Introduction Homesickness is a result of migration, and is related to adjustment difficulties and health problems, as well as clinical disorders. The aim of this study was to measure and explore the homesickness of Chinese elderly. Methods A total of 355 non-local Chinese elderly in Shenzhen were recruited to measure demographic information and homesickness. and tested for reliability and validity. Patterns and influences of homesickness among Chinese elderly were explored through latent profile analysis and One-way ANOVA on the basis of EHQ. Results A three-factor structure was verified in the 19-item elderly homesickness questionnaire (EHQ), namely “positive contact”, “refusal to separate” and “homesickness behavior”. The EHQ reports high validity and reliability. Chinese elderly had a high degree of homesickness, and homesickness among Chinese elderly varied significantly across variables such as age, occupation, and education level. Four homesickness patterns were found in Chinese elderly, named low homesick group, moderate homesick group, middle-high homesick group, and high homesick group. Coming from rural/urban areas and living with grandchildren are factors that affect classification. Conclusion The present study reveals the high validity and reliability of the EHQ among Chinese elderly. The Chinese elderly reported high levels of homesickness, which varied significantly across levels of demographic factors. Four patterns of homesickness were found among the Chinese elderly, coming from rural/urban areas and living with grandchildren are the factors that affect classification. There may be a masking of the male contribution to the main effect due to the larger female sample.
{"title":"Elderly’s Homesickness: Development of Elderly Homesickness Questionnaire","authors":"Zeming Deng, Yuehong Qiu, Xueer Xiao, Can Jiao","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S451960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S451960","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction Homesickness is a result of migration, and is related to adjustment difficulties and health problems, as well as clinical disorders. The aim of this study was to measure and explore the homesickness of Chinese elderly. Methods A total of 355 non-local Chinese elderly in Shenzhen were recruited to measure demographic information and homesickness. and tested for reliability and validity. Patterns and influences of homesickness among Chinese elderly were explored through latent profile analysis and One-way ANOVA on the basis of EHQ. Results A three-factor structure was verified in the 19-item elderly homesickness questionnaire (EHQ), namely “positive contact”, “refusal to separate” and “homesickness behavior”. The EHQ reports high validity and reliability. Chinese elderly had a high degree of homesickness, and homesickness among Chinese elderly varied significantly across variables such as age, occupation, and education level. Four homesickness patterns were found in Chinese elderly, named low homesick group, moderate homesick group, middle-high homesick group, and high homesick group. Coming from rural/urban areas and living with grandchildren are factors that affect classification. Conclusion The present study reveals the high validity and reliability of the EHQ among Chinese elderly. The Chinese elderly reported high levels of homesickness, which varied significantly across levels of demographic factors. Four patterns of homesickness were found among the Chinese elderly, coming from rural/urban areas and living with grandchildren are the factors that affect classification. There may be a masking of the male contribution to the main effect due to the larger female sample.","PeriodicalId":509992,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"64 ","pages":"1533 - 1549"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140789575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with various aspects of morality, but their precise impact on moral decision-making remains unclear. This study aims to explore how ACEs influence moral decision-making in sacrificial dilemmas. Methods: Study 1 employed traditional dilemma analysis to quantify utilitarian responses and compare them among groups with no, low, and high ACEs. Study 2 utilized the CNI model to quantify three determinants of moral decision-making: sensitivity to consequences (C parameter), sensitivity to norms (N parameter), and general action tendencies (I parameter). Differences in these parameters among groups with no, low, and high ACEs were investigated. Results: Both Study 1 and Study 2 revealed that the high-ACE and low-ACE groups showed significantly higher utilitarian responses compared to the no-ACE group. However, no notable differences emerged between the high-ACE and low-ACE groups. Study 2 found that the N parameter was significantly lower in the high-ACE group compared to the low and no-ACE groups. Similarly, the low-ACE group exhibited significantly lower scores in the N parameter compared to the no-ACE group. Additionally, no significant differences were observed in the C and I parameters among groups with no, low, and high ACEs. Conclusion: These findings suggest that individuals with a high number of ACEs tend to exhibit more utilitarian responses, attributed to decreased affective response to the violation of moral rules, rather than increased deliberative cost-benefit reasoning or a general preference for action. Such insights deepen our understanding of the precise aspects of moral decision-making influenced by ACEs.
