. Despite its importance in Guatemala, little is known about the potential of wood and its contribution to the sustainability of traditional agroforestry systems. This study aims to analyze the timber resources in cocoa agroforestry systems (CAFS) of different ages, evaluating variables such as floristic composition, species diversity, and the potential to obtain timber from the species present in the evaluated CAFS. Twenty temporary sampling plots of 2,500 m2 were established, and dendrometric variables were measured in all plots. Species occurrence was statistically analyzed by cross-tabulation and Pearson's Chi-square test (χ2) to determine species' frequency distribution among the evaluated CAFS ages. Eight hundred twenty-seven trees of 38 species belonging to 19 families were identified. The most represented species in the age range of the evaluated CAFS were Gliricidia sepium (35.07 %), Swietenia macrophylla (19.11 %), and Inga sapindoides (7.62 %). The total shade trees occupied a basal area of 33.29 m2, and a total volume of 352.35 m3 was recorded, of which 148.9 m3 were for commercial use. The most frequent uses of the wood were firewood (38.21 %), thin plank (30.23 %), and poles (22.85 %), while the use of thick plank was the least common (8.71 %). The CAFS in the studied area are characterized by a wide diversity of shade tree species. These results provide a solid basis for promoting sustainable practices that foster the productivity and preservation of these systems, thus contributing to the sustainability and well-being of farmers.
{"title":"Diversity and productive potential of timber trees in cocoa agroforestry systems in Alta\u0000Verapaz, Guatemala","authors":"C. Villanueva-González, J. Ruiz-Chután, Z. Polesný, M. Kalousová, Cristóbal Villanueva, B. Lojka","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.08","url":null,"abstract":"Timber production in agroforestry systems can improve environmental and economic sustainability, especially for families living in rural areas. Despite its importance in Guatemala, little is known about the potential of wood and its contribution to the sustainability of traditional agroforestry systems. This study aims to analyze the timber resources in cocoa agroforestry systems (CAFS) of different ages, evaluating variables such as floristic composition, species diversity, and the potential to obtain timber from the species present in the evaluated CAFS. Twenty temporary sampling plots of 2,500 m2 were established, and dendrometric variables were measured in all plots. Species occurrence was statistically analyzed by cross-tabulation and Pearson's Chi-square test (χ2) to determine species' frequency distribution among the evaluated CAFS ages. Eight hundred twenty-seven trees of 38 species belonging to 19 families were identified. The most represented species in the age range of the evaluated CAFS were Gliricidia sepium (35.07 %), Swietenia macrophylla (19.11 %), and Inga sapindoides (7.62 %). The total shade trees occupied a basal area of 33.29 m2, and a total volume of 352.35 m3 was recorded, of which 148.9 m3 were for commercial use. The most frequent uses of the wood were firewood (38.21 %), thin plank (30.23 %), and poles (22.85 %), while the use of thick plank was the least common (8.71 %). The CAFS in the studied area are characterized by a wide diversity of shade tree species. These results provide a solid basis for promoting sustainable practices that foster the productivity and preservation of these systems, thus contributing to the sustainability and well-being of farmers.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140424987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron.v41.n1.07
C. Párraga, Fernando Rincón-Acosta, Roy Barre-Zambrano, Jhon Vera-Cedeño, Plinio Vargas, Freddy Mendoza
El mesoendocarpio de Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae) presenta en su composición minerales esenciales, ácido ascórbico, fibra dietaría, polifenoles y acetogeninas, lo cual evidencia los beneficios nutracéuticos de este frutal. El objeto de este estudio fue determinar los compuestos bioactivos y la actividad antioxidante de frutos de A. muricata localizados en Manabí, Ecuador. Se determinó el contenido de vitamina C, fibra dietaría, minerales, polifenoles, flavonoides, actividad antioxidante y se identificó la presencia de acetogeninas. Se observó que los minerales potasio, calcio, sodio, zinc, magnesio y hierro son los componentes mayoritarios presentes en la ceniza de la pulpa de guanábana. Así mismo, se evidenció un contenido relevante de vitamina C (26,64 mg AA.100 g-1 pulpa), polifenoles totales (398,79 mg EAG.100 g-1 pulpa), flavonoides (192,20 mg EQ.100 g-1 pulpa) y alta actividad antioxidante (318,90 mmoles equivalentes de trolox.100 g-1 pulpa) en los frutos de A. muricata. Los extractos etanólicos obtenidos del fruto al aplicar la prueba de Kedde, presentaron un anillo de color rosado, lo cual es un indicador inequívoco de la presencia de acetogeninas, las cuales tienen efecto antineoplásico demostrado. El mesoendocarpio de A. muricata localizados en Manabí, Ecuador tiene un importante contenido de compuestos bioactivos: minerales esenciales (K, Ca, Zn, Mg), vitamina C, polifenoles, presencia de acetogeninas y una alta actividad antioxidante, propiedades que disminuyen el riesgo de padecer enfermedades degenerativas y el envejecimiento celular. Por lo tanto, se recomienda su consumo en la dieta diaria como fruta fresca y procesada, debido a que constituye una valiosa alternativa nutricional y terapéutica.
