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A moderate deviation principle for stochastic Hamiltonian systems 随机哈密顿系统的中等偏差原理
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-04-04 DOI: 10.1051/ps/2023009
Jie Xu, Jiayin Gong, Jie Ren
We prove a moderate deviation principle for stochastic differential equations (SDEs) with non-Lipschitz conditions. As an application of our result, we also study the stochastic Hamiltonian systems.
我们证明了具有非lipschitz条件的随机微分方程(SDEs)的中等偏差原理。作为我们研究结果的一个应用,我们也研究了随机哈密顿系统。
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引用次数: 1
Strong stationary times for finite Heisenberg walk 有限海森堡行走的强静止时间
IF 0.4 4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1051/ps/2023008
L. Miclo
The random mapping construction of strong stationary times is applied here to finite Heisenberg random walks over $ZZ_M$, for odd $Mgeq 3$.When they correspond to $3times 3$ matrices, the strong stationary times are of order $M^6$, estimate which can be improved to $M^4$if we are only interested in the convergence to equilibrium of the last column.Simulations by Chhaïbi suggest that the proposed strong stationary time is of the right $M^2$ order.These results are extended to $Ntimes N$ matrices, with $Ngeq 3$.All the obtained bounds are thought to be non-optimal, nevertheless this original approach is promising, as it relates the investigation of the previously elusive strong stationary timesof such random walks to new absorbing Markov chains with a statistical physics flavor and whose quantitative study is to be pushed further.In addition, for $N=3$, a strong equilibrium time is proposed in the same spirit for the non-Markovian coordinate in the upper right corner.This result would extend to separation discrepancy the corresponding fast convergence   for this coordinate in total variationand open a new method for the investigation of this phenomenon in higher dimension.
这里将强平稳时间的随机映射构造应用于$ZZ_M$上的有限海森堡随机漫步,对于奇数$Mgeq 3$。当它们对应于$3times 3$矩阵时,强平稳时间的阶为$M^6$,如果我们只对最后一列的收敛到平衡感兴趣,则可将其估计改进为$M^4$。Chhaïbi的模拟表明,提出的强平稳时间是正确的$M^2$顺序。这些结果被扩展到$Ntimes N$矩阵,$Ngeq 3$ .所有得到的边界都被认为是非最优的,尽管如此,这种原始的方法是有希望的,因为它将以前难以捉摸的强平稳时间的研究与具有统计物理风格的新吸收马尔可夫链联系起来,其定量研究有待进一步推进。此外,对于$N=3$,以同样的精神,对右上角的非马尔可夫坐标提出了一个强平衡时间。这一结果可以推广到该坐标在总变分中所对应的分离差异的快速收敛,并为在更高维度上研究这一现象开辟了一种新的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Convergence of a scheme for an elastic flow with tangential mesh movement 网格切向运动弹性流格式的收敛性
4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1051/m2an/2022091
Paola Pozzi, Bjoern Stinner
Elastic flow for closed curves can involve significant deformations. Mesh-based approximation schemes require tangentially redistributing vertices for long-time computations. We present and analyze a method that uses the Dirichlet energy for this purpose. The approach effectively also penalizes the length of the curve, and equilibrium shapes are equivalent to stationary points of the elastic energy augmented with the length functional. Our numerical method is based on linear parametric finite elements. Following the lines of Deckelnick and Dziuk [ Math. Comp. 78 (2009) 645–671] we prove convergence and establish error estimates, noting that the addition of the Dirichlet energy simplifies the analysis in comparison with the length functional. We also present a simple semi-implicit time discretization and discuss some numerical results that support the theory.
闭合曲线的弹性流动可能包含显著的变形。基于网格的近似方案需要切向重新分配顶点以进行长时间的计算。我们提出并分析了一种利用狄利克雷能量来达到这一目的的方法。该方法还对曲线的长度进行了有效的惩罚,并且平衡形状等效于弹性能量随长度泛函的增宽的驻点。我们的数值方法是基于线性参数有限元。按照Deckelnick和Dziuk[数学]的思路。Comp. 78(2009) 645-671]我们证明了收敛性并建立了误差估计,注意到与长度泛函相比,Dirichlet能量的加入简化了分析。我们还给出了一个简单的半隐式时间离散,并讨论了一些支持该理论的数值结果。
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引用次数: 2
Discontinuous Galerkin approximations to elliptic and parabolic problems with a Dirac line source 带狄拉克线源的椭圆型和抛物型问题的不连续伽辽金近似
4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1051/m2an/2022095
Rami Masri, Boqian Shen, Beatrice Riviere
The analyses of interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin methods of any order k for solving elliptic and parabolic problems with Dirac line sources are presented. For the steady state case, we prove convergence of the method by deriving a priori error estimates in the L 2 norm and in weighted energy norms. In addition, we prove almost optimal local error estimates in the energy norm for any approximation order. Further, almost optimal local error estimates in the L 2 norm are obtained for the case of piecewise linear approximations whereas suboptimal error bounds in the L 2 norm are shown for any polynomial degree. For the time-dependent case, convergence of semi-discrete and of backward Euler fully discrete scheme is established by proving error estimates in L 2 in time and in space. Numerical results for the elliptic problem are added to support the theoretical results.
