Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron.v41.n1.04
Roberto Martínez-López, W. Pereira, A. Arrúa, Danilo Fernández, L. Centurión
The high quality of sesame seeds originating in the country has led Paraguay to be among the main exporters. Of the varieties available in Paraguayan territory, the most widespread is ‘‘Escoba Blanca’’, which, possibly due to the multiplication process, could promote changes in its allele frequency, diversity, and genetic purity. This work was carried out, aiming to determine the genetic differentiation between 50 populations/seedbeds/banks from seven Paraguayan companies collecting ‘‘Escoba Blanca’’ sesame, using microsatellite markers. These seven banks/companies/cooperatives collect and represent samples from all the producers/seedbeds located in different departments of the Eastern and Western Region (Chaco) of the country, with whom they work, market, and collect sesame. Plant tissue was obtained to extract DNA, from seedlings planted especially for the purpose, using all the included samples/accessions. Six microsatellite markers were used: GBssrsa184, GBssrsa123, GBssrsa182, GBssrsa108, GBssrsa08, and GBssrsa72. The following were calculated: number and frequency of alleles, distance/groupings, differentiation between populations, and their genetic structure. The mean number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.33 to 3.00. In the markers, GBssrsa184 and GBssrsa108, three populations presented a higher frequency of alleles. The populations examined exhibited a wide degree of genetic differentiation between them, with the identification of four groups, with greater and less purity respectively. Keywords: genetic diversity, genotype, microsatellite markers, Sesamum indicum L.
{"title":"Molecular study of the “Escoba Blanca” variety of Sesamum indicum L. used in Paraguay","authors":"Roberto Martínez-López, W. Pereira, A. Arrúa, Danilo Fernández, L. Centurión","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron.v41.n1.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron.v41.n1.04","url":null,"abstract":"The high quality of sesame seeds originating in the country has led Paraguay to be among the main exporters. Of the varieties available in Paraguayan territory, the most widespread is ‘‘Escoba Blanca’’, which, possibly due to the multiplication process, could promote changes in its allele frequency, diversity, and genetic purity. This work was carried out, aiming to determine the genetic differentiation between 50 populations/seedbeds/banks from seven Paraguayan companies collecting ‘‘Escoba Blanca’’ sesame, using microsatellite markers. These seven banks/companies/cooperatives collect and represent samples from all the producers/seedbeds located in different departments of the Eastern and Western Region (Chaco) of the country, with whom they work, market, and collect sesame. Plant tissue was obtained to extract DNA, from seedlings planted especially for the purpose, using all the included samples/accessions. Six microsatellite markers were used: GBssrsa184, GBssrsa123, GBssrsa182, GBssrsa108, GBssrsa08, and GBssrsa72. The following were calculated: number and frequency of alleles, distance/groupings, differentiation between populations, and their genetic structure. The mean number of alleles per locus ranged from 1.33 to 3.00. In the markers, GBssrsa184 and GBssrsa108, three populations presented a higher frequency of alleles. The populations examined exhibited a wide degree of genetic differentiation between them, with the identification of four groups, with greater and less purity respectively.\u0000Keywords: genetic diversity, genotype, microsatellite markers, Sesamum indicum L.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":"140 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139849163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.03
Nabila Kara, B. Yabrir, A. Laoun
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the zone, season and collecting point on the quality of milk produced in a semi-arid steppe zone of Algeria. Throughout the four seasons of the year and separated into five zones, this study was done on 334 farms and 25 collectors. It involved 1336 milk samples. The obtained results showed that the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of milk produced in semi-arid zones is influenced by the zone, season, and collecting point. The collecting point behaves similarly to the season, except for pH. They showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) for Staphylococcus aureus to a very highly significant one (p ≤ 0.001) for all other physico-chemical characteristics (acidity, density, freezing point, wetting, fat, protein and total solids) and microbiological parameters (thermo-tolerant coliforms, aerobic germs at 30°C, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella). On the other hand, the effect of the zone was variable. It is significant (p ≤ 0.05) for Listeria monocytogenes, highly significant for freezing point and wetting, and very highly significant for the other parameters, except for fat content and Salmonella which were not influenced by the zone. Among other things, pH was not affected by the collection point. This variability in milk’s quality is the result of above mentioned factors, either considered independently or in combination. The collection point highlights the mixing effect. The season acts directly through its temperature (condition of transport and storage of milk) or indirectly on the feeding of the animals and the area directly by its climate or indirectly through its plant cover.
