Sportverletzung-Sportschaden最新文献

Background: Physical interventions or manual therapeutic techniques (MTTe) such as mobilisation, manipulation or soft tissue techniques not only have an influence on the target tissue with improvement of metabolism or reduction of hypertonic muscles. They are also used for balance regulation in central nervous changes of the autonomic nervous system (ANS). To date, there is a lack of empirical evidence on impact mechanisms and target locations of MTTe on the ANS. This scoping review aims to provide an overview of the evidence on the application of MTTe at diverse levels of the spine with a view to the ANS.

Method: A systematic literature search was conducted on CENTRAL, Google Scholar, Osteopathic Research Web, PEDro and PubMed. The scope and content of the literature were documented. The results of the included and referenced studies were summarised in a narrative approach with the focus being on the most significant clinical aspects.

Results: MTTe was described as manipulations, mobilisations, myofascial techniques and cervical traction. In 27 out of 35 studies, therapeutic treatments were carried out on healthy volunteers. Ten studies analysed immediate effects in patients, while two studies were designed as longitudinal studies in patients with hypertension. Over a period of four to eight weeks, the frequency of intervention was between one and three MTTe sessions a week.

Conclusion: The study results proved to be heterogeneous. For this reason, it is not possible to draw definitive, explicit and generally valid statements regarding the type and intensity as well as the segmental level at which MTTe should be applied in order to trigger specific positive ANS response mechanisms. Consequently, longitudinal studies with follow-up are recommended for future studies. In addition, comprehensive effects of MTTe should be evaluated in groups of patients with different characteristics.

Background: This article provides a summary of the state of knowledge on the sport-specific use of a kinesiotape intervention for neck pain caused by the postural or sitting position in cycling. This review summarises the research literature on the effectiveness of kinesiotape (KTA) on pain perception, pressure pain threshold (PPT) and range of motion (ROM) in the neck muscles and trapezius muscle. The focus was specifically on studies in cycling.

Methods: The literature search was conducted in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The search terms used in combination were "kinesiotape" and "back pain", "neck pain", "kinesiotape" and "trapezius muscle", and "kinesiotape" and "cycling".

Results: In total, the combination of keywords returned 892 results. Of these, the Powered by Editorial Manager and ProduXion Manager from Aries Systems Corporation search in the online database of PubMed returned 192 results and the search in the online database of Google Scholar returned 700 results. 874 publications were discarded due to a lack of specificity and a field of application that did not meet the requirements. Three additional studies were eliminated as "duplicate". Fifteen studies met the inclusion criteria. These were analysed in terms of content and in detail. Only one publication deals with the problem of mechanically induced neck pain during cycling. The effect of the kinesiotape refers to a reduction in pain perception and maintenance of the cervical range of motion.

Conclusion: Numerous studies deal with the problem of pain conditions and how these can be counteracted with the help of an appropriate KTA. Only a small number offer insights into the effectiveness of a suitable application of kinesiotape for mechanically induced neck pain.

Introduction: There is not much data on traumatic spinal cord injuries sustained during sports in Germany. This study aims to present the frequency of traumatic spinal cord injuries with neurological involvement within various sports over the past 22 years.

Methods: This study is a retrospective evaluation of traumatic spinal cord injuries (tSCI) in sports sustained in the past 22 years. The study was performed by a German level 1 trauma centre with a department for spinal cord injuries. The files of inpatients treated in the years 1998 to 2020 were evaluated with regard to patients' histories and traumatic spinal cord injuries. In addition, injury location and gender distribution were recorded.

Results: A total of 1630 patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries with neurological involvement were recorded. Of the 1630 patients, N=116 (7.1%) had had sports accidents. The age of this subpopulation was significantly younger at 41 years (p=0.05) than the age of the total group of tSCI at 50 years. A more detailed analysis of the sports injuries showed that in descending order equestrian sports (N=22), winter (N=18), air (N=16), motor sports (N=16) and cycling (N=15) were the most common causal factors for these particularly serious spinal injuries. As regards the distribution of the location of the spinal cord injury with a view to the type of sports practiced, a significant result was shown in aerial sports, with patients from this group mainly having had lumbar spine injuries (p <0.01), and in diving with cervical spine injuries (p=0). Gender distribution in the individual sports shows a significant difference in equestrian sports (male < female, p <0.01) as well as a significant difference in air sports (male > female, p = 0.05) and cycling (male > female, p=0.07).

Conclusion: In summary, equestrian sports is the most common cause of spinal cord injuries with neurological involvement in the sports sector with a higher proportion of female participants, although the proportion of female patients is smaller compared with male patients in the section of traumatic spinal cord injuries. Winter (N=18), air (N=16), motor sports (N=15) and cycling (N=15) come next in descending order.Patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries caused by sports accidents are significantly younger than the entirety of patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries.

The COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) pandemic forces athletes to perform their workout at home with alternative training methods. Exercise resistance bands, often used for this purpose, can cause damage when they recoil or tear. Potentially resulting injuries include bruises, head injuries, lacerations, facial fractures and eye injuries. The following article presents two case reports including accident mechanism, injuries, diagnostic evaluation and treatment.The first patient presented with an open depressed skull fracture caused by a recoiling exercise resistance band, while the second patient sustained a complex ocular trauma caused by a tearing exercise resistance band when performing supported chin-ups.