分析了求解带Dirac线源的椭圆型和抛物型问题的任意阶k内罚不连续伽辽金方法。对于稳态情况,我们通过推导l2范数和加权能量范数的先验误差估计来证明该方法的收敛性。此外,我们还证明了对任意近似阶的能量范数的几乎最优局部误差估计。此外,对于分段线性近似的情况,得到了l2范数中几乎最优的局部误差估计,而对于任何多项式次,l2范数中的次优误差界都得到了显示。对于时变情况,通过证明l2在时间和空间上的误差估计,证明了半离散格式和后向欧拉完全离散格式的收敛性。文中还加入了椭圆型问题的数值结果来支持理论结果。
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引用次数: 0
Discontinuous Galerkin methods for stochastic Maxwell equations with multiplicative noise 带有乘性噪声的随机Maxwell方程的不连续Galerkin方法
4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1051/m2an/2022084
Jiawei Sun, Chi-Wang Shu, Yulong Xing
In this paper we propose and analyze finite element discontinuous Galerkin methods for the one- and two-dimensional stochastic Maxwell equations with multiplicative noise. The discrete energy law of the semi-discrete DG methods were studied. Optimal error estimate of the semi-discrete method is obtained for the one-dimensional case, and the two-dimensional case on both rectangular meshes and triangular meshes under certain mesh assumptions. Strong Taylor 2.0 scheme is used as the temporal discretization. Both one- and two-dimensional numerical results are presented to validate the theoretical analysis results.
本文提出并分析了具有乘性噪声的一维和二维随机Maxwell方程的有限元不连续Galerkin方法。研究了半离散DG方法的离散能量规律。在一定的网格假设下,得到了半离散方法在一维情况下的最优误差估计,以及在矩形网格和三角形网格两种情况下的最优误差估计。采用强泰勒2.0格式进行时间离散化。给出了一维和二维数值结果,验证了理论分析结果。
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引用次数: 1
Numerical approximation of probabilistically weak and strong solutions of the stochastic total variation flow 随机全变分流的概率弱解和强解的数值逼近
4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1051/m2an/2022089
Lubomir Banas, Martin Ondrejat
We propose a fully practical numerical scheme for the simulation of the stochastic total variation flow (STVF). The approximation is based on a stable time-implicit finite element space-time approximation of a regularized STVF equation. The approximation also involves a finite dimensional discretization of the noise that makes the scheme fully implementable on physical hardware. We show that the proposed numerical scheme converges in law to a solution that is defined in the sense of stochastic variational inequalities (SVIs). Under strengthened assumptions the convergence can be show to holds even in probability. As a by product of our convergence analysis we provide a generalization of the concept of probabilistically weak solutions of stochastic partial differential equation (SPDEs) to the setting of SVIs. We also prove convergence of the numerical scheme to a probabilistically strong solution in probability if pathwise uniqueness holds. We perform numerical simulations to illustrate the behavior of the proposed numerical scheme as well as its non-conforming variant in the context of image denoising.