{"title":"Factors affecting global quality of milk produced in a semi-arid Algerian steppe zone","authors":"Nabila Kara, B. Yabrir, A. Laoun","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.03","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the zone, season and collecting point on the quality of milk produced in a semi-arid steppe zone of Algeria. Throughout the four seasons of the year and separated into five zones, this study was done on 334 farms and 25 collectors. It involved 1336 milk samples. The obtained results showed that the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of milk produced in semi-arid zones is influenced by the zone, season, and collecting point. The collecting point behaves similarly to the season, except for pH. They showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) for Staphylococcus aureus to a very highly significant one (p ≤ 0.001) for all other physico-chemical characteristics (acidity, density, freezing point, wetting, fat, protein and total solids) and microbiological parameters (thermo-tolerant coliforms, aerobic germs at 30°C, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella). On the other hand, the effect of the zone was variable. It is significant (p ≤ 0.05) for Listeria monocytogenes, highly significant for freezing point and wetting, and very highly significant for the other parameters, except for fat content and Salmonella which were not influenced by the zone. Among other things, pH was not affected by the collection point. This variability in milk’s quality is the result of above mentioned factors, either considered independently or in combination. The collection point highlights the mixing effect. The season acts directly through its temperature (condition of transport and storage of milk) or indirectly on the feeding of the animals and the area directly by its climate or indirectly through its plant cover.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":"2004 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139807404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.02
Clemente Lemus, Job Bugarín, Gilberto Lemus, Javier Rodríguez, Gabriela Peña, José Loya
Some agricultural byproducts can be used as viable alternatives in animal feed. Therefore, the effect of the inclusion of avocado meal and sunflower oil on the profile of fatty acids, blood metabolites and the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism in lambs was evaluated. Three treatments were evaluated: 0 % control, 10 % avocado meal and 10 % sunflower oil for 84 days. It was found that including avocado meal in the diet increased the amount of blood glucose and also globulin, but decreased creatinine and Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase, compared to the addition of sunflower oil where the content of cholesterol, triglycerides, and VLDL decreased. and R A/G. There was no difference for muscle fat percentage. The concentration of fatty acids C20:0, C20:1 and C23:0 was lower with avocado meal, without affecting the MUFA and UFA values, the UFA/SFA ratio and the saturation index. The inclusion of avocado meal caused a change in the expression of the ACACA, FASN, SCD, FASBP3, PPARG and SREBF1 genes in the Longisimus thoracis muscle, there was a positive association between glucose and the FASBP3 gene, also of HDL with the PPARG gene, MUFA, proteins and indices of desaturation of fatty acids were associated with genes such as SCD, FASN, SREBF1 and ACACA The inclusion of avocado meal is an alternative to modify genetic expression, also to reduce very low density cholesterol values in the blood.
