Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2024.07.001
Fernando García Pérez , Ascensión Contreras Jiménez , Beatriz Agredano Ávila , José Masegosa González
Solitary fibrous tumors are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that can develop in any part of the body, with those that settle intracranially being confused with meningiomas as a general rule. We present the case of a 57-year-old man referred to our hospital due to bifrontal headache, anosmia, and behavioral alterations of 6 months’ duration. Radiological studies revealed the existence of a large tumor mass with an extra-axial appearance and location in the anterior cranial fossa, initially compatible with a giant meningioma of the olfactory groove. Gross total resection of the mass was carried out. The pathological diagnosis was unexpected: a solitary fibrous tumor (WHO grade 1, 2021). Given the aggressive nature of these lesions, with a tendency to recurrence, malignant transformation and even metastasis, surgery with macroscopically complete resection intention should constitute the first therapeutic option. Close clinical-radiological follow-up after the procedure is justified.
{"title":"Tumor fibroso solitario gigante del surco olfatorio. Un simulador inusual en una localización inusual","authors":"Fernando García Pérez , Ascensión Contreras Jiménez , Beatriz Agredano Ávila , José Masegosa González","doi":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Solitary fibrous tumors are rare mesenchymal neoplasms that can develop in any part of the body, with those that settle intracranially being confused with meningiomas as a general rule. We present the case of a 57-year-old man referred to our hospital due to bifrontal headache, anosmia, and behavioral alterations of 6 months’ duration. Radiological studies revealed the existence of a large tumor mass with an extra-axial appearance and location in the anterior cranial fossa, initially compatible with a giant meningioma of the olfactory groove. Gross total resection of the mass was carried out. The pathological diagnosis was unexpected: a solitary fibrous tumor (WHO grade 1, 2021). Given the aggressive nature of these lesions, with a tendency to recurrence, malignant transformation and even metastasis, surgery with macroscopically complete resection intention should constitute the first therapeutic option. Close clinical-radiological follow-up after the procedure is justified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51145,"journal":{"name":"Neurocirugia","volume":"35 6","pages":"Pages 323-328"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2024.07.005
Andrey Grin, Vasiliy Karanadze, Ivan Lvov, Anton Kordonskiy, Aleksandr Talypov, Vladimir Smirnov, Petr Zakharov
Objective
To conduct a systematic review of studies on various posterior pedicle screw fixation (PSF) methods used for treating neurologically intact thoracolumbar burst fractures and to identify the most effective and safe approaches.
Methods
We conducted a systematic review adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, with the study registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024531093). The inclusion criteria were: (1) publication dates from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2023; (2) availability of full-text articles in English; (3) thoracolumbar burst fractures without neurological deficits; (4) patients aged over 18; (5) reports on treatment outcomes or complications; (6) a mean follow-up period of at least 12 months.
Results
A total of 69 articles covering 116 patient groups were included. Our analysis highlighted the advantages of short-segment fixation without fusion over monosegmental, short-segment and long-segment fusion in terms of shorter operation times and reduced intraoperative blood loss (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Extensive fusion was associated with a significantly higher frequency of deep surgical site infections compared to other PSF methods (p = 0.043). Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation, applied to patients with lower body compression rates and kyphotic deformities, led to less potential for correction (p = 0.004), yet significantly decreased blood loss (p = 0.011), operation duration (p < 0.0001), and hospitalization duration (p < 0.0001). No significant benefits were observed with the use of additional intermediate screws in short-segment PSF.
Conclusions
Short-segment pedicle screw fixation could be the optimal surgical treatment method for neurologically intact thoracolumbar burst fractures. The use of posterior lateral fusion in this context may increase the deep surgical site infection rate without reducing the frequency of implant-related complications or improving long-term treatment outcomes. The percutaneous approach remains the preferred technique; however, its limited reduction capabilities should be carefully considered during surgical planning for patients with severe kyphotic deformities. The application of intermediate screws in such patients has not demonstrated significant advantages. Removing the fixation system has not led to a significant decrease in implant-related complications or improvement in quality of life. The data obtained from the systematic review may assist surgeons in selecting the most appropriate surgical treatment method for patients with neurologically intact thoracolumbar burst fractures, thereby avoiding ineffective procedures and improving both short-term and long-term outcomes.
