Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-05-10DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2350661
Ron Braunstein, Goran Hubanic, Ortal Yerushalmy, Sivan Oren-Alkalay, Amit Rimon, Shunit Coppenhagen-Glazer, Ofir Niv, Hilik Marom, Alin Barsheshet, Ronen Hazan
Antibiotic-resistant pathogens are a growing global issue, leading to untreatable infectious diseases in both humans and animals. Personalized bacteriophage (phage) therapy, the use of specific anti-bacterial viruses, is currently a leading approach to combat antibiotic-resistant infections. The implementation of phage therapy has primarily been focused on humans, almost neglecting the impact of such infections on the health and welfare of companion animals. Pets also have the potential to spread resistant infections to their owners or the veterinary staff through zoonotic transmission. Here, we showcase personalized phage-antibiotic treatment of a cat with a multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa implant-associated infection post-arthrodesis surgery. The treatment encompassed a tailored combination of an anti-P. aeruginosa phage and ceftazidime, precisely matched to the pathogen. The phage was topically applied to the surgical wound while the antibiotic was administered intramuscularly. After two treatment courses spanning 7 and 3 weeks, the surgical wound, which had previously remained open for five months, fully closed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of personalized phage therapy application in felines, which provides further evidence of the effectiveness of this approach. The successful outcome paves the way for personalized phage-antibiotic treatments against persistent infections therapy in veterinary practice.
{"title":"Successful phage-antibiotic therapy of <i>P. aeruginosa</i> implant-associated infection in a Siamese cat.","authors":"Ron Braunstein, Goran Hubanic, Ortal Yerushalmy, Sivan Oren-Alkalay, Amit Rimon, Shunit Coppenhagen-Glazer, Ofir Niv, Hilik Marom, Alin Barsheshet, Ronen Hazan","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2350661","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2350661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Antibiotic-resistant pathogens are a growing global issue, leading to untreatable infectious diseases in both humans and animals. Personalized bacteriophage (phage) therapy, the use of specific anti-bacterial viruses, is currently a leading approach to combat antibiotic-resistant infections. The implementation of phage therapy has primarily been focused on humans, almost neglecting the impact of such infections on the health and welfare of companion animals. Pets also have the potential to spread resistant infections to their owners or the veterinary staff through zoonotic transmission. Here, we showcase personalized phage-antibiotic treatment of a cat with a multidrug-resistant <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> implant-associated infection post-arthrodesis surgery. The treatment encompassed a tailored combination of an anti-<i>P. aeruginosa</i> phage and ceftazidime, precisely matched to the pathogen. The phage was topically applied to the surgical wound while the antibiotic was administered intramuscularly. After two treatment courses spanning 7 and 3 weeks, the surgical wound, which had previously remained open for five months, fully closed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of personalized phage therapy application in felines, which provides further evidence of the effectiveness of this approach. The successful outcome paves the way for personalized phage-antibiotic treatments against persistent infections therapy in veterinary practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11089911/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-01-30DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2300943
Md Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Daiki Kato, Takayuki Nakagawa, Mohammad Arif, Naoki Miura
Hypoxia may promote tumor progression, and hypoxically altered noncoding RNA (ncRNA) expression may play a role in metastasis. Canine oral melanoma (COM) frequently metastasizes, and ncRNA expression under hypoxia may be clinically significant. We aimed to elucidate ncRNA fragments whose expression is altered by hypoxia in COM-derived primary KMeC and metastatic LMeC cell lines using next-generation sequencing to validate these results in qRT-PCR, and then compare expression between metastatic and non-metastatic COM. The NGS analysis and subsequent qRT-PCR validation were performed using hypoxic and normoxic KMeC and LMeC cells, and clinical samples [tumor tissue, plasma, and plasma-derived extracellular vesicles] obtained from dogs with metastatic or non-metastatic melanoma were analyzed with qRT-PCR. Y RNA was significantly decreased in metastatic LMeC cells versus primary KMeC cells in hypoxic and normoxic conditions. The expression of Y RNA was decreased in dogs with metastatic melanoma versus those with non-metastatic melanoma for all clinical sample types, reflecting the pattern found with hypoxia. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that Y RNA level is a promising biomarker for discriminating metastatic from non-metastatic melanoma in plasma [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.993, p < 0.0001] and plasma-derived extracellular vesicles (AUC = 0.981, p = 0.0002). Overall, Y RNA may be more resistant to hypoxic stress in the metastatic than the non-metastatic state for COM. However, further investigation is required to elucidate the biological functions of Y RNA under hypoxic conditions.