{"title":"Association of gene expression with blood metabolites and fatty acid profile in lambs","authors":"Clemente Lemus, Job Bugarín, Gilberto Lemus, Javier Rodríguez, Gabriela Peña, José Loya","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Some agricultural byproducts can be used as viable alternatives in animal feed. Therefore, the effect of the inclusion of avocado meal and sunflower oil on the profile of fatty acids, blood metabolites and the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism in lambs was evaluated. Three treatments were evaluated: 0 % control, 10 % avocado meal and 10 % sunflower oil for 84 days. It was found that including avocado meal in the diet increased the amount of blood glucose and also globulin, but decreased creatinine and Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase, compared to the addition of sunflower oil where the content of cholesterol, triglycerides, and VLDL decreased. and R A/G. There was no difference for muscle fat percentage. The concentration of fatty acids C20:0, C20:1 and C23:0 was lower with avocado meal, without affecting the MUFA and UFA values, the UFA/SFA ratio and the saturation index. The inclusion of avocado meal caused a change in the expression of the ACACA, FASN, SCD, FASBP3, PPARG and SREBF1 genes in the Longisimus thoracis muscle, there was a positive association between glucose and the FASBP3 gene, also of HDL with the PPARG gene, MUFA, proteins and indices of desaturation of fatty acids were associated with genes such as SCD, FASN, SREBF1 and ACACA The inclusion of avocado meal is an alternative to modify genetic expression, also to reduce very low density cholesterol values in the blood.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":"2017 32","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139806956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.03
Nabila Kara, B. Yabrir, A. Laoun
The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the zone, season and collecting point on the quality of milk produced in a semi-arid steppe zone of Algeria. Throughout the four seasons of the year and separated into five zones, this study was done on 334 farms and 25 collectors. It involved 1336 milk samples. The obtained results showed that the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of milk produced in semi-arid zones is influenced by the zone, season, and collecting point. The collecting point behaves similarly to the season, except for pH. They showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) for Staphylococcus aureus to a very highly significant one (p ≤ 0.001) for all other physico-chemical characteristics (acidity, density, freezing point, wetting, fat, protein and total solids) and microbiological parameters (thermo-tolerant coliforms, aerobic germs at 30°C, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella). On the other hand, the effect of the zone was variable. It is significant (p ≤ 0.05) for Listeria monocytogenes, highly significant for freezing point and wetting, and very highly significant for the other parameters, except for fat content and Salmonella which were not influenced by the zone. Among other things, pH was not affected by the collection point. This variability in milk’s quality is the result of above mentioned factors, either considered independently or in combination. The collection point highlights the mixing effect. The season acts directly through its temperature (condition of transport and storage of milk) or indirectly on the feeding of the animals and the area directly by its climate or indirectly through its plant cover.
{"title":"Factors affecting global quality of milk produced in a semi-arid Algerian steppe zone","authors":"Nabila Kara, B. Yabrir, A. Laoun","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.03","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of the zone, season and collecting point on the quality of milk produced in a semi-arid steppe zone of Algeria. Throughout the four seasons of the year and separated into five zones, this study was done on 334 farms and 25 collectors. It involved 1336 milk samples. The obtained results showed that the physico-chemical and microbiological quality of milk produced in semi-arid zones is influenced by the zone, season, and collecting point. The collecting point behaves similarly to the season, except for pH. They showed a highly significant effect (p ≤ 0.01) for Staphylococcus aureus to a very highly significant one (p ≤ 0.001) for all other physico-chemical characteristics (acidity, density, freezing point, wetting, fat, protein and total solids) and microbiological parameters (thermo-tolerant coliforms, aerobic germs at 30°C, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella). On the other hand, the effect of the zone was variable. It is significant (p ≤ 0.05) for Listeria monocytogenes, highly significant for freezing point and wetting, and very highly significant for the other parameters, except for fat content and Salmonella which were not influenced by the zone. Among other things, pH was not affected by the collection point. This variability in milk’s quality is the result of above mentioned factors, either considered independently or in combination. The collection point highlights the mixing effect. The season acts directly through its temperature (condition of transport and storage of milk) or indirectly on the feeding of the animals and the area directly by its climate or indirectly through its plant cover.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":"7 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139867069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-04DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.02
Clemente Lemus, Job Bugarín, Gilberto Lemus, Javier Rodríguez, Gabriela Peña, José Loya
Some agricultural byproducts can be used as viable alternatives in animal feed. Therefore, the effect of the inclusion of avocado meal and sunflower oil on the profile of fatty acids, blood metabolites and the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism in lambs was evaluated. Three treatments were evaluated: 0 % control, 10 % avocado meal and 10 % sunflower oil for 84 days. It was found that including avocado meal in the diet increased the amount of blood glucose and also globulin, but decreased creatinine and Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase, compared to the addition of sunflower oil where the content of cholesterol, triglycerides, and VLDL decreased. and R A/G. There was no difference for muscle fat percentage. The concentration of fatty acids C20:0, C20:1 and C23:0 was lower with avocado meal, without affecting the MUFA and UFA values, the UFA/SFA ratio and the saturation index. The inclusion of avocado meal caused a change in the expression of the ACACA, FASN, SCD, FASBP3, PPARG and SREBF1 genes in the Longisimus thoracis muscle, there was a positive association between glucose and the FASBP3 gene, also of HDL with the PPARG gene, MUFA, proteins and indices of desaturation of fatty acids were associated with genes such as SCD, FASN, SREBF1 and ACACA The inclusion of avocado meal is an alternative to modify genetic expression, also to reduce very low density cholesterol values in the blood.