{"title":"Effective method of pedicle screw fixation in patients with neurologically intact thoracolumbar burst fractures: a systematic review of studies published over the last 20 years","authors":"Andrey Grin, Vasiliy Karanadze, Ivan Lvov, Anton Kordonskiy, Aleksandr Talypov, Vladimir Smirnov, Petr Zakharov","doi":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To conduct a systematic review of studies on various posterior pedicle screw fixation (PSF) methods used for treating neurologically intact thoracolumbar burst fractures and to identify the most effective and safe approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic review adhering to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, with the study registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024531093). The inclusion criteria were: (1) publication dates from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2023; (2) availability of full-text articles in English; (3) thoracolumbar burst fractures without neurological deficits; (4) patients aged over 18; (5) reports on treatment outcomes or complications; (6) a mean follow-up period of at least 12 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 69 articles covering 116 patient groups were included. Our analysis highlighted the advantages of short-segment fixation without fusion over monosegmental, short-segment and long-segment fusion in terms of shorter operation times and reduced intraoperative blood loss (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Extensive fusion was associated with a significantly higher frequency of deep surgical site infections compared to other PSF methods (p = 0.043). Percutaneous pedicle screw fixation, applied to patients with lower body compression rates and kyphotic deformities, led to less potential for correction (p = 0.004), yet significantly decreased blood loss (p = 0.011), operation duration (p < 0.0001), and hospitalization duration (p < 0.0001). No significant benefits were observed with the use of additional intermediate screws in short-segment PSF.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Short-segment pedicle screw fixation could be the optimal surgical treatment method for neurologically intact thoracolumbar burst fractures. The use of posterior lateral fusion in this context may increase the deep surgical site infection rate without reducing the frequency of implant-related complications or improving long-term treatment outcomes. The percutaneous approach remains the preferred technique; however, its limited reduction capabilities should be carefully considered during surgical planning for patients with severe kyphotic deformities. The application of intermediate screws in such patients has not demonstrated significant advantages. Removing the fixation system has not led to a significant decrease in implant-related complications or improvement in quality of life. The data obtained from the systematic review may assist surgeons in selecting the most appropriate surgical treatment method for patients with neurologically intact thoracolumbar burst fractures, thereby avoiding ineffective procedures and improving both short-term and long-term outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51145,"journal":{"name":"Neurocirugia","volume":"35 6","pages":"Pages 299-310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2024.06.004
Silvia Vázquez Sufuentes, Loreto Esteban Estallo, Jesús Moles Herbera, Luis Manuel González Martínez, Jouke Sieds van Popta, Juan Casado Pellejero
Background and objectives
The prevalence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms is 1-3%. The annual rupture rate increases in patients with multiple aneurysms that presented a previous hemorrhage from another aneurysm. Objectives were evaluate outcomes of clipping unruptured aneurysms, comparing patients with single or multiple aneurysms clipped, describe the complications related to surgery and to identify risk factors predicting an unfavorable outcome.
Materials and methods
Retrospective study including patients who underwent clipping of unruptured aneurysms between 2020-2023 at our center. Occlusion rate, complications, and functional outcome were analyzed. Risk factors for poor prognosis are identified using univariate model.
Results
82 patients with 114 aneurysms were treated wit microsurgery. Multiple aneurysms were clipped in 22 patients. A mini-open approach was used in 86,5% of cases. Complete occlusion in angio3D was found in 78.6% of clipped aneurysms. Complication rate was 12.2%, including asymptomatic cases. Mortality was 0%. The probability of 1 point mRS worsening was 7.3% and 2 or more points was 1.2%, with a good functional outcome in 98.9%. Clipping multiple aneurysms, miniopen approaches, or surgery in patients with previous subarachnoid hemorrhage did not increase the risk of complications. Posterior circulation aneurysms surgery increased the risk of ischemia.
Conclusions
The management for unruptured intracranial aneurysms should be multimodal and based on clinical and radiological outcomes. Microsurgery is a valid and safe technique, with 0% mortality and bleeding rates and 1,2% rate of severe morbidity in our serie.