低氧可能会促进肿瘤进展,而低氧改变的非编码 RNA(ncRNA)表达可能会在转移中发挥作用。犬口腔黑色素瘤(COM)经常发生转移,低氧条件下的ncRNA表达可能具有临床意义。我们的目的是利用新一代测序技术阐明低氧会改变原发性 KMeC 和转移性 LMeC 细胞系中 ncRNA 表达的片段,并在 qRT-PCR 中验证这些结果,然后比较转移性和非转移性 COM 的表达情况。利用缺氧和正常缺氧的 KMeC 和 LMeC 细胞进行了 NGS 分析和随后的 qRT-PCR 验证,并用 qRT-PCR 分析了从患有转移性或非转移性黑色素瘤的狗身上获得的临床样本 [肿瘤组织、血浆和血浆衍生细胞外囊泡]。在缺氧和常氧条件下,转移性 LMeC 细胞与原发性 KMeC 细胞相比,Y RNA 表达量明显下降。在所有临床样本类型中,转移性黑色素瘤犬与非转移性黑色素瘤犬相比,Y RNA的表达量都有所下降,这反映了缺氧时发现的模式。接收器操作特征分析表明,Y RNA 水平是一种很有希望的生物标记物,可用于区分血浆中的转移性和非转移性黑色素瘤[曲线下面积 (AUC) = 0.993,P = 0.0002]。总体而言,对于 COM 而言,转移状态下的 Y RNA 可能比非转移状态下的 Y RNA 更能抵抗低氧压力。然而,要阐明 Y RNA 在缺氧条件下的生物学功能,还需要进一步的研究。
{"title":"Hypoxia-related Y RNA fragments as a novel potential biomarker for distinguishing metastatic oral melanoma from non-metastatic oral melanoma in dogs.","authors":"Md Nazmul Hasan, Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Al Asmaul Husna, Daiki Kato, Takayuki Nakagawa, Mohammad Arif, Naoki Miura","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2023.2300943","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2023.2300943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypoxia may promote tumor progression, and hypoxically altered noncoding RNA (ncRNA) expression may play a role in metastasis. Canine oral melanoma (COM) frequently metastasizes, and ncRNA expression under hypoxia may be clinically significant. We aimed to elucidate ncRNA fragments whose expression is altered by hypoxia in COM-derived primary KMeC and metastatic LMeC cell lines using next-generation sequencing to validate these results in qRT-PCR, and then compare expression between metastatic and non-metastatic COM. The NGS analysis and subsequent qRT-PCR validation were performed using hypoxic and normoxic KMeC and LMeC cells, and clinical samples [tumor tissue, plasma, and plasma-derived extracellular vesicles] obtained from dogs with metastatic or non-metastatic melanoma were analyzed with qRT-PCR. Y RNA was significantly decreased in metastatic LMeC cells versus primary KMeC cells in hypoxic and normoxic conditions. The expression of Y RNA was decreased in dogs with metastatic melanoma versus those with non-metastatic melanoma for all clinical sample types, reflecting the pattern found with hypoxia. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated that Y RNA level is a promising biomarker for discriminating metastatic from non-metastatic melanoma in plasma [area under the curve (AUC) = 0.993, <i>p</i> < 0.0001] and plasma-derived extracellular vesicles (AUC = 0.981, <i>p</i> = 0.0002). Overall, Y RNA may be more resistant to hypoxic stress in the metastatic than the non-metastatic state for COM. However, further investigation is required to elucidate the biological functions of Y RNA under hypoxic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10829814/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139576188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-07-03DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2373287
Asmaa T Y Kishawy, Reham A Abd El-Wahab, Fatma Eldemery, Mona Mohammed I Abdel Rahman, Saleh Altuwaijri, Rasha M M Ezz-Eldin, Ehab M Abd-Allah, Shimaa Zayed, Zohair S Mulla, Rasha B El Sharkawy, Shereen Badr, Wessam Youssef, Doaa Ibrahim