{"title":"Association of gene expression with blood metabolites and fatty acid profile in lambs","authors":"Clemente Lemus, Job Bugarín, Gilberto Lemus, Javier Rodríguez, Gabriela Peña, José Loya","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.02","url":null,"abstract":"Some agricultural byproducts can be used as viable alternatives in animal feed. Therefore, the effect of the inclusion of avocado meal and sunflower oil on the profile of fatty acids, blood metabolites and the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism in lambs was evaluated. Three treatments were evaluated: 0 % control, 10 % avocado meal and 10 % sunflower oil for 84 days. It was found that including avocado meal in the diet increased the amount of blood glucose and also globulin, but decreased creatinine and Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase, compared to the addition of sunflower oil where the content of cholesterol, triglycerides, and VLDL decreased. and R A/G. There was no difference for muscle fat percentage. The concentration of fatty acids C20:0, C20:1 and C23:0 was lower with avocado meal, without affecting the MUFA and UFA values, the UFA/SFA ratio and the saturation index. The inclusion of avocado meal caused a change in the expression of the ACACA, FASN, SCD, FASBP3, PPARG and SREBF1 genes in the Longisimus thoracis muscle, there was a positive association between glucose and the FASBP3 gene, also of HDL with the PPARG gene, MUFA, proteins and indices of desaturation of fatty acids were associated with genes such as SCD, FASN, SREBF1 and ACACA The inclusion of avocado meal is an alternative to modify genetic expression, also to reduce very low density cholesterol values in the blood.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":"23 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139867373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.supl.06
Mariana Herrán-Aguirre, F. Guevara-Hernández, Manuel La O-Arias, Hernán Mandujano-Camacho, J. Nahed-Toral, José Aguilar-Jiménez
Cattle ranches in Mexico have demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt to changing economic, environmental, and social conditions. In a context where traditional cattle ranches were being replaced by conventional technologies, diversification has become a fundamental strategy to ensure their sustainability and resilience. The term “ranch” used to encompass various agribusiness units with different forms of ownership and management. However, today, a conventional cattle ranch is characterized by its focus on the core activity of grazing. The central objective of the article was to analyze the evolution of cattle ranches in Mexico, focusing on how diversification became a fundamental strategy to address challenges over time and adapt to changing economic, environmental, and social conditions. To achieve this, a bibliographic search and comprehensive analysis of the state of the art related to the organizational structure of cattle ranches were conducted. This process provided the necessary theoretical foundations for the conceptualization of cattle ranches based on their structure, diversity of functions, products, and activities. Ultimately, it was concluded that the evolution of cattle ranches in Mexico reflected their continuous adaptation to changing economic, environmental, and social conditions, with diversification being a key strategy to ensure the sustainability and resilience of livestock farms.