{"title":"Aneurismas intracraneales no rotos tratados con microcirugía: análisis de resultados clínicos y radiológicos","authors":"Silvia Vázquez Sufuentes, Loreto Esteban Estallo, Jesús Moles Herbera, Luis Manuel González Martínez, Jouke Sieds van Popta, Juan Casado Pellejero","doi":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.06.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>The prevalence of unruptured intracranial aneurysms is 1-3%. The annual rupture rate increases in patients with multiple aneurysms that presented a previous hemorrhage from another aneurysm. Objectives were evaluate outcomes of clipping unruptured aneurysms, comparing patients with single or multiple aneurysms clipped, describe the complications related to surgery and to identify risk factors predicting an unfavorable outcome.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Retrospective study including patients who underwent clipping of unruptured aneurysms between 2020-2023 at our center. Occlusion rate, complications, and functional outcome were analyzed. Risk factors for poor prognosis are identified using univariate model.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>82 patients with 114 aneurysms were treated wit microsurgery. Multiple aneurysms were clipped in 22 patients. A mini-open approach was used in 86,5% of cases. Complete occlusion in angio3D was found in 78.6% of clipped aneurysms. Complication rate was 12.2%, including asymptomatic cases. Mortality was 0%. The probability of 1 point mRS worsening was 7.3% and 2 or more points was 1.2%, with a good functional outcome in 98.9%. Clipping multiple aneurysms, miniopen approaches, or surgery in patients with previous subarachnoid hemorrhage did not increase the risk of complications. Posterior circulation aneurysms surgery increased the risk of ischemia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The management for unruptured intracranial aneurysms should be multimodal and based on clinical and radiological outcomes. Microsurgery is a valid and safe technique, with 0% mortality and bleeding rates and 1,2% rate of severe morbidity in our serie.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51145,"journal":{"name":"Neurocirugia","volume":"35 6","pages":"Pages 289-298"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To determine the prevalence, clinical and radiological risk factors, and surgical management of post-traumatic syringomyelia (PTS) in a 19-year cohort study of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients treated at a SCI rehabilitation center.
Methods
Retrospective study of SCI patients in whom PTS was radiologically confirmed between January 2000 and December 2018. Protocols for assessing signs and symptoms of PTS were applied prior to PTS diagnosis and treatment and later at neurosurgical and rehabilitation reviews. The variables analyzed were prevalence, demographic data, trauma event, clinical and radiological risk factors, location and size of the syrinx, and effectiveness of the surgical procedures.
Results
Over the 19-year period, review of 920 SCI patients revealed 85 patients who met the clinical and neuroradiological criteria for the diagnosis of PTS and who were prospectively followed. Road traffic accidents were the leading cause of injury (n = 58; 68.2%), syringomyelia was most commonly observed in the thoracic spine (n = 56; 65.9%), and upper extremity paresis was the most common indication for surgical treatment (n = 27; 45%). Surgical treatment was indicated in 48 patients and the operative procedures included 29 syringopleural shunts (60.4%), 17 adhesiolysis (35.4%), and two syringosubarachnoid shunts (4.1%). The prevalence of PTS was 9% and was higher in patients with ASIA impairment scale grade A injuries. Most patients with PTS (63/85, 74.1%) were treated surgically at the time of injury. There was a significant reduction both in the extent (p = 0.05) and largest area (p = 0.001) of the syrinx after surgical treatment. Reoperation rates were 47% and 37.9% for adhesiolysis and syringopleural shunting, respectively.
Conclusion
Follow-up and routine clinical examination of SCI patients is critical for the diagnosis of PTS in patients with late neurological deterioration. Surgical treatment has a positive impact in reducing the size of the syrinx as seen on postoperative MRI.