Early nutritional management approach greatly impacts broilers' performance and resistance against coccidiosis. The current study explored the impact of post-hatch feeding with a combination of glutamine (Glut) and different levels of omega-3 on broiler chickens' growth performance, muscle building, intestinal barrier, antioxidant ability and protection against avian coccidiosis. A total of six hundred Cobb 500 was divided into six groups: first group (fed basal diet and unchallenged (control) and challenged (negative control, NC) groups were fed a basal diet without additives, and the other groups were infected with Eimeria spp and supplemented with 1.5% Glut alone or with three different levels of omega-3 (0.25, 0.5 and 1%) during the starter period. Notable improvement in body weight gain was observed in the group which fed basal diet supplemented with glut and 1% omega 3 even after coccidia infection (increased by 25% compared challenged group) while feed conversion ratio was restored to control. Myogeneis was enhanced in the group supplemented with Glut and omega-3 (upregulation of myogenin, MyoD, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase and insulin like growth factor-1 and downregulating of myostatin genes). Groups supplemented with Glut and higher levels of omega-3 highly expressed occluding, mucin-2, junctional Adhesion Molecule 2, b-defensin-1 and cathelicidins-2 genes. Group fed 1% Glut + omega-3 showed an increased total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase and super oxide dismutase enzymes activities with reduced levels of malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species and H2O2. Post-infection, dietary Glut and 1% omega-3 increased intestinal interleukin-10 (IL) and secretory immunoglobulin-A and serum lysozyme, while decreased the elevated inflammatory mediators comprising interleukin IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide (NO) and inducible NO synthase. Fecal oocyst excretion and lesions score severity were lowered in the group fed 1% Glut and omega 3. Based on these findings, dietary Glut and omega-3 supplementation augmented restored overall broilers' performance after coccidial challenge.
{"title":"Insights of early feeding regime supplemented with glutamine and various levels of omega-3 in broiler chickens: growth performance, muscle building, antioxidant capacity, intestinal barriers health and defense against mixed <i>Eimeria spp</i> infection.","authors":"Asmaa T Y Kishawy, Reham A Abd El-Wahab, Fatma Eldemery, Mona Mohammed I Abdel Rahman, Saleh Altuwaijri, Rasha M M Ezz-Eldin, Ehab M Abd-Allah, Shimaa Zayed, Zohair S Mulla, Rasha B El Sharkawy, Shereen Badr, Wessam Youssef, Doaa Ibrahim","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2373287","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2373287","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Early nutritional management approach greatly impacts broilers' performance and resistance against coccidiosis. The current study explored the impact of post-hatch feeding with a combination of glutamine (Glut) and different levels of omega-3 on broiler chickens' growth performance, muscle building, intestinal barrier, antioxidant ability and protection against avian coccidiosis. A total of six hundred Cobb 500 was divided into six groups: first group (fed basal diet and unchallenged (control) and challenged (negative control, NC) groups were fed a basal diet without additives, and the other groups were infected with <i>Eimeria spp</i> and supplemented with 1.5% Glut alone or with three different levels of omega-3 (0.25, 