{"title":"Evolution of conventional to diversified livestock production systems in the Mexican tropics","authors":"Mariana Herrán-Aguirre, F. Guevara-Hernández, Manuel La O-Arias, Hernán Mandujano-Camacho, J. Nahed-Toral, José Aguilar-Jiménez","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.supl.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.supl.06","url":null,"abstract":"Cattle ranches in Mexico have demonstrated a remarkable ability to adapt to changing economic, environmental, and social conditions. In a context where traditional cattle ranches were being replaced by conventional technologies, diversification has become a fundamental strategy to ensure their sustainability and resilience. The term “ranch” used to encompass various agribusiness units with different forms of ownership and management. However, today, a conventional cattle ranch is characterized by its focus on the core activity of grazing. The central objective of the article was to analyze the evolution of cattle ranches in Mexico, focusing on how diversification became a fundamental strategy to address challenges over time and adapt to changing economic, environmental, and social conditions. To achieve this, a bibliographic search and comprehensive analysis of the state of the art related to the organizational structure of cattle ranches were conducted. This process provided the necessary theoretical foundations for the conceptualization of cattle ranches based on their structure, diversity of functions, products, and activities. Ultimately, it was concluded that the evolution of cattle ranches in Mexico reflected their continuous adaptation to changing economic, environmental, and social conditions, with diversification being a key strategy to ensure the sustainability and resilience of livestock farms.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":"164 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139173691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-18DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.supl.07
Nancy Hernández, Randi Guerrero-Ríos
The ecosystem approach to semi-intensive culture of Penaeus vannamei is crucial for understanding and managing water quality and planktonic communities in aquaculture systems. This study focuses on analyzing the interrelationship between structural and functional elements, using phytoplankton and zooplankton as bioindicators of water quality and trophic conditions. The objective is to provide detailed information on the dynamics of these communities in culture systems, which will improve survival, feed conversion and shrimp production. A systematic review was carried out using specific keywords in relevant scientific databases, which made it possible to collect updated and relevant information on the topic. The discussion focuses on the importance of phytoplankton as a primary producer, its influence on water quality and its role in the diet of shrimp. Recommendations for maintaining a beneficial balance of phytoplankton communities in cropping systems are detailed. Furthermore, the role of zooplankton as a crucial link in the food chain is analyzed, providing recommendations on the desirable amount of zooplankton in semi-intensive farming. Strategies to address challenges related to primary productivity and food chains in culture ponds are also discussed. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of the ecosystem approach in shrimp farming, underlining the need to understand and manage planktonic communities to achieve successful and sustainable aquaculture
{"title":"Ecosystem approach to semi-intensive cultivation of Penaeus vannamei","authors":"Nancy Hernández, Randi Guerrero-Ríos","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.supl.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.supl.07","url":null,"abstract":"The ecosystem approach to semi-intensive culture of Penaeus vannamei is crucial for understanding and managing water quality and planktonic communities in aquaculture systems. This study focuses on analyzing the interrelationship between structural and functional elements, using phytoplankton and zooplankton as bioindicators of water quality and trophic conditions. The objective is to provide detailed information on the dynamics of these communities in culture systems, which will improve survival, feed conversion and shrimp production. A systematic review was carried out using specific keywords in relevant scientific databases, which made it possible to collect updated and relevant information on the topic. The discussion focuses on the importance of phytoplankton as a primary producer, its influence on water quality and its role in the diet of shrimp. Recommendations for maintaining a beneficial balance of phytoplankton communities in cropping systems are detailed. Furthermore, the role of zooplankton as a crucial link in the food chain is analyzed, providing recommendations on the desirable amount of zooplankton in semi-intensive farming. Strategies to address challenges related to primary productivity and food chains in culture ponds are also discussed. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of the ecosystem approach in shrimp farming, underlining the need to understand and manage planktonic communities to achieve successful and sustainable aquaculture","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":"115 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139174900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-15DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.01
Olimpya Aguirre-Salado, Joel Pérez-Nieto, C. Aguirre-Salado, A. Monterroso-Rivas
Understanding the stocks of Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) and elucidating the variables influencing its spatial distribution within a small watershed are imperative for advancing targeted climate change mitigation strategies, specifically directed toward soil and water conservation. The selection of this watershed is predicated upon its three-decade-long implementation of diverse soil and water conservation practices. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze land use, vegetation cover, slope and soil and water conservation practices (SCWP) as factors that influence the variability and spatial distribution of soil organic carbon in a small basin in the Mixteca Alta region of the state of Oaxaca. Mexico. Soil samples (77) were collected to determine SOC storage. These samples were interpolated using the QGIS Smart-Map plugin to obtain a spatial COS predictive model. Thematic maps were generated for each factor. Areal statistics, Pearson’s correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed to explain COS variability. The results in the variability of SOC with respect to vegetation cover and land use, showed adult pine plantations with the highest value of SOC with 36.8 t.ha-1, followed by seasonal agriculture with 28.8 t.ha-1. The most effective management practice for storing COS was the stone terrace with 35.0 t.ha-1. Our results indicate that vegetation cover and land use complemented by soil and water conservation practices are the main drivers of SOC storage in small watersheds.