{"title":"Epidemiological aspects of syringomyelia in a 19-year old cohort of spinal cord injury patients","authors":"Vitor Viana Bonan de Aguiar , Giovani Batista , Ricardo Gepp , Asdrubal Falavigna","doi":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the prevalence, clinical and radiological risk factors, and surgical management of post-traumatic syringomyelia (PTS) in a 19-year cohort study of Spinal Cord Injury (SCI) patients treated at a SCI rehabilitation center.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective study of SCI patients in whom PTS was radiologically confirmed between January 2000 and December 2018. Protocols for assessing signs and symptoms of PTS were applied prior to PTS diagnosis and treatment and later at neurosurgical and rehabilitation reviews. The variables analyzed were prevalence, demographic data, trauma event, clinical and radiological risk factors, location and size of the syrinx, and effectiveness of the surgical procedures.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Over the 19-year period, review of 920 SCI patients revealed 85 patients who met the clinical and neuroradiological criteria for the diagnosis of PTS and who were prospectively followed. Road traffic accidents were the leading cause of injury (n = 58; 68.2%), syringomyelia was most commonly observed in the thoracic spine (n = 56; 65.9%), and upper extremity paresis was the most common indication for surgical treatment (n = 27; 45%). Surgical treatment was indicated in 48 patients and the operative procedures included 29 syringopleural shunts (60.4%), 17 adhesiolysis (35.4%), and two syringosubarachnoid shunts (4.1%). The prevalence of PTS was 9% and was higher in patients with ASIA impairment scale grade A injuries. Most patients with PTS (63/85, 74.1%) were treated surgically at the time of injury. There was a significant reduction both in the extent (p = 0.05) and largest area (p = 0.001) of the syrinx after surgical treatment. Reoperation rates were 47% and 37.9% for adhesiolysis and syringopleural shunting, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Follow-up and routine clinical examination of SCI patients is critical for the diagnosis of PTS in patients with late neurological deterioration. Surgical treatment has a positive impact in reducing the size of the syrinx as seen on postoperative MRI.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51145,"journal":{"name":"Neurocirugia","volume":"35 6","pages":"Pages 311-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2024.06.003
Ignacio Arrese, Sergio García-García, Santiago Cepeda, Rosario Sarabia
Objetive
In Europe, units with Dual-trained Neurovascular Surgeons (DTNS) skilled in both open neurosurgery (ON) and endovascular neurosurgery (EN) are scarce. For instance, in Spain, our unit is unique within the public health system, where all neurovascular procedures are carried out by DTNS. Our study aims to evaluate the evolution in treating ruptured intracranial aneurysms (rICAs) and assess the impact of this evolution on clinical outcomes.
Methods
A retrospective cohort study was performed on rICAs treated in our unit from October 2012 to June 2023. We reviewed clinical and radiological data to analyze the evolution of ON and EN over time, as well as their impact on patient outcomes. Univariate, multivariate, and mixed-effects models were utilized to discern temporal changes.
Results
The modified Fisher Scale (mFS) and the modified World Federation of Neurological Surgeons scale (mWFNS) showed strong correlation with the outcome at 6 months outcomes, both with p < 0.00001. However, the surgical intervention method, ON versus EN, did not significantly affect outcomes (p > 0.85). In adjusted multivariate logistic regression, mFS (−1.579, p: 0.011) and mWFNS (−0.872, p < 0.001) maintained their significance. rICAs location was significant when comparing ON to EN p = 0.0001. A significant temporal trend favored the selection of EN p = 0.0058). Mixed-effects time series modeling indicated that while patient characteristics and rICA specifics did not predict treatment choice, the year of treatment was significantly correlated (0.161, p = 0.002). Logistic regression with interaction terms for time and treatment type did not produce significant results.
Conclusion
Our findings suggest that despite an increased adoption of EN techniques, there has been no change in patient outcomes. Even with the rise of EN, our unit continues to perform ON for a higher proportion of rICAs than most national hospitals. We propose that a “dual approach” offers advantages in a patient individualized treatment decision protocol in the European context.