0.5 and 1%) during the starter period. Notable improvement in body weight gain was observed in the group which fed basal diet supplemented with glut and 1% omega 3 even after coccidia infection (increased by 25% compared challenged group) while feed conversion ratio was restored to control. Myogeneis was enhanced in the group supplemented with Glut and omega-3 (upregulation of myogenin, MyoD, mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase and insulin like growth factor-1 and downregulating of myostatin genes). Groups supplemented with Glut and higher levels of omega-3 highly expressed occluding, mucin-2, junctional Adhesion Molecule 2, b-defensin-1 and cathelicidins-2 genes. Group fed 1% Glut + omega-3 showed an increased total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase and super oxide dismutase enzymes activities with reduced levels of malondialdehyde, reactive oxygen species and H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. Post-infection, dietary Glut and 1% omega-3 increased intestinal interleukin-10 (IL) and secretory immunoglobulin-A and serum lysozyme, while decreased the elevated inflammatory mediators comprising interleukin IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nitric oxide (NO) and inducible NO synthase. Fecal oocyst excretion and lesions score severity were lowered in the group fed 1% Glut and omega 3. Based on these findings, dietary Glut and omega-3 supplementation augmented restored overall broilers' performance after coccidial challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11225632/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141499607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-07-04DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2371609
Chenjian Li, Md Abul Kalam Azad, Qian Zhu, Yating Cheng, Jue Gui, Bo Song, Zhenlei Zhou, Xiangfeng Kong
This study investigated the differences in bone growth and turnover and calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) uptake among three different breeds of growing-finishing pigs. Ninety healthy Duroc, Xiangcun black (XCB), and Taoyuan black (TYB) pigs (30 pigs per breed) at 35 day-old (D) with the average body weight (BW) of their respective breed were assigned and raised to 185 D. The results showed that Duroc pigs had higher bone weight and length than the XCB and TYB pigs at 80, 125, and 185 D and the bone index at 185 D (p < 0.05). Duroc pigs had higher bone mineral densities (femur and tibia) compared with the other two breeds at 80 D and 125 D, whereas TYB pigs had higher mineral content and bone breaking load (rib) compared with the other two breeds at 185 D (p < 0.05). The bone morphogenetic protein-2 and osteocalcin concentrations were higher, and TRACP5b concentration was lower in serum of TYB pigs at 125 D (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, parathyroid hormone, thyroxine, and fibroblast growth factor 23 concentrations were higher in serum of TYB pigs at 185 D (p < 0.05). The TYB pigs had higher apparent total tract digestibility of P at 80 D and 185 D and bone Ca and P contents at 185 D in comparison to the Duroc pigs (p < 0.05). Furthermore, gene expressions related to renal uptake of Ca and P differed among the three breeds of pigs. Collectively, Duroc pigs have higher bone growth, whereas TYB pigs have a higher potential for mineral deposition caused by more active Ca uptake.