了解土壤有机碳（SOC）的存量并阐明影响其在小流域内空间分布的变量，对于推进有针对性的气候变化减缓战略（特别是针对水土保持的战略）至关重要。之所以选择该流域，是因为该流域在长达三十年的时间里实施了多种水土保持措施。因此，本研究的目的是分析土地利用、植被覆盖、坡度和水土保持措施（SCWP）对瓦哈卡州 Mixteca Alta 地区一个小流域土壤有机碳的变化和空间分布的影响因素。墨西哥。收集了土壤样本（77 份）以确定 SOC 的储存量。使用 QGIS 智能地图插件对这些样本进行插值，以获得空间 COS 预测模型。为每个因子生成了专题地图。进行了区域统计、皮尔逊相关性和主成分分析（PCA），以解释 COS 变异性。SOC 随植被覆盖和土地利用而变化的结果显示，成松种植园的 SOC 值最高，为 36.8 吨/公顷，其次是季节性农业，为 28.8 吨/公顷。储存 COS 的最有效管理方法是石梯田，为 35.0 吨/公顷。我们的研究结果表明，植被覆盖和土地利用以及水土保持措施是小流域储存 SOC 的主要驱动力。
{"title":"Factors regarding the spatial variability of soil organic carbon in a Mexican small watershed","authors":"Olimpya Aguirre-Salado, Joel Pérez-Nieto, C. Aguirre-Salado, A. Monterroso-Rivas","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v41.n1.01","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the stocks of Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) and elucidating the variables influencing its spatial distribution within a small watershed are imperative for advancing targeted climate change mitigation strategies, specifically directed toward soil and water conservation. The selection of this watershed is predicated upon its three-decade-long implementation of diverse soil and water conservation practices. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze land use, vegetation cover, slope and soil and water conservation practices (SCWP) as factors that influence the variability and spatial distribution of soil organic carbon in a small basin in the Mixteca Alta region of the state of Oaxaca. Mexico. Soil samples (77) were collected to determine SOC storage. These samples were interpolated using the QGIS Smart-Map plugin to obtain a spatial COS predictive model. Thematic maps were generated for each factor. Areal statistics, Pearson’s correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were performed to explain COS variability. The results in the variability of SOC with respect to vegetation cover and land use, showed adult pine plantations with the highest value of SOC with 36.8 t.ha-1, followed by seasonal agriculture with 28.8 t.ha-1. The most effective management practice for storing COS was the stone terrace with 35.0 t.ha-1. Our results indicate that vegetation cover and land use complemented by soil and water conservation practices are the main drivers of SOC storage in small watersheds.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139178596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-11DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.supl.05
Juan Vergara-López
Climate change limits the release of radiation from the earth's atmosphere, a product of the accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHG) such as CO2, methane, ammonia, among others. Ruminants contribute methane to the atmosphere when fed with low quality forage diets, which in the light of different conservationist organizations, qualifies them as major pollutants. When Venezuela signed the Kyoto Protocol in 2004, it undertook to establish a GHG measurement system, as well as scientific research on the subject; however, there are still no research groups in the country dedicated to the permanent measurement of GHG contributions from these production systems. Grazing pastures and forages of medium to low quality, with high contents of cell wall of low degradability, produce a positive balance towards the generation of methane of enteric origin, which could be mitigated if these feeding schemes are improved, tending to improve the digestibility of basic diets. Methane production by these production systems in the state of Zulia is calculated at 209 Gg, 7.1 % of the total inventoried at the national level; however, the lack of research in this area, as well as of systematic inventories of local herds, prevents obtaining accurate data in this regard.