{"title":"Integrating endovascular techniques into established open neurosurgery practice: a temporal analysis of treatment evolution in a dual-trained neurosurgical unit","authors":"Ignacio Arrese, Sergio García-García, Santiago Cepeda, Rosario Sarabia","doi":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objetive</h3><div>In Europe, units with Dual-trained Neurovascular Surgeons (DTNS) skilled in both open neurosurgery (ON) and endovascular neurosurgery (EN) are scarce. For instance, in Spain, our unit is unique within the public health system, where all neurovascular procedures are carried out by DTNS. Our study aims to evaluate the evolution in treating ruptured intracranial aneurysms (rICAs) and assess the impact of this evolution on clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study was performed on rICAs treated in our unit from October 2012 to June 2023. We reviewed clinical and radiological data to analyze the evolution of ON and EN over time, as well as their impact on patient outcomes. Univariate, multivariate, and mixed-effects models were utilized to discern temporal changes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The modified Fisher Scale (mFS) and the modified World Federation of Neurological Surgeons scale (mWFNS) showed strong correlation with the outcome at 6 months outcomes, both with p < 0.00001. However, the surgical intervention method, ON versus EN, did not significantly affect outcomes (p > 0.85). In adjusted multivariate logistic regression, mFS (−1.579, p: 0.011) and mWFNS (−0.872, p < 0.001) maintained their significance. rICAs location was significant when comparing ON to EN p = 0.0001. A significant temporal trend favored the selection of EN p = 0.0058). Mixed-effects time series modeling indicated that while patient characteristics and rICA specifics did not predict treatment choice, the year of treatment was significantly correlated (0.161, p = 0.002). Logistic regression with interaction terms for time and treatment type did not produce significant results.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our findings suggest that despite an increased adoption of EN techniques, there has been no change in patient outcomes. Even with the rise of EN, our unit continues to perform ON for a higher proportion of rICAs than most national hospitals. We propose that a “dual approach” offers advantages in a patient individualized treatment decision protocol in the European context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51145,"journal":{"name":"Neurocirugia","volume":"35 6","pages":"Pages 281-288"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2024.07.003
Aida Antuña Ramos , Juan Mayordomo-Colunga , Raquel Blanco Lago , Marco Antonio Álvarez Vega
Acute fulminant cerebral edema is a type of rapidly progressive encephalitis that occurs in children and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
We present a clinical case with seizures, rapid neurological deterioration and the early appearance of cerebral herniation signs. Although the radiological tests were initially normal and there are no established parameters that predict the evolution of encephalitis to a rapidly progressive subtype, the clinical evolution forced to consider the decompressive craniectomy due to the lack of response to the medical management of the cerebral edema. It may be necessary take a brain biopsy to confirm the etiology of the encephalitis origin of acute fulminant cerebral edema. The objective of surgery should be not only to increase survival, but also to reduce subsequent neurological sequelae.
{"title":"Papel de la craniectomía descompresiva en el edema cerebral fulminante agudo","authors":"Aida Antuña Ramos , Juan Mayordomo-Colunga , Raquel Blanco Lago , Marco Antonio Álvarez Vega","doi":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute fulminant cerebral edema is a type of rapidly progressive encephalitis that occurs in children and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality.</div><div>We present a clinical case with seizures, rapid neurological deterioration and the early appearance of cerebral herniation signs. Although the radiological tests were initially normal and there are no established parameters that predict the evolution of encephalitis to a rapidly progressive subtype, the clinical evolution forced to consider the decompressive craniectomy due to the lack of response to the medical management of the cerebral edema. It may be necessary take a brain biopsy to confirm the etiology of the encephalitis origin of acute fulminant cerebral edema. The objective of surgery should be not only to increase survival, but also to reduce subsequent neurological sequelae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51145,"journal":{"name":"Neurocirugia","volume":"35 6","pages":"Pages 329-333"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2024.06.002
Samantha Schimmel , Molly Monsour , Davide Marco Croci
Chiari malformations (CM) are often diagnosed in childhood and younger adults, with an incidence of only 0.77% in adult populations. Patients with CM may develop syringomyelia and increased intracranial pressure (ICP) due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obstruction and altered fluid dynamics at the cervicomedullary junction. We describe the case of a 65-year-old female presenting with an angionegative subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with concomitant new diagnosis of CM type I with syringomyelia. After ruling out any aneurysm or vascular malformations, she underwent a suboccipital craniectomy for a Chiari decompression with a C1 laminectomy. There were no complications with the surgery and her symptoms improved. This case report highlights the unusual presentation of a CM.
