This research paper investigates women’s role and participation in decision-making in development committees in Nepal and their representation in different development committees and situation of their participation. The study found that females are more likely to be involved in development committees than males. However, their representation of leadership positions is still low due to social and cultural barriers. Female views are not always considered equally in meetings due to their lower position in committees and gender. So, this paper highlights the need for gender, caste, and class-sensitive policies and programs that promote women's active participation in development program’s decision-making process and address socio-cultural barriers to women’s role in leadership in their communities.
{"title":"Breaking Barriers: Empowering Women’s Decision-Making in Nepal’s Development Programs","authors":"Lila Prasad Limbu, P. Shrestha","doi":"10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60768","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60768","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper investigates women’s role and participation in decision-making in development committees in Nepal and their representation in different development committees and situation of their participation. The study found that females are more likely to be involved in development committees than males. However, their representation of leadership positions is still low due to social and cultural barriers. Female views are not always considered equally in meetings due to their lower position in committees and gender. So, this paper highlights the need for gender, caste, and class-sensitive policies and programs that promote women's active participation in development program’s decision-making process and address socio-cultural barriers to women’s role in leadership in their communities.","PeriodicalId":510562,"journal":{"name":"Tribhuvan University Journal","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article has been carried out to identify the reflection of M. Ed. completion students toward the chemistry education curriculum. The main objective of this study is to explore reflection and relevancy of the M.Ed. chemistry curriculum. Hence, it is focused on knowing M.Ed. pass students' reflections and responses to the chemistry education curriculum, exploring its relevancy, and collecting the key insights. It carried out in a mixed (quantitative and qualitative) parallel design. Seventy students (n=70) as sample for quantitative and seven students are chosen as participants for qualitative data from different batches (2014 -2020). For this inquiry; Likert’s scale statement and open ended questionnaire are used as data collection tools. Specially, the Likert’s scale is used to collect quantitative data and similarly, qualitative data by open ended questionnaire. The quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS 25 software based on the mean value and percentage. Similarly, qualitative data were analyzed by transcription, comparing, identifying themes, coding, and their elaboration and discussion process. And, its result was summarized in five main topics based on themes (curriculum content, organization, of content, pedagogical techniques and practices, evaluation techniques and practices etc.). To include all the ideas into the same pat, the chemistry education curriculum is the foundation of the chemistry/science teacher or teaching-related job, it has a huge ground of scope and it is very important to uplift the social, economic, and intellectual status of the nation hence we have to keep changing it the time relatively.
{"title":"Student Reflections on Implemented Chemistry Education Curriculum: An Exploration of Relevancy","authors":"Dilu Ram Parajuli, Rishi Ram Subedi","doi":"10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60745","url":null,"abstract":"This article has been carried out to identify the reflection of M. Ed. completion students toward the chemistry education curriculum. The main objective of this study is to explore reflection and relevancy of the M.Ed. chemistry curriculum. Hence, it is focused on knowing M.Ed. pass students' reflections and responses to the chemistry education curriculum, exploring its relevancy, and collecting the key insights. It carried out in a mixed (quantitative and qualitative) parallel design. Seventy students (n=70) as sample for quantitative and seven students are chosen as participants for qualitative data from different batches (2014 -2020). For this inquiry; Likert’s scale statement and open ended questionnaire are used as data collection tools. Specially, the Likert’s scale is used to collect quantitative data and similarly, qualitative data by open ended questionnaire. The quantitative data were analyzed by SPSS 25 software based on the mean value and percentage. Similarly, qualitative data were analyzed by transcription, comparing, identifying themes, coding, and their elaboration and discussion process. And, its result was summarized in five main topics based on themes (curriculum content, organization, of content, pedagogical techniques and practices, evaluation techniques and practices etc.). To include all the ideas into the same pat, the chemistry education curriculum is the foundation of the chemistry/science teacher or teaching-related job, it has a huge ground of scope and it is very important to uplift the social, economic, and intellectual status of the nation hence we have to keep changing it the time relatively.","PeriodicalId":510562,"journal":{"name":"Tribhuvan University Journal","volume":"99 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ganga Gc, M. Banjara, Ishan Gautam, Prakash Ghimire, K. Rijal
Anopheles, Culex, and Aedes spp are the main vectors for transmitting malaria, Japanese encephalitis, lymphatics filariasis, dengue, zika, chikungunya, etc. Mosquito-borne diseases are increasing especially dengue in Nepal. Additional tools are required to decrease the disease rate. Biological control tools like Gambusia fish, Cyclopods, Bacillus thuringiensis, etc., have not been adopted and are unavailable in Nepal. The research aims to isolate mosquitocidal Bacillus thuringiensis a biological control tool from the soil samples of Nepal. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was isolated from the soil samples of Nepal by the acetate selection method. The larvicidal bioassay of Bt was studied against the field-collected mosquito larvae. The isolate showing larvicidal activity was coded as Bacillus thuringiensis -14P2A (Bt-14P2A). The growth pattern of the positive control strain Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis (Bti-IPS-82) and the test strain were studied in different types of culture media. The microscopic morphology was studied by using different staining techniques. Bt-14P2A and Bti -IPS-82 caused 100% mortality of field-collected larvae. Both the strains showed the same type of colony morphology in a standard culture media and uniform turbidity with sedimentation type of growth pattern in broth media. The strains were Gram-positive single rod-shaped of size 1.2X4.8µm in both negatively stained slides and Gram-stained slides. A slight difference in the endospore location was terminal in Bti-IPS-82 and subterminal in Bt-14P2A. The newly isolated Bt-14P2A differs from Bti-IPS-82 in arrangement and endospore location but harbors the same morphological characteristic and larvicidal activity as the positive control strain.
{"title":"Morphological Features of Mosquito Larvicidal Bacillus Thuringiensis Isolated From Soil Samples of Nepal","authors":"Ganga Gc, M. Banjara, Ishan Gautam, Prakash Ghimire, K. Rijal","doi":"10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60744","url":null,"abstract":"Anopheles, Culex, and Aedes spp are the main vectors for transmitting malaria, Japanese encephalitis, lymphatics filariasis, dengue, zika, chikungunya, etc. Mosquito-borne diseases are increasing especially dengue in Nepal. Additional tools are required to decrease the disease rate. Biological control tools like Gambusia fish, Cyclopods, Bacillus thuringiensis, etc., have not been adopted and are unavailable in Nepal. The research aims to isolate mosquitocidal Bacillus thuringiensis a biological control tool from the soil samples of Nepal. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was isolated from the soil samples of Nepal by the acetate selection method. The larvicidal bioassay of Bt was studied against the field-collected mosquito larvae. The isolate showing larvicidal activity was coded as Bacillus thuringiensis -14P2A (Bt-14P2A). The growth pattern of the positive control strain Bacillus thuringiensis var israelensis (Bti-IPS-82) and the test strain were studied in different types of culture media. The microscopic morphology was studied by using different staining techniques. Bt-14P2A and Bti -IPS-82 caused 100% mortality of field-collected larvae. Both the strains showed the same type of colony morphology in a standard culture media and uniform turbidity with sedimentation type of growth pattern in broth media. The strains were Gram-positive single rod-shaped of size 1.2X4.8µm in both negatively stained slides and Gram-stained slides. A slight difference in the endospore location was terminal in Bti-IPS-82 and subterminal in Bt-14P2A. The newly isolated Bt-14P2A differs from Bti-IPS-82 in arrangement and endospore location but harbors the same morphological characteristic and larvicidal activity as the positive control strain.","PeriodicalId":510562,"journal":{"name":"Tribhuvan University Journal","volume":"92 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139170278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानमूलक लेखमा कवि नेत्र एटमको कवितासङ्ग्रह ‘प्रिय मौनता’ लाई मूल पाठका रूपमा लिएर उक्त सङ्ग्रहमा उदात्तता सिद्धान्तको प्रयोग के–कसरी भएको छ भनी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । समर्पण, उपासना, नीरवता र अनन्तता मुख्य विषय रहेको यस सँगालोमा प्रकृति र अमूर्त प्रणयशील भाव प्रयोग भएका छन् । पृथक् काव्यिक संरचनाभित्र भाषिक कलाको प्रस्तुति, नीरवताभित्र गहन वैचारिकी, अनन्तसम्म समर्पित निसर्त प्रणयचेतना, प्रकृतिको उपासना आदिको प्रयोगले यस सङ्ग्रहमा उदात्तता चिन्तनको प्रयोग भएको देखिन्छ । प्रभावोत्तेजक प्रस्तुति र प्रकृतिको अतिउच्च रहस्यात्मक भावभङ्गीयुक्त बिम्बको प्रयोगले प्रस्तुत सँगालो उल्लेखनीय छ ।
प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानमूलक लेखमा कवि नेत्र एटमको कवितासङ्ग्रह ‘प्रिय मौनता’ लाई मूल पाठका रूपमा लिएर उक्त सङ्ग्रहमा उदात्तता सिद्धान्तको प्रयोग के–कसरी भएको छ भनी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । समर्पण,उपासना, नीरवता र अनन्तता मुख्य विषय रेहको यस सँगालोमा प्रकृति र अमूर्त प्रणयशील भाव प्रयोग भएका छन् । पृथक् काव्यकि संरचनाभित्र भाषिकलाको प्रस्तुति、नीरवताभित्र गहन वैचारिकी, अन्तसम्म समर्पित निसर्त प्रणयचतेना、प्रकृतिको उपासना आदिको प्रयोगले यस सङ्ग्रहमा उदात्तता चिन्तनको प्रयोग भएको देखिन्छ । प्रभावोत्तेजकप्रस्तुति र प्रकृतिको अतिउच्च रहस्यात्मक भावभङ्गीयुक्त बिम्बको प्रयोगले प्रस्तुत सँगालो उल्लेखनीय छ ।
{"title":"‘प्रिय मौनता’ कवितासङ्ग्रहमा उदात्तता","authors":"अशोक Ashok थापा Thapa","doi":"10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60781","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60781","url":null,"abstract":"प्रस्तुत अनुसन्धानमूलक लेखमा कवि नेत्र एटमको कवितासङ्ग्रह ‘प्रिय मौनता’ लाई मूल पाठका रूपमा लिएर उक्त सङ्ग्रहमा उदात्तता सिद्धान्तको प्रयोग के–कसरी भएको छ भनी निष्कर्ष निकालिएको छ । समर्पण, उपासना, नीरवता र अनन्तता मुख्य विषय रहेको यस सँगालोमा प्रकृति र अमूर्त प्रणयशील भाव प्रयोग भएका छन् । पृथक् काव्यिक संरचनाभित्र भाषिक कलाको प्रस्तुति, नीरवताभित्र गहन वैचारिकी, अनन्तसम्म समर्पित निसर्त प्रणयचेतना, प्रकृतिको उपासना आदिको प्रयोगले यस सङ्ग्रहमा उदात्तता चिन्तनको प्रयोग भएको देखिन्छ । प्रभावोत्तेजक प्रस्तुति र प्रकृतिको अतिउच्च रहस्यात्मक भावभङ्गीयुक्त बिम्बको प्रयोगले प्रस्तुत सँगालो उल्लेखनीय छ ।","PeriodicalId":510562,"journal":{"name":"Tribhuvan University Journal","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139168375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper analyzes how Ghā̃tu promotes the tourism industry in Nepal. For conservation, the Nepal government does not seem to have promoted such cultural activities of the indigenous people that they are on the verge of extinction. Ghā̃tu, the nation’s cultural heritage, has several miraculous performances based on spiritual practices that attract tourists. The study attempts to make this Ghā̃tu folk dance performance one of the best sources of entertainment for tourists and domestic visitors to enhance the nation's economy. The shaman tradition followed by this cultural activity, as the severing of the dancing girls, is another exciting activity that attracts the audience. So, every tourist should visit Nepal mostly to see such a performance once. The study’s findings show that many Ghãtu villages have not been considered tourist spots. And Nepal is not a popular tourist destination like France and Germany. Therefore, this paper proposes to make the Ghā̃tu village’s one of the most unavoidable tourist spots, which help sprout the tourism industry and help enhance the sustainable development of the nation. I have employed performance and semiotic theories developed by Schechner and Chandler and ritual theory.