{"title":"Bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of Annona muricata L. fruits located in Manabí, Ecuador","authors":"C. Párraga, Fernando Rincón-Acosta, Roy Barre-Zambrano, Jhon Vera-Cedeño, Plinio Vargas, Freddy Mendoza","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron.v41.n1.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron.v41.n1.07","url":null,"abstract":"El mesoendocarpio de Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae) presenta en su composición minerales esenciales, ácido ascórbico, fibra dietaría, polifenoles y acetogeninas, lo cual evidencia los beneficios nutracéuticos de este frutal. El objeto de este estudio fue determinar los compuestos bioactivos y la actividad antioxidante de frutos de A. muricata localizados en Manabí, Ecuador. Se determinó el contenido de vitamina C, fibra dietaría, minerales, polifenoles, flavonoides, actividad antioxidante y se identificó la presencia de acetogeninas. Se observó que los minerales potasio, calcio, sodio, zinc, magnesio y hierro son los componentes mayoritarios presentes en la ceniza de la pulpa de guanábana. Así mismo, se evidenció un contenido relevante de vitamina C (26,64 mg AA.100 g-1 pulpa), polifenoles totales (398,79 mg EAG.100 g-1 pulpa), flavonoides (192,20 mg EQ.100 g-1 pulpa) y alta actividad antioxidante (318,90 mmoles equivalentes de trolox.100 g-1 pulpa) en los frutos de A. muricata. Los extractos etanólicos obtenidos del fruto al aplicar la prueba de Kedde, presentaron un anillo de color rosado, lo cual es un indicador inequívoco de la presencia de acetogeninas, las cuales tienen efecto antineoplásico demostrado. El mesoendocarpio de A. muricata localizados en Manabí, Ecuador tiene un importante contenido de compuestos bioactivos: minerales esenciales (K, Ca, Zn, Mg), vitamina C, polifenoles, presencia de acetogeninas y una alta actividad antioxidante, propiedades que disminuyen el riesgo de padecer enfermedades degenerativas y el envejecimiento celular. Por lo tanto, se recomienda su consumo en la dieta diaria como fruta fresca y procesada, debido a que constituye una valiosa alternativa nutricional y terapéutica.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140426978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-27DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.09
Gloria Cobeña, Eddie Zambrano, Favio Ruilova, Xavier Ortiz, Chang Hwan
In order to determine the effect of inorganic fertilization treatments on the productive behavior of the sweetpotato varieties "INIAP-Toquecita" and "INIAP-Buena Vista", this research was carried out during the dry season (June–December 2022) at the Estación Experimental Portoviejo del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias-INIAP, in the Colón parish, canton Portoviejo, province of Manabí, Ecuador. A randomized complete block design was used with three replications, and the following variables were analyzed: percent yield, total number of guides per plant, length of guides, mass of 100 guides, foliage yield, and number and yield of commercial roots. The inorganic fertilization treatments under study were: 1. N+P2O5+K2O+S+Mg+B; 2. N+P2O5+K2O+S+Mg+B+Zn+Mn+Fe; 3. 50 % more N+P2O5+K2O+S+Mg+B with respect to treatment 1; 4. N+P2O5+K2O; and 5. no fertilizers (control). It was evidenced that the inorganic fertilization treatments implemented on the variety "INIAP-Buena Vista" outperformed the results of the control, while treatments 1 and 2 of inorganic fertilization implemented on the variety "INIAP-Toquecita" outperformed the control. It was observed that the most favorable scenario for maximizing the yield of commercial tuberous roots in the variety "INIAP-Buena Vista" was treatment 3, which had 50 % more macro and micronutrients per hectare added to the soil with respect to treatment 1. The varieties evaluated did not show nutritional deficiencies during the production cycle (120 days).