本研究调查了三个不同品种的生长育成猪在骨骼生长和周转以及钙(Ca)和磷(P)吸收方面的差异。将 90 头健康的杜洛克猪、湘村黑猪(XCB)和桃源黑猪(TYB)(每个品种 30 头)在 35 日龄(D)时按各自品种的平均体重(BW)分配并饲养至 185 日龄。结果表明,杜洛克猪在 80、125 和 185 日龄时的骨重和骨长高于 XCB 和 TYB 猪,185 日龄时的骨指数(p p p 3)、185 日龄时 TYB 猪血清中甲状旁腺激素、甲状腺素和成纤维细胞生长因子 23 的浓度更高(p p 4)。
{"title":"Differences in intestinal and renal Ca and P uptake in three different breeds of growing-finishing pigs.","authors":"Chenjian Li, Md Abul Kalam Azad, Qian Zhu, Yating Cheng, Jue Gui, Bo Song, Zhenlei Zhou, Xiangfeng Kong","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2371609","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2371609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the differences in bone growth and turnover and calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) uptake among three different breeds of growing-finishing pigs. Ninety healthy Duroc, Xiangcun black (XCB), and Taoyuan black (TYB) pigs (30 pigs per breed) at 35 day-old (D) with the average body weight (BW) of their respective breed were assigned and raised to 185 D. The results showed that Duroc pigs had higher bone weight and length than the XCB and TYB pigs at 80, 125, and 185 D and the bone index at 185 D (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Duroc pigs had higher bone mineral densities (femur and tibia) compared with the other two breeds at 80 D and 125 D, whereas TYB pigs had higher mineral content and bone breaking load (rib) compared with the other two breeds at 185 D (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The bone morphogenetic protein-2 and osteocalcin concentrations were higher, and TRACP5b concentration was lower in serum of TYB pigs at 125 D (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Meanwhile, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D<sub>3</sub>, parathyroid hormone, thyroxine, and fibroblast growth factor 23 concentrations were higher in serum of TYB pigs at 185 D (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The TYB pigs had higher apparent total tract digestibility of P at 80 D and 185 D and bone Ca and P contents at 185 D in comparison to the Duroc pigs (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Furthermore, gene expressions related to renal uptake of Ca and P differed among the three breeds of pigs. Collectively, Duroc pigs have higher bone growth, whereas TYB pigs have a higher potential for mineral deposition caused by more active Ca uptake.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11229737/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141535933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-03-18DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2288876
Nicola Pusterla, Kaila Lawton, Samantha Barnum
Adult horses are susceptible to equine coronavirus (ECoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), although, only ECoV has been linked to clinical disease. Little information is available regarding the seroprevalence against ECoV and SARS-CoV-2 in adult healthy horses. The goal of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence against two coronaviruses known to infect horses using convenience samples collected from horses recently imported from Europe to the United States from 2019 to 2023. A total of 385 banked serum samples were tested against ECoV and SARS-CoV-2 using previously validated ELISA assays. Prevalence factors including date of arrival in the United States, signalment and country of origin were available for the majority of the horses. A total of 9/385 (2.3%) and 4/385 (1.0%) horses tested seropositive for ECoV and SARS-CoV-2, respectively. The ECoV seropositive horses were all mares, ages 4 to 26 years (median 9 years) and originated from Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, Belgium and Italy. These mares were predominantly imported during the summer and fall months. All SARS-CoV-2 seropositive horses were mares ages 5 to 10 years (median 7.5 years) imported from the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The majority of the SARS-CoV-2 seropositive horses were imported during the colder months of the year. The study results support the presence of ECoV in Europe and report on the first SARS-CoV-2 seropositive healthy adult horses outside the United States. Commingling for movements by air and close contact to humans may predispose transmission with ECoV and SARS-CoV-2, respectively.