{"title":"Ruminant grazing feeding and methane production","authors":"Juan Vergara-López","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.supl.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.supl.05","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change limits the release of radiation from the earth's atmosphere, a product of the accumulation of greenhouse gases (GHG) such as CO2, methane, ammonia, among others. Ruminants contribute methane to the atmosphere when fed with low quality forage diets, which in the light of different conservationist organizations, qualifies them as major pollutants. When Venezuela signed the Kyoto Protocol in 2004, it undertook to establish a GHG measurement system, as well as scientific research on the subject; however, there are still no research groups in the country dedicated to the permanent measurement of GHG contributions from these production systems. Grazing pastures and forages of medium to low quality, with high contents of cell wall of low degradability, produce a positive balance towards the generation of methane of enteric origin, which could be mitigated if these feeding schemes are improved, tending to improve the digestibility of basic diets. Methane production by these production systems in the state of Zulia is calculated at 209 Gg, 7.1 % of the total inventoried at the national level; however, the lack of research in this area, as well as of systematic inventories of local herds, prevents obtaining accurate data in this regard.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139183398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-29DOI: 10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n4.04
Román Montaña, Á. Roco-Videla, N. Maureira-Carsalade, Ana Nieves, Sergio Flores
The objective of this study was based on the application of the response surface methodology (RSM) for yield optimization in maize (Zea mays L.). The hybrid INIA SQ-1 was used, and the Response Surface Methodology was used using the Box-Behnken design (DBB), with which the following factors were evaluated: plant density, nitrogen (N) dose and phosphorus (P) dose at three levels each; for the optimization of the response variables: “yield” (kg.ha-1) and the “number of grains per square meter” (g.m2). The response surface method provided a statistically validated predictive model, which through adjustments was adapted to an established optimization process. For the variable “yield”, a maximum response was found with the application of 150 Kg.ha-1 of N and 90 kg.ha-1 of P. In relation to the number of grains per square meter (g.m2), the optimum was obtained using 75,000 plants.ha-1 and an applied dose of 150 kg.ha-1.
{"title":"Application of the response surface methodology for yield optimization in maize (Zea mays L.)","authors":"Román Montaña, Á. Roco-Videla, N. Maureira-Carsalade, Ana Nieves, Sergio Flores","doi":"10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n4.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v40.n4.04","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was based on the application of the response surface methodology (RSM) for yield optimization in maize (Zea mays L.). The hybrid INIA SQ-1 was used, and the Response Surface Methodology was used using the Box-Behnken design (DBB), with which the following factors were evaluated: plant density, nitrogen (N) dose and phosphorus (P) dose at three levels each; for the optimization of the response variables: “yield” (kg.ha-1) and the “number of grains per square meter” (g.m2). The response surface method provided a statistically validated predictive model, which through adjustments was adapted to an established optimization process. For the variable “yield”, a maximum response was found with the application of 150 Kg.ha-1 of N and 90 kg.ha-1 of P. In relation to the number of grains per square meter (g.m2), the optimum was obtained using 75,000 plants.ha-1 and an applied dose of 150 kg.ha-1.","PeriodicalId":509934,"journal":{"name":"Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139213480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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