我们提出了一个完全实用的模拟随机全变分流的数值方案。该近似是基于正则化STVF方程的稳定时隐有限元时空近似。该近似还涉及噪声的有限维离散化,这使得该方案完全可以在物理硬件上实现。我们证明了所提出的数值格式在规律上收敛于一个在随机变分不等式(SVIs)意义上定义的解。在强化的假设下,可以证明收敛性在概率上是成立的。作为我们的收敛分析的副产品,我们提供了随机偏微分方程(SPDEs)的概率弱解的概念推广到svi的设置。我们还证明了当路径唯一性保持时,数值格式在概率上收敛于一个概率强解。我们进行数值模拟,以说明所提出的数值方案的行为,以及它的不符合变量在图像去噪的背景下。
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引用次数: 0
A second-order low-regularity correction of Lie splitting for the semilinear Klein–Gordon equation 半线性Klein-Gordon方程Lie分裂的二阶低正则性修正
4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1051/m2an/2022096
Buyang Li, Katharina Schratz, Franco Zivcovich
The numerical approximation of nonsmooth solutions of the semilinear Klein–Gordon equation in the d -dimensional space, with d = 1, 2, 3, is studied based on the discovery of a new cancellation structure in the equation. This cancellation structure allows us to construct a low-regularity correction of the Lie splitting method ( i.e. , exponential Euler method), which can significantly improve the accuracy of the numerical solutions under low-regularity conditions compared with other second-order methods. In particular, the proposed time-stepping method can have second-order convergence in the energy space under the regularity condition $ (u,{mathrm{partial }}_tu)in {L}^{mathrm{infty }}(0,T;{H}^{1+frac{d}{4}}times {H}^{frac{d}{4}})$ . In one dimension, the proposed method is shown to have almost $ frac{4}{3}$ -order convergence in L ∞ (0, T; H 1 × L 2 ) for solutions in the same space, i.e. , no additional regularity in the solution is required. Rigorous error estimates are presented for a fully discrete spectral method with the proposed low-regularity time-stepping scheme. The numerical experiments show that the proposed time-stepping method is much more accurate than previously proposed methods for approximating the time dynamics of nonsmooth solutions of the semilinear Klein–Gordon equation.
在发现半线性Klein-Gordon方程中一种新的消去结构的基础上,研究了d维空间中d = 1,2,3半线性Klein-Gordon方程非光滑解的数值逼近。这种对消结构使我们能够构建Lie分裂法(即指数欧拉法)的低正则性修正,与其他二阶方法相比,可以显著提高低正则性条件下数值解的精度。在正则性条件下,所提出的时间步进方法在能量空间上具有二阶收敛性 $ (u,{mathrm{partial }}_tu)in {L}^{mathrm{infty }}(0,T;{H}^{1+frac{d}{4}}times {H}^{frac{d}{4}})$ . 在一维情况下,所提出的方法几乎具有 $ frac{4}{3}$ L∞(0,T;H 1 × L 2),即不需要在解中附加规则性。给出了采用低规则时间步进格式的全离散谱方法的严格误差估计。数值实验表明,对于半线性Klein-Gordon方程非光滑解的时间动力学近似,所提出的时间步进方法比以往提出的方法要精确得多。
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引用次数: 0
Homogenization of sound-soft and high-contrast acoustic metamaterials in subcritical regimes 亚临界状态下声软和高对比度声学超材料的均匀化
4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1051/m2an/2022098
Florian Feppon, H. Ammari
We propose a quantitative effective medium theory for two types of acoustic metamaterials constituted of a large number N of small heterogeneities of characteristic size s , randomly and independently distributed in a bounded domain. We first consider a “sound-soft” material, in which the total wave field satisfies a Dirichlet boundary condition on the acoustic obstacles. In the “sub-critical” regime sN = O (1), we obtain that the effective medium is governed by a dissipative Lippmann–Schwinger equation which approximates the total field with a relative mean-square error of order O (max(( sN ) 2 N -1/3, N -1/2)). We retrieve the critical size s ~ 1/ N of the literature at which the effects of the obstacles can be modelled by a “strange term” added to the Helmholtz equation. Second, we consider high-contrast acoustic metamaterials, in which each of the N heterogeneities are packets of K inclusions filled with a material of density much lower than the one of the background medium. As the contrast parameter vanishes, δ → 0, the effective medium admits K resonant characteristic sizes ( s i ( δ )) 1≤ i ≤ K and is governed by a Lippmann–Schwinger equation, which is diffusive or dispersive (with negative refractive index) for frequencies ω respectively slightly larger or slightly smaller than the corresponding K resonant frequencies ( ω i ( δ )) 1≤ i ≤ K . These conclusions are obtained under the condition that (i) the resonance is of monopole type, and (ii) lies in the “subcritical regime” where the contrast parameter is small enough, i.e. δ = o ( N −2 )), while the considered frequency is “not too close” to the resonance, i.e. N δ 1/2 = O (|1 - s/s i (δ)|). Our mathematical analysis and the current literature allow us to conjecture that “solidification” phenomena are expected to occur in the “super-critical” regime N δ 1/2 |1 - s/s i (δ)| -1 → + ∞.
