Drinking is the most problematic health behavior among adolescents. Adolescent drinking behavior is likely to continue into adulthood and can lead to various social problems, development of multiple diseases, and even death. Grit is defined as the ability to persist in the face of a struggle. While grit can be a protective factor against risky health behaviors, there is a lack of information on how grit is related to adolescent drinking behavior. Based on the integrative model of adolescent health risk behavior, this study aimed to examine how intrapersonal, interpersonal, and cultural/environmental factors were related to adolescent drinking behaviors. Especially, this study aimed to examine the relationship between grit and adolescent drinking behavior by adding grit as a psychosocial maturity factor.
A cross-sectional study using a nationally representative sample of Korean adolescents.
A secondary data analysis of the 5th wave of the Korean children and youth panel survey (N = 2252) was conducted. The study sample comprised 11th-grade high school students. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were performed
Model 1 included intrapersonal, interpersonal, and cultural/environmental factors associated with adolescent drinking behavior. Model 2 added grit to the factors in model 1 to examine how grit is related to adolescent drinking behavior. After controlling for intrapersonal, interpersonal, and cultural/environmental factors, a higher level of grit was associated with lower odds of drinking behavior among adolescents (OR = 0.413, 95% CI = 0.257–0.662, p < 0.001)
A higher level of grit was associated with lower odds of drinking behavior among adolescents after adjusting for intrapersonal, interpersonal, and cultural/environmental factors
As grit can help deter risky health behaviors, guardians, teachers, and school nurses should focus on fostering grit among adolescents through education, mentorship, and intervention programs
The diverse cultural landscape of Europe underscores the importance of culturally safe healthcare. There is a necessity to assess cultural competence among European nursing faculty to provide an international perspective on cultural competence.
A descriptive, cross-sectional study.
An assessment of cultural competencies was conducted using the Cultural Competence Assessment scale, either in its original language (English) or in its translated and validated versions in Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, and Turkish. An online questionnaire was used to collect data.
The study was conducted in 71 higher institutions, distributed across 17 countries through a consecutive sample of 1364 nursing faculty.
The ethical principles of biomedical research were respected during the study, and the confidentiality of the data was guaranteed.
The mean level of cultural competence of the European nursing faculty was at the level of ‘good’. They showed greater cultural awareness and sensitivity than cultural competence behaviors. Significant associations were found between cultural competence level and the language of the questionnaire, level of education, having a nursing degree, leisure stays abroad, having friends from other countries or cultures, and international experiences abroad and at home. The better levels of cultural competence were found in profiles with the categories of: women with a Nursing Degree, a higher level of education, and with an ERASMUS+ stay experience.
This study offers an international overview of the cultural competence of nursing faculty. While the overall level of cultural competence was good, there is a need to reinforce the behaviors and factors that influence it.
The aim of the study was to explore the impact of patient safety culture on nurses' negative work outcomes resulting from patient safety incidents, as well as the mediating roles of second victim support and distress.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted. The participants included 208 nurses, each with over a year of clinical experience, working in hospitals across South Korea.
Data were collected through self-reported questionnaires on general characteristics, patient safety culture, second victim support and distress, and negative work outcomes. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, ANOVA, the Scheffé test, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Additionally, model 6 of Hayes' PROCESS macro and the Sobel test were employed to determine the mediating effect.
Mediation analysis revealed significant indirect effects of patient safety culture on the work outcomes experienced by nurses following patient safety incidents, mediated by second victim distress, after controlling for participants' marital status, position, and the severity of patient safety incidents.
This study demonstrates that in healthcare settings, patient safety culture that supports the second victim and alleviates second victim distress mitigates the negative work outcomes resulting from patient safety incidents. The findings highlight the significance of culturally sensitive support systems, particularly considering the diverse impacts on Korean nurses. Based on this study, healthcare leaders are recommended to develop strategies to support nurses and reduce their second victim distress, which can ultimately improve patient safety and the quality of nursing care.
The findings of this study can be used to develop strategies to support second victims in addressing their distress. Taking steps to alleviate the distress of second victims will help prevent negative work outcomes in nurses.
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