{"title":"Investigation of the seroprevalence to equine coronavirus and SARS-CoV-2 in healthy adult horses recently imported to the United States.","authors":"Nicola Pusterla, Kaila Lawton, Samantha Barnum","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2023.2288876","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2023.2288876","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adult horses are susceptible to equine coronavirus (ECoV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), although, only ECoV has been linked to clinical disease. Little information is available regarding the seroprevalence against ECoV and SARS-CoV-2 in adult healthy horses. The goal of the present study was to determine the seroprevalence against two coronaviruses known to infect horses using convenience samples collected from horses recently imported from Europe to the United States from 2019 to 2023. A total of 385 banked serum samples were tested against ECoV and SARS-CoV-2 using previously validated ELISA assays. Prevalence factors including date of arrival in the United States, signalment and country of origin were available for the majority of the horses. A total of 9/385 (2.3%) and 4/385 (1.0%) horses tested seropositive for ECoV and SARS-CoV-2, respectively. The ECoV seropositive horses were all mares, ages 4 to 26 years (median 9 years) and originated from Germany, the Netherlands, Ireland, Belgium and Italy. These mares were predominantly imported during the summer and fall months. All SARS-CoV-2 seropositive horses were mares ages 5 to 10 years (median 7.5 years) imported from the Netherlands and the United Kingdom. The majority of the SARS-CoV-2 seropositive horses were imported during the colder months of the year. The study results support the presence of ECoV in Europe and report on the first SARS-CoV-2 seropositive healthy adult horses outside the United States. Commingling for movements by air and close contact to humans may predispose transmission with ECoV and SARS-CoV-2, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10949836/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138446988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-01-16DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2300965
Thanh Trung Nguyen, Thi Ngan Mai, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Fred Unger, Hu Suk Lee
As COVID-19 has shown, pandemics and outbreaks of emerging infections such as Zika, Nipah, monkeypox and antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, especially emerging zoonotic diseases, continue to occur and may even be increasing in Southeast Asia. In addition, these infections often result from environmental changes and human behaviour. Overall, public health surveillance to identify gaps in the literature and early warning signs are essential in this region. A systematic review investigated the prevalence of emerging zoonotic diseases over 11 years from 2011 to 2022 in Southeast Asia to understand the status of emerging zoonotic diseases, as well as to provide necessary actions for disease control and prevention in the region. During the 2011-2022 period, studies on pigs, poultry, ruminants, companion animals and wildlife in Southeast Asia were reviewed thoroughly to assess the quality of reporting items for inclusion in the systematic review. The review was performed on 26 studies of pigs, 6 studies of poultry, 21 studies of ruminants, 28 studies of companion animals and 25 studies of wildlife in Southeast Asia, which provide a snapshot of the prevalence of the emerging zoonotic disease across the country. The findings from the review showed that emerging zoonotic diseases were prevalent across the region and identified a few zoonotic diseases associated with poultry, mainly stemming from Cambodia and Vietnam, as high priority in Southeast Asia.Clinical relevance: Appropriate prevention and control measures should be taken to mitigate the emerging zoonotic diseases in Southeast Asia.
{"title":"Emerging zoonotic diseases in Southeast Asia in the period 2011-2022: a systematic literature review.","authors":"Thanh Trung Nguyen, Thi Ngan Mai, Sinh Dang-Xuan, Hung Nguyen-Viet, Fred Unger, Hu Suk Lee","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2023.2300965","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2023.2300965","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As COVID-19 has shown, pandemics and outbreaks of emerging infections such as Zika, Nipah, monkeypox and antimicrobial-resistant pathogens, especially emerging zoonotic diseases, continue to occur and may even be increasing in Southeast Asia. In addition, these infections often result from environmental changes and human behaviour. Overall, public health surveillance to identify gaps in the literature and early warning signs are essential in this region. A systematic review investigated the prevalence of emerging zoonotic diseases over 11 years from 2011 to 2022 in Southeast Asia to understand the status of emerging zoonotic diseases, as well as to provide necessary actions for disease control and prevention in the region. During the 2011-2022 period, studies on pigs, poultry, ruminants, companion animals and wildlife in Southeast Asia were reviewed thoroughly to assess the quality of reporting items for inclusion in the systematic review. The review was performed on 26 studies of pigs, 6 studies of poultry, 21 studies of ruminants, 28 studies of companion animals and 25 studies of wildlife in Southeast Asia, which provide a snapshot of the prevalence of the emerging zoonotic disease across the country. The findings from the review showed that emerging zoonotic diseases were prevalent across the region and identified a few zoonotic diseases associated with poultry, mainly stemming from Cambodia and Vietnam, as high priority in Southeast Asia.