恰里畸形（Chiari malformations，CM）通常在儿童和青少年时期被诊断出来，在成年人群中的发病率仅为 0.77%。由于颈髓交界处的脑脊液（CSF）阻塞和流体动力学改变，CM 患者可能会出现鞘膜积液和颅内压（ICP）增高。我们描述了一例 65 岁女性蛛网膜下腔出血（SAH）患者的病例，该患者被诊断为 I 型鞘膜积液。在排除动脉瘤或血管畸形的可能性后，她接受了枕骨下颅骨切除术，以进行Chiari减压术和C1椎板切除术。手术没有出现并发症，她的症状也得到了改善。本病例报告重点介绍了一种不寻常的 CM 表现。
{"title":"Chiari malformation presenting with subarachnoid hemorrhage: a case report","authors":"Samantha Schimmel , Molly Monsour , Davide Marco Croci","doi":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.06.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.06.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chiari malformations (CM) are often diagnosed in childhood and younger adults, with an incidence of only 0.77% in adult populations. Patients with CM may develop syringomyelia and increased intracranial pressure (ICP) due to cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obstruction and altered fluid dynamics at the cervicomedullary junction. We describe the case of a 65-year-old female presenting with an angionegative subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) with concomitant new diagnosis of CM type I with syringomyelia. After ruling out any aneurysm or vascular malformations, she underwent a suboccipital craniectomy for a Chiari decompression with a C1 laminectomy. There were no complications with the surgery and her symptoms improved. This case report highlights the unusual presentation of a CM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51145,"journal":{"name":"Neurocirugia","volume":"35 6","pages":"Pages 319-322"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current treatment of cervical spine spondylodiscitis generally involves a radical surgical debridement and stable reconstruction together with antibiotic therapy until complete healing. But this classical approach could be difficult for patients who have been treated previously for an esophageal carcinoma and received radiotherapy.
We present a case of a 75-year-old male who underwent an esophageal dilation procedure and developed afterward a spondylodiscitis with epidural abscess due to a neglected esophageal perforation. Blood cultures were positive for Peptostreptococcus. Cervical spondylodiscitis and epidural abscess are extremely rare complications of esophageal dilations. Successful treatment without debridement was achieved by performing a posterior fixation without decompression associated with antibiotic therapy for 8 weeks. The present case highlights that spondylodiscitis and epidural abscess may be treated in selected cases where the anterior neck is unapproachable and with a recognized pathogen by a posterior approach fixation without debridement, in association to specific antibiotic therapy.
{"title":"Cervical spine spondylodiscitis due to neglected esophageal perforation after a dilation procedure 30 years after a laringectomy and radiotherapy. Report of a case and review of literature","authors":"Caribay Vargas-Reverón , Ernesto Muñoz-Mahamud , Alex Soriano , Andrés Combalia","doi":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current treatment of cervical spine spondylodiscitis generally involves a radical surgical debridement and stable reconstruction together with antibiotic therapy until complete healing. But this classical approach could be difficult for patients who have been treated previously for an esophageal carcinoma and received radiotherapy.</div><div>We present a case of a 75-year-old male who underwent an esophageal dilation procedure and developed afterward a spondylodiscitis with epidural abscess due to a neglected esophageal perforation. Blood cultures were positive for Peptostreptococcus. Cervical spondylodiscitis and epidural abscess are extremely rare complications of esophageal dilations. Successful treatment without debridement was achieved by performing a posterior fixation without decompression associated with antibiotic therapy for 8 weeks. The present case highlights that spondylodiscitis and epidural abscess may be treated in selected cases where the anterior neck is unapproachable and with a recognized pathogen by a posterior approach fixation without debridement, in association to specific antibiotic therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51145,"journal":{"name":"Neurocirugia","volume":"35 6","pages":"Pages 334-339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142578025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the mobilization of cranial nerves in the upper clival region to improve surgical approaches. Cadaveric specimens (n = 20) were dissected to examine the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves. Dissection techniques focused on the nerves' intradural course and their relationship to surrounding structures.
Methods
Pre-dissection revealed the nerves' entry points into the clival dura and their proximity to each other. Measurements were taken to quantify these distances. Following intradural dissection, measurements were again obtained to assess the degree of nerve mobilization.
Results
Dissection showed that the abducens nerve takes three folds during its course: at the dural foramen, towards the posterior cavernous sinus, and lastly within the cavernous sinus. The trochlear nerve enters the dura and makes two bends before entering the cavernous sinus. The oculomotor nerve enters the cavernous sinus directly and runs parallel to the trochlear nerve. Importantly, intradural dissection increased the space between the abducens nerves (by 4.21 mm) and between the oculomotor and trochlear nerves (by 3.09 mm on average). This indicates that nerve mobilization can create wider surgical corridors for approaching lesions in the upper clivus region.