为了确定无机肥处理对甘薯品种 "INIAP-Toquecita "和 "INIAP-Buena Vista "产量的影响，本研究于旱季（2022年6月至12月）在厄瓜多尔马纳比省波托维耶霍县科隆教区的国家农业研究学院波托维耶霍实验基地（Estación Experimental Portoviejo del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias-INIAP）进行。采用随机完全区组设计，三次重复，分析了以下变量：产量百分比、每株导叶总数、导叶长度、100 根导叶的质量、叶片产量以及商品根的数量和产量。研究中的无机肥处理有1.N+P2O5+K2O+S+Mg+B；2.N+P2O5+K2O+S+Mg+B+Zn+Mn+Fe；3.N+P2O5+K2O+S+Mg+B 比处理 1 增加 50%；4.N+P2O5+K2O；5.不施肥（对照）。结果表明，在 "INIAP-Buena Vista "品种上施用无机肥的处理效果优于对照，而在 "INIAP-Toquecita "品种上施用无机肥的处理 1 和处理 2 的效果优于对照。据观察，对 "INIAP-Buena Vista "品种最大限度地提高商品块根产量最有利的方案是处理 3，与处理 1 相比，处理 3 每公顷土壤中添加的宏量和微量营养元素多 50%。所评估的品种在生产周期（120 天）内没有出现营养缺乏症。
{"title":"Influence of inorganic fertilization on production parameters of two varieties of sweet potato","authors":"Gloria Cobeña, Eddie Zambrano, Favio Ruilova, Xavier Ortiz, Chang Hwan","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.09","url":null,"abstract":"In order to determine the effect of inorganic fertilization treatments on the productive behavior of the sweetpotato varieties \"INIAP-Toquecita\" and \"INIAP-Buena Vista\", this research was carried out during the dry season (June–December 2022) at the Estación Experimental Portoviejo del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias-INIAP, in the Colón parish, canton Portoviejo, province of Manabí, Ecuador. A randomized complete block design was used with three replications, and the following variables were analyzed: percent yield, total number of guides per plant, length of guides, mass of 100 guides, foliage yield, and number and yield of commercial roots. The inorganic fertilization treatments under study were: 1. N+P2O5+K2O+S+Mg+B; 2. N+P2O5+K2O+S+Mg+B+Zn+Mn+Fe; 3. 50 % more N+P2O5+K2O+S+Mg+B with respect to treatment 1; 4. N+P2O5+K2O; and 5. no fertilizers (control). It was evidenced that the inorganic fertilization treatments implemented on the variety \"INIAP-Buena Vista\" outperformed the results of the control, while treatments 1 and 2 of inorganic fertilization implemented on the variety \"INIAP-Toquecita\" outperformed the control. It was observed that the most favorable scenario for maximizing the yield of commercial tuberous roots in the variety \"INIAP-Buena Vista\" was treatment 3, which had 50 % more macro and micronutrients per hectare added to the soil with respect to treatment 1. The varieties evaluated did not show nutritional deficiencies during the production cycle (120 days).","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140425550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-20DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.06
V. Cuevas-Reyes, Alfredo Loaiza, Obed Gutiérrez, Germán Buendía, C. Rosales-Nieto
Drought as an effect of climate change affects the productivity and sustainability of livestock systems. The objective of this study was to analyze how technological land management for adaptation to climate change adopted by livestock farmers in southern Sinaloa, Mexico, corresponds to the typologies identified in the study area. A non-probabilistic sampling was applied, selecting 50 production units (UP) in six municipalities of Sinaloa, whose information was analyzed by cluster analysis and descriptive statistics. It were identified three livestock typologies. Cluster 1 (46 %), was defined as subsistence since its production units (PU) has few animals and showed the smallest total surface area, the producers are the oldest and use the shade in paddocks and the adjustment of stocking rates as drought mitigation practices. Cluster 2 (46 %), sowed the medium productive behavior, are younger producers whose PU showed the largest area of crops and rangeland, this group adopted stocking rate adjustment, forage conservation and species diversification as mitigation measures. Cluster 3 (8 %) showed the highest total area, livestock inventory and productivity levels; drought mitigation decisions are focused on stocking rate adjustment and forage conservation. The study identified mitigation practices related to land use from the farmers' point of view. These results can be used to conduct studies in similar environments and to scale adaptation measures for climate change from the local level and by type of farmer.