<b>Clinical relevance</b>: Appropriate prevention and control measures should be taken to mitigate the emerging zoonotic diseases in Southeast Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10795789/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139479647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sheeppox and goatpox are transboundary viral diseases of sheep and goats that cause significant economic losses to small and marginal farmers worldwide, including India. Members of the genus Capripoxvirus (CaPV), namely Sheeppox virus (SPPV), Goatpox virus (GTPV), and Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), are antigenically similar, and species differentiation can only be accomplished using molecular approaches. The present study aimed to understand the molecular epidemiology and host specificity of SPPV and GTPV circulating in India through sequencing and structural analysis of the RNA polymerase subunit-30 kDa (RPO30) gene. A total of 29 field isolates from sheep (n = 19) and goats (n = 10) belonging to different geographical regions of India during the period: Year 2015 to 2023, were analyzed based on the sequence and structure of the full-length RPO30 gene/protein. Phylogenetically, all the CaPV isolates were separated into three major clusters: SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV. Multiple sequence alignment revealed a highly conserved RPO30 gene, with a stretch of 21 nucleotide deletion in all SPPV isolates. Additionally, the RPO30 gene of the Indian SPPV and GTPV isolates possessed several species-specific conserved signature residues/motifs that could act as genotyping markers. Secondary structure analysis of the RPO30 protein showed four α-helices, two loops, and three turns, similar to that of the E4L protein of vaccinia virus (VACV). All the isolates in the present study exhibited host preferences across different states of India. Therefore, in order to protect vulnerable small ruminants from poxviral infections, it is recommended to take into consideration a homologous vaccination strategy.
{"title":"Structural and sequence analysis of the RPO30 gene of sheeppox and goatpox viruses from India.","authors":"Gundallahalli Bayyappa Manjunatha Reddy, Krishnappa Sumana, Revanaiah Yogisharadhya, Hosakote Venkatappa Mohan, Vijaykumar Kolar Lavanya, Basavarajappa Harlipura Chethankumar, Nayakwadi Shivasharanappa, Mani Saminathan, Sajjanar Basavaraj, Kuldeep Dhama, Shivachandra Bhadravati Sathish","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2331524","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2331524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sheeppox and goatpox are transboundary viral diseases of sheep and goats that cause significant economic losses to small and marginal farmers worldwide, including India. Members of the genus <i>Capripoxvirus</i> (CaPV), namely Sheeppox virus (SPPV), Goatpox virus (GTPV), and Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), are antigenically similar, and species differentiation can only be accomplished using molecular approaches. The present study aimed to understand the molecular epidemiology and host specificity of SPPV and GTPV circulating in India through sequencing and structural analysis of the RNA polymerase subunit-30 kDa (<i>RPO30</i>) gene. A total of 29 field isolates from sheep (<i>n</i> = 19) and goats (<i>n</i> = 10) belonging to different geographical regions of India during the period: Year 2015 to 2023, were analyzed based on the sequence and structure of the full-length <i>RPO30</i> gene/protein. Phylogenetically, all the CaPV isolates were separated into three major clusters: SPPV, GTPV, and LSDV. Multiple sequence alignment revealed a highly conserved <i>RPO30</i> gene, with a stretch of 21 nucleotide deletion in all SPPV isolates. Additionally, the <i>RPO30</i> gene of the Indian SPPV and GTPV isolates possessed several species-specific conserved signature residues/motifs that could act as genotyping markers. Secondary structure analysis of the <i>RPO30</i> protein showed four α-helices, two loops, and three turns, similar to that of the E4L protein of vaccinia virus (VACV). All the isolates in the present study exhibited host preferences across different states of India. Therefore, in order to protect vulnerable small ruminants from poxviral infections, it is recommended to take into consideration a homologous vaccination strategy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10964832/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140208178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal illness caused by a mutated feline coronavirus (FCoV). This disease is characterized by its complexity, resulting from systemic infection, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), and challenges in accessing effective therapeutics. Extract derived from Vigna radiata (L.) R. Wilczek (VRE) exhibits various pharmacological effects, including antiviral activity. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral potential of VRE against FCoV, addressing the urgent need to advance the treatment of FIP. We explored the anti-FCoV activity, antiviral mechanism, and combinational application of VRE by means of in vitro antiviral assays. Our findings reveal that VRE effectively inhibited the cytopathic effect induced by FCoV, reduced viral proliferation, and downregulated spike protein expression. Moreover, VRE blocked FCoV in the early and late infection stages and was effective under in vitro ADE infection. Notably, when combined with VRE, the polymerase inhibitor GS-441524 or protease inhibitor GC376 suppressed FCoV more effectively than monotherapy. In conclusion, this study characterizes the antiviral property of VRE against FCoV in vitro, and VRE possesses therapeutic potential for FCoV treatment.