Conclusions
This study provides a detailed anatomical analysis of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves in the upper clivus. The cadaveric dissections and measurements demonstrate the feasibility of mobilizing these nerves to achieve wider surgical corridors. This information can be valuable for surgeons planning endoscopic or microscopic approaches to lesions in the upper clivus region.
{"title":"Intradural anatomy and mobilization techniques of oculomotor, trochlear and abducens nerve after microsurgical dissection: a cadaveric study","authors":"Oguz Altunyuva , Reyhan Kasab , Recep Fedakar , Selcuk Yilmazlar","doi":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>This study investigates the mobilization of cranial nerves in the upper clival region to improve surgical approaches. Cadaveric specimens (n = 20) were dissected to examine the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves. Dissection techniques focused on the nerves' intradural course and their relationship to surrounding structures.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Pre-dissection revealed the nerves' entry points into the clival dura and their proximity to each other. Measurements were taken to quantify these distances. Following intradural dissection, measurements were again obtained to assess the degree of nerve mobilization.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Dissection showed that the abducens nerve takes three folds during its course: at the dural foramen, towards the posterior cavernous sinus, and lastly within the cavernous sinus. The trochlear nerve enters the dura and makes two bends before entering the cavernous sinus. The oculomotor nerve enters the cavernous sinus directly and runs parallel to the trochlear nerve. Importantly, intradural dissection increased the space between the abducens nerves (by 4.21 mm) and between the oculomotor and trochlear nerves (by 3.09 mm on average). This indicates that nerve mobilization can create wider surgical corridors for approaching lesions in the upper clivus region.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study provides a detailed anatomical analysis of the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens nerves in the upper clivus. The cadaveric dissections and measurements demonstrate the feasibility of mobilizing these nerves to achieve wider surgical corridors. This information can be valuable for surgeons planning endoscopic or microscopic approaches to lesions in the upper clivus region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51145,"journal":{"name":"Neurocirugia","volume":"35 5","pages":"Pages 253-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142122502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-01DOI: 10.1016/j.neucir.2024.04.002
Ivan Lvov, Andrey Grin, Aleksandr Talypov, Anton Kordonskiy, Aleksandr Tupikin
Objectives
To evaluate both the short-term and long-term outcomes of odontoid screw fixation (OSF), identifying potential risk factors for implant-related complications in patients with odontoid fractures.
Methods
This is a retrospective observational cohort study. Inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) Type II fractures and rostral Type III fractures, according to the Anderson and D’Alonzo classification; 2) patients older than 15 years. Exclusion criteria were: 1) other Type III injuries; 2) osteoporosis confirmed by densitometry or a CT bone density score below 100 Hounsfield units; 3) odontoid fractures related to tumors or aneurysmal bone cysts.
Results
In total, 56 patients were considered for the analysis of short-term results, and 26 patients were evaluated for long-term outcomes. No significant differences were observed in the preoperative imaging data and intraoperative features of OSF between patients with Type II and rostral Type III fractures. The mean operative duration was 63.9 ± 20.9 min, and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 22.1 ± 22.9 ml.
Screw cut-out was identified in four patients with rostral Type III fractures (p = 0.04). The rate of screw cut-out was found to correlate with the degree of dens fragment displacement. The bone fusion rate was 95.7%. CT scans identified stable pseudarthrosis in two cases. We observed C2–C3 ankylosis in all cases following partial disc resection. One third of patients with screws placed through the anterior lip of C2 showed no C2–C3 ankylosis. A strong trend towards lateral joint ankylosis formation in patients with a median lateral mass dislocation of 11.9 mm was observed. Most SF-36 scores either matched or exceeded the corresponding normal median values in the published reference database.
Conclusions
OSF is a reliable treatment method of Type II and rostral Type III odontoid fractures with fragment displacement of 4 mm or less. The minimally invasive OSF through the anterior-inferior lip of C2, using monocortical screw placement and cannulated instruments, without rigid intraoperative head immobilization, is sufficient to achieve favorable clinical and fusion results. This technique reduces the risk of ankylosis in the C2–C3 segment. OSF restore the quality of life for patients with odontoid fractures to levels comparable to those of the general population norm.