{"title":"Do Adverse Childhood Experiences Make Us More Utilitarian in Moral Dilemmas?","authors":"Zhihui Wu, Junyao Song, Xiyou Chen, Daoqun Ding, Xiangyi Zhang","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s455057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s455057","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been associated with various aspects of morality, but their precise impact on moral decision-making remains unclear. This study aims to explore how ACEs influence moral decision-making in sacrificial dilemmas. Methods: Study 1 employed traditional dilemma analysis to quantify utilitarian responses and compare them among groups with no, low, and high ACEs. Study 2 utilized the CNI model to quantify three determinants of moral decision-making: sensitivity to consequences (C parameter), sensitivity to norms (N parameter), and general action tendencies (I parameter). Differences in these parameters among groups with no, low, and high ACEs were investigated. Results: Both Study 1 and Study 2 revealed that the high-ACE and low-ACE groups showed significantly higher utilitarian responses compared to the no-ACE group. However, no notable differences emerged between the high-ACE and low-ACE groups. Study 2 found that the N parameter was significantly lower in the high-ACE group compared to the low and no-ACE groups. Similarly, the low-ACE group exhibited significantly lower scores in the N parameter compared to the no-ACE group. Additionally, no significant differences were observed in the C and I parameters among groups with no, low, and high ACEs. Conclusion: These findings suggest that individuals with a high number of ACEs tend to exhibit more utilitarian responses, attributed to decreased affective response to the violation of moral rules, rather than increased deliberative cost-benefit reasoning or a general preference for action. Such insights deepen our understanding of the precise aspects of moral decision-making influenced by ACEs.","PeriodicalId":509992,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"50 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140766596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose In schizophrenia, aggressive conduct is frequent. And depressed mood can also contribute to the occurrence of aggressive behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for the occurrence of aggression in stable schizophrenia patients in rural China, mainly to investigate the role of depressed mood in the occurrence of aggression in schizophrenia patients. Patients and Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the townships surrounding Chaohu City, Anhui Province, China. Patients’ depressive mood was evaluated using the PHQ-9 (The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire). Patients’ aggressiveness was evaluated using the Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS). A score of ≥4 was used as a threshold and divided into aggressive and non-aggressive groups. Results This study comprised a total of 821 schizophrenia patients. Among them, the prevalence of having aggressive behavior was 18.8%. After correcting for confounders, logistic regression analysis showed that low education level (OR=0.470, 95% CI 0.254–0.870; p=0.016), living with family (OR=0.383, 95% CI 0.174–0.845; p=0.017) depressed mood (OR=1.147, 95% CI 1.112–1.184; p<0.001) was significantly associated with the risk of aggressive behavior in patients with schizophrenia. Multivariate linear regression indicated that higher levels of aggression were linked with lower levels of education and higher depressive mood. Conclusion This study suggests that aggression is more common in patients with stable schizophrenia, and lower levels of education and higher levels of depression are associated risk factors for its occurrence. Living alone may be helpful in reducing the likelihood of aggression.
目的 精神分裂症患者经常会有攻击行为。而抑郁情绪也会导致攻击行为的发生。本研究旨在探讨中国农村稳定期精神分裂症患者攻击行为发生的危险因素，主要研究抑郁情绪在精神分裂症患者攻击行为发生中的作用。患者和方法 这是一项在中国安徽省巢湖市周边乡镇进行的横断面研究。使用 PHQ-9（9 项患者健康问卷）评估患者的抑郁情绪。患者的攻击性采用改良攻击性量表（MOAS）进行评估。以得分≥4分为临界值，分为攻击性组和非攻击性组。结果 本研究共纳入 821 名精神分裂症患者。其中，攻击性行为的发生率为 18.8%。校正混杂因素后，逻辑回归分析表明，低教育程度（OR=0.470，95% CI 0.254-0.870; p=0.016）、与家人同住（OR=0.383，95% CI 0.174-0.845; p=0.017）、抑郁情绪（OR=1.147，95% CI 1.112-1.184; p<0.001）与精神分裂症患者出现攻击行为的风险显著相关。多变量线性回归表明，较高的攻击行为水平与较低的教育水平和较高的抑郁情绪有关。结论 本研究表明，攻击行为在病情稳定的精神分裂症患者中更为常见，而较低的教育水平和较高的抑郁情绪是发生攻击行为的相关风险因素。独居可能有助于降低攻击行为发生的可能性。
{"title":"An Exploration of Depression and Aggression Among Patients with Schizophrenia in China Rural Community","authors":"Shaofei Zhang, Ouyang Xu, Kefei Yang, Yunyun Shen, Siyuan Zheng, Ruoqi Wang, Xuanlian Sheng, Meng-Hua Ge, Meng Yang, Xiaoqin Zhou","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S453891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S453891","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose In schizophrenia, aggressive conduct is frequent. And depressed mood can also contribute to the occurrence of aggressive behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for the occurrence of aggression in stable schizophrenia patients in rural China, mainly to investigate the role of depressed mood in the occurrence of aggression in schizophrenia patients. Patients and Methods This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the townships surrounding Chaohu City, Anhui Province, China. Patients’ depressive mood was evaluated using the PHQ-9 (The 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire). Patients’ aggressiveness was evaluated using the Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS). A score of ≥4 was used as a threshold and divided into aggressive and non-aggressive groups. Results This study comprised a total of 821 schizophrenia patients. Among them, the prevalence of having aggressive behavior was 18.8%. After correcting for confounders, logistic regression analysis showed that low education level (OR=0.470, 95% CI 0.254–0.870; p=0.016), living with family (OR=0.383, 95% CI 0.174–0.845; p=0.017) depressed mood (OR=1.147, 95% CI 1.112–1.184; p<0.001) was significantly associated with the risk of aggressive behavior in patients with schizophrenia. Multivariate linear regression indicated that higher levels of aggression were linked with lower levels of education and higher depressive mood. Conclusion This study suggests that aggression is more common in patients with stable schizophrenia, and lower levels of education and higher levels of depression are associated risk factors for its occurrence. Living alone may be helpful in reducing the likelihood of