{"title":"Antiviral activity of <i>Vigna radiata</i> extract against feline coronavirus <i>in vitro</i>.","authors":"Ai-Ai Chou, Chung-Hui Lin, Yen-Chen Chang, Hui-Wen Chang, Yi-Chen Lin, Chia-Chen Pi, Yao-Ming Kan, Hao-Fen Chuang, Hui-Wen Chen","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2349665","DOIUrl":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2349665","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) is a fatal illness caused by a mutated feline coronavirus (FCoV). This disease is characterized by its complexity, resulting from systemic infection, antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), and challenges in accessing effective therapeutics. Extract derived from <i>Vigna radiata</i> (L.) R. Wilczek (VRE) exhibits various pharmacological effects, including antiviral activity. This study aimed to investigate the antiviral potential of VRE against FCoV, addressing the urgent need to advance the treatment of FIP. We explored the anti-FCoV activity, antiviral mechanism, and combinational application of VRE by means of <i>in vitro</i> antiviral assays. Our findings reveal that VRE effectively inhibited the cytopathic effect induced by FCoV, reduced viral proliferation, and downregulated spike protein expression. Moreover, VRE blocked FCoV in the early and late infection stages and was effective under <i>in vitro</i> ADE infection. Notably, when combined with VRE, the polymerase inhibitor GS-441524 or protease inhibitor GC376 suppressed FCoV more effectively than monotherapy. In conclusion, this study characterizes the antiviral property of VRE against FCoV <i>in vitro</i>, and VRE possesses therapeutic potential for FCoV treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11078076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-29DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2344765
Md. Sekendar Ali, Eon-Bee Lee, Yixian Quah, Syed Al Jawad Sayem, Muhammad Aleem Abbas, Kyoungho Suk, Seung-Jin Lee, Seung-Chun Park
In the present study, we investigated the potential immunomodulatory effects of heat-killed (hLR) and live Limosilactobacillus reuteri PSC102 (LR; formerly Lactobacillus reuteri PSC102) in RAW264.7...
{"title":"Modulating effects of heat-killed and live Limosilactobacillus reuteri PSC102 on the immune response and gut microbiota of cyclophosphamide-treated rats","authors":"Md. Sekendar Ali, Eon-Bee Lee, Yixian Quah, Syed Al Jawad Sayem, Muhammad Aleem Abbas, Kyoungho Suk, Seung-Jin Lee, Seung-Chun Park","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2344765","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2024.2344765","url":null,"abstract":"In the present study, we investigated the potential immunomodulatory effects of heat-killed (hLR) and live Limosilactobacillus reuteri PSC102 (LR; formerly Lactobacillus reuteri PSC102) in RAW264.7...","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140828228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-12DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2340003
Núria Mach
Complex respiratory diseases are a significant challenge for the livestock industry worldwide. These diseases considerably impact animal health and welfare and cause severe economic losses. One of ...
{"title":"The forecasting power of the mucin-microbiome interplay in livestock respiratory diseases","authors":"Núria Mach","doi":"10.1080/01652176.2024.2340003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01652176.2024.2340003","url":null,"abstract":"Complex respiratory diseases are a significant challenge for the livestock industry worldwide. These diseases considerably impact animal health and welfare and cause severe economic losses. One of ...","PeriodicalId":51207,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary Quarterly","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140568985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}