目的评估蝶骨螺钉固定术（OSF）的短期和长期疗效，确定蝶骨骨折患者出现植入相关并发症的潜在风险因素。纳入标准如下：1）根据 Anderson 和 D'Alonzo 的分类，为 II 型骨折和喙突 III 型骨折；2）年龄大于 15 岁的患者。排除标准为1) 其他 III 型损伤；2) 经骨密度测量确认的骨质疏松症或 CT 骨密度评分低于 100 Hounsfield 单位；3) 与肿瘤或动脉瘤性骨囊肿有关的蝶骨骨折。II型骨折和喙突III型骨折患者的术前影像学数据和术中OSF特征无明显差异。平均手术时间为（63.9±20.9）分钟，平均术中失血量为（22.1±22.9）毫升。有四名喙突Ⅲ型骨折患者发现螺钉断裂（P = 0.04），发现螺钉断裂率与穹隆碎片移位程度相关。骨融合率为 95.7%。CT 扫描发现两例患者存在稳定的假关节。我们观察到所有病例在部分切除椎间盘后都出现了C2-C3强直。三分之一的患者螺钉穿过C2前唇，但未发现C2-C3强直。在中位侧块脱位11.9毫米的患者中，观察到形成侧关节强直的强烈趋势。大多数患者的 SF-36 评分与已公布的参考数据库中相应的正常中位值相符或超过该值。通过C2的前内唇进行微创OSF，使用单皮质螺钉置入和插管器械，无需术中硬性固定头部，即可获得良好的临床和融合效果。这种技术降低了 C2-C3 节段强直的风险。OSF 可使蝶骨骨折患者的生活质量恢复到与普通人相当的水平。
{"title":"Short-term and long-term results of odontoid screw fixation in patients with Type II and rostral Type III dens fractures","authors":"Ivan Lvov, Andrey Grin, Aleksandr Talypov, Anton Kordonskiy, Aleksandr Tupikin","doi":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.neucir.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>To evaluate both the short-term and long-term outcomes of odontoid screw fixation (OSF), identifying potential risk factors for implant-related complications in patients with odontoid fractures.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a retrospective observational cohort study. Inclusion criteria were as follows: 1) Type II fractures and rostral Type III fractures, according to the Anderson and D’Alonzo classification; 2) patients older than 15 years. Exclusion criteria were: 1) other Type III injuries; 2) osteoporosis confirmed by densitometry or a CT bone density score below 100 Hounsfield units; 3) odontoid fractures related to tumors or aneurysmal bone cysts.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In total, 56 patients were considered for the analysis of short-term results, and 26 patients were evaluated for long-term outcomes. No significant differences were observed in the preoperative imaging data and intraoperative features of OSF between patients with Type II and rostral Type III fractures. The mean operative duration was 63.9 ± 20.9 min, and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 22.1 ± 22.9 ml.</p><p>Screw cut-out was identified in four patients with rostral Type III fractures (p = 0.04). The rate of screw cut-out was found to correlate with the degree of dens fragment displacement. The bone fusion rate was 95.7%. CT scans identified stable pseudarthrosis in two cases. We observed C2–C3 ankylosis in all cases following partial disc resection. One third of patients with screws placed through the anterior lip of C2 showed no C2–C3 ankylosis. A strong trend towards lateral joint ankylosis formation in patients with a median lateral mass dislocation of 11.9 mm was observed. Most SF-36 scores either matched or exceeded the corresponding normal median values in the published reference database.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>OSF is a reliable treatment method of Type II and rostral Type III odontoid fractures with fragment displacement of 4 mm or less. The minimally invasive OSF through the anterior-inferior lip of C2, using monocortical screw placement and cannulated instruments, without rigid intraoperative head immobilization, is sufficient to achieve favorable clinical and fusion results. This technique reduces the risk of ankylosis in the C2–C3 segment. OSF restore the quality of life for patients with odontoid fractures to levels comparable to those of the general population norm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":51145,"journal":{"name":"Neurocirugia","volume":"35 5","pages":"Pages 233-240"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142122521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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