aggression.","PeriodicalId":509992,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"94 3","pages":"1717 - 1726"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140793088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Diabetes Distress Among Patients Undergoing Surgery for Diabetic Retinopathy and Associated Factors: A Cross-Sectional Survey [Letter]","authors":"Song Wang, Jing Song, Xiaolian Jiang","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s474111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s474111","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509992,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"161 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140758477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose We aim to explore the relationship between overparenting and social avoidance among emerging adults, and the mediating effects of peer attachment and gender differences. Participants and Methods A total of 1161 Chinese college students completed the questionnaire. The structural equation model was established to validate the main effect model and the mediation model. Results The results found that both paternal and maternal overparenting positively predicted social avoidance among emerging adults. Both attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety played a significant mediating role in the relationship between paternal overparenting and social avoidance. Attachment anxiety played a significant mediating role in the relationship between maternal overparenting and social avoidance, while, the mediating effect of attachment avoidance was not significant. In addition, gender differences were found in the mediating effects of peer attachment. The mediating effect of attachment anxiety in males’ families had an opposite-gender matching effect, while in females’ families, the mediating effect of attachment avoidance had an opposite-gender matching effect. Conclusion This study contributes to the understanding of the effects of overparenting on emerging adults, enriching empirical research in related fields.
{"title":"The Relationship Between Overparenting and Social Avoidance Among Emerging Adults: Mediating Role of Peer Attachment and Gender Differences","authors":"Yifu Chen, Yu Xia, Menghao Ren, Wei Zheng, Xiao Wang, Feng Gao","doi":"10.2147/PRBM.S373292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S373292","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose We aim to explore the relationship between overparenting and social avoidance among emerging adults, and the mediating effects of peer attachment and gender differences. Participants and Methods A total of 1161 Chinese college students completed the questionnaire. The structural equation model was established to validate the main effect model and the mediation model. Results The results found that both paternal and maternal overparenting positively predicted social avoidance among emerging adults. Both attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety played a significant mediating role in the relationship between paternal overparenting and social avoidance. Attachment anxiety played a significant mediating role in the relationship between maternal overparenting and social avoidance, while, the mediating effect of attachment avoidance was not significant. In addition, gender differences were found in the mediating effects of peer attachment. The mediating effect of attachment anxiety in males’ families had an opposite-gender matching effect, while in females’ families, the mediating effect of attachment avoidance had an opposite-gender matching effect. Conclusion This study contributes to the understanding of the effects of overparenting on emerging adults, enriching empirical research in related fields.","PeriodicalId":509992,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"52 ","pages":"1499 - 1514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140790399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impact of Social Media on Users’ Self-Efficacy and Loneliness: An Analysis of the Mediating Mechanism of Social Support","authors":"Wei Jia, Lei Liu, Gang Peng","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s449079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s449079","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509992,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139825056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diego José Montero-Tejero, Nerea Jiménez-Picón, Juan Gómez-Salgado, Elena Vidal-Tejero, Javier Fagundo-Rivera
{"title":"Factors Influencing Occupational Stress Perceived by Emergency Nurses During Prehospital Care: A Systematic Review","authors":"Diego José Montero-Tejero, Nerea Jiménez-Picón, Juan Gómez-Salgado, Elena Vidal-Tejero, Javier Fagundo-Rivera","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s455224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s455224","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509992,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"7 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139885985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Misprediction of Helpers in Comforting Situations and Its Mechanism","authors":"Ruochen Wang, Li Li, Jiqiang He","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s442519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s442519","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509992,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"49 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139686385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Double-Edged Sword Effect of Illegitimate Tasks on Employee Creativity: Positive and Negative Coping Perspectives","authors":"Xinwen He, Yunjian Zheng, Ye Wei","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s444960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s444960","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509992,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139888596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Double-Edged Sword Effect of Illegitimate Tasks on Employee Creativity: Positive and Negative Coping Perspectives","authors":"Xinwen He, Yunjian Zheng, Ye Wei","doi":"10.2147/prbm.s444960","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2147/prbm.s444960","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":509992,"journal":{"name":"Psychology Research and Behavior Management","volume":"119 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139828370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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