{"title":"Typology of production units and livestock technologies for adaptation to drought in Sinaloa, Mexico","authors":"V. Cuevas-Reyes, Alfredo Loaiza, Obed Gutiérrez, Germán Buendía, C. Rosales-Nieto","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.06","url":null,"abstract":"Drought as an effect of climate change affects the productivity and sustainability of livestock systems. The objective of this study was to analyze how technological land management for adaptation to climate change adopted by livestock farmers in southern Sinaloa, Mexico, corresponds to the typologies identified in the study area. A non-probabilistic sampling was applied, selecting 50 production units (UP) in six municipalities of Sinaloa, whose information was analyzed by cluster analysis and descriptive statistics. It were identified three livestock typologies. Cluster 1 (46 %), was defined as subsistence since its production units (PU) has few animals and showed the smallest total surface area, the producers are the oldest and use the shade in paddocks and the adjustment of stocking rates as drought mitigation practices. Cluster 2 (46 %), sowed the medium productive behavior, are younger producers whose PU showed the largest area of crops and rangeland, this group adopted stocking rate adjustment, forage conservation and species diversification as mitigation measures. Cluster 3 (8 %) showed the highest total area, livestock inventory and productivity levels; drought mitigation decisions are focused on stocking rate adjustment and forage conservation. The study identified mitigation practices related to land use from the farmers' point of view. These results can be used to conduct studies in similar environments and to scale adaptation measures for climate change from the local level and by type of farmer.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-18DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.05
Pedro Flores, Betsabe Leon
The excessive use of chemical fertilizers causes alterations in soil microbial activity, environmental pollution and high production costs in potato cultivation (Solanum tuberosum L.). One way to avoid this effect is with the use of beneficial microorganisms, due to their ability to capture atmospheric nitrogen, produce growth-promoting substances such as indole acetic acid and solubilize inorganic phosphorus from insoluble compounds, which in turn time improves crop yields. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the beneficial microorganisms as biofertilizers on growth and yield of potato crop. In a population of 1,600 potato plants cv. “Bicentenaria” four treatments were evaluated: Trichoderma harzianum (0.5 g.L-1), Glomus spp. (30 g.plant-1), efficient microorganisms (EM) (50 mL.L-1) and a control treatment (no application of microorganisms). A completely randomized experimental design with four repetitions per treatment was used. The effect of the treatments was evaluated using vegetative and reproductive variables. It was evident that the treatment with T. harzianum significantly favored the rest of the treatments in plant height at 90 days (43.60 cm), tuber weight (154 g) and yield (57.13 t.ha-1). The use of Glomus spp. and EM, had only a partial effect on the growth of the plants. The treatment with T. harzianum could represent an ecological agricultural alternative for potato production.