{"title":"How Ghãtu Folk Dance Performance Promotes Tourism Industry in Nepal","authors":"Raj Kumar Gurung","doi":"10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60771","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyzes how Ghā̃tu promotes the tourism industry in Nepal. For conservation, the Nepal government does not seem to have promoted such cultural activities of the indigenous people that they are on the verge of extinction. Ghā̃tu, the nation’s cultural heritage, has several miraculous performances based on spiritual practices that attract tourists. The study attempts to make this Ghā̃tu folk dance performance one of the best sources of entertainment for tourists and domestic visitors to enhance the nation's economy. The shaman tradition followed by this cultural activity, as the severing of the dancing girls, is another exciting activity that attracts the audience. So, every tourist should visit Nepal mostly to see such a performance once. The study’s findings show that many Ghãtu villages have not been considered tourist spots. And Nepal is not a popular tourist destination like France and Germany. Therefore, this paper proposes to make the Ghā̃tu village’s one of the most unavoidable tourist spots, which help sprout the tourism industry and help enhance the sustainable development of the nation. I have employed performance and semiotic theories developed by Schechner and Chandler and ritual theory.","PeriodicalId":510562,"journal":{"name":"Tribhuvan University Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139169231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Instant noodles' taste, usefulness, and satiation have become trendy among people of all ages. Quick noodles are not only delicious but also generally accessible everywhere. The research aimed to examine consumers' experiences and practices regarding noodle consumption. The study combined qualitative and quantitative research methods under an exploratory research approach. The study's data gathering procedure involved a preliminary interview and a second structured survey for primary data. The original interview aimed to learn how customer’s experiences and practices about noodle consumption. The first round interview conducted with several people of different district of Kathmandu valley to comprehend noodle consumption experiences and their practices. Based on the first rounds of interviews, a structural survey questionnaire was created and circulated to more customers of different brands of noodles again in various districts of Kathmandu Valley to collect quantitative related data. The research project used a purposeful sampling method to gather information on consumer behaviors and to eat patterns related to noodles. The study revealed that consumers usually focused on purchasing noodles in Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Bhaktapur districts. The majority of consumers eat Quick noodles as their first choice. Noodle consumption satisfied customers. Consumers placed Waiwai third, RARA second, and Chaudhary Group Quick Noodle first. Therefore, Quick brand noodles were the most popular among consumers, followed by WaiWai, Rara, 2PM, Current Rumpum, and Preeti.
{"title":"Consumers' Noodle Consumption: Experiences and Practices in Nepal","authors":"Gunja Kumari Sah","doi":"10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60776","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/tuj.v38i2.60776","url":null,"abstract":"Instant noodles' taste, usefulness, and satiation have become trendy among people of all ages. Quick noodles are not only delicious but also generally accessible everywhere. The research aimed to examine consumers' experiences and practices regarding noodle consumption. The study combined qualitative and quantitative research methods under an exploratory research approach. The study's data gathering procedure involved a preliminary interview and a second structured survey for primary data. The original interview aimed to learn how customer’s experiences and practices about noodle consumption. The first round interview conducted with several people of different district of Kathmandu valley to comprehend noodle consumption experiences and their practices. Based on the first rounds of interviews, a structural survey questionnaire was created and circulated to more customers of different brands of noodles again in various districts of Kathmandu Valley to collect quantitative related data. The research project used a purposeful sampling method to gather information on consumer behaviors and to eat patterns related to noodles. The study revealed that consumers usually focused on purchasing noodles in Kathmandu, Lalitpur, and Bhaktapur districts. The majority of consumers eat Quick noodles as their first choice. Noodle consumption satisfied customers. Consumers placed Waiwai third, RARA second, and Chaudhary Group Quick Noodle first. Therefore, Quick brand noodles were the most popular among consumers, followed by WaiWai, Rara, 2PM, Current Rumpum, and Preeti.","PeriodicalId":510562,"journal":{"name":"Tribhuvan University Journal","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139169122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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