本文提出了两类声学超材料的定量有效介质理论,这些材料由大量N个特征尺寸为s的小异质性组成,随机独立分布在有界域中。我们首先考虑一种“声软”材料,其中总波场满足声障碍物上的狄利克雷边界条件。在“次临界”状态sN = O(1)下,我们得到了有效介质由耗散Lippmann-Schwinger方程控制,该方程近似于总场,相对均方误差为O阶(max((sN) 2n -1/3, N -1/2))。我们检索了文献的临界尺寸s ~ 1/ N,在该临界尺寸下,障碍物的影响可以通过在亥姆霍兹方程中添加一个“奇怪项”来建模。其次,我们考虑了高对比度声学超材料,其中每个N非均质都是由密度远低于背景介质的材料填充的K包体包。当对比参数δ→0消失时,有效介质承认K个共振特征尺寸(si (δ)) 1≤i≤K,并受Lippmann-Schwinger方程支配,该方程在频率ω略大于或略小于对应K个共振频率(ω i (δ)) 1≤i≤K时为扩散或色散(具有负折射率)。这些结论是在以下条件下得到的:(i)谐振为单极子型,(ii)处于对比参数足够小的“亚临界区”,即δ = 0 (N−2)),而考虑的频率与谐振“不太接近”,即N δ 1/2 = o (|1 - s/s i (δ)|)。我们的数学分析和目前的文献允许我们推测,“凝固”现象预计将发生在“超临界”状态N δ 1/2 |1 - s/s i (δ)| -1→+∞。
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引用次数: 2
Extensions of Active Flux to arbitrary order of accuracy 将有源通量扩展到任意精度
4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1051/m2an/2023004
Rémi Abgrall, Wasilij Barsukow
Active Flux is a recently developed numerical method for hyperbolic conservation laws. Its classical degrees of freedom are cell averages and point values at cell interfaces. These latter are shared between adjacent cells, leading to a globally continuous reconstruction. The update of the point values includes upwinding, but without solving a Riemann Problem. The update of the cell average requires a flux at the cell interface, which can be immediately obtained using the point values. This paper explores different extensions of Active Flux to arbitrarily high order of accuracy, while maintaining the idea of global continuity. We propose to either increase the stencil while keeping the same degrees of freedom, or to increase the number of point values, or to include higher moments as new degrees of freedom. These extensions have different properties, and reflect different views upon the relation of Active Flux to the families of Finite Volume, Finite Difference and Finite Element methods.
有源通量法是近年来发展起来的一种求解双曲型守恒律的数值方法。它的经典自由度是单元平均值和单元界面上的点值。后者在相邻的细胞之间共享,从而导致全局连续重建。点值的更新包括上绕,但不解决黎曼问题。单元平均值的更新需要单元界面处的通量,该通量可以立即使用点值获得。本文在保持全局连续性的前提下,探索了有源通量的不同扩展,以达到任意高阶精度。我们建议在保持相同自由度的情况下增加模板,或者增加点值的数量,或者包括更高的力矩作为新的自由度。这些扩展具有不同的性质,反映了对有源通量与有限体积法、有限差分法和有限元法族关系的不同看法。
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引用次数: 1
On the stability of strong-stability-preserving modified Patankar–Runge–Kutta schemes 强保稳修正Patankar-Runge-Kutta方案的稳定性
4区 数学 Q4 STATISTICS & PROBABILITY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1051/m2an/2023005
Juntao Huang, Thomas Izgin, Stefan Kopecz, Andreas Meister, Chi-Wang Shu
In this paper, we perform a stability analysis for classes of second and third order accurate strong-stability-preserving modified Patankar–Runge–Kutta (SSPMPRK) schemes, which were introduced in Huang and Shu [ J. Sci. Comput. 78 (2019) 1811–1839] and Huang et al . [ J. Sci. Comput. 79 (2019) 1015–1056] and can be used to solve convection equations with stiff source terms, such as reactive Euler equations, with guaranteed positivity under the standard CFL condition due to the convection terms only. The analysis allows us to identify the range of free parameters in these SSPMPRK schemes in order to ensure stability. Numerical experiments are provided to demonstrate the validity of the analysis.
本文对Huang和Shu [J. Sci.]提出的二阶和三阶精确强保持修正Patankar-Runge-Kutta (SSPMPRK)格式进行了稳定性分析。计算机学报,78(2019)1811-1839]。[j]。计算。79(2019)1015-1056],可用于求解具有刚性源项的对流方程,如反应性欧拉方程,在标准CFL条件下,仅由于对流项而保证正性。分析使我们能够确定这些SSPMPRK方案的自由参数范围,以确保稳定性。数值实验验证了分析的有效性。
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引用次数: 3
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Esaim-Probability and Statistics
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