{"title":"Influence of beneficial microorganisms on the agronomic behavior of potato crop cv.\u0000“Bicentenaria”","authors":"Pedro Flores, Betsabe Leon","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.05","url":null,"abstract":"The excessive use of chemical fertilizers causes alterations in soil microbial activity, environmental pollution and high production costs in potato cultivation (Solanum tuberosum L.). One way to avoid this effect is with the use of beneficial microorganisms, due to their ability to capture atmospheric nitrogen, produce growth-promoting substances such as indole acetic acid and solubilize inorganic phosphorus from insoluble compounds, which in turn time improves crop yields. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of the beneficial microorganisms as biofertilizers on growth and yield of potato crop. In a population of 1,600 potato plants cv. “Bicentenaria” four treatments were evaluated: Trichoderma harzianum (0.5 g.L-1), Glomus spp. (30 g.plant-1), efficient microorganisms (EM) (50 mL.L-1) and a control treatment (no application of microorganisms). A completely randomized experimental design with four repetitions per treatment was used. The effect of the treatments was evaluated using vegetative and reproductive variables. It was evident that the treatment with T. harzianum significantly favored the rest of the treatments in plant height at 90 days (43.60 cm), tuber weight (154 g) and yield (57.13 t.ha-1). The use of Glomus spp. and EM, had only a partial effect on the growth of the plants. The treatment with T. harzianum could represent an ecological agricultural alternative for potato production.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139959297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron.v41.n1.04
Roberto Martínez-López, W. Pereira, A. Arrúa, Danilo Fernández, L. Centurión
The high quality of sesame seeds originating in the country has led Paraguay to be among the main exporters. Of the varieties available in Paraguayan territory, the most widespread is ‘‘Escoba Blanca’’, which, possibly due to the multiplication process, could promote changes in its allele frequency, diversity, and genetic purity. This work was carried out, aiming to determine the genetic differentiation between 50 populations/seedbeds/banks from seven Paraguayan companies collecting ‘‘Escoba Blanca’’ sesame, using microsatellite markers. These seven banks/companies/cooperatives collect and represent samples from all the producers/seedbeds located in different departments of the Eastern and Western Region (Chaco) of the country, with whom they work, market, and collect sesame. Plant tissue was obtained to extract DNA, from seedlings planted especially for the purpose, using all the included samples/accessions. Six microsatellite markers were used: GBssrsa184, GBssrsa123, GBssrsa182, GBssrsa108, GBssrsa08, and GBssrsa72. The following were calculated: number and frequency of alleles, distance/groupings, differentiation between populations, and their genetic structure. The mean number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.33 to 3.00. In the markers, GBssrsa184 and GBssrsa108, three populations presented a higher frequency of alleles. The populations examined exhibited a wide degree of genetic differentiation between them, with the identification of four groups, with greater and less purity respectively. Keywords: genetic diversity, genotype, microsatellite markers, Sesamum indicum L.
{"title":"Molecular study of the “Escoba Blanca” variety of Sesamum indicum L. used in Paraguay","authors":"Roberto Martínez-López, W. Pereira, A. Arrúa, Danilo Fernández, L. Centurión","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron.v41.n1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron.v41.n1.04","url":null,"abstract":"The high quality of sesame seeds originating in the country has led Paraguay to be among the main exporters. Of the varieties available in Paraguayan territory, the most widespread is ‘‘Escoba Blanca’’, which, possibly due to the multiplication process, could promote changes in its allele frequency, diversity, and genetic purity. This work was carried out, aiming to determine the genetic differentiation between 50 populations/seedbeds/banks from seven Paraguayan companies collecting ‘‘Escoba Blanca’’ sesame, using microsatellite markers. These seven banks/companies/cooperatives collect and represent samples from all the producers/seedbeds located in different departments of the Eastern and Western Region (Chaco) of the country, with whom they work, market, and collect sesame. Plant tissue was obtained to extract DNA, from seedlings planted especially for the purpose, using all the included samples/accessions. Six microsatellite markers were used: GBssrsa184, GBssrsa123, GBssrsa182, GBssrsa108, GBssrsa08, and GBssrsa72. The following were calculated: number and frequency of alleles, distance/groupings, differentiation between populations, and their genetic structure. The mean number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.33 to 3.00. In the markers, GBssrsa184 and GBssrsa108, three populations presented a higher frequency of alleles. The populations examined exhibited a wide degree of genetic differentiation between them, with the identification of four groups, with greater and less purity respectively.\u0000Keywords: genetic diversity, genotype, microsatellite markers, Sesamum indicum L.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139789156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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